1

APr
ojectWor
kInPROFESSI
ONALETHI
CS

‘
RIGHTTOSTRI
KEOFADVOCATES’

SUBMI
TTED TO:Mr
.Abhi
shekBha
radwa
j
FACULTY:PROFESSI
ONALETHI
CS

SUBMI
TTED BY:Pr
ati
kVer
ma
SEMESTERX
SECTI
ONC
ROLLNO.97

SUBMI
TTED ON:

6thAPRI
L,2017

HI
DAYATULLAHNATI
ONALLAW UNI
VERSI
TY
Ra
ipur
,Chha
tti
sga
rh

Ri
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tes
 2

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Tha
nkst
otheAl
might
ywhoga
vemet
hes
trengt
htoa
ccompl
i
sht
hepr
ojectwi
th
s
heerha
rdwor
kandhones
ty.

Iwoul
dli
ke t
osi
ncer
el
ytha
nk my f
acul
tyf
orPr
ofes
siona
lEt
hics MrAbhi
shek
Bha
radwa
jforgi
vi
ngmet
hist
opi
candgui
di
ngmet
hroughoutt
hepr
oject
.Thr
ough
t
hispr
ojectIha
vel
ear
nedal
ota
boutt
hea
for
esa
idt
opi
candt
hisi
ntur
nha
shel
ped
megr
ow a
sas
tudent
.

Myhea
rtf
eltgr
ati
tudea
lsogoesoutt
othes
taf
fanda
dmi
ni
str
ati
onofHNLUf
ort
he
i
nfr
ast
ruct
urei
nthef
orm ofourl
i
bra
rya
ndI
Tla
btha
twa
sas
our
ceofgr
eathel
pin
t
hecompl
eti
onoft
hispr
oject
.

Pr
ati
kVer
ma
Rol
l-
97

Ri
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oSt
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tes
 3

TABLEOFCONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2

I
NTRODUCTI
ON 4

OBJECTI
VES 5

RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY 5

MEANI
NGOFTHETERM ‘
STRI
KE’ 6

RI
GHTTOSTRI
KE 7

I
nter
nat
iona
lPer
spect
ive 7

Ri
ghtToSt
ri
keAndI
ndi
anCons
tit
uti
on 8

ADVOCATESRI
GHTTOSTRI
KEI
NINDI
A 10

ANALYZI
NGSOMEI
MPORTANTJUDGMENTS 13

CONCLUSI
ON 19

REFERENCES 20

Ar
ti
cl
es 20

Ri
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oSt
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keofAdvoca
tes
 4

I
NTRODUCTI
ON
Tr
adi
ti
ona
ll
yini
ndus
tri
alr
ela
tionsbot
hthema
nagementa
ndt
hewor
ker
suni
onha
da
t
oolea
ch.Thema
nagementha
dther
ightofl
ock
-outwhi
l
ethel
abouruni
oncoul
dca
ll
as
tri
ke.I
twa
sint
hisma
nnert
hatt
het
wopa
rti
esr
ema
ineda
tanequa
lfoot
inga
sfa
r
a
sthe
irba
rga
ini
ng power
s wer
e concer
ned.I
nfa
ctt
he cons
tit
uti
ona
lfr
amer
s
under
stoodt
hei
mpor
tanceofci
ti
zenscomi
ngt
oget
herf
oraca
usea
ndpr
ovi
dedt
he
"
ri
ghtt
oas
sembl
epea
cef
ull
yandwi
thouta
rms
"asaf
unda
ment
alr
ighta
vai
l
abl
etoa
ll
ci
ti
zensoft
hecount
ry.

Moder
nIndi
a,however
,ha
smovedon.TheSupr
emeCour
tin1997a
greedwi
tha
dec
isi
onoft
heKer
al
aHi
ghCour
ttha
tther
ewa
snor
ightf
ora
nyi
ndi
vi
dua
lorcr
oss
-
s
ect
ionofas
oci
etyt
oca
llf
oraba
ndhorha
rdt
aloragener
als
trke.I
i nCommuni
st
1
Par
tyofI
ndi
a(Mar
xis
t)v.Bhar
atKumar t
heCour
tdecl
ar
edt
hat"
ther
eca
nnotbea
ny
doubtt
hatt
hef
unda
ment
alr
ight
soft
hepeopl
easawhol
eca
nnotbes
ubs
ervi
entt
o
t
hecl
ai
m off
unda
ment
alr
ightofa
nindi
vi
dua
loronl
yas
ect
ionoft
hepeopl
e.
"It
a
greedwi
tht
heHi
ghCour
ttohol
dtha
t"t
her
eca
nnotbea
nyr
ightt
oca
llorenf
orce
a'
Bandh'whi
chi
nter
fer
eswi
tht
heexer
cis
eoft
hef
unda
ment
alf
reedomsofot
her
ci
ti
zens
,ina
ddi
ti
ont
oca
usi
ngna
tiona
llos
sinma
nywa
ys"
.Int
hisba
ckdr
opt
heCour
t
pi
oneer
edt
her
ightofa
nindi
vi
dua
laga
ins
tther
ightofacr
oss
-sect
ionofs
oci
etyt
o
gett
hei
rvi
ewshea
rd.

Si
mil
arha
sbeen af
ateofl
awy
ers
.Whi
l
etheya
recons
ider
ed a
sha
rbi
nger
sand
gua
rdsa
gai
nsta
naut
ocr
ati
csoci
ety
,yett
heya
renota
ll
owedt
oga
thera
ndvoi
ce
t
hei
ropi
ni
on.Bei
ngoft
hevi
ew t
hatt
hei
rst
ri
kec
omesi
nthewa
yofdel
i
ver
ingj
ust
ice
t
othea
lr
eadys
uff
eri
ngl
i
ti
gant
,theSupr
emeCour
tga
veaca
tegor
ica
lfi
ndi
ngi
n2002
hol
di
ngt
hatl
awy
ersha
dnor
ightt
ost
ri
kea
nda
nys
uchs
tri
keordecl
ar
ati
onwa
s
i
l
lega
lrequi
ri
nga
cti
ona
gai
nstt
heer
ranti
ndi
vi
dua
ls.

Not
ingt
hatt
her
ewa
sover
whel
mingj
udi
ci
alopi
ni
ona
gai
nstt
hel
awy
ersgoi
ngon
s
tri
kea
ndt
hatt
hedi
gni
tyt
hecour
trequi
redf
rom t
heba
rwa
saga
ins
tthel
awy
er
a
bscondi
ngwor
kanda
bandoni
ngt
hecl
i
entwhos
ebr
iefhehel nEx-
d,i Capt
.Har
ish

1
I
nCommuni
stPa
rtyofI
ndi
a(Ma
rxi
st)v.Bha
ratKuma
r,AI
R1998SC184.

Ri
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tes
 5

Uppalv.Uni
onofI a2 at
ndi hreej
udgebenchoft
heSupr
emeCour
tdecl
ar
edt
hel
aw
i
nnouncer
tai
nter
msa
gai
nstl
awy
ersgoi
ngons
tri
ke.

OBJECTI
VES
Thepr
ima
ryobj
ect
ivesoft
hispr
ojectr
epor
tar
e:
1.Tos
tudyt
het
erms
tri
ke;

2.To under
sta
nd t
he r
ight t
o s
tri
ke f
rom bot
hIndi
ana
nd i
nter
nat
iona
l
per
spect
ive

3.Todi
scus
sther
ightt
ost
ri
keofa
dvoca
tesi
nIndi
a

4.Toa
nal
yzes
omeoft
hei
mpor
tantj
udgementoft
heSupr
emeCour
tinr
ega
rd
t
ola
wyer
’sr
ightt
ost
ri
ke.

RESEARCHMETHODOLOGY
Thi
sres
ear
ch i
s des
cri
pti
ve a
nd a
nal
yti
cali
n na
tur
e.Seconda
rya
nd El
ect
roni
c
r
esour
cesha
vebeenl
ar
gel
yus
edt
oga
theri
nfor
mat
iona
boutt
het
opi
c.
Webs
ites
,books
,jour
nal
sanda
rti
cl
esha
vebeenpr
ima
ril
yhel
pfuli
ngi
vi
ngt
hispr
oject
af
ir
mst
ruct
ure
.
Foot
not
esha
vebeenpr
ovi
dedwher
everneededt
oacknowl
edget
hes
our
ce.

2
Ex-
Capt
.Ha
ris
hUppa
lv.Uni
onofI
ndi
a,(
2003)2SCC45.

Ri
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oSt
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keofAdvoca
tes
 6

MEANI
NGOFTHETERM ‘
STRI
KE’
Ther
ightt
ost
ri
kei
sthemos
tvi
si
bl
efor
m ofcol
l
ect
ivei
ndus
tri
ala
cti
ont
hatwor
ker
s
empl
oyt
ofor
ceempl
oye
rst
oexpr
esst
hei
rgr
ieva
ncea
ndt
ofor
cet
heempl
oyert
o
t
heba
rga
ini
ngt
abl
e.

3
I
nthe ca
se of Tr
amp Shi
ppi
ng Cor
por
ati
on v.Gr
eenwi
ch Mar
ine I
ncor
p. ,Lor
d
Denni
ngs
tat
edt
hatas
tri
kei
s“aconcer
teds
toppa
geofwor
kbymen,donewi
tha
vi
ew t
oimpr
ovi
ngt
hei
rwa
gesorcondi
ti
onsofempl
oyment
,orgi
vi
ngventt
oa
gr
ieva
nceorma
kingapr
otes
tabouts
omet
hingors
ympa
thi
zi
ngwi
thot
herwor
kmen
i
nsuchendea
vor
.Iti
sdi
sti
nctf
rom s
toppa
gebr
oughtbya
next
erna
levents
ucha
sa
bombs
car
eorbya
ppr
ehens
ionofda
nger
.”

UnderNi
ger
ianLa
w,Sect
ion47oft
heTr
adeDi
sput
esActs
tat
est
hat
:“St
ri
kemea
ns
t
heces
sat
ionofwor
kbyabodyofper
sonsempl
oyeda
cti
ngi
ncombi
nat
ion,ora
concer
tedr
efus
alorar
efus
alunderacommonunder
sta
ndi
ngofa
nynumberof
per
sonsempl
oyedt
ocont
inuet
owor
kfora
nempl
oyeri
ncons
equenceofadi
sput
e,
donea
samea
nsofcompel
l
ingt
hei
rempl
oyerora
nyper
sonsorbodyofper
sons
empl
oyed,t
oacceptornott
oacc
eptt
ermsofempl
oymenta
ndphy
sica
lcondi
ti
onsof
wor
k;a
ndi
nthi
sdef
ini
ti
on:
-
a
.“Ces
sat
ionofwor
k”i
ncl
udesdel
i
ber
atel
ywor
kinga
tles
stha
nus
uals
peedor
wi
thl
esst
hanus
ual
eff
ici
ency
;and

b.“Ref
usa
ltocont
inuet
owor
k”i
ncl
udesar
efus
alt
owor
katus
uals
peedor
wi
thus
ual
eff
ici
ency
.”4

I
nbr
ieft
hedef
ini
ti
onofs
tri
kei
ncl
udest
hef
oll
owi
ngpoi
nts
:
1.St
ri
ker
sar
eper
sonsempl
oyedi
nanyi
ndus
tryt
odowor
k.

2.As
tri
kei
sca
ll
eda
gai
nsta
nempl
oyerofl
abour
.
3
Tra
mpShippingCor por
ati
onv.Gr eenwichMari
neIncorp,[
1975]1WLR1042
4
A.B.AHMED, A Cr it
icalAppr ai
salof the Right to Str
ike i
n Niger
ia(
Mar
.31,2017)
.
ht
tp:
//www.i
jhssnet
.com/journal
s/Vol
_4_No_11_1_September
_2014/32.
pdf

Ri
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oSt
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keofAdvoca
tes
 7

3.St
ri
kei
saconcer
teda
cti
onundercommonunder
sta
ndi
ngbyt
hes
tri
ker
sto
r
efus
etowor
kora
cceptempl
oyment
.

4.Thec
oncer
teda
cti
onma
ybepr
e-pl
annedors
pont
aneous

5.Thea
cti
onr
esul
tedi
nphy
sica
lces
sat
ionofwor
kwhos
edur
ati
oni
simma
ter
ial
.

St
ri
ke,mea
ns“concer
neds
toppa
geofwor
kbywor
ker
sdonewi
thavi
ew t
oimpr
ovi
ng
t
hei
rwa
gesorcondi
ti
ons
,orgi
vi
ng ventt
o agr
ieva
nceorma
king apr
otes
tabout
s
omet
hing ort
he ot
her
,ors
uppor
ti
ng ors
ympa
thi
zi
ng wi
th ot
herwor
ker
sins
uch
endea
vour
.”

Ba
seduponopi
ni
onofva
riousj
uri
stst
he`
str
ike'i
sawe
aponofs
oci
alj
ust
icef
ort
he
power
les
saga
ins
tthepower
fult
obeus
eda
sal
astr
esor
twhennoot
heropt
ioni
s
a
vai
l
abl
e.Us
edbyt
het
radeuni
onmovementt
owi
thhol
dthei
r`l
abour
'powert
oget`
jus
t'
t
ermsa
ndbyGa
ndhia
sanon-vi
ol
entpr
otes
taga
ins
timper
ialr
ule,i
tisnotat
ri
vi
al
pur
sui
ttobeus
edbyt
hepowe
rfult
odemons
tra
tet
hei
rst
rengt
hora
sawea
ponof
bl
ackma
ilort
oper
pet
uat
einj
ust
ice
.

RI
GHTTOSTRI
KE

I
nter
nat
ionalPer
spect
ive
The r
ight t
ost
ri
ke ha
sacqui
red a
nimpl
i
ed a
uthor
iz
ati
on f
rom t
he Uni
ver
sal
Decl
ar
ati
onofHuma
nRi
ght
s(1948)
.Ar
ti
cl
es23,
24a
nd25oft
hedecl
ar
ati
onsa
sser
t
ever
yone’
sri
ghtt
owor
k,r
ightt
ojus
tandf
avor
abl
eremuner
ati
ona
ndr
ightt
ofor
m
a
ndj
oint
radeuni
onsa
nda
lsot
her
ightt
ores
t,l
ei
sur
e,l
eaveet
c.a
ndt
her
ightf
orf
air
5
l
i
vingc
ondi
ti
onswi
thneces
sar
ysoci
albenef
it
s.

TheEngl
i
sh Cour
tsha
vea
lr
eadyr
ecogni
zed t
hisr
ighta
saj
ust
if
iabl
eri
ght
.Lor
d
Denni nMor
ngi y6 s
ganv.Fr tat
edt
hats
tri
kei
sla
bor
’sul
ti
mat
ewea
pona
ndi
nthe
cour
seofhundr
edy
ear
sitha
semer
geda
sthei
nher
entr
ightofever
ywor
ker
.Iti
san

5
HumanRights(Mar.30,2015).
http:
//www.encycl
opedia
.com/topi
c/huma
n_r
ight
s.a
spx
6
Morganv.Fry,[1968]2Q. B.710

Ri
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oSt
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tes
 8

el
ementwhi
chi
soft
hever
yes
senceoft
hepr
inci
pl
eofcol
l
ect
iveba
rga
ini
ng.

Ri
ghtf
rom t
hei
ndus
tri
alr
evol
uti
ont
her
eas
ona
bler
ightoft
hewor
ker
stos
tri
kewor
k
i
srecogni
zedi
nva
riouscount
ri
es.Ar
ti
cl
e42oft
hecons
tit
uti
onofEt
hiopi
apr
ovi
des
t
her
ightt
ost
ri
ket
othewor
ker
sanda
lsoenj
oinst
hes
tat
etopr
ovi
des
uchr
ight
,
s
ubj
ectt
oanyr
est
ri
cti
ons
,event
othegover
nmentempl
oyees
.Ar
ti
cl
e34 oft
he
7
cons
tit
uti
onofAngol
agua
rant
eesr
ightt
ost
ri
kea
ndpr
ohi
bi
tlockout
s. Br
azi
l
,the
devel
opi
ngLa
tinAmer
ica
ncount
rya
lsogua
rant
eest
her
ightt
ost
ri
keunderAr
ti
cl
e9
oft
hecons
tit
uti
on.Ca
pit
ali
stcount
ri
esl
i
keJa
panunderAr
ti
cl
e28a
ndSout
hKor
ea
underAr
ti
cl
e33oft
hei
rres
pect
ivecons
tit
uti
onspr
ovi
det
her
ightt
ost
ri
ke.

I
nter
nat
iona
lLa
bourOr
gani
zat
ion gua
rant
eest
hes
eri
ght
sand ma
ny ot
herl
abour
r
ight
swi
tht
hehel
pofi
nter
nat
iona
lconvent
ions
.Indi
aisaf
oundi
ngmemberoft
he
I
LO a
nd i
tis na
tur
al
ly expect
ed t
hati
tdoes
n’tvi
ol
atet
he i
nter
nat
iona
lla
bour
s
tanda
rds
.Thet
wo mos
timpor
tantconvent
ionsi
nrel
ati
on t
ori
ghtt
ost
ri
kea
re
convent
ionno.87(
Freedom ofAs
soci
ati
ona
ndPr
otect
ionoft
heRi
ghtt
oOr
gani
ze
Convent
ion,1948)a
nd98(
Rightt
oOr
gani
sea
ndCol
l
ect
iveBa
rga
ini
ngConvent
ion,
1949)
.Event
hought
heconvent
iondoesnotr
efert
other
ightofs
tri
ke,t
heI
LO
commi
tt
eeonexper
tsha
sbeenr
ega
rdi
ngi
tasa
nes
sent
ialpa
rtoft
heba
sicr
ightt
o
8
or
gani
ze.

Ri
ghtToSt
ri
keAndI
ndi
anCons
tit
uti
on
I
ndi
anl
aw doesnotexpr
ess
lyr
ecogni
zet
her
ightt
ost
ri
ke.I
twa
stheTr
adeUni
on
Act
,1926whi
chf
ort
hef
ir
stt
imepr
ovi
dedl
i
mit
edr
ightt
ost
ri
ke.TheActl
ega
li
zed
cer
tai
nact
ivi
ti
esofar
egi
ster
edt
radeuni
oni
nfur
ther
anceofat
radedi
sput
e,whi
ch
wer
eot
her
wis
eabr
eachofcommoneconomi
cla
w.I
nthepr
esentt
ime,t
her
ightt
o
s
tri
kei
srecogni
zedonl
ytoal
i
mit
edext
enta
sal
egi
ti
mat
erecour
sef
orTr
adeUni
ons
.

I
ncont
extoft
heI
ndi
anCons
tit
uti
on,t
her
ightt
ost
ri
kes
trea
msoutf
rom t
her
ightt
o
f
orm uni
onsa
ndi
snotr
ecogni
zeda
sana
bsol
uter
ight
.Ever
yri
ghti
ssubj
ectt
o

7
Humanri
ght
swat ch(Ma r.30,2015)
htt
ps:
//www.hrw.
org/si
tes/default
/fi
les/wr2013_web.
pdf
8
Ri
ghtToStr
ike-ALegitimateIll
egal
it
y( Apr.2,2017)
htt
p:/
/www.l
egals
ervi
cesindia
.com/ a
rticl
es/
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r
eas
ona
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est
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cti
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ndt
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amea
ppl
i
est
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mingt
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est
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.In
9
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soci
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e19butby
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otal
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erentcons
ider
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.”

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ment
alr
ightt
ofor
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ati
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abouruni
onsbuta
f
unda
ment
alr
ightt
ogoons
tri
kedoesnotexi
st.TheI
ndus
tri
alDi
sput
esAct
,1947
l
aysdownt
hegr
oundsa
ndcondi
ti
onsf
oral
ega
lst
ri
kewhi
chi
funf
ulf
il
l
ed,r
endera
s
tri
kei
l
lega
l.

10
n Ka
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asadandOt
her
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ateofBi
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her
, t
heHi
ghCour
t
t
ookt
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ew t
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reedom gua
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ts.19(
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udear
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odemons
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kes
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rass
erva
ntsofGover
nment
wer
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nBa
I nkofI
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av.I
.
S.Kal a11 t
ewal hecons
tit
uti
ona
lbenchhel
dtha
t,whet
hert
hes
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ke
i
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ust
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ecor
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at
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i
ghtoft
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Thewor
d"s
tri
ke"ha
sbe
endef
inedunderSect
ion2(
q)oft
heI
ndus
tri
alDi
sput
esAct
,
1947.St
ri
kei
sthea
ctofs
toppi
ngwor
kbyabodyofwor
kmenf
ort
hepur
pos
eof

9
All
Indi
aBa nkEmpl oyeesAs socia
tionv.I
.T,1962SCR(
3)269
10
Kameshwa rPrasada ndOthersv.St a
teofBihara
ndAnot
her
,AI
R1962SC1166.
11
BankofIndiav.I.
S.Kalewal
a,(1990)2La b&IC39.
12
Cr
ompt onGr ea
vesLt dv.Wor kmen,AIR1978SC1489.

Ri
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 10

coer
cingt
hei
rempl
oyert
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ndst
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vema
deuponhi
m.A
per
usa
lofva
riouspr
ovi
si
onsoft
heI
ndus
tri
alDi
sput
esAct
,1947woul
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wor
ker
sha
venoa
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uter
ightt
ogoons
tri
ke.Sect
ion22oft
heI
ndus
tri
alDi
sput
es
Act
,1947 l
ays down ci
rcums
tances i
n whi
ch s
tri
ke i
n publ
i
c ut
il
i
tys
ervi
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ohi
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ays
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kes
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ub-
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A.I
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ega
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13
power
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hough.

ADVOCATESRI
GHTTOSTRI
KEI
NINDI
A

I
fwel
ooki
ntot
hepr
ovi
si
onsoft
heAdvoca
tesActa
ndt
heLega
lPr
act
it
ioner
sAct
,
i
tbecomesevi
dentt
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dvoca
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squi
tedi
ff
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roma
nempl
oyee
.
Ana
dvoca
tei
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sonl
ear
nedi
nthel
awa
nddul
yadmi
tt
edt
opr
act
ice,whoa
ssi
sts
hi
scl
i
entwi
tha
dvi
cea
ndpl
eadsf
orhi
minopencour
t.I
tist
hepr
ofes
siona
lbodyof
l
awy
ers-t
heBa
rCounci
lofI
ndi
awhi
chl
aysdowns
tanda
rdsofpr
ofes
siona
lconduct
a
nd et
iquet
tef
ora
dvoca
tes t
osa
fegua
rdt
he r
ight
s,pr
ivi
l
eges a
nd i
nter
est
s of
a
dvoca
tes
.A CodeofEt
hicsf
ort
hel
ega
lpr
ofes
sioni
nIndi
awa
sfr
ameda
sea
rl
yas
1962.I
tdet
ail
sthedut
iesofa
dvoca
tes
.Ba
rCounci
lofI
ndi
aha
sal
sof
ramedr
ulesi
n
exer
cis
eofi
tsr
ule-
maki
ngpowerundert
heAdvoca
tesAct
,1961.Cha
pterI
IofPa
rt
VIoft
hes
e"Rul
esGover
ningAdvoca
tes
"pr
escr
ibes
tanda
rdsofpr
ofes
siona
lconduct
14
a
ndet
iquet
tef
orl
awy
ers
.

ThePr
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etot
hes
eRul
ess
tat
est
hedut
iesa
ndobl
i
gat
ionsofl
awy
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ngener
al
t
erms
.Rul
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IofCha
pterI
Ioft
her
ulesl
aydowns
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ndet
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tea
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iest
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i
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ndt
otheCour
t.Rul
e12pr
ovi
dest
hat
a
nadvoca
tes
hal
lnotwi
thdr
awf
rom enga
gement
soncea
ccept
ed,wi
thouts
uff
ici
ent

13
JUSTICE PANA CHAND JAIN(RETD.
),Lawyers and t
he Boycot
tofCour
ts(
Mar
.30,2015)
.
http:
//www.ebc-
i
ndi
a.
com/
lawyer
/ar
ti
cl
es/
95v5a3.
htm
14
I
d.

Ri
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 11

15
ca
usea
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eas
ona
blea
nds
uff
ici
entnot
icei
sgi
vent
othecl
i
ent
. Rul
e15
pr
ovi
dest
hati
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hedut
yofa
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reel
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nter
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sofhi
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i
ent by a
llf
aira
nd honour
abl
e mea
ns wi
thout r
ega
rd t
o a
ny unpl
eas
ant
cons
equencest
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msel
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.Rul
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aysdownt
hata
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tes
hal
l
notdoa
nyt
hingwher
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bus
esort
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i
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ight
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etur
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a
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ate wi
tht
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ly
a
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ni
str
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ust
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I
tisi
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ckgr
oundt
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stol
ooki
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emscr
eat
edbyl
awy
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'
s
tri
kes
.Theques
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nwea
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wyer
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cot
tofcour
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a
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ma
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ubj
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15
NawalKi
shor
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l
ers&Or
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sis
tantCommi
ssi
onerofI
ncomeTa
x&Or
s.
,(2011)131
I
TD480
16
anot
Supr e8.

Ri
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 12

Whenwecons
idert
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tisavoca
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imes
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or.Themember
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17
I
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18
Emper
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ntaBos
e,AI
R1922Ca
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Ri
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 13

i
nconveni
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cour
twa
sini
ssue.A r
esol
uti
onwa
spa
ssedbyt
heBa
rAs
soci
ati
onnott
oappea
r
bef
oret
heFour
th Subor
dina
teJudgei
n vi
ew oft
hef
actt
hati
nsul
tinf
li
cted on
Pl
eaderShr
iBa
buRa
bindr
aNa
thCha
tter
jee,wa
sani
nsul
ttot
hewhol
eBa
r.I
twa
sin
cons
equence oft
he r
esol
uti
on t
hatt
he pl
eader
sref
used t
oappea
rbef
oret
he
Subor
dina
teJudge.TheHi
ghCour
trul
ed:

Thepl
" eaderhasdut
iesandobl
i
gat
ionst
othei
rcl
i
ent
sinr
espectoft
hes
uit
sand
mat
ter
s ent
rus
ted t
othem whi
ch wer
e pendi
ng i
nthe Cour
t of t
he l
ear
ned
Subor
dinat
eJudge.Ther
ewasf
urt
herandequal
l
yimpor
tantdut
yandobl
i
gat
ionupon
t
hem vi
z.t
o cooper
atewi
tht
heCour
tint
heor
dinar
yandpur
eadmi
ni
str
ati
onof
j
ust
ice.Byt
hecour
sewhi
cht
heyhaveadopt
ed,t
hepl
eader
sis
olat
edandnegl
ect
ed
t
hei
rdut
yandobl
i
gat
ioni
nbot
hthes
eres
pect
s.Wedes
iret
omakei
tcl
eart
hats
uch
conductcannotandwi
l
lnotbet
oler
ated.I
nthi
scas
eift
hepl
eader
sthoughtt
heyhad
aj
ustcaus
eofcompl
ai
nt,t
heyhadt
wocour
sesopent
othem ei
thert
omakea
r
epr
esent
ati
ont
othel
ear
nedDi
str
ictJudgeort
otheHi
ghCour
t.Theyt
ooknei
ther
oft
hes
eal
ter
nat
ives
,butt
heyadopt
edt
hehi
gh-
handedandunj
ust
if
iabl
ecour
seof
19
Lt
.Col.S.
J.Cha
udhar
yv.State(
Del
hiAdmn.
),(
1984)1SCC722.
20
Tar
iniMohanBara
rcase,AI
R1923Cal242

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 14

boycot
ti
ngt
hel
ear
nedSubor
dinat
eJudgei
ncour
t".

Thes
amevi
ew wa
sexpr
ess
edbyt
hePunj
aba
ndHa
rya
naHi
ghCour
tinMa
har
aj
21
Baks
h Si
ngh. An a
dvoca
tei
s cons
ider
ed a
s ha
rbi
nger
sand gua
rds a
gai
nsta
n
a
utocr
ati
csoci
etyy
ett
heya
renota
ll
owedt
oga
thera
ndvoi
cet
hei
ropi
ni
on.Bei
ngof
t
hevi
ew t
hatt
hei
rst
ri
kecomesi
nthewa
yofdel
i
ver
ing j
ust
icet
othea
lr
eady
s
uff
eri
ngl
i
ti
gant
,theSupr
emeCour
tga
veaca
tegor
ica
lfi
ndi
ngi
n2002hol
di
ngt
hat
l
awy
ersha
dnor
ightt
ost
ri
kea
nda
nys
uchs
tri
keordecl
ar
ati
onwa
sil
l
ega
lrequi
ri
ng
a
cti
ona
gai
nstt
heer
ranti
ndi
vi
dua
ls.Ther
ewa
sover
whel
mingj
udi
ci
alopi
ni
ona
gai
nst
t
hel
awy
ersgoi
ngons
tri
kea
ndt
hatt
hedi
gni
tyoft
hecour
trequi
redf
rom t
heba
r,
wa
saf
fect
edbyt
hel
awy
ersa
bscondi
ngwor
kanda
bandoni
ngt
hecl
i
entwhos
ebr
ief
hehel
d.

ANALYZI
NGSOMEI
MPORTANTJUDGMENTS

Ther
ear
eas
eri
esofca
sel
awswhi
chdecl
ar
etha
tas
tri
kebya
dvoca
tesi
sil
l
ega
l.

n B.
I L.
Wadehr
av.St
ate22 t
heCour
thel
dtha
tifont
hegr
oundofs
tri
keal
awy
er
a
bst
ainsf
rom a
ppea
ringi
ncour
tinaca
sei
nwhi
chhehol
dsava
kal
atna
maf
rom a
cl
i
ent
,hei
sconduct
ingpr
ofes
siona
lmi
sconduct
,abr
eachofcont
ract
,br
eachoft
rus
t
a
ndabr
eachofpr
ofes
siona
ldut
y.

Tobegi
nwi
tha
ret
hepr
inci
pl
esa
ris
ingoutoft
hel
awy
er-
cl
ientr
ela
tions
hip.Thes
e
ma
ybes
tat
eda
sfol
l
ows
:

Pr
inci
pl
eI:La
wyer
sar
einbr
eachoft
hei
rlega
l,mor
ala
ndpr
ofes
siona
lobl
i
gat
ions
t
owa
rdst
hei
rcl
i
enti
ftheya
cceptaca
sea
ndf
ail
toa
ppea
rincour
t.

Pr
inci
pl
eII
:Thef
actt
hatt
heBa
rAs
soci
ati
onha
sca
ll
edas
tri
kepr
ohi
bi
ti
ngl
awy
erst
o
a
ppea
rina
nycour
tisnotas
uff
ici
entr
eas
onf
ora
nyl
awy
ert
ofa
ilt
odi
scha
rgehi
s

21
Mahar
a jBa
kshSi
ngh,
AIR1987P&H
22
B.
L.
Wa dehr
av.St
ate,
AIR2000Del
hi266

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 15

obl
i
gat
iont
owa
rdst
hecl
i
entt
oappea
rinaca
se.

Pr
inci
pl
eII
I
:Wher
eal
awy
erha
sde
cidednott
oappea
rforacl
i
entduet
oas
tri
keca
ll
,
hemus
tret
urnt
hecl
i
ent
sfeesa
ndbr
iefwi
ths
uff
ici
enta
ndr
eas
ona
blenot
icet
othe
cl
i
entt
oena
blet
hel
at
tert
oma
kea
lter
nat
ivea
rra
ngement
s.

Pr
inci
pl
eIV:Wher
ethel
awy
erha
ssuf
fi
ci
entca
uset
obel
i
evet
hat
,beca
useoft
he
s
tri
keorot
her
wis
e,t
hecl
i
entwi
l
lbeuna
blet
oma
kea
lter
nat
ivea
rra
ngement
s,i
tishi
s
pr
ofes
siona
ldut
ytoa
ppea
rint
hatca
sedes
pit
etheca
llf
ora`
str
ike'
.

Pr
inci
pl
eV:Wher
eal
awy
erus
eshi
spr
ofes
siona
ljudgmentt
oappea
rinaca
sedur
ing
as
tri
keca
ll
,nooneca
nint
imi
dat
e,coer
ceort
hre
atenhi
mnott
odos
o.

Pr
inci
pl
eVI
:Wher
eal
awy
eri
gnor
esas
tri
keca
llt
oappea
rinaca
se,nopr
ofes
siona
l
bodys
hal
lta
kea
nydi
sci
pl
ina
ryorpuni
ti
ves
tepst
ovi
cti
mis
etha
tla
wyerf
orbr
eaki
ng
t
hes
tri
keca
ll-noteven,per
haps
,toi
ssueanot
icet
oel
i
citi
nfor
mat
ionbywa
yofa
n
expl
ana
tion.Thes
e`pr
inc
ipl
es'
,whi
cha
ris
eoutoft
hel
awy
er-
cl
ientr
ela
tions
hip,a
ret
o
ber
eada
long wi
tht
hepr
inci
pl
espr
otect
ing t
hepubl
i
cint
eres
tint
hecont
inued
f
unct
ioni
ngofcour
ts,whi
chi
ncl
ude:

Pr
inci
pl
eVI
I
:Cour
tsa
rei
nst
it
utedt
odi
spens
ejus
tice;a
ndca
nnotbepr
event
edf
rom
doi
ngs
o byas
tri
keca
llbyl
awy
ers
.Norca
njudgeswho a
remember
sofaBa
r
a
ssoci
ati
on or l
awy
ers
'col
l
ect
ivi
ty be i
nti
mida
ted,coer
ced or t
hrea
tened by
di
sci
pl
ina
rya
cti
onorot
her
wis
e,i
ftheydeci
det
ohol
dcour
tdur
ingas
tri
keca
ll
.

Pr
inci
pl
eVI
I
I
:Inr
areci
rcums
tances
,wher
ethec
our
tsma
y,s
ubs
il
ent
io,f
eelt
hata
s
tri
kei
sjus
tif
ied;a
nd/
ori
tisas
ymbol
i
cone-
dayors
hor
tdur
ati
ons
tri
ke,t
heCour
ts
ma
yagr
eet
oan`
arr
angement
'ofper
mit
ti
nga
djour
nment
sthr
oughpr
oxycouns
el
23
a
ppoi
ntedbyt
heBa
r.

Pr
inci
pl
eIX:I
ntheeventofacouns
elwi
shi
ngt
oar
gueama
tter
,ort
heCour
tta
king

23
Thefi
rstpar
tofthi
sprinci
pl
ef l
owsf rom theCommonCa usecase(1995);a
nd,thesecondpar
tf r
om
t
hepracti
ceofvar
iouscourts
,incl
udingt heSupremeCourt,t
oper mi
tproxycounseli
ns omecases.I
t
i
snotclea
rinwhatcasesthi
slatt
erindulgenceof`pr
oxy'counsel
wouldnotbeper mi
tt
ed.

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 16

t
hevi
ew t
hati
tisi
nthei
nter
estofj
ust
icet
odos
o,t
heCour
tsha
llpr
oceedt
ohea
r
a
nddeci
det
hema
tter
.

Pr
inci
pl
eX:TheCour
tswi
l
lnotnor
mal
l
yrevi
ew adeci
si
oni
naca
sewher
ela
wyer
sdi
d
nota
ppea
rbeca
useofas
tri
ke,butwher
etheCour
tdeci
dedt
hema
tteront
he
i
nsi
stenceof
,anda
rgument
sby
,apa
rtyi
nper
son.I
tishy
pocr
it
ica
ltha
tadvoca
tes
,
whor
epr
esentt
heel
i
teofs
oci
ety&whoa
res
uppos
edt
obet
hedef
ender
sofl
ega
l
va
lues
,shoul
dopenl
yfl
outt
hel
aw bydef
yingt
hever
dict
soft
heSupr
emeCour
t.
Such conduct i
ssy
mpt
oma
tic of t
he ut
ter l
awl
ess
nes
stha
t our Soci
ety ha
s
degener
atedi
ntoi
nal
lwa
lksofl
i
fer
uest
hea
uthora
ndcl
ai
mst
hats
ter
nact
ionought
t
obet
akena
gai
nstt
heper
pet
rat
orsf
orcont
emptofcour
t.

24
Thi
ssent
imentwa
sfut nRa
herechoedi monSer
vicesPvt
.Lt
dv.Subhas
hKapoor
wher
eitwa
sobs
erved“Abs
tai
ni
ngf
rom t
hecour
tsbyt
heAdvoca
tes
,bya
ndl
ar
ge,
doesnotonl
yaf
fectt
heper
sonsbel
ongi
ngt
othel
ega
lpr
ofes
sionbuta
lsoha
mper
s
t
hepr
oces
sofj
ust
ices
omet
imesur
gent
lyneededbyt
hecons
umer
sofj
ust
ice
,the
l
i
ti
gant
s.Lega
lpr
ofes
sioni
ses
sent
ial
l
yas
ervi
ceor
ient
edpr
ofes
sion.Ther
ela
tions
hip
bet
weent
hel
awy
era
ndhi
scl
i
enti
soneoft
rus
tandconf
idence.Wi
tht
hes
tri
keby
t
hel
awy
ers
,thepr
oces
sofcour
tint
endedt
osecur
ejus
ticei
sobs
truct
edwhi
chi
s
unwa
rra
ntedundert
hepr
ovi
si
onsoft
heAdvoca
tesAct
.La
wisnot
radea
ndbr
ief
s
oft
hel
i
ti
gant
snotmer
cha
ndi
se”.

25
Fi
nal
l
yin Ex-
Capt
.Har
ish Uppalv.Uni
on ofI
ndi
a, at
hree j
udge bench oft
he
Supr
emeCour
tdecl
ar
edt
hel
awi
ncer
tai
nont
ermsa
gai
nstl
awy
ersgoi
ngons
tri
ke.
TheBenchf
urt
herdecl
ar
edt
hatt
hel
awy
erscoul
dvent
il
atet
hei
rgr
ieva
ncesby"
givi
ng
pr
esss
tat
ement
s,TV i
nter
views
,ca
rry
ing outofCour
tpr
emi
sesba
nner
sand/
or
pl
aca
rds
,wea
ringbl
ackorwhi
teora
nycol
oura
rm ba
nds
,pea
cef
ulpr
otes
tma
rches
out
sidea
nda
wayf
rom Cour
tpr
emi
ses
,goi
ngondha
rna
sorr
ela
yfa
stset
c"butnot
byhol
di
ngs
tri
kea
nda
bst
aini
ngf
roma
ppea
ringi
nacour
t.

Thema
inj
udgment
,del
i
ver
edbyJus
ticeVa
ria
va,cl
ar
if
iedt
hati
twa
sfort
heCour
tto
dec
ide whet
herornott
he i
ssue i
nvol
ved t
he di
gni
ty ort
he i
ntegr
it
y ort
he
24
RamonServi
cesPvt
.Ltdv.Subha
shKa poor,(
2001)1SCC118.
25
Ex-
Capt
.Hari
shUppal
v.UnionofIndi
a,1994SCCSupl.(
2)195.

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 17

i
ndependenceoft
heBa
rand/
ort
heBench."
Ther
efor
e,i
nsuchca
sest
hePr
esi
dentof
t
he Ba
rmus
tfi
rstcons
ultt
he Chi
efJus
tice ort
he Di
str
ictJudge bef
oret
he
a
dvoca
tesdeci
det
oabs
entt
hems
elvesf
rom Cour
t.Thedeci
si
onoft
heChi
efJus
tice
ort
heDi
str
ictJudgewoul
dbef
ina
landha
vet
obea
bidedbyt
heBa
r,"t
heBench
r
ule
d.La
wye
rs(
bar
ri
ngt
hos
eint
heSupr
emeCour
tandi
naf
ew Hi
ghCour
ts)s
truck
wor
konDecember18i
nres
pons
etot
heca
llf
rom t
heBa
rCounci
lofI
ndi
atopr
otes
t
a
gai
nstt
hea
mendment
sint
roducedt
otheLega
lSer
vicesAut
hor
it
yActt
osetup
Per
manentLokAda
lat
s(peopl
e'
scour
ts)a
ndt
otr
ans
fer80percentoft
heca
ses
f
romt
her
egul
arcour
tst
othes
eada
lat
s,whos
edeci
si
onswoul
dbebi
ndi
ng.

TheBenchnot
edt
hatl
awy
ersca
nnotdi
sruptcour
tpr
oceedi
ngsa
ndputt
hei
nter
est
oft
hei
rcl
i
ent
sinj
eopa
rdy
.TheBenchnot
edt
hateveni
ftheBa
rCounci
l
s,ona
compl
ai
ntf
rom acl
i
ent
,donott
akedi
sci
pl
ina
rya
cti
ona
gai
nsta
nadvoca
tef
ornon-
a
ppea
ranceowi
ngt
oaca
llf
ors
tri
keorboy
cot
t,t
heSupr
emeCour
t,ona
nappea
l,
ca
nand wi
l
l.Apa
rtf
rom t
his
,theBench ci
ted t
heSupr
emeCour
t'
sjudgmenti
n
26
RamonSer
vicesPvt
.Lt
d.v.Subhas
hKapoor a
nds
aidever
ycour
tshoul
dandmus
t
mul
ct,wi
thcos
ts,a
dvoca
teswhohol
dva
kal
ats(
powerofa
ttor
ney
)butdonota
ttend
cour
tsi
nres
pons
etoas
tri
keca
ll
.Suchcos
tswoul
dbei
naddi
ti
ont
otheda
mages
t
hea
dvoca
tesma
yha
vet
opa
yfort
hel
osss
uff
eredbyhi
sorhercl
i
entbeca
useof
hi
sorhernon-
appea
rance
.Ther
ear
eremedi
esa
vai
l
abl
etoacl
i
ent
,ifheors
hef
eel
s
t
hatt
hea
dvoca
teha
svi
ol
atedt
hecont
ractbygoi
ngons
tri
ke.

Ther
ightoft
hea
dvoca
tet
opr
act
ice,t
heBenchs
ays
,envel
opsal
otofa
ctst
obe
per
for
medbyhi
mindi
scha
rgeofhi
spr
ofes
siona
ldut
ies
.Theyi
ncl
udecons
ult
ati
onby
hi
scl
i
ent
s,gi
vi
ngl
ega
lopi
ni
onwheneveri
tiss
ought
,dr
aft
ingi
nst
rument
s,pl
eadi
ngs
,
a
ffi
davi
ts,or ot
her document
s,pa
rti
ci
pat
ing i
nany conf
erence i
nvol
vi
ng l
ega
l
di
scus
sions
,wor
kingi
nanyof
fi
ceorf
ir
masal
ega
lof
fi
cer
,appea
ringf
orcl
i
ent
s
bef
orea
nar
bit
rat
ora
nds
oon.A ca
llf
oras
tri
kea
ndboy
cot
tofcour
ts,i
twoul
d
a
ppea
r,a
ffect
s onl
y one a
spectoft
he l
awy
er'
s pr
ofes
siona
ldut
ies
,tha
tis
,hi
s
a
ppea
rancei
ncour
t.

Ont
hegr
ieva
ncet
hats
tri
kesi
nter
fer
ewi
tha
dmi
ni
str
ati
onofj
ust
ice
,theBenchhel
d

26
(
2001)1SCC118

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 18

t
hatcour
tsa
reundernoobl
i
gat
iont
oadj
our
nma
tter
sbeca
usel
awy
ersa
reons
tri
ke.
"
Ont
hecont
rar
y,i
tist
hedut
yofa
llcour
tst
ogoonwi
thma
tter
sont
hei
rboa
rds
eveni
nthea
bsenceofl
awy
ers
.Inot
herwor
ds,cour
tsmus
tnotbepr
ivyt
ost
ri
kesor
ca
ll
sforboy
cot
ts,
"theBenchr
uled.Mor
eimpor
tant
,theBenchma
dei
tcl
eart
hatno
t
hre
atorcoer
cion ofa
nyna
tur
e,i
ncl
udi
ngt
het
hrea
tofexpul
si
on f
rom t
heBa
r
Counci
lora
nyl
awy
ers
'as
soci
ati
on,ca
nbehel
douta
gai
nsta
nadvoca
tewhodef
iesa
s
tri
keca
ll
.Wi
ths
uchs
afegua
rdsa
gai
nstt
hemi
sus
eoft
heca
llf
ors
tri
ke,wa
sit
nec
ess
aryf
ort
heBencht
oba
nst
ri
kesbyl
awy
ers
?TheBenchf
elti
tha
dnoopt
ion
butt
oba
nst
ri
kesf
ort
wor
eas
ons
:

One,s
tri
keswer
eres
ort
edt
oont
hes
li
ght
estpr
etence
.La
wyer
scont
endedt
hatt
he
r
espons
eshoul
dha
vebe
ent
oli
mitt
hegr
oundsa
nddur
ati
onofas
tri
ke,r
athert
han
depr
ivet
hel
awy
erst
hei
rri
ghtt
ost
ri
ke.Mer
elybeca
useadema
ndoft
hel
awy
ersi
s
f
oundt
obenotl
ega
ll
yva
li
dla
wyer
sdonotl
oset
hei
rri
ghtt
opur
suet
hedema
nda
ny
27
f
urt
her
,theyf
elt
.

Secondl
y,t
heBenchci
tedt
hef
ail
ureoft
heBa
rCounci
lofI
ndi
a(BCI
)toi
ncor
por
ate
cer
tai
ncl
aus
esf
ors
elf
-regul
ati
oni
nthei
rdi
sci
pl
ina
ryr
ulest
oens
uret
hatt
heca
llf
or
s
tri
kesi
snota
bus
ed.TheCour
tha
dsugges
tedt
hes
enor
msi
nanI
nter
im Or
der(
I
.O.
)
i
tha
dis
suedi
nanot
herr
ela
tedca
sei
n1995.I
ntha
tor
der
,theCour
tha
dsoughtt
o
pr
otectt
her
ightofal
awy
ernott
opa
rti
ci
pat
einas
tri
ke,a
nda
ppea
rint
heCour
t
dur
ingt
hes
tri
ke,wi
thoutf
earofa
nya
dver
seorpena
lcons
equencesf
romt
hos
ewho
i
ssuedt
heca
llf
oras
tri
ke.TheCour
tha
dthenma
dei
tcl
eart
hatot
herf
ormsof
pr
otes
tsucha
swea
ringofa
rm ba
ndsbyt
hel
awy
ersi
nthecour
troom,whi
chwoul
d
notdi
sruptt
hecour
tpr
oceedi
ngs
,shoul
dnotbepr
ecl
uded.TheDecember17,2002
j
udgmentgoesf
arbey
ondt
heI
.
O.,a
ndnega
test
heexer
cis
eofademocr
ati
cri
ght
,in
28
apea
cef
ulma
nner
.

TheBa
rCounci
lofI
ndi
a,whi
chdes
cri
bedt
hej
udgmenta
simpr
act
ica
l,ha
dfi
l
eda
pet
it
ioni
ntheSupr
emeCour
tfori
tsr
evi
ew.But
,theSupr
emeCour
tini
tsj
udgment
onSept
ember30,2005,r
eit
era
tedt
hatl
awy
ersdonotha
vear
ightt
ogoonas
tri
ke

27
V.VENKATESAN,Ar i
ghtcurt
ail
ed(Apr2,2015)
.
http:
//www.
front
li
ne.
i
n/st
ati
c/html
/fl
2001/st
ori
es/
20030117002803600.
htm
28
I
d.

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 19

orgi
veaca
llf
orboy
cot
t.

CONCLUSI
ON

I
nconcl
usi
oni
tishel
dtha
tla
wyer
sha
venor
ightt
ogoons
tri
keorgi
veaca
llf
or
boy
cot
t,notevenonat
okens
tri
ke.Thepr
otes
t,i
fanyi
srequi
red,ca
nonl
ybeby
gi
vi
ng pr
esss
tat
ement
s,TV i
nter
views
,ca
rry
ing outofCour
tpr
emi
ses ba
nner
s
a
nd/
orpl
aca
rds
,wea
ringbl
ackorwhi
teora
nycol
oura
rm ba
nds
,pea
cef
ulpr
otes
t
ma
rche
sout
sidea
nda
wayf
rom Cour
tpr
emi
ses
,goi
ngondha
rma
‟sorr
ela
yfa
sts

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 20

et
c.I
tishel
dtha
tla
wyer
shol
di
ngVa
kal
atsonbeha
lfoft
hei
rcl
i
ent
sca
nnotnot
a
tte
ndCour
tsi
npur
sua
ncet
oaca
llf
ors
tri
keorboy
cot
t.Al
ll
awy
ersmus
tbol
dl
y
r
efus
etoa
bidebya
nyca
llf
ors
tri
keorboy
cot
t.Nol
awy
erca
nbevi
si
tedwi
tha
ny
a
dver
secons
equencesbyt
heAs
soci
ati
onort
heCounci
landnot
hrea
torcoer
cionof
a
nyna
tur
eincl
udi
ngt
hatofexpul
si
onca
nbehel
dout
.

I
tishel
dtha
tnoBa
rCounci
lorBa
rAs
soci
ati
onca
nper
mitca
ll
ingofameet
ingf
or
pur
pos
esofcons
ider
ingaca
llf
ors
tri
keorboy
cot
tandr
equi
si
ti
on,i
fany
,fors
uch
mee
tingmus
tbei
gnor
ed.I
tishel
dtha
tonl
yint
her
ares
tofr
areca
seswher
ethe
di
gni
ty,i
ntegr
it
yandi
nde
pendenceoft
heBa
rand/
ort
heBencha
rea
tst
ake
,Cour
ts
ma
yignor
e(t
urnabl
i
ndey
e)t
oapr
otes
tabs
tent
ionf
rom wor
kfornotmor
etha
n
oneda
y.I
tisbei
ngcl
ar
if
iedt
hati
twi
l
lbef
ort
heCour
ttodeci
dewhet
herornott
he
i
ssuei
nvol
vesdi
gni
tyori
ntegr
it
yori
ndependenceoft
heBa
rand/
ort
heBench.
Ther
efor
eins
uchca
sest
hePr
esi
dentoft
heBa
rmus
tfi
rstcons
ultt
heChi
efJus
tice
ort
heDi
str
ictJudgebef
oreAdvoca
tedeci
det
oabs
entt
hems
elvesf
rom Cour
t.The
dec
isi
onoft
heChi
efJus
ticeort
heDi
str
ictJudgewoul
dbef
ina
landha
vet
obe
a
bidedbyt
heBa
r.I
tishel
dtha
tCour
tsa
reundernoobl
i
gat
iont
oadj
our
nma
tter
s
bec
aus
ela
wyer
sar
eons
tri
ke.Ont
hecont
rar
y,i
tist
hedut
yofa
llCour
tst
ogoon
wi
thma
tter
sont
hei
rboa
rdseveni
nthea
bsenc
eofl
awy
ers
.Inot
herwor
ds,Cour
ts
mus
tnotbepr
ivyt
ost
ri
kesorca
ll
sforboy
cot
ts.I
tishel
dtha
tifal
awy
er,hol
di
nga
Va
kal
atofacl
i
ent
,abs
tai
nsf
rom a
ttendi
ngCour
tduet
oas
tri
keca
ll
,hes
hal
lbe
per
sona
ll
yli
abl
etopa
ycos
tswhi
chs
hal
lbea
ddi
ti
ont
oda
mageswhi
chhemi
ghtha
ve
t
opa
yhi
scl
i
entf
orl
osss
uff
eredbyhi
m.

REFERENCES

Ar
ti
cl
es
1.B.AHMED,ACr
it
icalAppr
ais
aloft
heRi
ghtt
oSt
ri
kei
nNi
ger
ia(
Mar
.30,2017)
.
ht
tp:
//www.
i
jhs
snet
.com/
jour
nal
s/Vol
_4_No_11_1_Sept
ember
_2014/
32.
pdf

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes
 21

2.Huma
nRi
ght
s(Ma
r.30,2017)
.

ht
tp:
//www.
ency
clopedi
a.
com/
topi
c/huma
n_r
ight
s.a
spx

3.Huma
nri
ght
swat
ch(
Mar
.30,2017)
.

ht
tps
://
www.
hrw.
org/
sit
es/
def
aul
t/
fil
es

4.Ri
ghtToSt
ri
ke-ALegi
ti
mat
eIl
l
egal
i
ty(
Apr
.2,2017)
.

ht
tp:
//www.
l
ega
lser
vices
indi
a.
com/
art
icl
es/
legi
l
l.
htm

5.JUSTI
CEPANA CHAND JAI
N( ,La
RETD.
) wyer
sandt
heBoycot
tofCour
ts
(
Mar
.30,2017)
.

ht
tp:
//www.
ebc
-i
ndi
a.
com/
lawy
er/
art
icl
es/
95v5a
3.ht
m

6.V.VENKATESAN,Ar
ightcur
tai
l
ed(
Apr2,2017)
.

ht
tp:
//www.
fr
ont
li
ne.
i
n/s
tat
ic/
html
/fl
2001/
stor
ies
/20030117002803600.
htm

Ri
ghtt
oSt
ri
keofAdvoca
tes