Viticultura Sustentável e

Produção de Vinho de Qualidade

Carlos M. LOPES
LEAF, coordenador linha temática SG&WP
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa

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Encontro Ciência 2016
 SUSTAINABLE VITICULTURE
(Resolution OIV CST 1/2008)
“Global initiative in terms of grape production and processing systems,
integrating the economic sustainability of the structures and territories
concerned, the obtainment of quality products, the requirements of
precision viticulture, the risks for the environment, the safety of
products and the health of consumers, and the promotion of the related
heritage, historical, cultural, ecological and regional values”.

Encontro Ciência 2016 2

 LEAF (R&D unit): Linking Landscape, Environment,
Agriculture and Food
I- Landscape Architecture, Biodiversity and Conservation;
4 research II- Soil, Water and Waste Nexus
groups: III -Plant Science and Crop Production
IV - Eco-Novel Food and Feed

THEMATIC LINE
SUSTAINABLE GRAPE & WINE PRODUCTION (SG&WP)
Horizontal and inter-disciplinary platform encompassing researchers from the
4 LEAF research groups aiming at:
- developing research in the grapes and wine sector
- promote the sustainability along the entire production chain.

Main Research Areas

1- Grape Production
2- Wine Quality
3- Environmental Sustainability 3
Encontro Ciência 2016
 GRAPE PRODUCTION: some ongoing research lines

 Grapevine Diversity;

 Sustainable Vineyard Practices: soil and canopy integrated

management; deficit irrigation and sustainable water use; precision
viticulture; adaptation measures to climate change;

 Responses to Abiotic Stress: effects of light, heat and drought stress on

vine physiology, growth, yield and berry composition; vine water relations and
stress indicators, berry firmness and skin texture, gene expression;

 Grapevine Trunk Diseases: development of eco-friendly solutions to

control Grapevine Trunk Diseases.

 Vitis Sex and Development: identification of genes involved;

Vitis Aquaporins: characterization of Vitis vinifera aquaporins and

assessment of their individual role.
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 GRAPE PRODUCTION: e.g. ongoing projects
Conservation & quantification of genetic variability and selection
Support of the Portuguese network for grapevine selection & Portuguese
association for grapevine diversity – PORVID

Results & Achievements

 165 field trials for evaluation of diversity and selection
 Conservation in pots & in field trials
 ≃30 000 genotypes of more than 200 ancient varieties
 ≃60 varieties with polyclonal selected material
 ≃ 130 certified clones from 24 varieties
 Current activities and goals for the near future
 Development of new methodological tools for quantification of genetic
variability and selection;
 Evaluation of diversity and real time selections ;
 100 varieties with polyclonal material and 40 varieties with clonal
material;
 Sampling and conservation of diversity of autochthonous varieties.
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 GRAPE PRODUCTION: e.g. recent projects
 PRODUCTION OF A LOW CARBON WINE (PRODER, 4.1 PA 45484)
Objectives: alternative vineyard management strategies to reduce the
carbon footprint as compared to conventional Viticulture.
Results and Achievements: reduction in the vineyard carbon
footprint. The combination with lower carbon practices in the
winery enabled the creation of a low carbon wine – IMAGINEM -
which is already in the market.

 MECHANICAL PRUNING AND FERTILIZATION WITH NON-

CONVENTIONAL ORGANIC AMENDMENTS (PRODER 4.1 PA 24017)
Objectives: Study the effect of the type of pruning (manual vs. mechanical)
and type of organic amendment (sewage sludge, MSW compost, biochar,
and cattle manure) on soil quality, vine performance and wine quality.

Sewage sludge Biochar MSW compost Manure

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 GRAPE PRODUCTION: e.g. ongoing projects
Project INNOVINE (Combining innovation in vineyard
management and genetic diversity for a sustainable
European Viticulture, (EU, FP7, nº311775)
Objectives:
WP1: effects of deficit irrigation on physiological and agronomical behaviour of
two red varieties;
WP2: yield controle & improvement of cluster rot tolerance by early defoliation;
WP3- Assessment of clonal sensitivity to abiotic stress & selection of
genotypes more tolerant to abiotic stress.

Cooperation
ITQB, Agri-Ciência, Herdade Esporão & Quinta do Pinto
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 GRAPE PRODUCTION: e.g. ongoing projects
Proj. VINBOT - Autonomous Cloud-Computing Vineyard
Robot To Optimise Yield Management And Wine Quality
(EU, FP7 nº 605630)
Objectives: development of an all-terrain autonomous mobile robot with a
set of sensors capable of capturing and analyzing vineyard images and
3D data by means of cloud computing applications, in order to obtain yield
maps representing the spatial variability of vineyard plots.

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Encontro Ciência 2016
GRAPE PRODUCTION: e.g. ongoing projects
Grapevine Trunk Diseases (GTD)
Research
Pathogen characterisation and
epidemiology

Microbial ecology on grapevine wood

Disease Control

PTDC/AGR-PRO/2183/2014

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 WINE QUALITY: representative ongoing research lines
 Applications of electroporation by pulsed electric fields in wine
processing;
 -liase: release of varietal thiols of portuguese varieties;
 Mannoproteins influence on sparkling wine quality – effect
of inactive dry yeast vs encapsulated yeast;
 Geographical indications – sensory analysis approach;
 Sorting and mapping quality wines;
 Wood alternatives for wine ageing;
 Heavy metals ocurrence in soil-wine system;
 Wine Authenticity: Elemental composition and isotopic ratios as
fingerprints of wine geographic origin/Terroir;
 Prevention of stuck and sluggish fermentations and control of wine
microbial spoilage.
 WINE QUALITY: representative ongoing projects

• Applications of electroporation by Pulsed Electric

Fields (PEF) in Enology
Objectives: Electroporation is a physical process that leads to
permeabilization enhancement and raise of the bioavailability of the cell
inner content. PEF potential applications in winemaking, namely for
polyphenols extraction from grape and inactivation of wine spoilage
microorganisms, are being explored.

Collaborations: Energy Pulse Systems, A.C. Penalva do Castelo, Soc. Agríc. de Rio Frio

• -Liase: release of varietal thiols

Objectives: To study the release of the varietal thiols in
white and red portuguese varieties by using the enzyme
-lyase Endozym Thiol, with specific secondary activities,
which promote the hydrolysis of grape aromatic tiols
precursors:

Collaborations: AEB Bioquímica, Lab. Anal. Aromas e Enologia (Univ. Zaragoza)

 WINE QUALITY: representative ongoing projects
 Wood alternatives for wine ageing
Objectives: Influence of commercial wood chips from different new sources
(chestnut, acacia and cherry) during red wine ageing (phenolic composition
and sensory properties)

Collaborations:
AEB Bioquímica;
Casa da Passarela;
ESAV/IPV French oak wood chips; Portuguese oak wood chips; Acacia
wood chips; Cherry wood chips; Cherry wood powder

 IGP’S (Geographical Indications) – Sensory Analysis approach

Objectives: Contribution to the sensory profile of regional red

wines from geographical indications of mainland Portugal Red
wine sensory profiling on the 12 Protected Geographical
Indications of Mainland Portugal by the application of
extended sensory surveys to an extended expert panel.
Collaborations: CVR Bairrada
 WINE QUALITY: representative ongoing projects
• Authenticity: soil-related fingerprints of wine geographic origin and
Terroir characterization

Objectives:
• Evaluation of soil-related fingerprints: multi-element composition,
rare earth elements (REE) pattern and strontium isotopic ratio
87Sr/86Sr) throughout soil-wine system;

• Testing REE pattern and 87Sr/86Sr robustness to traditional and

new technological processes widely used in Enology

Collaborations: INIAV, Comp. Agríc. Sanguinhal, José Maria da Fonseca, Sogrape

ICP-MS analytical instrument

 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
MAIN AREAS:
- Pesticide Use and Ecological Risk Assessment;
- Water Use, Wastewater and Waste Treatment & Recycling;
- Water and Carbon Footprint.
Integrated approach from the vineyard to the winery

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ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: some objectives
and ongoing research lines

» Integrated assessment of pesticide

stress in freshwaters (Cont.)

» Combination of chemical analysis with

effect-based tools (bioassays,
microcosms & field biomonitoring) , in
order to provide a link between chemical
exposure (including their mixtures) and
environmental side-effects

» Optimising and developing analytical

methods to assess exposure of water
resources of agricultural (vineyard)
ecosystems to pesticides

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ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: some objectives
and ongoing research lines

- Application of best available techniques for

environment protection as a whole
(water/energy consumption, water recycling, Before

waste/wastewater minimization);

- By-products recovery into high added value After

products by integrated technologies; AMBB Prototype

- Increase water savings in the vineyard by

adopting water use metrics;

- Assessment of carbon footprint (“green

products”). Encontro Ciência 2016 16 Pilot
Membrane Technology
Muito obrigado pela v/ atenção

Encontro Ciência 2016 17