Homework Ch.

4 #1

Solve y’+x*y=4 with initial condition y(1) = 2 using Heun,s method from x=1 to x=5 with h(step)=0.1 &
h=0.01 give sample calculation to obtain y(1.01)=? By hand

Solution :

Table 1 : for h set to 0.1 33 4.3 0.993 -0.27093 -0.25104

34 4.4 0.967 -0.25542 -0.23719
Index x y k1 k2
35 4.5 0.943 -0.24129 -0.22455
0 1 2.000 2 1.58
36 4.6 0.919 -0.2284 -0.21297
1 1.1 2.179 1.6031 1.192828
37 4.7 0.897 -0.2166 -0.20235
2 1.2 2.319 1.217444 0.827297 38 4.8 0.876 -0.20577 -0.19256
3 1.3 2.421 0.852656 0.491181 39 4.9 0.856 -0.1958 -0.18353
4 1.4 2.488 0.516485 0.190189 40 5 0.837 -0.18659 -0.17516
5 1.5 2.524 0.214661 -0.07204
6 1.6 2.531 -0.0491 -0.29383
Table 2. for h set to 0.01
7 1.7 2.514 -0.27302 -0.47523
8 1.8 2.476 -0.45704 -0.61781 Index x y k1 k2
9 1.9 2.422 -0.60254 -0.72427 0 1 2.000 2 1.9598
10 2 2.356 -0.7121 -0.79816 1 1.01 2.020 1.960003 1.919813
11 2.1 2.281 -0.78912 -0.84357 2 1.02 2.039 1.920018 1.87985
12 2.2 2.199 -0.83758 -0.86483 3 1.03 2.058 1.880057 1.839922
13 2.3 2.114 -0.86169 -0.86627 4 1.04 2.077 1.840131 1.800041
14 2.4 2.027 -0.86572 -0.85203 5 1.05 2.095 1.800252 1.760219
15 2.5 1.941 -0.85374 -0.82592 6 1.06 2.113 1.760431 1.720467
16 2.6 1.858 -0.82953 -0.79131
7 1.07 2.130 1.720681 1.680795
17 2.7 1.776 -0.79647 -0.75111
8 1.08 2.147 1.681011 1.641215
18 2.8 1.699 -0.75746 -0.7077
9 1.09 2.164 1.641432 1.601738
19 2.9 1.626 -0.71492 -0.66303
10 1.1 2.180 1.601957 1.562375
20 3 1.557 -0.67081 -0.61855
11 1.11 2.196 1.562594 1.523135
21 3.1 1.492 -0.62665 -0.57537
12 1.12 2.211 1.523356 1.484029
22 3.2 1.432 -0.58358 -0.53423
13 1.13 2.226 1.484251 1.445067
23 3.3 1.376 -0.54237 -0.49561
14 1.14 2.241 1.445291 1.40626
24 3.4 1.325 -0.50356 -0.45977
15 1.15 2.255 1.406484 1.367617
25 3.5 1.276 -0.46744 -0.4268
16 1.16 2.269 1.367842 1.329148
26 3.6 1.232 -0.43412 -0.39666
17 1.17 2.283 1.329374 1.290861
27 3.7 1.190 -0.40359 -0.36924
18 1.18 2.296 1.291089 1.252768
28 3.8 1.152 -0.37577 -0.34437
19 1.19 2.308 1.252996 1.214876
29 3.9 1.116 -0.35049 -0.32185
20 1.2 2.321 1.215105 1.177194
30 4 1.082 -0.32758 -0.30146
21 1.21 2.333 1.177424 1.139732
31 4.1 1.050 -0.30681 -0.283
22 1.22 2.344 1.139962 1.102497
32 4.2 1.021 -0.288 -0.26625
23 1.23 2.356 1.102728 1.065499
24 1.24 2.366 1.06573 1.028745 65 1.65 2.529 -0.17262 -0.19504
25 1.25 2.377 1.028976 0.992243 66 1.66 2.527 -0.19485 -0.21687
26 1.26 2.387 0.992474 0.956 67 1.67 2.525 -0.21668 -0.23829
27 1.27 2.397 0.956232 0.920025 68 1.68 2.523 -0.23811 -0.25931
28 1.28 2.406 0.920257 0.884325 69 1.69 2.520 -0.25914 -0.27993
29 1.29 2.415 0.884557 0.848907 70 1.7 2.518 -0.27976 -0.30015
30 1.3 2.424 0.849139 0.813778 71 1.71 2.515 -0.29997 -0.31996
31 1.31 2.432 0.814009 0.778944 72 1.72 2.512 -0.31979 -0.33937
32 1.32 2.440 0.779175 0.744412 73 1.73 2.508 -0.3392 -0.35838
33 1.33 2.448 0.744643 0.710189 74 1.74 2.505 -0.35821 -0.37699
34 1.34 2.455 0.71042 0.67628 75 1.75 2.501 -0.37683 -0.39521
35 1.35 2.462 0.67651 0.642691 76 1.76 2.497 -0.39504 -0.41302
36 1.36 2.468 0.642921 0.609429 77 1.77 2.493 -0.41286 -0.43045
37 1.37 2.475 0.609658 0.576498 78 1.78 2.489 -0.43029 -0.44748
38 1.38 2.481 0.576727 0.543904 79 1.79 2.485 -0.44732 -0.46412
39 1.39 2.486 0.544132 0.511652 80 1.8 2.480 -0.46397 -0.48037
40 1.4 2.492 0.511879 0.479747 81 1.81 2.475 -0.48022 -0.49623
41 1.41 2.496 0.479973 0.448193 82 1.82 2.470 -0.49609 -0.51171
42 1.42 2.501 0.448418 0.416995 83 1.83 2.465 -0.51157 -0.52681
43 1.43 2.505 0.41722 0.386157 84 1.84 2.460 -0.52667 -0.54153
44 1.44 2.509 0.386381 0.355684 85 1.85 2.455 -0.54139 -0.55587
45 1.45 2.513 0.355906 0.325578 86 1.86 2.449 -0.55573 -0.56983
46 1.46 2.517 0.3258 0.295845 87 1.87 2.444 -0.5697 -0.58343
47 1.47 2.520 0.296065 0.266486 88 1.88 2.438 -0.5833 -0.59666
48 1.48 2.522 0.266705 0.237506 89 1.89 2.432 -0.59653 -0.60952
49 1.49 2.525 0.237724 0.208908 90 1.9 2.426 -0.60939 -0.62201
50 1.5 2.527 0.209124 0.180694 91 1.91 2.420 -0.62189 -0.63415
51 1.51 2.529 0.180908 0.152867 92 1.92 2.414 -0.63403 -0.64593
52 1.52 2.531 0.15308 0.125429 93 1.93 2.407 -0.64582 -0.65736
53 1.53 2.532 0.12564 0.098383 94 1.94 2.401 -0.65725 -0.66844
54 1.54 2.533 0.098593 0.071731 95 1.95 2.394 -0.66833 -0.67917
55 1.55 2.534 0.071939 0.045474 96 1.96 2.387 -0.67906 -0.68956
56 1.56 2.535 0.045681 0.019615 97 1.97 2.380 -0.68945 -0.69961
57 1.57 2.535 0.01982 -0.00584 98 1.98 2.373 -0.69951 -0.70932
58 1.58 2.535 -0.00564 -0.0309 99 1.99 2.366 -0.70922 -0.7187
59 1.59 2.535 -0.0307 -0.05556 100 2 2.359 -0.71861 -0.72776
60 1.6 2.535 -0.05536 -0.07982 101 2.01 2.352 -0.72767 -0.73649
61 1.61 2.534 -0.07962 -0.10367 102 2.02 2.345 -0.7364 -0.7449
62 1.62 2.533 -0.10348 -0.12712 103 2.03 2.337 -0.74481 -0.75299
63 1.63 2.532 -0.12693 -0.15016 104 2.04 2.330 -0.75291 -0.76077
64 1.64 2.530 -0.14997 -0.1728 105 2.05 2.322 -0.76069 -0.76824
106 2.06 2.315 -0.76817 -0.77541 147 2.47 1.968 -0.86129 -0.85962
107 2.07 2.307 -0.77534 -0.78228 148 2.48 1.960 -0.85964 -0.85783
108 2.08 2.299 -0.78221 -0.78885 149 2.49 1.951 -0.85785 -0.85591
109 2.09 2.291 -0.78878 -0.79513 150 2.5 1.942 -0.85594 -0.85388
110 2.1 2.283 -0.79506 -0.80112 151 2.51 1.934 -0.8539 -0.85172
111 2.11 2.275 -0.80106 -0.80683 152 2.52 1.925 -0.85175 -0.84945
112 2.12 2.267 -0.80677 -0.81226 153 2.53 1.917 -0.84948 -0.84707
113 2.13 2.259 -0.8122 -0.81741 154 2.54 1.908 -0.8471 -0.84459
114 2.14 2.251 -0.81735 -0.82229 155 2.55 1.900 -0.84462 -0.84199
115 2.15 2.243 -0.82224 -0.82691 156 2.56 1.891 -0.84203 -0.8393
116 2.16 2.235 -0.82686 -0.83126 157 2.57 1.883 -0.83934 -0.83651
117 2.17 2.226 -0.83121 -0.83535 158 2.58 1.875 -0.83655 -0.83363
118 2.18 2.218 -0.83531 -0.8392 159 2.59 1.866 -0.83367 -0.83065
119 2.19 2.210 -0.83915 -0.84279 160 2.6 1.858 -0.83069 -0.82759
120 2.2 2.201 -0.84275 -0.84614 161 2.61 1.850 -0.82763 -0.82444
121 2.21 2.193 -0.8461 -0.84924 162 2.62 1.841 -0.82449 -0.82122
122 2.22 2.184 -0.84921 -0.85212 163 2.63 1.833 -0.82126 -0.81791
123 2.23 2.176 -0.85208 -0.85475 164 2.64 1.825 -0.81795 -0.81453
124 2.24 2.167 -0.85472 -0.85717 165 2.65 1.817 -0.81457 -0.81107
125 2.25 2.159 -0.85714 -0.85935 166 2.66 1.809 -0.81112 -0.80755
126 2.26 2.150 -0.85933 -0.86132 167 2.67 1.801 -0.8076 -0.80396
127 2.27 2.142 -0.8613 -0.86308 168 2.68 1.793 -0.80401 -0.80031
128 2.28 2.133 -0.86306 -0.86462 169 2.69 1.785 -0.80036 -0.79659
129 2.29 2.124 -0.86461 -0.86596 170 2.7 1.777 -0.79664 -0.79282
130 2.3 2.116 -0.86595 -0.8671 171 2.71 1.769 -0.79287 -0.78899
131 2.31 2.107 -0.86709 -0.86804 172 2.72 1.761 -0.78904 -0.78511
132 2.32 2.098 -0.86803 -0.86879 173 2.73 1.753 -0.78516 -0.78118
133 2.33 2.090 -0.86878 -0.86934 174 2.74 1.745 -0.78123 -0.7772
134 2.34 2.081 -0.86934 -0.86972 175 2.75 1.737 -0.77725 -0.77317
135 2.35 2.072 -0.86971 -0.86991 176 2.76 1.729 -0.77323 -0.76911
136 2.36 2.064 -0.86991 -0.86993 177 2.77 1.722 -0.76916 -0.765
137 2.37 2.055 -0.86993 -0.86977 178 2.78 1.714 -0.76505 -0.76085
138 2.38 2.046 -0.86977 -0.86945 179 2.79 1.706 -0.76091 -0.75667
139 2.39 2.037 -0.86945 -0.86896 180 2.8 1.699 -0.75673 -0.75245
140 2.4 2.029 -0.86896 -0.86831 181 2.81 1.691 -0.75251 -0.7482
141 2.41 2.020 -0.86832 -0.8675 182 2.82 1.684 -0.74826 -0.74393
142 2.42 2.011 -0.86751 -0.86655 183 2.83 1.676 -0.74399 -0.73962
143 2.43 2.003 -0.86656 -0.86544 184 2.84 1.669 -0.73968 -0.73529
144 2.44 1.994 -0.86545 -0.86419 185 2.85 1.662 -0.73535 -0.73094
145 2.45 1.985 -0.86421 -0.8628 186 2.86 1.654 -0.731 -0.72656
146 2.46 1.977 -0.86282 -0.86127 187 2.87 1.647 -0.72663 -0.72217
188 2.88 1.640 -0.72223 -0.71776 229 3.29 1.381 -0.543 -0.53889
189 2.89 1.632 -0.71782 -0.71333 230 3.3 1.375 -0.53895 -0.53487
190 2.9 1.625 -0.7134 -0.70889 231 3.31 1.370 -0.53494 -0.53088
191 2.91 1.618 -0.70895 -0.70443 232 3.32 1.365 -0.53094 -0.52691
192 2.92 1.611 -0.7045 -0.69997 233 3.33 1.359 -0.52698 -0.52297
193 2.93 1.604 -0.70004 -0.6955 234 3.34 1.354 -0.52304 -0.51906
194 2.94 1.597 -0.69556 -0.69102 235 3.35 1.349 -0.51913 -0.51517
195 2.95 1.590 -0.69108 -0.68653 236 3.36 1.344 -0.51524 -0.51131
196 2.96 1.583 -0.6866 -0.68204 237 3.37 1.339 -0.51138 -0.50748
197 2.97 1.576 -0.6821 -0.67754 238 3.38 1.334 -0.50755 -0.50368
198 2.98 1.570 -0.67761 -0.67305 239 3.39 1.329 -0.50374 -0.4999
199 2.99 1.563 -0.67312 -0.66855 240 3.4 1.324 -0.49997 -0.49615
200 3 1.556 -0.66862 -0.66406 241 3.41 1.319 -0.49622 -0.49243
201 3.01 1.550 -0.66412 -0.65956 242 3.42 1.314 -0.4925 -0.48874
202 3.02 1.543 -0.65963 -0.65507 243 3.43 1.309 -0.48881 -0.48508
203 3.03 1.536 -0.65514 -0.65059 244 3.44 1.304 -0.48514 -0.48144
204 3.04 1.530 -0.65066 -0.64611 245 3.45 1.299 -0.48151 -0.47784
205 3.05 1.523 -0.64618 -0.64164 246 3.46 1.294 -0.4779 -0.47426
206 3.06 1.517 -0.64171 -0.63718 247 3.47 1.289 -0.47432 -0.47071
207 3.07 1.511 -0.63725 -0.63273 248 3.48 1.285 -0.47077 -0.46719
208 3.08 1.504 -0.6328 -0.62829 249 3.49 1.280 -0.46725 -0.4637
209 3.09 1.498 -0.62836 -0.62385 250 3.5 1.275 -0.46376 -0.46024
210 3.1 1.492 -0.62392 -0.61944 251 3.51 1.271 -0.4603 -0.4568
211 3.11 1.485 -0.61951 -0.61503 252 3.52 1.266 -0.45686 -0.4534
212 3.12 1.479 -0.6151 -0.61064 253 3.53 1.262 -0.45346 -0.45002
213 3.13 1.473 -0.61071 -0.60626 254 3.54 1.257 -0.45008 -0.44668
214 3.14 1.467 -0.60633 -0.6019 255 3.55 1.253 -0.44674 -0.44336
215 3.15 1.461 -0.60197 -0.59756 256 3.56 1.248 -0.44342 -0.44007
216 3.16 1.455 -0.59763 -0.59324 257 3.57 1.244 -0.44013 -0.43681
217 3.17 1.449 -0.59331 -0.58893 258 3.58 1.239 -0.43687 -0.43358
218 3.18 1.443 -0.589 -0.58464 259 3.59 1.235 -0.43364 -0.43038
219 3.19 1.437 -0.58471 -0.58037 260 3.6 1.231 -0.43044 -0.42721
220 3.2 1.431 -0.58044 -0.57612 261 3.61 1.226 -0.42726 -0.42406
221 3.21 1.426 -0.57619 -0.57189 262 3.62 1.222 -0.42412 -0.42094
222 3.22 1.420 -0.57196 -0.56769 263 3.63 1.218 -0.421 -0.41786
223 3.23 1.414 -0.56776 -0.5635 264 3.64 1.214 -0.41791 -0.4148
224 3.24 1.409 -0.56357 -0.55934 265 3.65 1.210 -0.41485 -0.41177
225 3.25 1.403 -0.55941 -0.5552 266 3.66 1.205 -0.41182 -0.40876
226 3.26 1.397 -0.55527 -0.55109 267 3.67 1.201 -0.40882 -0.40579
227 3.27 1.392 -0.55115 -0.54699 268 3.68 1.197 -0.40584 -0.40284
228 3.28 1.386 -0.54706 -0.54293 269 3.69 1.193 -0.4029 -0.39992
270 3.7 1.189 -0.39998 -0.39703 311 4.11 1.047 -0.30184 -0.29987
271 3.71 1.185 -0.39708 -0.39416 312 4.12 1.044 -0.29991 -0.29796
272 3.72 1.181 -0.39422 -0.39133 313 4.13 1.041 -0.298 -0.29607
273 3.73 1.177 -0.39138 -0.38852 314 4.14 1.038 -0.29611 -0.2942
274 3.74 1.173 -0.38857 -0.38573 315 4.15 1.035 -0.29424 -0.29235
275 3.75 1.170 -0.38578 -0.38297 316 4.16 1.032 -0.29239 -0.29051
276 3.76 1.166 -0.38303 -0.38024 317 4.17 1.029 -0.29055 -0.2887
277 3.77 1.162 -0.3803 -0.37754 318 4.18 1.026 -0.28874 -0.2869
278 3.78 1.158 -0.37759 -0.37486 319 4.19 1.023 -0.28694 -0.28512
279 3.79 1.154 -0.37491 -0.37221 320 4.2 1.020 -0.28515 -0.28335
280 3.8 1.151 -0.37226 -0.36959 321 4.21 1.017 -0.28339 -0.28161
281 3.81 1.147 -0.36964 -0.36698 322 4.22 1.015 -0.28164 -0.27988
282 3.82 1.143 -0.36704 -0.36441 323 4.23 1.012 -0.27991 -0.27816
283 3.83 1.140 -0.36446 -0.36186 324 4.24 1.009 -0.2782 -0.27647
284 3.84 1.136 -0.36191 -0.35934 325 4.25 1.006 -0.2765 -0.27479
285 3.85 1.132 -0.35939 -0.35684 326 4.26 1.003 -0.27482 -0.27312
286 3.86 1.129 -0.35689 -0.35436 327 4.27 1.001 -0.27316 -0.27148
287 3.87 1.125 -0.35441 -0.35191 328 4.28 0.998 -0.27151 -0.26984
288 3.88 1.122 -0.35196 -0.34948 329 4.29 0.995 -0.26988 -0.26823
289 3.89 1.118 -0.34953 -0.34708 330 4.3 0.993 -0.26826 -0.26663
290 3.9 1.115 -0.34713 -0.3447 331 4.31 0.990 -0.26666 -0.26504
291 3.91 1.111 -0.34475 -0.34235 332 4.32 0.987 -0.26508 -0.26347
292 3.92 1.108 -0.3424 -0.34002 333 4.33 0.985 -0.26351 -0.26192
293 3.93 1.104 -0.34006 -0.33771 334 4.34 0.982 -0.26195 -0.26038
294 3.94 1.101 -0.33776 -0.33542 335 4.35 0.979 -0.26041 -0.25885
295 3.95 1.098 -0.33547 -0.33316 336 4.36 0.977 -0.25889 -0.25734
296 3.96 1.094 -0.33321 -0.33092 337 4.37 0.974 -0.25737 -0.25584
297 3.97 1.091 -0.33097 -0.3287 338 4.38 0.972 -0.25588 -0.25436
298 3.98 1.088 -0.32875 -0.32651 339 4.39 0.969 -0.25439 -0.25289
299 3.99 1.084 -0.32655 -0.32433 340 4.4 0.967 -0.25292 -0.25144
300 4 1.081 -0.32438 -0.32218 341 4.41 0.964 -0.25147 -0.24999
301 4.01 1.078 -0.32222 -0.32005 342 4.42 0.962 -0.25003 -0.24857
302 4.02 1.075 -0.32009 -0.31794 343 4.43 0.959 -0.2486 -0.24715
303 4.03 1.071 -0.31798 -0.31585 344 4.44 0.957 -0.24718 -0.24575
304 4.04 1.068 -0.3159 -0.31378 345 4.45 0.954 -0.24578 -0.24436
305 4.05 1.065 -0.31383 -0.31174 346 4.46 0.952 -0.24439 -0.24298
306 4.06 1.062 -0.31178 -0.30971 347 4.47 0.949 -0.24302 -0.24162
307 4.07 1.059 -0.30975 -0.3077 348 4.48 0.947 -0.24165 -0.24027
308 4.08 1.056 -0.30775 -0.30572 349 4.49 0.944 -0.2403 -0.23893
309 4.09 1.053 -0.30576 -0.30375 350 4.5 0.942 -0.23896 -0.23761
310 4.1 1.050 -0.30379 -0.3018 351 4.51 0.940 -0.23764 -0.23629
352 4.52 0.937 -0.23632 -0.23499 393 4.93 0.850 -0.19119 -0.19025
353 4.53 0.935 -0.23502 -0.2337 394 4.94 0.848 -0.19027 -0.18934
354 4.54 0.933 -0.23373 -0.23242 395 4.95 0.846 -0.18936 -0.18843
355 4.55 0.930 -0.23245 -0.23115 396 4.96 0.844 -0.18845 -0.18753
356 4.56 0.928 -0.23118 -0.22989 397 4.97 0.843 -0.18756 -0.18664
357 4.57 0.926 -0.22992 -0.22865 398 4.98 0.841 -0.18666 -0.18576
358 4.58 0.923 -0.22868 -0.22741 399 4.99 0.839 -0.18578 -0.18488
359 4.59 0.921 -0.22744 -0.22619 400 5 0.837 -0.1849 -0.18401
360 4.6 0.919 -0.22622 -0.22498
361 4.61 0.916 -0.22501 -0.22378
362 4.62 0.914 -0.22381 -0.22259 Comparison for h=0.1 vs 0.01
363 4.63 0.912 -0.22261 -0.2214 3.000
364 4.64 0.910 -0.22143 -0.22023 2.500
365 4.65 0.908 -0.22026 -0.21907 2.000
366 4.66 0.905 -0.2191 -0.21792

y(x)
1.500
367 4.67 0.903 -0.21795 -0.21678 1.000
368 4.68 0.901 -0.21681 -0.21565 0.500
369 4.69 0.899 -0.21568 -0.21453 0.000
370 4.7 0.897 -0.21456 -0.21342 1 X
371 4.71 0.895 -0.21345 -0.21232 h=0.1 h=0.01
372 4.72 0.892 -0.21234 -0.21122
373 4.73 0.890 -0.21125 -0.21014
374 4.74 0.888 -0.21017 -0.20907
375 4.75 0.886 -0.20909 -0.208
376 4.76 0.884 -0.20803 -0.20694
377 4.77 0.882 -0.20697 -0.2059
378 4.78 0.880 -0.20592 -0.20486
379 4.79 0.878 -0.20488 -0.20383
380 4.8 0.876 -0.20385 -0.20281
381 4.81 0.874 -0.20283 -0.20179
382 4.82 0.872 -0.20182 -0.20079
383 4.83 0.870 -0.20081 -0.19979
384 4.84 0.868 -0.19981 -0.1988
385 4.85 0.866 -0.19883 -0.19782
386 4.86 0.864 -0.19784 -0.19685
387 4.87 0.862 -0.19687 -0.19588
388 4.88 0.860 -0.19591 -0.19492
389 4.89 0.858 -0.19495 -0.19397
390 4.9 0.856 -0.194 -0.19303
391 4.91 0.854 -0.19306 -0.1921
392 4.92 0.852 -0.19212 -0.19117
Homework Ch. 4 #2

Solve y”=2y-y’ using RK midpoint.

Solution :

Assume :

m = dy/dx = f’(x,y)

dm/dx = d2y/dx2 = 2y-dy/dx

dm/dx = 2y – m = f’(x,y)

Table 3. Analytical Solution Table 4. Numerical Solution

x y x y k1,1 k1,2 k2,1 k2,2

1 1.999 1 2.00 1.00 1.50 3.00 4.50
2 4.575 2 3.50 5.50 8.25 1.50 2.25
3 12.319 3 11.75 7.75 11.63 15.75 23.63
4 33.469 4 23.38 31.38 47.06 15.38 23.06
5 90.977 5 70.44 54.44 81.66 86.44 129.66

Analytical vs. Numerical

Numerical h=1 ANALYTICAL Numerical h=0.1

100.00
90.00 90.977
90.4357197
80.00
70.00 70.44
60.00
Y(X)

50.00
40.00
30.00 33.469
33.3212111
20.00 23.38
10.00 12.319
12.28004634
11.75
1.999
2.00
2 4.575
4.555028998
3.50
0.00
1 2 3 4 5
X

Figure 2. Results comparison Numerical vs Analytical