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Specifications

Geometric Data

Inside Diameter 5.50 𝑚𝑚

Outside Diameter 382.26 𝑚𝑚

Shell Thickness 2.33 𝑚𝑚

Pressure and Temperature

Design Pressure 86.325kPa

Operating Pressure 101.325 kPa

Design Temperatures 424 𝐾

Operating 352 𝐾
Temperatures

Type Packed Gas Absorber

Packing Type of Packing Berl Saddles Ceramic

Packing Size 50 𝑚𝑚

Pressure Drop 𝑘𝑃𝑎

0.5
𝑚 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔

Packing Height 2.9864 𝑚

Packing Height 3.88 𝑚

Column

Tower Diameter 0.3776 𝑚

Tower Area 0.1815 𝑚2

Packing Factor 45 𝑓𝑡 −1
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PACKED HEIGHT

(Separation Processes Principle, Seader, Henly, page 262)

−2/3
0.75 (0.9564)0.40
9.017 𝑥 10−6
𝑘𝑦 𝑎 = (0.0085)( 0.9564) ( )
(0.062428)(1.12𝑥10−5 )

𝑘𝑦 𝑎 = 1.468 𝑥 10−3

𝐿
𝐴=
𝐾𝑦𝑎𝑉

423.649 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐴=
0.0151 ∗ 2669.134 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝐴 = 2.9864
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𝑉
𝐻𝑜𝐺 =
𝐾𝑦𝑎𝑆

𝑙𝑏
1.051 𝑥 10−3 𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐻𝑜𝐺 =
0.0151 ∗ 2.43 𝑓𝑡 2

𝑙𝑏
𝐻𝑜𝐺 = 0.02865
𝑚𝑜𝑙 − 𝑓𝑡 2

[0.0116−1] (0.0445−(0.0151)(0.5198)) 1
𝑙𝑛 {[ ] [(0.1097−(0.0151)(0.5198))] + (0.0116)}
0.0116
𝑁𝑂𝐺 = (0.0116−1)
0.0116

𝑁𝑂𝐺 = 5.0286

𝐻 = 5.0286 ∗ 0.02865

𝑯 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟒𝟒𝟏 𝒇𝒕
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Process Design Calculation

Calculating the abscissa for pressure drop and flooding correlation using
Sherwood Correlation [Treybal, R.E., (1981). Mass Transfer Operations. 3rd ed.
Singapore: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.]

𝜌𝑔 0.5
𝑨𝒃𝒔𝒄𝒊𝒔𝒔𝒂 = (𝐿′ /𝐺 ′ ) ( )
𝜌𝐿

Density of gas

Generated from ASPEN

𝑘𝑔
𝜌𝑔 = 1.05
𝑚3

Therefore,

𝜌𝑔 0.5
𝑥 = 𝐿′ /𝐺 ′ ( )
𝜌𝑙

0.5
𝑘𝑔
𝑘𝑔 1.05 𝑚3
𝑥 = 0.5924 ( 𝑘𝑔)
𝑠 1000
𝑚3

𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐

Calculating for Pressure drop,

ΔP flooding = 0.115 (𝐹𝑃 )0.7

Where 𝐹𝑃 = packing factor

𝐹𝑃 = 587 (for Berl Saddles Ceramic, Nominal Size 1’)

ΔP flooding = 0.115 (45)0.7

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ΔP flooding = 1.65

Where pressure drops at flooding from as low as 0.6 to as high as 3, therefore, the
pressure drops at flooding is acceptable.

Figure 9.9.1. Sherwood and Lobo Correlation

We can get the value of

Therefore:

= 0.15
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Values:

Ф =specific gravity of absorbent = 1.0

𝑙𝑏
UL = 0.7867 cP = 0.000528 𝑓𝑡−𝑠

Since the reference graph above is in English units. Convert first the
value of the following simulated parameter into English units and once done
convert it into SI units.

2 𝑙𝑏
(𝐺 ′ ) (45)(1.0)( 0.000528 )^0.1
𝑓𝑡−𝑠
𝑙𝑏 𝑙𝑏 𝑚 = 0.15
(0.065 )(61.62 )(32.2 )
𝑓𝑡3 𝑓𝑡3 𝑠2

𝑙𝑏
G’ = 0.9564𝑓𝑡 2 −𝑠

𝒌𝒈
G’ = 4.67𝒎𝟐 −𝒔

Actual gas flow rate

Goperating = G’ (f) = actual flowrate per unit area

Taking f =0.70 (gas flow rate flooding value)

Goperating = (4.67kg/m2-s) (0.70) = 3.269 kg/m2-s

Calculating the packed bed diameter on actual gas flow per unit area in the
system

𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 ( 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)

Tower Area = 𝐺𝑎𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 ( 𝐺 𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔)

𝑘𝑔
0.5934
𝑠
= 𝑘𝑔
3.269 2
𝑚 −𝑠
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Tower Area = 0.1815 m2

4
Tower Diameter = √𝜋 (𝑇𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎)

4
= √𝜋 (0.1815𝑚2 )

Tower Diameter = 0.3776 m

Height of the theoretical plate (HETP) by Peter’s et al (2002)

When packings are used instead of trays, the same enrichment of the
vapour will occur over a certain height of packings, and this height is termed the
height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP). As all sections of the packings
are physically the same, it is assumed that one equilibrium (theoretical) plate is
represented by a given height of packings. Thus the required height of packings
for any desired separation is given by (HETP x No. of ideal trays required). In
industrial practice, the HETP concept is used to convert empirically the number
of theoretical trays to packing height. ("Chemical Engineering Vol.2", 4th Ed.,
Coulson & Richardson, p.508-509)

𝐻𝐸𝑇𝑃 = 0.5𝐷0.3

𝐻𝐸𝑇𝑃 = 0.5(0.3776)0.3

𝐻𝐸𝑇𝑃 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝟑𝟑𝒎

𝑍 = 𝐻𝐸𝑇𝑃 × 𝑁
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Where N is the number of theoretical stages and it can be estimated in Table

𝐺
9.9.1 wherein we can take 0.8 as the value of m 𝐿𝑚 , which is the optimum
𝑚

value.

Table 9.9.1.Estimation of Number of Theoretical Stages

(Coulson, 2005)

𝐺
Since m𝐿𝑚 = 0.8, thus, N= 8.
𝑚

Packing height (Z) = HETP x N

= 0.3733 m x 8

Packing height (Z) = 2.9864 m

Thickness of Shell

𝑃𝑖 𝐷𝑖
𝑡𝑠 = +𝐶
2𝑆𝑒 − 𝑃𝑖

Inner Diameter, m 0.3776

Height of Packing required, m 2.5608
Material of Construction Carbon Steel
Permissible stress, MPa 86.32
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Operating pressure, MPa 0.101325

Design Pressure, MPa 0.1500
Corrosion Allowance, mm 2

0.1500(377.6)
𝑡𝑠 = +2
2(86.32) − 0.1500
𝑡𝑠 = 2.33 𝑚𝑚

Calculating the outer diameter,

𝐷𝑜 = 377.6 + 2(2.33)

𝑫𝒐 = 𝟑𝟖𝟐. 𝟐𝟔 𝒎𝒎 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟖𝟐𝟐𝟔 𝒎