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Steel grades
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Steel grades to classify various steels by their composition and physical
properties have been developed by a number of standards organizations.

SAE steel grades

British Standards
International Organization for Standardization ISO/TS 4949:2003
European standards - EN 10027
For alloys in general (including steel), unified numbering system (UNS) of ASTM
International and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).
Japanese steel grades : Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) standard
Germany steel grades : DIN standard
China steel grades : GB standard
Contents
1 European standard steel grades
1.1 Category 1
1.2 Additional symbols
1.3 European standard steel number
2 Comparisons
3 Color Codes for API Steel Grade
4 References
4.1 Notes
4.2 Bibliography
5 External links
European standard steel grades

EN 10027-1 steel grade designation system.

[1] European standard steel grade names fall into two categories:

Steel specified by purpose of use and mechanical properties.

Steel specified by chemical composition.
The inclusion of a letter 'G' before the code indicates the steel is specified in
the form of a casting.

Category 1
Basic grade designations for category 1 steels consist of a single letter
(designating application) then a number signifying the mechanical property (often
yield strength) dictated in the standard for that application designation. For some
application designations another letter is included before the property value, this
number is used to indicate any special requirements or conditions. These additional
letters and values depend entirely on the application of the steel and are
specified in the standard and far too numerous to mention here.

The next set of 3 digits gives the steel�s minimum yield strength. So S355 has a
minimum yield strength of 355 MPa for the smallest thickness range covered by the
relevant standard � i.e. EN10025.[2]

Below is a table indicating the most common application codes.

Application symbol Meaning Mechanical Property Details
S Structural steel Minimum Yield Strength
P Steel for pressure lines and vessels Minimum Yield Strength
L Steel for pipe and tube Minimum Yield Strength
E Engineering steels Minimum Yield Strength
B Steel for reinforced concrete Characteristic Yield Case
R Steel for rail use Minimum Yield Case
H High Tensile Strength Flat products Minimum Yield Case If followed by T
then the given mechanical property is minimum tensile strength
D Flat Products for Cold Forming Followed by C, D or X and two
numbers characterising steel
T Tinmill Products Nominal Yield Case
M Electrical Steel Number = 100 x specific loss in W/kg
Number = 100 x nom thick in mm Letter for type of steel (A,B,E,N,S or P)

Additional symbols
In addition to the above category codes there are symbols that can be added to the
grade code to identify any additional compositional requirements, delivery
conditions, mechanical properties, &c. These values depend solely on the
type/application code given in the first part of the code and are so numerous as to
be impossible to indicate here. Additional symbols are separated from the main code
by the plus sign (+).

The most common additional symbols are the impact and temperature codes for
structural steels, category 1 - Sxxx.

Impact Resistance Temperature

Impact
code Testing
strength Temperature
code Testing
temperature
J 27 J R Room temperature
K 40 J O 0 �C
L 60 J 2 -20 �C
3 -30 �C
4 -40 �C
5 -50 �C
6 -60 �C
Delivery condition codes are also relatively common, the most common being:

Code Condition
A Annealed
QT Quenched and tempered
N Normalised
SR Stress relieved
C Cold worked
U Untreated
European standard steel number
In addition to the descriptive steel grade naming system indicated above, within EN
10027-2 is defined a system for creating unique steel grade numbers. While less
descriptive and intuitive than the grand names they are easier to tabulate and use
in data processing applications.

The number is in the following format: x.yyzz(zz)

Where x is the material type (only 1 is specified so far), yy is the steel group
number (specified in EN10027-2) and zz(zz) is a sequential number designated by the
certifying body, the number in brackets being unused but reserved for later use.
The steel groups are indicated below:

Code Type
Non-alloy steels
00 & 90 Basic steels
0x & 9x Quality steels
1x Special steels
Alloy steels
2x Tool steels
3x Miscellaneous steels
4x Stainless and heat resistant steels
5x � 8x Structural, pressure vessel and engineering steels
08 & 98 Special physical properties
09 & 99 Other purpose steels
The current certification body is the VDEh in D�sseldorf, Germany.

Comparisons
Below is a table comparing steel grades from different grading systems.

Comparison of steel grades by chemistry[3][4]

EN steel number EN steel name SAE grade UNS DIN BS 970 UNI JIS
Carbon steels
1.1141
1.0401
1.0453 C15D
C18D 1010
1018 CK15
C15
C16.8 040A15
080M15
080A15
EN3B C15
C16
1C15 S12C
S15
S15CK
S15C
1.0503
1.1191
1.1193
1.1194 C45 1045 C45
CK45
CF45
CQ45 060A47
080A46
080M46 C45
1C45
C46
C43 S45C
S48C
1.0726
1.0727 35S20
45S20 1140/1146 35S20
45S20 212M40
En8M
1.0715
1.0736 11SMn37 1215 9SMn28
9SMn36 230M07
En1A CF9SMn28
CF9SMn36 SUM 25
SUM 22
1.0718
1.0737 11SMnPb30
11SMnPb37 12L14 9SMnPb28
9SMnPb36 230M07 Leaded
En1B Leaded CF9SMnPb29
CF9SMnPb36 SUM 22
SUM 23
SUM 24
Alloy steels
1.7218 4130 25CrMo4
GS-25CrMo4 708A30
CDS110 25CrMo4 (KB)
30CrMo4 SCM 420
SCM 430
SCCrM1
1.7223
1.7225
1.7227
1.3563 42CrMo4 4140/4142 41CrMo4
42CrMo4
42CrMoS4
43CrMo4 708M40
708A42
709M40
En19
En19C 41CrMo4
38CrMo4 (KB)
G40 CrMo4
42CrMo4 SCM 440
SCM 440H
SNB 7
SCM 4M
SCM 4
1.6582
1.6562 34CrNiMo6 4340 34CrNiMo6
40NiCrMo8-4 817M40
En24 35NiCrMo6 (KB)
40NiCrMo7 (KB) SNCM 447
SNB24-1-5
1.6543
1.6523 20NiCrMo2-2 8620 21NiCrMo22
21NiCrMo2 805A20
805M20 20NiCrMo2 SNCM 200 (H)
Stainless steels
1.4310 X10CrNi18-8 301 S30100
1.4318 X2CrNiN18-7 301LN
1.4305 X8CrNiS18-9 303 S30300 X10CrNiS18-9 303S 31
En58M X10CrNiS18-09 SUS 303
1.4301 X2CrNi19-11
X2CrNi18-10 304 S30400 X5CrNi18-9
X5CrNi18-10
XCrNi19-9 304S 15
304S 16
304S 18
304S 25
En58E X5CrNi18-10 SUS 304
SUS 304-CSP
1.4306 X2CrNi19-11 304L S30403 304S 11 SUS304L
1.4311 X2CrNiN18-10 304LN S30453
1.4948[citation needed] X6CrNi18-11 304H S30409
1.4303[citation needed] X5CrNi18-12 305 S30500
1.4401
1.4436 X5CrNiMo17-12-2
X5CrNiMo18-14-3 316 S31600 X5CrNiMo17 12 2
X5CrNiMo17 13 3
X5CrNiMo 19 11
X5CrNiMo 18 11 316S 29
316S 31
316S 33
En58J X5CrNiMo17 12
X5CrNiMo17 13
X8CrNiMo17 13 SUS 316
SUS316TP
1.4404 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 316L S31603 316S 11 SUS316L
1.4406
1.4429 X2CrNiMoN17-12-2
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 316LN S31653
1.4571 316Ti S31635 X6CrNiMoTi17-12 320S 33
1.4438 X2CrNiMo18-15-4 317L S31703
1.4541 321 S32100 X6CrNiTi18-10 321S 31 SUS321
1.4878[citation needed] X12CrNiTi18-9 321H S32109
1.4512[citation needed] X6CrTi12 409 S40900 SUH409
410 S41000
1.4016 430 S43000 X6Cr17 430S 17 SUS430
440A S44002
1.4112[citation needed] 440B S44003
1.4125[citation needed] 440C S44004 X105CrMo17 SUS440C
1.4104 430F S44020 X14CrMoS17 SUS430F
1.4057 X17CrNi16-2 431 X[5] S43100 X16CrNi16 431S 29 SUS431
1.4539 X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 904L N08904
1.4547 X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 S31254
1.4565 NIT50 S20910
NIT60 S21800
Tool steels
1.2363 X100CrMoV5 A-2 T30102[6] X100CrMoV51 BA 2 X100CrMoV5-1 KU SKD 12
A-3 T30103[7]
A-4 T30104[8]
A-6 T30106[9]
A-7 T30107[10]
A-8 T30108[11]
A-9 T30109[12]
1.2379 X153CrMoV12 D-2 X153CrMoV12-1 BD 2 X155CrVMo12-1 SKD 11
1.2510 O-1 100MnCrW4 Bo 1 95MnWCr-5 KU
Color Codes for API Steel Grade
In order to clearly distinguish the steel grade, tubing, casing and its coupling
should be painted with color codes respectively. Color bands should be painted on
tubing and casing body longer than 600mm to either end. The whole outer-body of the
coupling needs to be painted color and then color codes

Steel Grade Coupling Tubular Body

API Tubing and Casing H40 None None or black band at the manufacturer�s option
J55 all green one green band
K55 all green two green bands
N80-1 all red one red band
N80-Q all red + one green band one red band + one green band
L80-1 all red + one brown band one red band + one brown band
L80-9Cr colorless + two yellow bands one red band + one brown band + two
yellow bands
L80-13Cr colorless + one yellow band one red band + one brown band + one
yellow band
C90-1 all purple one purple band
T95-1 all silver one silver band
C110 all white + two brown bands one white band + two brown bands
P110 all white one white band
Q125 all orange one orange band
API 5B and 5CT provide various steel grades and color codes of each grade, offering
detailed and overall information of casing and tubing, which help you clearly pick
out the most suitable products for different well application.

References
Notes
EN 10027, European committee for standardisation
http://www.oakleysteel.co.uk/thick-steel-plates/steel-information/guide-en-10027-
steel-names
"Standards comparison". Retrieved 2008-12-31..
Oberg, pp. 411-412.
"Chronifer M-15 X (431 X) steel developed by L. Klein SA". www.kleinmetals.ch.
Retrieved 2017-01-12.
AISI A2, Efunda, archived from the original on 2010-12-25, retrieved 2010-12-25.
AISI A3, Efunda, archived from the original on 2010-12-25, retrieved 2010-12-25.
AISI A4, Efunda, archived from the original on 2010-12-25, retrieved 2010-12-25.
AISI A6, Efunda, archived from the original on 2010-12-25, retrieved 2010-12-25.
AISI A7, Efunda, archived from the original on 2010-12-25, retrieved 2010-12-25.
AISI A8, Efunda, archived from the original on 2010-12-25, retrieved 2010-12-25.
AISI A9, Efunda, archived from the original on 2010-12-25, retrieved 2010-12-25.
Bibliography
Oberg, E.; et al. (1996), Machinery's Handbook (25th ed.), Industrial Press Inc
External links
Steel classification according to EN 10027-2.Free searchable database "European
steel and alloy grades"
Comparison of various steel standards
Comparison of various tool steel standards
General guide to the EN 10027 steel name and numbering systems.
Categories: Steels
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