Chapter 7 and 8 Review

Chapter 7 Review
7.1 Ratios and Proportions
7.2 Similar Polygons
7.3 Proving Triangles Similar
7.4 Similarity in Right Triangles
7.5 Proportions in Triangles
7.1 Ratios and Proportions
Warm Up

Simplify Each Ratio

A ratio is a comparison of two quantities
Ex.

A proportion shows that two ratios are

equal
Ex.
Solving for the Variable

Cross Multiply and Solve

7.2 Similar Polygons
 E

Two Polygons are Similar if the corresponding angles are

congruent and the corresponding sides are proportional.
The ratio of the lengths of corresponding sides is the
Similarity Ratio. F
G

C B
Use Similar Figures to find x and y

18
12

2y
x=9
y = 12

16
Examples

x = 63

x = 12

x = 12
7.3 Proving Triangles Similar
 Angle-Angle Similarity (AA~) E

B
If two angles of
one triangle are
congruent to
two angles of
the other
triangle then
the triangles are
SIMILAR
A C F
D
 Side-Angle-Side Similarity (SAS~)
If an angle of one
The proportion is 5:3 triangle is congruent to
the angle of the other
triangle and the two
20
sides surrounding the
12 angle are proportional
then the triangles are
SIMILAR

10 6
Side-Side-Side Similarity (SSS~)
The proportion is 2:3
If the
corresponding
sides of two
triangles are
proportional, 12 12
then the 8 18
triangles are
SIMILAR

10 15
Examples: Are the triangles similar if so what
theorem is used? 30

60
40 22
8 8
32

10

SSS
10
45

SAS
3
6
4 NOT
10
SIMILAR
7.4 Similarity in Right Triangles
 Y Leg 2
------- = --------
X Leg 1

36
48
 Geometric Mean:
Of any 2 positive numbers (a and b) is a
positive x, such that a x
--- = ---
X b

Example: What is the geometric mean of 2 and 18? A = 2 and b

= 18
(Cross multiply)
7.5 Proportions in Triangles
Theorem 7-4:
If a line is parallel to one side of a triangle
and intersects the other 2 sides, then it Q
divides those sides proportionally.

If: RS || XY
Then: QR QS
R S
----- = -----
RX SY

Y
X
Solve:
6
X+4

5
X
If a ray bisects an angle of a triangle, then it
divides the opposite side into 2 segments that
are proportional to the other 2 sides of the
triangle

Then: A C
If: --- = ---
A B B D

C D
Corollary to Theorem 7-4:
If 3 parallel lines intersect 2 transversals,
then the segments intersected on the
transversals are proportional

If: AD||BE||CF
A D
Then: AB DE
---- = ---- x B E 15
BC EF

30 C F 26
 Chapter 8 Review
8.1 The Pythagorean Theorem and Its
Converse
8.2 Special Right Triangles
8.3 The Tangent Ratio
8.4 Sine and Cosine Ratios
8.5 The Angle of Elevation and
Depression
 Warm-up

25 ft

25/tan(30)=? 30

A lifeguard stand is 25 feet high.

If the person in the water is
looking at the stand their angle
of elevation is 30 degrees. Using
Sine, Cosine or Tangent find how
43.3 feet away
far away the stand is from the
drowning person?
 8.1 Pythagorean Theorem

In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the lengths of the

legs is equal to the square of the length of the hypotenuse.
Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem
If the square of the length of one side of a triangle is equal to the
sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the triangle is a
right triangle.
Examples: Which triangles are right triangles?

.7
.6 45
Not right
36
Right

1.0

27
8.2 Special Right Triangles
Theorem 8-5: 45, 45, 90 Triangle Theorem
- In a 45, 45, 90 triangle, both
legs are congruent and the
length of the hypotenuse is
√2 times the length of a leg

Y X
a
a√2

5
Y 20

X
Theorem 8-6: 30, 60, 90 Triangle Theorem
- In a 30, 60, 90 triangle, the length of the hypotenuse is 2
times the length of the shorter leg. The length of the longer
leg is √3 times the length of the shorter leg.
60

2a a
h
L

30

a√3 S
Solve for N and M:
60

12

30

M
8.3 The Tangent Ratio and
8.4 Sine and Cosine Ratios
Sine- opposite / hypotenuse
SOH

Cosine-adjacent / hypotenuse
CAH

Tangent-opposite / adjacent
TOA
Examples:
5

43° x=20.9°
x=9.14 x
x°
12 14
x x=17.9

56 °

10
8.5 The Angle of Elevation and
Depression
You sight a rock climber on a cliff at a 32° angle of
elevation. The horizontal ground distance to the cliff is
1000 ft. Find the light of sight distance to the rock
climber.

x = 1179 ft
x

cos (32) = 1000 ft

x
cos (32) * x = 1000 ft
32° x = 1000 ft
cos (32)
x = 1179 ft
1000 ft
Examples

● The angle of depression of a vehicle on the ground from the top of a tower is 60. If the
vehicle is at a distance of 100 meters away from the building, find the height of the
tower.
57.74 ft

● John wants to measure the height of a tree. He walks exactly 100 feet from the base of
the tree and looks up. The angle from the ground to the top of the tree is 33º . How tall
is the tree?
64.94 ft

● An 8 foot metal guy wire is attached to a broken stop sign to secure its position until
repairs can be made. Attached to a stake in the ground, the guy wire makes an angle of
51º with the ground. How far from the foot of the stop sign is the stake?
5.03 ft
Across
2. a comparison of two quantities
9. In a right triangle, the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs is equal to the square of
the length of the hypotenuse.
11. If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, then the triangles are similar
12. Similarity If an angle of one triangle is congruent to the angle of the other triangle and the
two sides surrounding the angle are proportional then the triangles are similar
13. opposite / hypotenuse

Down
1. shows that two ratios are equal
3. Similarity If two angles of one triangle are congruent to two angles of the other triangle then
the triangles are similar
4. Angle c^2<a^2+b^2
8. opposite / adjacent
10. is from the horizontal sight line and above