Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 3

PAA poly(acrylic acid)

PARAMETER UNIT VALUE REFERENCES

GENERAL
Common name - poly(acrylic acid)
IUPAC name - poly(acrylic acid)
CAS name - 2-propenoic acid, homopolymer
Acronym - PAA
CAS number - 9003-01-4
RETECS number - AT4680000

HISTORY
Person to discover - Fikentscher, H; Wappes, H; Eifaender, L; Schoeller, C; Fikentscher, H; Wappes, H; Eif-
Schneevoigt, A aender, L; Schoeller, C; Schnee-
voigt, A, US Patent 1,976,679, IG
Farben, Oct. 9, 1934.
Date - 1934
Details - production of dispersions using PAA

SYNTHESIS
Monomer(s) structure - H2C=CHCOOH
Monomer(s) CAS number(s) - 79-10-7
Monomer(s) molecular weight(s) dalton, g/ 72.06
mol, amu
Monomer ratio - 100%
Heat of polymerization -1 1033-1075 McCurdy, K G; Laidler, K J, Ca. J.
Jg
Chem., 42, 818, 1964.
Number average molecular dalton, g/ 45,000-3,000,000
weight, Mn mol, amu
Molar volume at 298K cm3 53.3
mol-1
Van der Waals volume cm3 36.48
mol-1

STRUCTURE
Spacing between crystallites nm 0.287-0.479 (crystalline, isotactic) Miller, M L; O’Donnell, K; Skog-
man, J, J. Coll. Sci., 17, 649-59,
1962.
Tacticity % atactic (can be produced in isotactic form from its butyl ester) Miller, M L; O’Donnell, K; Skog-
man, J, J. Coll. Sci., 17, 649-59,
1962.
Entanglement molecular weight dalton, g/ calc.=4,785
mol, amu

COMMERCIAL POLYMERS
Some manufacturers - Lubrizol
Trade names - Carbopol

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Density at 20oC g cm-3 1.22-1.44
Color - white
Refractive index, 20oC - calc.=1.4905-1.5112; exp.=1.492-1.527
Odor acetic

244 HANDBOOK OF POLYMERS / Copyrights 2012; ChemTec Publishing


PAA poly(acrylic acid)
PARAMETER UNIT VALUE REFERENCES

Melting temperature, DSC o 179


C
Thermal conductivity, melt W m-1 0.1888
K-1
Glass transition temperature o calc.=70-101; exp.=105-106
C
Surface tension mN m-1 54.7-61.7

MECHANICAL & RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES


Tensile strength MPa 0.084 Ponchel, G; Touchard, F; Duch-
eme, D; Peppas, N A, J. Controlled
Release, 5, 129-141, 1987.
Tensile modulus MPa 1.09 Ponchel, G; Touchard, F; Duch-
eme, D; Peppas, N A, J. Controlled
Release, 5, 129-141, 1987.
Poisson’s ratio - 0.400

CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
Alcohols - poor
Alkalis - poor
Aliphatic hydrocarbons - good
Aromatic hydrocarbons - good
Ketones - good
4 solvent - dioxane
Good solvent - DMF, dioxane, ethanol, methanol, water
Non-solvent - acetone, aliphatic hydrocarbons, benzene, diethyl ether

FLAMMABILITY
Autoignition temperature o 520
C
Volatile products of combustion - CO, CO2

TOXICITY
NFPA: Health, Flammability, - 1/1/0
Reactivity rating
Carcinogenic effect - not listed by ACGIH, NIOSH, NTP
TLV, ACGIH mg m-3 1
NIOSH -3 1
mg m
MAK/TRK -3 0.05 (Netherlands)
mg m
-1 2,500
Oral rat, LD50 mg kg

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Aquatic toxicity, Daphnia magna, mg l-1 168-280
LC50, 9 h
Aquatic toxicity, Bluegill sunsh, mg l-1 580-2000
LC50, 48 h

PROCESSING
Typical processing methods - compounding
Additives used in nal products - Filler: calcium carbonate, kaolin, metal oxide

HANDBOOK OF POLYMERS / Copyrights 2012; ChemTec Publishing 245


PAA poly(acrylic acid)
PARAMETER UNIT VALUE REFERENCES

Applications - bioadhesives, binder for ceramic, dental cements, dispersants


for pigments and llers, hydraulic uids, ion exchange resins,
paper, pharmaceutical (viscosity modier in creams an gels),
polyelectrolytes, rheology modiers, suspending agents, thick-
eners, toothpaste

BLENDS
Suitable polymers - chitosan, CR, PA6, PANI, PVAC, PVDF

246 HANDBOOK OF POLYMERS / Copyrights 2012; ChemTec Publishing

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi