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1. Convert the following temperatures into the Kelvin scale: (a) 51°C (b) - 78°C (c) 183°C
2. Convert the following temperatures into the Celsius scale: (a) 307 K (b) 237 K (c) 415 K
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EXERCISE 117, Page 256
1. Determine the quantity of heat energy (in megajoules) required to raise the temperature of 10 kg
of water from 0°C to 50°C. Assume the specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/(kg °C).
2. Some copper, having a mass of 20 kg, cools from a temperature of 120°C to 70°C. If the
specific heat capacity of copper is 390 J/(kg °C), how much heat energy is lost by the copper ?
3. A block of aluminium having a specific heat capacity of 950 J/(kg °C) is heated from 60°C to its
melting point at 660°C. If the quantity of heat required is 2.85 MJ, determine the mass of the
aluminium block.
2850000
from which, mass, m = kg = 5 kg
950 × 600
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4. 20.8 kJ of heat energy is required to raise the temperature of 2 kg of lead from 16°C to 96°C.
i.e. 20800 = 2 × c × 80
20800
from which, specific heat capacity of lead, c = = 130 J/(kg °C)
2 × 80
the specific heat capacity of iron is 500 J/(kg °C) determine its final temperature.
250 ×103
from which, (t 2 - 15) = = 50
10 × 500
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EXERCISE 118, Page 257
1. Some ice, initially at - 40°C, has heat supplied to it at a constant rate until it becomes
superheated steam at 150°C. Sketch a typical temperature/time graph expected and use it to
See Section 21.4 and Figure 21.1 on page 256/257 of textbook. Just replace the - 30°C at A with -
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EXERCISE 119, Page 259
1. How much heat is needed to melt completely 25 kg of ice at 0°C. Assume the specific latent heat
= 8375 kJ or 8.375 MJ
2. Determine the heat energy required to change 8 kg of water at 100°C to superheated steam at
100°C. Assume the specific latent heat of vaporisation of water is 2260 kJ/kg.
= 18080 kJ or 18.08 MJ
3. Calculate the heat energy required to convert 10 kg of ice initially at - 30°C completely into
water at 0°C. Assume the specific heat capacity of ice is 2.1 kJ/(kg °C) and the specific latent
The quantity of heat needed to raise the temperature of ice from - 30°C to 0°C
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4. Determine the heat energy needed to convert completely 5 kg of water at 60°C to steam at
100°C, given that the specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 kJ/(kg °C) and the specific latent heat
= 12140 kJ or 12.14 MJ
Answers found from within the text of the chapter, pages 253 to 261.
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b) 11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (d)
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