Alforque Conveyor

INCLINED CHAIN CONVEYOR 2014
INTRODUCTION
A conveyor is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials

from one location to another. Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving the
transportation of heavy or bulky materials. Conveyor systems allow quick and efficient
transportation for a wide variety of materials, which make them very popular in the material
handling and packaging industries.
Conveyor systems are used widespread across a range of industries due to the numerous
benefits they provide. Conveyors are able to safely transport materials from one level to
another, which when done by human labor would be strenuous and expensive. They can be
installed almost anywhere, and are much safer than using a forklift or other machine to move
materials. They can move loads of all shapes, sizes and weights. Also, many have advanced
safety features that help prevent accidents. There are a variety of options available for running
conveying systems, including the hydraulic, mechanical and fully automated systems, which are
equipped to fit individual needs.
One of the known conveyors that is generally used is the chain conveyor. A conveyor
comprising one or two endless linked chains with crossbars or flights at intervals to move the
coal or mineral. The loaded side of the conveyor runs in a metal trough, while the empty side
returns along guides underneath. The material is transported on the conveyor partly by riding on
the chain and flights and partly by being scraped along in the trough. The chain conveyor is
widely used in coal mines with heavy loads.
Conveyor Types
There are, in general, nine types of chain conveyors. The material being handled and
the service environment typically determined which type is chosen.
1|Page
2|Page
DESIGN CONSIDERATION
An incline scraper conveyor has been tentatively selected to handle bituminous

coal. The sketch above shows the steel trough; other details are given below:
• Operating capacity: Q = 150 ton/hr

• Operating speed: S = 100 ft./mn.
• Depth of material: d = 6"
• Total lift: A = 30 ft
• Total horizontal run: B = 40 ft
• Sprocket centers: C = 50 ft
• Infrequent moderate shock
• 24-hour operation—“Dirty” conditions
• Scraper paddle: 5/16" x 8" x 23"—22.8 lbs.
each spaced every 12."
• Use roller conveyor chain
3|Page
Material Classification
 Bulk material (example: limestone)

 Unit material (example: boxes)
Typical Material Classifications For Chain Conveyors
4|Page
Typical Chain Types for Conveyor Service
Chain Rolling or Chain Sliding
Chain Rolling and Its Advantages
5|Page
Chain Sliding and Its Advantages
P = Total Conveyor Pull (lbs.)

P1 = Take-up Force (lbs.)
W = Weight of chains, attachments, slats, etc., and other moving elements of the
conveyor per ft. (lbs./ft.)
M = Weight of material per ft. on the conveyor (lbs./ft.)
fr = Friction coefficient of chain rolling on support rail
fs = Sliding friction coefficient of material or chain sliding
C = Center distance (ft.)
J = Pull (lbs.) caused by sideboard sliding
6|Page
7|Page
8|Page
DRAWINGS
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE INCLINED CHAIN CONVEYOR
ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM
9|Page
TOP VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM
SIDE VIEW OF THE INCLINED CHAIN CONVEYOR
10 | P a g e
BACK VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM
SIDE VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM
11 | P a g e
DESIGN COMPUTATIONS
A. Inclined Chain conveyor design computations

1. Determine the Conveyor’s Basic Requirements
• Incline scraper conveyor
• Roller conveyor chain with attachment for flight every 12".
• Determine (M) from formula Engineering Formulas.
33.3𝑄 33.3(150)
M= =
𝑆 100
M = 50 lbs./ft
• Determine W:
W = (CW) (N) + Ws
N = No. of chain strands = 2
Ws = Wt. of slats = 22.8 lbs/ft
CW = Wt. of Chain (lbs./ft.)
For Chain Rolling
CW = .002 (M) (C)
CW = .002 (50) (50)
CW = 5.00 lbs./ft. (very light duty rolling)

From Table 3 note that minimum chain weight = 3.70 lbs./ft., so use the 5.00 value rather than
the 3.70 (lbs./ft.)
For Chain Rolling

W = (5.00) (2) + 22.8
W = 32.8 lbs./ft. (rolling)
Friction Coefficients
From Table 5:
fs = .55 (Sliding Coal)
12 | P a g e
From Table 6:
fr = .20 (Rolling Chain)
• Conveyor Speed:
(s)= 100 ft./min.
• Determine Sideboard Friction (J) from Table 9:
𝐶ℎ2
J= 𝑅
50(6)2
J= 14
J = 128 lbs.
• Determine Service Factor (V) from Table 10:
V = (Frequency of Shock)( Character of Loading)( Conditions of Operation)( Daily Operating
Period)
V = (1.0) (1.2) (1.4) (1.2)
V = 2.02
Calculate Conveyor Pull (P)
From formula:
For Chain Rolling
P = [(Mfs + Wfr) COSa + (M + W) SINa] C + (WfrCOSa - W SINa) C
P = [((50) (.55) + (32.8) (.2)) .8 + (50 + 32.8) .6] 50 + [(32.8) (.2) (.8) - 32.8 (.6)] 50
P = 3,850 lbs. - 720 lbs.
P = 3,130 lbs. (rolling)
Select Sprocket Size
From Table 11 we obtain 12-tooth sprocket as best selection choice.
E = .990
Calculate Design Conveyor Pull (DP)
For Chain Rolling
DP = (P) (V) (E)
DP = (3130) (2.02) (.99)
DP = 6,260 lbs. (rolling)
13 | P a g e
Calculate Chain Tension
For Chain Rolling
T = (DP) (1.2)/2
T = (6,260) (1.2)/2
T = 3,760 lbs. (rolling)
G-29 or G-19 attachments are convenient for bolting scraper flights. Since attachment spacing is
every 12”, choose either 4”, 6”, or 12” pitch chain. Select 1131R with G-29 every 2nd pitch.
Recalculate Chain Tension

For Chain Rolling
W = 22.8 + 13.9
W = 36.7 lbs./ft.
fr = .33 (1.125/3)
fr = .12
DP = 2,960 (2.02) (.99)
DP = 5,920 lbs.
T = 5,920 lbs. (1.2)/2
T = 3,550 lbs./strand (rolling)
Since the maximum allowable working load rating of 1131R is 5,900 lbs., the selection is
satisfactory. We could, however, economize by selecting a smaller chain (for example, 627R). To
do this, recalculate chain tension by repeating Steps 2, 3, 4, and 5. For 12 tooth sprocket,
sprocket number 1131R, for union chain number 1131R with 6 in. chain pitch,
Material: special material such as stainless steel

Style: RC (roller conveyor chain)
Type of sprocket: hunting tooth chain saver sprocket
Use type C hub type
Stock bore = 1.50 in.
14 | P a g e
Max bore = 5.440 in.
Hub diameter = 8.0 in.
Pitch diameter = 23.182 in.
Roller diameter = 3.0 in.
Plate thickness = 1.250 in.
Approximate weight = 216.0 lbs
Solving for the rpm of sprockets
RPM of Sprocket = V / 2pr

= 100.00 / {2p [23.182 /2(12)]}
N = 16.47708841 rev/min
Variation of Chain Speed due to Chordal Action
Minimum Velocity = 0.2618(PD)cos(180/T)(N)

Where:
PD = Pitch diameter, 23.182 in.
T = Number of teeth, 12T
N = RPM of sprocket, 16.47708841 rev/min
Therefore,
Minimum Velocity = 0.2618(23.182 in)cos(180/12)( 16.47708841rev/min)
Minimum Velocity = 96.59280847 ft/min
Maximum Velocity = 0.2618(PD)(N)
Maximum Velocity = 0.2618(23.182)( 16.47708841rev/min)
Therefore,
Maximum Velocity = 100 ft/min
15 | P a g e
Required power to drive the conveyor
HP = DP x S x 1.1 / 33,000
Where:
DP = total conveyor pull
= 6260 lbs
S = conveyor speed, ft/min
= 100 ft/min
1.1 = compensates for motor efficiency
Therefore,
HP = (6260x 100 x 1.1) / 33,000
HP = 20.86666667 Hp
Design horsepower to drive mechanism including losses:
Losses in V-belt = 5% (Morse, p.452)

Losses in spur gear = 3% (Dimaroganas, p.193)
Note: For spur gear speed reduction, divide the required power by 0.97.
Transmitted power on spur gears
Transmitted Power on Spur Gears= Required power to drive the conveyor/ (0.97)
= 20.86666667 / ( 0.97)
=21.51202784 Hp
Transmitted power on V-Belt
Transmitted power on V-belt = transmitted power on the first step gear reduction / 0.95
Transmitted power on V-belt = 21.51202784 Hp / 0.95
16 | P a g e
Transmitted power on V-belt = 22.64423983 Hp
Power in kilowatt, KW = 16.89260291 KW
Driving System Design
The nearest capable driving is: From: Machine Design Materials and Shop Practices
(Subaran).From: Machine Design Materials and Shop Practices (Subaran)
Power output: 25 hp
RPM: 400 rpm
Solving for the RPM of the Driven Sheave
From table17-3, Standard V-belt Lengths, Horsepower and Stock Sheave Diameter(Faires, p.458),
I select the minimum diameter from section D, 13in for the small or driving sheaveand 58in for
the big or driven sheave.
Speed Ratio: N1D1=N2D2

Where:
D1= diameter of small sheave, 13 in
N1= rpm of motor, 400 rpm
D2= Diameter of driven sheave, 58 in
N2= rpm of driven sheave
N2= N1D1/D2
= (13)(400) / 58
N2= 89.65517241 rev/min
17 | P a g e
From Table 16-1, Drive Election Data (Doughtie and Vallance, p.378), the minimum speed ratio
per step of standard V-belt is 8 and the assume diameters of small and big sheave is satisfactory.
Solving for the Center Distance between Sheaves
From equation (p) by Faires, p. 457, if the size of smaller sheave is assumed and velocity ratio is
known, choose a minimum center distance (c) as:
C = [(D2 + D1)/2] + D1 or C = D2 whichever is longer.

= [(58 + 13) / 2] + 13
C = 48.5 in
I choose C = 58 which is longer
Note: The center distance is made adjustable so that the belts can be mounted into the grooves
without harmful stretching and so that initial tension can be maintained (Faires, p. 457).
Solving for the Belt Length
Eq. 17.3 (Faires, p.446)
𝜋 (D₂−D₁)²
L = 2 (D₂+D₁) + 2C + 4𝑐
𝜋 (58−13)²
L = 2 (58+13) + 2(58) + 4(58)
L = 236.2549875 in.
From Table 17-3, Standard V-belt Lengths (Faires, P.458) at Section D, I choose D240 with pitch
length equal to 240.8 in.
18 | P a g e
Solving for the V-belt Speed
πD₁N₁
νm = 12
π(58)(400)
νm = 12
νm = 1361.356817 ft/min or 22.68928028 ft/sec
Solving the Rated Hp
From equation (l) by Faires, p. 456,
0.09
103 c νm² νm
Rated Hp = [a ( νm ) − Kd D₁ − e 10⁶ ] 103
Where:
D₁ = pitch diameter of the small sheave, 13 in
Kd = small diameter factor (Table 17.4), 1.14
νm = belt speed, 1361.356817 ft/min
0.09 (3769.9111842 )
103 5.326 3769.911184
Rated Hp = [2.684 (3769.911184) − 1.14 x 4 − 0.0136( )]
106 103
Rated Hp = 4.930591382 Hp
Computing for Design Hp

From the eq. (m) (Faires, p.456)
Design Hp = Nsf (Transmitted Hp)
19 | P a g e
Where:
Transmitted Power on the V-belt = 3.325 ℎ𝑝
Nsf = Service Factor Table 17.7(Faires, p.466), 1.4 for driven machine arecrushers,
jaw, hammer mills and driving machine is AC Normal Torque Squirrel Cage,
subtract 0.2 if the operation is quite intermittent.
Therefore,
Design Hp = 1.4(22.64423983)
Design Hp = 31.70193576 Hp
Solving for the Actual Cente Distance where L=240.8 in.
𝐵 + √𝐵 2 − 32(𝐷2 − 𝐷1 )2
𝐶=
16
𝐵 = 4𝐿 − 6.28(𝐷2 − 𝐷1 )
𝐵 = 4(240.8) − 6.28(58 + 13)
𝐵 = 517.32
517.32 + √517.322 − 32(58 − 13)2

𝐶=
16
𝐶 = 60.47971223 𝑖𝑛.
Computing for Adjusted Rated Hp

Horsepower rating must be corrected for length of belt (Kl) and arc of contact (Kѳ).
(Faires,p.457).
Adjusted Rated Hp = Kl x Kѳ x Rated Hp
20 | P a g e
Where:
Kѳ = arc of contact factor
Kl = length of correction factor
From Table 17.5 Arc of Contact Factors (Faires, p.459)
D₂−D₁ 58−13
= 60.47971223= 0.7440511593
𝐶
By interpolation,
0.70 0.89
0.7440511593 K
0.80 0.87
Kѳ =0.8811896814
Therefore,
Adjusted Rated Hp = (1.0) (0.8811896814)(4.930591382 Hp)
Adjusted Rated Hp = 4.344786249 Hp
Solving for the Number of Belts
Design Hp
No. of Belts = Adjusted Rated Hp (Faires, p.461)
31.71093576
= 4.344786249
21 | P a g e
= 7.298618147 say 8 belts
Number of Belts = 8 belts
Use 8 Leather V-belts D240 with pitch length equal to 240.8in.
1 3
For Section D, 𝑏 × 𝑡 = 1 4 × 4
Solving for Belt Tension
F1
𝝎
F2
𝐹1
= 𝑒 𝑓𝜃
𝐹2
Where:
F₁ = total tension on the tight side, lb
F₂ = total tension on the slack side, lb
f = coefficient of friction, 0.25 from Table 16-5 Coefficient of Friction for
Leather Belt on cast iron pulley
θ = arc of contact, rad
22 | P a g e
Computing the Angle of Contact
D₂− D₁ 𝜋
θs =[ 180 - 2sinˉ¹ ( )] 180
2c
Where:
D₁ = diameter of small pulley, 13 in.
D₂ = diameter of big pulley, 58 in.
C = center distance, 60.47971223 in.
θs=angle of wrap of small pulley, rad
58−13 𝜋
θs= [180 - 2sinˉ¹(2 x 60.47971223)] 180
θs = 2.379212089 rad
F₁
= 𝑒 (0.25)(2.379212089)
F₂
F₁ = 1.812673853 F₂ (eq. 1)
Power transmitted on the V-Belt, Hp from the eq. 16.7 (Doughtie and Vallance, p. 383)
(F₁−F₂) x νm
Hp = 550
Where:
F₁ =total tension on the tight side, lb
F ₂= total tension on the slack side, lb
νm = belt speed, 22.68928028 fps
Hp = power transmitted, 22.64423983hp
23 | P a g e
550 x 22.64423983
F₁-F₂ = 22.68928028
F₁-F₂ = 548.908196 eq.2
Equating eq. 1 and 2
1.812673853 F₂-F₂= 548.908196
F₂ = 675.4347934 lb
F₁ = 1224.342989lb
Computing Thickness of the Sheave
T= width (no. of belts) +1
1
= 1 4 (8) + 1
= 11 in
The pulley face should be about 1 in. wider than the belts up to 12 in. (Doughtie and Vallance,
p.389)
Computing the Weight of the Motor Sheave
𝜋
W₁ = D₁² t ρ
4
Where:
W₁ = weight of the motor sheave
D₁ = diameter of the small sheave, 13 in.
24 | P a g e
t = thickness of small sheave, 11in.
ρ = density of pulley material used, 0.256 lb/in³ for ordinary cast iron from Table 2-1
General Properties of commonly used materials (Doughtie and Vallance, p.11)
𝜋
W₁ = 4 (13)²(11) (0.256)
W₁ = 373.7741276lb
Computing the Weight of the Driven Sheave
𝜋
W2= D2² t ρ
4
Where:
W2 = weight of the driven sheave
t = thickness of small sheave, 11in.
D₂ = diameter of driven sheave, 58 in.
ρ = density of pulley material used, 0.256 lb/in³ for ordinary cast iron from Table 2-1
General Properties of commonly used materials (Doughtie and Vallance, p.11)
𝜋
W2= 4 (58)²(11) (.256)
W2= 7440.09561lb
Design for the Spur Gear Speed Reduction
25 | P a g e
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Material Used: ordinary cast iron for both gear and pinion
Pressure Angle: 14 ½ degrees
Type of Load: Medium shock
Type of Service: 24 hours
RPM of Pinion: 89.65517241 rev/min
RPM of Gear: 16.47708841 rev/min
Design for the Spur Gear Reduction
Design condition:
Material used: ordinary cast iron, for both pinion and gear
Pressure angle: 14 ½ degrees
Type of load: medium shock
Type of service: 24 hrs/day
26 | P a g e
Solving for pitch line velocity, v
𝜋𝐷𝑝 𝑁𝑝
𝑣=
12
Where:
Dp= diameter of the pinion, 12 in
Np = rpm of the pinion, 89.65517241 rpm
π x 12 x 89.65517241
ν= 12
ν = 281.660031 ft/min
Solving for the diameter of the gear, Dg
Where:
Ng = 16.47708841 rpm
NpDp= NgDg
NpDp 12 x 89.65517241
Dg = =
Ng 16.47708841
Dg = 65.29442837 in
Dg ≈ 65 in
Solving for the tangential force at pitch line
From eq.11-15 (Doughtie and Vallance, p.270)
33000 Hp
Ft = Fsν
Where:
Transmitted power = 21.51202784 Hp
27 | P a g e
Fs = service factor, 0.55 from Table 11-4 Service Factors with steady load and 24 hr/day
service. (Doughtie and Vallance, p.270)
ν= pitch line velocity, 281.660031 ft/min
Ft = transmitted force which is the tangential component
33000 x 21.51202784
Ft = 0.55(281.660031 )
Ft = 4582.551759 lb
From Table 16-1 Drive Selection data, the computed values are within the range in the table
therefore the speed reduction is satisfactory. (Doughtie and Vallance, p. 378)
Solving for the diametral pitch, P
For ordinary industrial gears operating at velocities up to 2000 fpm, we use:
Sw fY 600
Ft = eq. 11-2 (Doughtie and Vallance, p.270)
P 600+ν
Where:
Sw= Safe stress, 8000 psi from Table 11-3 Safe beam stress or static stress of materials
for gears , ordinary cast iron (Doughtie and Vallance, p.269)
f = face width of gear, 10/P
Y = Lewis form factor from Table 11-2 Factors for the Lewis equation (Doughtie and
Vallance, p.268), 0.3 for trial
P= Diametral pitch
Ft = tramsmitted force which is the tangential component, 4582.551759 lb
28 | P a g e
ν= pitch line velocity, 281.660031 ft/min
Sw 10Y 600
P² = Ft 600+ν
8000 x 10 x 0.3 600

P² = 4582.551759 600 + 281.660031
P = 3. 564133478
Diametral pitch varies by increments of 1/2 from 2 to 5(Doughtie and Vallance, p.262)
P = 3.5 teeth per inch of diameter, diametral pitch
This value suggests the use of a standard diametral pitch of 3.5,with 42 teeth on the
pinion 228 teeth on the gear. From Table 11-1 Gear Tooth proportions, the recommended
smallest pinion that will operate without interference with all gears at 14 ½ deg full-depth, 32
teeth. (Doughtie and Vallance, p.262).
It is customary to limit the reduction to 6:1 for spur gears (Doughtie and Vallance,
p.255)and the above solution will satisfy this statement.
To determine the smallest involute pinion that will operate without interference, use:
4m(Tg+m)
Tp² + 2TpTg = from eq.11-3 (Doughtie and Vallance, p.260)
sin²ф
Where:
Tp= number of teeth of pinion, 42
Tg = number of teeth of gear, 228
m = product of diametral pitch and addendum, 1 from Table 11-1 Gear Tooth
proportion, Addendum is 1/P; hence, m =1 (Doughtie and Vallance, p.262)
Checking for interference,
(4x1)(228+1)
Tp² + 2(228)Tp = sin²14.5
29 | P a g e
Tp² + 456Tp – 14611.54666 = 0
−b ± √b²−4ac
Tp = 2𝑎
−456 ± √456²−4(1)(−14611.54666)
Tp = 2(1)
Np = 30.0611297, minimum no. of teeth
Solving for the actual diameter of the pinion, Np = 42 teeth
𝑁+2
𝐷=
𝑃
D = (42 +2)/3.5
D = 12.57142857 in.
Solving for the actual diameter of the gear, Ng = 228 teeth
𝑁+2
𝐷=
𝑃
D = (228 +2)/3.5
D = 65.71428571 in.
Solving for the pitch line velocity, v, using actual diameter of the pinion
𝜋𝐷𝑝 𝑁𝑝
𝑣=
12
ν = (𝜋 x 12.57142857 x 89.65517421)/12
ν = 295.0724134 ft/min.
Solving for the face width, f
For the pinion:
30 | P a g e
To get Y, from the Table 11-2 Form Factors for the Lewis equation with Np = 42. (Doughtie and
Vallance, p.268)
38 0.335
42 Yp
43 0.345
Through interpolation, we get
Yp = 0.343
Ft P(600+𝜈)
fp = SwY(600)
4582.551759 (3.5)(600+295.0724134)
fp = 8000(0.343)(600)
fp = 8.719633636 in.
For gear:
From Table 11-2 Form factors for the Lewis equation with Ng = 171. (Doughtie and Vallance, p.
268)
150 0.376
228 Yg
300 0.383
Through interpolation, we get
Yg = 0.37964
4582.551759(3.5)(600+295.0724134)
fg = 8000(0.37964)(600)
fg = 7.878080121 in.
31 | P a g e
Since both gears are made of the same material then the pinion is the weaker which should be
the one considered to approximate dimensions.
I choose the face width of the pinion which is 8.719633636 in.
Computing Dynamic loads on Gear Teeth
From equation 11-6 (Doughtie and Vallance, p. 272)
0.05ν ( Cf + Ft )
Fd = Ft + Fi = Ft + 0.05ν +√Cf + Ft
Where:
Fd = total equivalent load applied at pitch line velocity or dynamic load, lb
Ft = tangential load required for power transmission, 4582.551759 lb. lb
Fi = increment load (variable load), lb
C = a factor depending upon machining errors, 2320
ν= pith line velocity, 295.0724134 ft/min
f = face width,8.719633636 in.
From Fig. 11-12 Maximum Permissible error in gears at various speed, error in gear = .003555
for pitch line velocity equal to 295.0724134 ft/min.
Thus class 1, industrial gears cut with formed cutters will be used from Table 11-5 Maximum
Error in action between gear; e= 0.0029 for diametral pitch equal to 3.5.
From Table 11-6 Values of the dynamic factor, C the materials are both cast iron, error in gear is
equal to 0.0029 through interpolation, we get
0.002 1600
0.0029 C
32 | P a g e
0.003 2400
C = 2320
Therefore
0.05(295.0724134){(2320)(8.719633636 )+2361.307581}
Fd= 4582.551759 +
0.05(295.0724134) +√ (2320 x 8.719633636 ) + 4582.551759
Fd = 6707.494578 lb.
Design of spur gear for wear
The load limit for wear is expressed by the eq. 11-20 (Doughtie and Vallance, p.275)
Dp f S²ew sinф 2Ng 1 1

Fw = x Np+Ng x (Ep + Eg)
1.4
Where:
Sew = surface endurance limit, 90000 psi from Table 11-7 Fatigue limits of gear materials
for gray cast iron. (Doughtie and Vallance, p. 275)
Tg = number of teeth of the gear, 228
Tp = number of teeth of the pinion, 42
Ep = modulus of elasticity for pinion, 12x10⁶ psi from Table 2-1 General properties of
commonly used material for cast iron. (Doughtie and Vallance, p.11)
Eg = modulus of elasticity for gear, 12x10⁶ psi for cast iron
Dp = diametral pitch, 3.5
f = face width, 8.719633636 in.
3.5 𝑥8.719633636 𝑥 90000²𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛14.5 2(228) 1 1

Fw = x 42+228 x (12x10⁶ + 12x10⁶)
1.4
Fw= 12,444.36486 lb.
33 | P a g e
The value of Fw is not less than the value of dynamic load Fd, therefore it is ok.
Solving for the force acting on Gear
Solving for the actual transmitted force or tangential load required for power
transmission.
𝐹𝑟
𝐹𝑛
𝐹𝑡
34 | P a g e
Forces acting on Gear
33000 Hp
Ft = Vm
33000 x 21.51202784
Ft = 295.0724134
Ft = 2405.839674 lb.
𝐹𝑡
Fn = cosф
2405.839674
Fn=
cos14.5
Fn = 2484.99255 lb.
Fr= Fttanф
= 2405.839674 tan14.5
Fr = 622.1924448 lb
Weight of pinion
πD²fρ
Wp = 4
Where:
D = diameter of pinion, 12 in.
f = face width, 8.719633636 in.
ρ = density of the pinion material, 0.256 lb/in³ for ordinary cast iron
𝜋
Wp= 4 x 122x 8.719633636 x 0.256
Wp = 252.4588367 lb.
35 | P a g e
Weight of gear
πD²fρ
Wp = 4
Where:
D = diameter of gear, 65 in.
f = face width, 8.719633636 in.
ρ = density of the pinion material, 0.256 lb/in³ for ordinary cast iron
𝜋
Wp= 4 x 652x 8.719633636 x 0.256
Wp = 7407.212397 lb.
Design for Shaft
Design condition:
Material used: AISI C117 Annealed Carbon Steel
Tensile strength: 62,000 psi
Yield strength: 40,000 psi
From Table AT 8 Typical Properties of Steel (Faires, p.578)
36 | P a g e
Design for Shaft 1
Computing for Angle of Contact
D₂−D₁
Cos α = from eq. by Spotts, p.293
2C
Where:
D₂= diameter of big sheave, 58 in
D₁= diameter of small sheave, 13 in
C = center distance, 60.47971223 in
18−4
α = cosˉ¹ 2 𝑥 60.47971223
37 | P a g e
α = 68.15940562o
Solving for Forces on Belt at D Section
F₁= 1224.342989 lb
F₂= 675.4347934 lb
Fx₁ = F₁ x sinα =1224.342989 lbx (sin 68.15940562)
Fx₁ = 1136.462683 lb
Fy₁ = F₁x cosα = 1224.342989 lbx(cos68.15940562)
Fy₁ = 455.4869102 lb (downward)
Fx₂= F₂x sinα = 675.4347934x(sin 68.15940562)
Fx₂ = 626.9537574 lb
Fy₂= F₂ x cosα = 675.4347934x (cos 68.15940562)
Fy₂ = 251.2790206 lb (upward)
Horizontal component, Fx= Fx₁ + Fx₂
Fx = 1136.462683 + 626.9537574
Fx = 1763.41644 lb
Vertical component, Fy = Fy₂ + Fy₁
Fy= -455.4869102 + 251.2790206
Fy= 204.2078896 lb (downward)
Forces at D section due to weight of the sheave, Ws
Ws = 7440.09561 lb
38 | P a g e
Total load at D section,
FHA = 1763.41644
FVA = 204.2078896 – 7440.09561
FVA = 7235.88772lb (downward)
Forces at A section due to tangential force acting on gear A.
Horizontal Component, Fx = Fr = 622.1924448 lb (to the left)
Vertical Component, Fy = Ft = 2405.839674 lb (upward)
Forces at D section due to weight of pinion,
Wp = 373.7741276 lb
Total load on D section,
FHD = 622.1924448 lb
39 | P a g e
FVD = 2405.839674 - 373.7741276
FVD = 2023.065546lb (upward)
Solving for the vertical component of the bearing
ΣMC = 0
45FHA + 30RVB = 15 FVD
RVB = -551.476843 lb
ΣFV = 0
FVA + RVB = RVB + FVD
RVC = 5007.750761 lb
40 | P a g e
For bending moment:
ΣMA = 0
ΣMB = 2779.612802 (15) = 41649.20703 in-lb
ΣMC = 41649.20703 + (2228.136959 x 30) = 108,538.3158 in-lb
ΣMD = 108,538.3158 – (7235.88772 x 15) = 0
41 | P a g e
Solving for the horizontal component of the bearing
ΣMC = 0
30RHB = 45 FHA+ 15 FHD
45(622.1924448)+15(1763.41644)
RHB = 30
RHB = 1814.996887 lb
ΣFV= 0
RHB+ RHC= FHA + FHD
RHC= 1763.41644 + 622.1924448 –1814.996887
RHC = 570.6119978 lb
42 | P a g e
For bending moment:
ΣMB = -622.192448 (15) = -9332.886672 in-lb
ΣMC = -9332.886672 + (1192.886672 x 30) = 26451.24659 in-lb
ΣMD = 26451.24659 – (1763.41644 x 15) = 0
43 | P a g e
Resultant Moment at Section B and C.
MB =√(41694.207032 ) + (9332.8866722 )
MB =42725.93859 in-lb
MC =√(108538.31582 ) + (26451.246592 )
MC = 111714.9696 in-lb
Therefore, maximum moment occurs at Section C.
Data for Loading of Shaft
Load
Section Resultant
Vertical Horizontal
2023.05546lb 622.1924448 lb 2848.39793 lb
A
551.476843lb 1814.996887 lb 1896.929205 lb
B
5007.750761lb 570.61198 lb 5040.155329 lb
C
7235.88772 lb 1763.41644 lb 7447.664643 lb
D
Data for Moment on Shaft
Moment
Section Resultant
Vertical Horizontal
B 41694.20703 in-lb -9332.886672 in-lb 42715.93859 in-lb
44 | P a g e
C 108538.3158 in-lb 26451.24659 in-lb 111714.9696 in-lb
Solving for Torque Supplied by Motor
2𝜋𝑇𝑁
Hp=33000
33000 x 21.51202784HP
T= 2𝜋𝑥 89.65517241𝑟𝑝𝑚
T= 1260.201734 ft.lb or 15122.4208 lb.in
Computing for the Required Diameter of the Shaft
From eq. 13 Maximum Shearing Stress Theory by Spotts,p.157.
0.5𝜎𝑦𝑝 16
𝜏max = = 𝜋𝑑3 √(𝐶𝑚 𝑀)2 + (𝐶𝑡 𝑇)2
𝐹𝑠
Where:
𝜏max= maximum shear stress
σyp= yield point stress
Fs = factor of safety, 2
D = diameter of the shaft
M = maximum bending moment, 111714.9696 lb.in
T = maximum torque, 15122.4208 lb.in
Cm = shock and fatigue factor due to be applied for the computed bending moment, 1.5 form
Table 3-1 constants for ASME Code or rotating shafts with gradually applied or steady load
(Spotts, .157)
Ct = shock and fatigue factor due to be applied for the computed torque, 1.0 from Table 3-1
constants for ASME Code or rotating shafts with gradually applied or steady load (Spotts, .157)
45 | P a g e
From ASME Code B17C -1927, Section 21, p.171
Recommended working stress, τma x for the commercial shafting is 8000 psi in any
materials , if there is a key way at the section for which the stress calculation are made,
the working stress calculation is to be reduced to 75% of the value for the solid circular shaft.
Solving:
τma x = 8000 x 0.75 = 6000 psi
Therefore:
16
6000 = 𝜋𝑑3 √(1.5 x 111714.9696 𝑖𝑛 − 𝑙𝑏)2 + (1 𝑥15122.4208in − lb)2
D = 4.575018338 in.
15
The nearest value for standard machinery shafting by Faires, p.269 is 4 in. (4.9375 in.)
16
with a tolerance of 0.005 in.
15
Therefore, I use4 16in. (4.9375 in.) for diameter of shaft 1.
Selection of Bearing for the shaft 1
Computing for the maximum actual radial load of the bearing at B section.
RVB = 7235.88772lb
RHB = 1763.41644 lb
Fr=√(7235.88772)2 + (1763.41644)2
Fr=7447.664643 lb.
46 | P a g e
Solving for catalog rated force, FC
From eq. 9-17 by Doughtie and Vallance, p.209
Fc = (KaKl) Ko Kp Ks Kt Fr
Where:
Fc = catalog rating of bearing, lb (Table 9-7 & 9-8)
Fr= actual radial load on the bearing, 7447.664643 lb.
Ka= application factor taking into account the amount of shock (Table 9-4), 1.3 for moderate
shock and using roller bearing
𝐻𝑎
Kl =∛𝐻𝑐𝐾𝑟𝑒𝑙, life factor
Ha = desired life of bearing, 10 years
Hc= catalog rated life, 10,000 hrs.
Krel= reliability factor (Table 9-3) 1.0
Ha = 24(365) (3)
Ha = 26280 hrs.
Hc =10,000 hrs.
26280
Kl = ∛1.0 𝑥 10000 = 1.3799887397
Ko= oscillation factor, 1 for anyconstant rotational condition
Kp = preloading factor, 1.0 for non-preloaded straight roller bearings
𝐾𝑟𝑁𝑎
Ks =∛ , speed factor
𝑁𝑐
Na = rotational speed of bearing, 89.65517241 rpm
47 | P a g e
Nc = catalog rated rotational speed, 500 rpm
Kr = rotational factor, 1.0 for fixed outer race and rotating inner race
1.0(89.65517241 )
Ks = ∛ = 0.563899594
500
Kt = thrust factor, 1.0 for no thrust-load component
Therefore,
Fc = (1.3)(1.3799887397)(1.0)(1.0)(0.563899594)(1.0)(7447.664643 lb)
Fc = 7534.263235 lb
From Table 9-7 Typical radial capacity Fc of Straight Cylindrical Roller Bearing (Doughtie and
Vallance, p.212) for the shaft diameter of 4.9375 in., I select SAE 224roller ball bearing with F c
of 12160lb and bearing bore of 4.7244 in. The shaft may be machined so bearing can be
inserted.
Design for Key of the Pinion on the Shaft 1
Design Condition :
Material Used: AISI C117, Annealed Carbon Steel
Su = 62,000 psi
Sy = 40,500 psi
From Table AT 19 Key Dimension (Faires, p.594)
For shaft diameter of 4.7244in.,
1 7
b = 1 4 in t = 8 in
48 | P a g e
Design for Shearing Stress, Ss
0.5 𝑆𝑦
Ss= 𝐹𝑠
Where:
Sy = yield stress, 40,500 psi
Fs = factor of safety, 3.0 from Table 1.1 Factors of Safety for repeated, one direction, gradual
mild shock (Faires, p.20)
0.5 𝑥40,500
Ss = = 6750 psi.
3
Design for Compressive Stress, Sc
𝑆𝑦
Sc= 𝐹𝑠
Where:
40,500
Sc = 3
= 13500 psi.
Solving for the Force Transmitted, F
Computing for the force transmitted due to torque T,
𝑇
F=𝑟
15122.4208
F= 4.7244
𝑖𝑛
2
F = 6401.837609 lb.
49 | P a g e
Solving for the Length of the Key
a. Based on the bearing stress of the key.
𝐹
Sc= 𝐴
6401.837609 lb.
13500 = 7
8𝐿
2
L = 1.083909013 in.
a. Based on the shearing stress of the key.
𝐹
Ss =𝐴
6401.837609 lb
6750= 1
1
4𝐿
2
L = 1.517472618 in.
1 7
Therefore, I use L = 1.517472618 in. and 14 𝑖𝑛 x 8 𝑖𝑛 key.
Design for Shaft 2
Design Condition:
Material Used: AISI C117 Annealed Carbon Steel
Tensile Strength: 62 000 psi
Yield Strength: 40 500 psi
50 | P a g e
Forces at gear due to tangential force:
Horizontal Component:
Fx = Fr = 622.1924448 lb.
Vertical Component :
Fy = Ft = 2405.839674 lb.
Forces due to weight of gear B:
51 | P a g e
Wg = 7407.212397 lb.
Total reaction on Section B:
FHA = 622.1924448 lb.
FVA = 2405.839674 + (-7407.212397)
FVA = 5001.372723 lb (downward)
Calculation of tension of the chain:
From http://chain-guide.com/basics/2-3-1-coefficient-of-friction.html, An inclined

conveyor is set up the same way as a horizontal conveyor.
Tension of Chain Conveyor
52 | P a g e
T1 = 1.35 × m × L1 × (g / 1,000) (kN)
T2 = (L - L1) × m × f1× (g / 1,000) + T1(kN)
T3 = 1.1 x T2(kN)
Where:
Tma x = Maximum chain tension (kN).
T = Static chain tension at each part of conveyor (kN).
L = Horizontal center distance between sprockets (m).
= 50ft or 15.24390244m
L1 = 1.5ft x (1m/3.28ft) = 0.4573170732 m
m = Mass of the working portion of the chain (kg/m).
= 32.8 lbs./ft. (0.4536kg/1lb x 3.28ft/1m)
= 48.8001024 kg/m
M = Mass of the conveyed object in conveying section (kg/m).
= (50 lb/ft) x (0.4536 kg/lb) x (3.28 ft/m)
= 74.3904 kg/m
f1 = Coefficient of friction between the chain and the guide rail when conveying.
= 0.33 from Table 4, Appendix A
Note: In one newton there is 0.224808943 pounds of force.
T1= 1.35 x 48.8001024 x 9.81/1000

T1= 0.2955567787 KN
T1= 66.44380702 lbs
T2 = 14.78658537 x 9.81/1000 x48.8001024 x 0.22 + 0.2955567787

T2= 1.852885584 KN
T2= 416.5452495 lbs
53 | P a g e
T3= 1.1(1.852885584)
T3= 2.038174142 KN
T3= 458.1997746 lbs
Tmax= 3,550 lbs
Tension on head shaft:
T = Tmax+ T1
T = 3550 lb + 66.44380702 lb
T = 3616. 443807 lb
Solving for Vertical Component of the Bearing
54 | P a g e
FVA = 5001.372723 (downward)
FVC = 216 lbs + T sin β
= 216 + 3616.443807 sin 36.8699˚
FVC = 2385.866403 lb (downward)
FVE = FVC
FVE = 2385.866403 lb (downward)
ΣMB = 0
10FVA + 25 RVD = 10FVC + 40FVE
25RVD = -10(5001.372723) + 10(2385.866403) + 40(2385.866403)
RVD = 2771.183717 lb (upward)
ΣFy = 0
RVB = 5001.372723 + 2(2385.866403) – 2771.183717
RVB = 7001.921812 lb
55 | P a g e
For bending moment:
MB = -5001.372723 (10) = -50013.72723 in-lb
MC = -5001.732723 + 2000.549089 (10) = -30008.23634 in-lb
MD = 2385.866403 (15) = 35787.99606 in-lb
56 | P a g e
Solving for horizontal component of the bearing
FHA = 622.839674 lb (to the left)
FHC = T cos β
= 3616.44807 cos 36.8699˚
FHC = 2893.154956 (to the right)
FHE = T cos β
= 3616.443807 cos 36.8699˚
FHE = 2893.154956 lb (to the right)
ΣMB = 0
10FHA + 10FHC + 40FHE = 25 RHD
25 RHD = 10(622.839674) + 10(2893.154956) + 40(2893.154956)
RHD = 6035.445782 lb (to the left)
57 | P a g e
ΣFy = 0
FHA + RHD = FHC + FHE + RHB
RHB = (622.839674 + 6035.445782) – (2 x 2893.154956)
RHB = 871.975544 lb (to the right)
58 | P a g e
For bending moment:
MB = 622.839674 (10) = 6228.39674 in-lb
MC = 622.839674 – 10(240.13587) = 3737.03804 in-lb
MD = 2893.154956 (15) = 43397.32434 in-lb
Resultant Moment:
MB =√(50013.727232 ) + (6228.396742 )
MB =50400.05791 in-lb
MC =√(30008.23236342 ) + (3737.038042 )
MC = 30240.03475 in-lb
MD=√(35787.996062 ) + (43397.324342 )
MD= 56250.40819 in-lb
Therefore, maximum moment occurs at D Section.
Data for Loading of Shaft
Load
Section Resultant
Vertical Horizontal
5001.372723 lb 622.839674 lb 5040.005791 lb
A
7001.921812 lb 871.975544 lb 7056.008107 lb
B
59 | P a g e
2385.866403 lb 2893.154956 lb 3750.027212 lb

C
2771.183717 lb 6035.445782 lb 6641.239717 lb
D
2385.866403 lb 2893.154956 lb 3750.027212 lb
E
Data for Moment on Shaft
Moment
Section Vertical Horizontal Resultant
B 50013.72723 in-lb 6228.39674 in-lb 50400.05791 in-lb

C 30008.23634 in-lb 3737.03804 in-lb 30240.03475 in-lb
D 35787.99606 in-lb 43397.32434 in-lb 56250.40819 in-lb
The shaft diameter is equal to the maximum bore of the hub of the sprocket, 5.440 in.
The standard shaft diameter available for the sprocket is 5 7/8 in which is less than the
maximum bore. Keyset: width = 1 ¼; depth = 5/8.
Solving for the Maximum Torque, T

Where: Hp = transmitted horsepower, 20.8666667 Hp
T = maximum torque
N = rpm of the shaft, 16.47708841 rpm
2𝜋𝑇𝑁
Hp=33000
33000 x 20.866667HP
T= 2𝜋𝑥16.47708841𝑟𝑝𝑚
60 | P a g e
T=79815.62611 in-lb
Selection of Bearing for the shaft 2
Computing for the maximum actual radial load of the bearing at B section.
Vertical Component, RVB = 7001.92182lb
Horizontal Component, RHB = 871.975544 lb
Fr=√(7001.92182)2 + (871.975544)2
Fr=7056.008107 lb.
Solving for catalog rated force, FC
From eq. 9-17 by Doughtie and Vallance, p.209
Fc = (KaKl) Ko Kp Ks Kt Fr
Where:
Fc = catalog rating of bearing, lb (Table 9-7 & 9-8)
Fr= actual radial load on the bearing, 7056.008107 lb.
Ka= application factor taking into account the amount of shock (Table 9-4), 1.3 for
moderate shock and using roller bearing
𝐻𝑎
Kl =∛𝐻𝑐𝐾𝑟𝑒𝑙, life factor
Ha = desired life of bearing, 10 years
Hc= catalog rated life, 10,000 hrs.
Krel= reliability factor (Table 9-3) 1.0
61 | P a g e
Ha = 24(365) (3)
Ha = 26280 hrs.
Hc =10,000 hrs.
26280
Kl = ∛1.0 𝑥 10000 = 1.3799887397
Ko= oscillation factor, 1 for anyconstant rotational condition
Kp = preloading factor, 1.0 for non-preloaded straight roller bearings
𝐾𝑟𝑁𝑎
Ks =∛ , speed factor
𝑁𝑐
Na = rotational speed of bearing, 16.47708841 rpm
Nc = catalog rated rotational speed, 500 rpm
Kr = rotational factor, 1.0 for fixed outer race and rotating inner race
1.0(16.47708841 )
Ks = ∛ = 0.3206049002
500
Kt = thrust factor, 1.0 for no thrust-load component
Therefore,
Fc = (1.3)(1.3799887397)(1.0)(1.0)(0.3206049002)(1.0)(7056.008107 lb)
Fc = 4058.333187lb
From Table 9-7 Typical radial capacity Fc of Straight Cylindrical Roller Bearing (Doughtie and
Vallance, p.212) for the shaft diameter of 5.440 in., I select SAE 226roller ball bearing with F c of
23720lb and bearing bore of 5.1181 in. The shaft may be machined so bearing can be inserted.
62 | P a g e
Design for Key of the Pinion on the Shaft 2
Design Condition :
Material Used: AISI C117, Annealed Carbon Steel
Su = 62,000 psi
Sy = 40,500 psi
From Table AT 19 Key Dimension (Faires, p.594)
For shaft diameter of 5.1181in.,
1 7
b = 1 4 in t = 8 in
Design for Shearing Stress, Ss
0.5 𝑆𝑦
Ss= 𝐹𝑠
Where:
0.5 𝑥40,500
Ss = = 6750 psi.
3
Design for Compressive Stress, Sc
𝑆𝑦
Sc= 𝐹𝑠
63 | P a g e
Where:
Sy = yield stress, 40500 psi
40,500
Sc = = 13500 psi.
3
Solving for the Torque
Where: Hp = transmitted horsepower, 20.8666667 Hp

T = maximum torque
N = rpm of the shaft, 16.47708841 rpm
2𝜋𝑇𝑁
Hp=33000
33000 x 20.866667HP
T=2𝜋𝑥 16.47708841𝑟𝑝𝑚
T= 79815.62611 in-lb
Hence,
Computing for the force transmitted due to torque T,
𝑇
F=𝑟
79815.62611
F= 5.1181
𝑖𝑛
2
F = 31189.5532 lb.
Solving for the Length of the Key
b. Based on the bearing stress of the key.
𝐹
Sc= 𝐴
64 | P a g e
79815.62611 lb.
13500 = 7
8𝐿
2
L = 5.280770912 in.
b. Based on the shearing stress of the key.
𝐹
Ss =𝐴
79815.62611lb
6750 = 1
1
4𝐿
2
L = 7.393079277 in.
1 7
Therefore, I use L =7.393079277 in.and 14 𝑖𝑛 x 8 𝑖𝑛 key.
Design for Shaft 3 (Tailshaft)
Since the same sprocket size is to be used from the shaft 2 (headshaft), the same material and
diameter of the shaft is to be used.
The shaft is equal to the maximum bore of the hub of the sprocket, 5.440 in. The standard shaft
diameter available for the sprocket is 5 7/16 in and from Table 2, Standard keyways and set
screws, keyset: width = 1 ¼ in.; depth = 5/8 in.
Bolt Design for the Bearings
Design Condition:
Material Used: AISI 1045, Annealed Carbon Steel
Sy = 55 000 psi
65 | P a g e
Su = 90 000 psi
(From Table AT 8 Typical Properties of Steel, Faires, p. 578)
Number of Bolts : 2 bolts
Fs = 3.0, from Table 1.1 Factors of Safety, based on yield strength of steel, ductile metals
(Faires, p. 20)
I will use the same size of bolts for all the bearing caps for the three shafts. And to
compute the size of the bolt, I will use the maximum value of the horizontal reaction for
shearing of the three shafts divided by the number of bolts. The vertical reaction has no effect
on the bolt because all the vertical forces are in downward direction.
Figure of Bolts on the Bearing
Solving for the size of the bolts Based on the Shearing Stress
0.5𝑆𝑦
𝑆𝑠 = 𝐹𝑠
Where:
Sy = yield stress, 55000 psi
Fs= factor of Safety, 3.0
𝐹
𝑆𝑠 = 𝐴
Where:
F = Maximum shear force, 6047.038175 lb (at shaft 2, D Section)
66 | P a g e
A = Cross sectional area of the bolt
Therefore,
0.5𝑆𝑦 𝐹
= 𝜋
𝐹𝑠 2 (4 𝐷2 )
0.5(55000) 6047.038175
= 𝜋
3.0 2 (4 𝐷2 )
D = 0.6480457952 in.
From Table 6-1 Unified & American National threads, coarse, fine, and extra-fine series
(Doughtie and Vallance, p.130), I select ¾ in. UNC bolt with Ar= 0.334 in² and minor diameter of
0.6273 in. The bolt being screwed into the part is the threaded part.
67 | P a g e
DESIGN SUMMARY
Elements Specifications Loadings

Motor 25 Hp HpTransmitted= 22.64423983hp
400 rpm
V-belt D 240 V-belts HpTransmitted= 22.64423983hp
C = 60.47971223 in.
L = 240.8 in.
Vm= 1361.356817 ft/min
n =8 Leather V-belts
1 3
b x t = 1 x in.
4 4
Sheave of V-belt D1 = 13 in
D2 =58 in
T = 11 in
C = 60.47971223 in.
N1 = 400 rpm
N2 = 89.65517241 rpm
Shaft 1 AISI C117 Annealed Carbon Steel @ section C,
D = 4.9375 in Mmax= 111714.9696 in-lb
L = 60 in Tmax = 15122.4208 lb.in
Bearing on Shaft 1 SAE 224 straight cylindrical roller (radial load)

bearing
Fr=7447.664643 lb.
Ha = 26280 hrs.
Bore = 4.7244 in.
Key on shaft 1 AISI C117 Annealed Carbon Steel (bearing stress)
1
b = 14 in σ= 13500 psi
t = 7/8 in
L = 1.517472618 in.
Shaft 2 AISI C117 Annealed Carbon Steel @ section D,

D = 5.440 in Mmax= 56250.40819 in-lb
L = 50 in Tmax = 79815.62611 in-lb
Bearing on Shaft 2 SAE 224 straight cylindrical roller (radial load)

bearing
Fr=7056.008107 lb
Ha = 26280 hrs.
Bore = 5.1181 in.
Key on shaft 2 AISI C117 Annealed Carbon Steel (shearing stress)
1
b = 14 in σ= 6750 psi
t = 7/8 in
L = 7.393079277 in.
68 | P a g e
Shaft 3 (tailshaft) AISI C117 Annealed Carbon Steel @ section D,
D = 5.4375 in Mmax= 56250.40819 in-lb
L = 50 in Tmax = 79815.62611 in-lb
Spur Gear Speed HpTransmitted=21.51202784 Hp

Reduction
Pinion Ordinary Cast iron Ft = 2405.839674 lb.

Ф = 14 ½ degrees
Fr = 622.1924448 lb
D = 12.57142857 in.
N = 89.65517241 rpm Fn = 2484.99255 lb.
T = 42 teeth
f = 8.974920374 in.
Vm= 295.0724134 ft/min.
P= 3.5 TPI
Gear Hubbed Gear Ft = 2405.839674 lb.

Ordinary Cast Iron
Fr = 622.1924448 lb
Ф = 14 ½ degrees
D = 65.71428571 in. Fn = 2484.99255 lb.
T = 228 teeth
N = 16.47708841 rpm
f = 8.974920374 in.
P= 3.5 TPI
Chain Chain number: 1131R Material weight per foot = 50
Pitch: 6.000 lbs/ft
Chain weight = 5 lbs/ft
Conveyor pull = 3130 lbs
Maximum Tension = 3550 lbs
Sprockets Material: stainless steel T1 = 66.44380702 lbs
Style: RC (Roller conveyor) T2 = 416.5452495 lbs
Type: hunting tooth chain saver T3 = 458.1997746 lbs
sprocket, double hub type Maximum Tension = 3550 lbs
Stock bore: 1.50 in.
Max bore: 5.440 in.
Hub diameter: 8.0 in.
Pitch diameter: 23.182 in.
Roller diameter: 3.0 in.
Plate thickness: 1.250 in.
Bolt on Bearing AISI 1045 Annealed Carbon Steel (shearing stress)
3 τ= 9052.452358 psi
in-10 UNC bolt
4
Ar= 0.334 in2
N= 2 bolts
69 | P a g e
REFERENCES
Books:
Doughtie, V.L., &Vallance, A. (1978).Design of Machine Members(4thed.).New York: McGraw- Hill, INC.
Faires, V.M. (1969). Design of Machine Elements (4thed.). New York: MacMillan Company.
Morse, F. (1953).Power Plant Engineering. Philippines: Litton Educational Pubishing, INC.
Spotts, M.F. (1991). Design of Machine Elements (6thed.). Singapore: Simon & Schuster (Asia) Pte Ltd.
Subaran, G.C. (1985). Mechanical engineering board reviewer: Machine design materials and shop
practices (2nd ed., Vol.1). Manila: 24K Printing CO., INC
Internet:
http://www.ustsubaki.com/eng_chain_cd/images/pdf/c_sprselecguidelns51-59.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_conveyor
70 | P a g e
APPENDICES
A. Chain Conveyor Data Specifications
71 | P a g e
72 | P a g e
73 | P a g e
74 | P a g e
75 | P a g e
76 | P a g e
77 | P a g e
78 | P a g e
B. Drive system data and specifications
Figure 17.14 Belt Selections from Horsepower and Speed
79 | P a g e
Table 17.7 Service Factors
80 | P a g e
Table 17.5 Arc-of contact factors
Table 17.3 Standard V-belt Lengths; Table 17.4 small diameter

Horsepower Constants factor
81 | P a g e
Table 17.6 Length Correction Factors
Table AT8 Typical Properties of Steel-Various Sizes and Conditions
82 | P a g e
Table 16-5 Coefficient of Friction For Belts
Table 9-3 Typical Reliability Factors for rolling element bearings
83 | P a g e
Table 9-4 Typical Values of application factor for roller and ball bearings
Table 9-5 Typical trust factors Kt for ball bearing
84 | P a g e
Table 9-2 SAE and International Standard dimensions for ball and Roller Bearings
85 | P a g e
Table 9-7 Typical Radial Capacity for Ball bearings
Table AT 19 Key Dimensions
86 | P a g e
Table 6-1 Uniform and American National Threads, coarse, fine and extra-fine
87 | P a g e
Table 1.1 Factors of safety
88 | P a g e

Alforque Conveyor

Transféré par

Informations du document

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Alforque Conveyor

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

INCLINED CHAIN CONVEYOR 2014

A conveyor is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves materials

An incline scraper conveyor has been tentatively selected to handle bituminous

• Operating capacity: Q = 150 ton/hr

 Bulk material (example: limestone)

Typical Material Classifications For Chain Conveyors

Typical Chain Types for Conveyor Service

Chain Rolling or Chain Sliding

Chain Rolling and Its Advantages

P = Total Conveyor Pull (lbs.)

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE INCLINED CHAIN CONVEYOR

ISOMETRIC VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM

TOP VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM

SIDE VIEW OF THE INCLINED CHAIN CONVEYOR

BACK VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM

SIDE VIEW OF THE DRIVING SYSTEM

A. Inclined Chain conveyor design computations

For Chain Rolling

CW = .002 (M) (C)

CW = .002 (50) (50)

CW = 5.00 lbs./ft. (very light duty rolling)

For Chain Rolling

Recalculate Chain Tension

Material: special material such as stainless steel

Solving for the rpm of sprockets

RPM of Sprocket = V / 2pr

Variation of Chain Speed due to Chordal Action

Minimum Velocity = 0.2618(PD)cos(180/T)(N)

Design horsepower to drive mechanism including losses:

Losses in V-belt = 5% (Morse, p.452)

Transmitted power on spur gears

Transmitted power on V-Belt

Power in kilowatt, KW = 16.89260291 KW

Driving System Design

Solving for the RPM of the Driven Sheave

Speed Ratio: N1D1=N2D2

Solving for the Center Distance between Sheaves

C = [(D2 + D1)/2] + D1 or C = D2 whichever is longer.

I choose C = 58 which is longer

Solving for the Belt Length

Eq. 17.3 (Faires, p.446)

νm = 1361.356817 ft/min or 22.68928028 ft/sec

Solving the Rated Hp

From equation (l) by Faires, p. 456,

D₁ = pitch diameter of the small sheave, 13 in

Kd = small diameter factor (Table 17.4), 1.14

νm = belt speed, 1361.356817 ft/min

Computing for Design Hp

Design Hp = Nsf (Transmitted Hp)

Transmitted Power on the V-belt = 3.325 ℎ𝑝

Solving for the Actual Cente Distance where L=240.8 in.

𝐵 = 4(240.8) − 6.28(58 + 13)

517.32 + √517.322 − 32(58 − 13)2

Computing for Adjusted Rated Hp

Adjusted Rated Hp = Kl x Kѳ x Rated Hp

Kѳ = arc of contact factor

Kl = length of correction factor

From Table 17.5 Arc of Contact Factors (Faires, p.459)

Adjusted Rated Hp = (1.0) (0.8811896814)(4.930591382 Hp)

Adjusted Rated Hp = 4.344786249 Hp

Solving for the Number of Belts

Number of Belts = 8 belts

Use 8 Leather V-belts D240 with pitch length equal to 240.8in.

Solving for Belt Tension