TERMS DEFINITION/EXPLANATION FORMULAS

Distance (m) Total route taken by a motion -

Displacement (m) Distance taken with consideration of
direction
Speed (m/s) Rate of change of distance 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
Velocity (m/s) Rate of change of displacement 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
Acceleration & Rate of change of velocity 𝑣−𝑢
𝑎=
𝑡
Deceleration(negative
acceleration) (m/s²)
Ticker Timer Time interval between 2 consecutives dots Time interval =
= 0.02s Number of dot-
spaces x 0.02s
Linear Motion - o v = u + at
1
o s = ut + 2at

o v² = u² + 2as
1
o s = 2(u + v)t

Displacement – time Feature Displacement – Velocity – time

graph time graph graph
Velocity – time graph Area below the - Displacement
graph
Gradient Velocity Acceleration
Inertia o Newton’s First Law of Motion
o Higher Mass, Higher Inertia
Momentum (Nm) Momentum increases when the: Mass x velocity
o mass increases
o velocity increases
 Force (N) o An action which will alter the state Mass x
of motion of a body in a straight acceleration
line
o Newton’s second law of motion:
Rate of change of momentum ∝
Force
Impulse (Ns) Change of momentum mv - mu
Impulsive force(N) Rate of change of momentum (mv − mu)
𝑡
Forces in Equilibrium  Acceleration = 0 m/s²
 The object is static
 The object is moving with uniform
velocity
Work(Nm) and Work = Force is exerted to move Force x
Energy(J) an object through a distance in the Displacement
direction of the force
Energy = Ability to do the work
Power(watt) Rate of change of energy 𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝐷𝑜𝑛𝑒
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛
Or
Force x Velocity
Potential Energy(J) 1. Gravitational Potential mgh
Energy
2. Elastic Potential Energy ½ Fx
(spring)
Kinetic Energy(J) Energy possessed by an object due to its ½mv²
motion