A Seminar on topic

BELT CONVEYOR

PRESENTED BY-
ALOK KUMAR MISHRA
DEPTT. OF MINING
MACHINERY ENGG.
CONTENT
 Introduction
 Main elements of belt conveyor
 Aspects of belt conveyor design
 Working of belt conveyor
 Advantages of belt conveyor
 Disadvantages of belt conveyor
 Maintenance procedures
 Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
 A belt conveyor is a
bulk material handling
equipment.
 It transports bulk
materials over long
distances and over
terrains requiring a
wide range of paths of
travel.
MAIN ELEMENTS OF BELT CONVEYOR
 BELT
 IDLERS
 PULLEYS
 DRIVE UNIT
 SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
ASPECTS OF BELT CONVEYOR DESIGN

 CHECKING/DETERMINING CAPACITY OF A BELT

CONVEYOR,
 CALCULATING MAX. BELT TENSION REQUIRED TO
CONVEY THE LOAD,
 BELT SELECTION,
 SELECTION OF DRIVING PULLEY,
 DETERMINATION OF MOTOR POWER,
 SELECTION OF IDLERS AND ITS SPACING.
CAPACITY OF BELT CONVEYOR
 It mainly depends upon-
-Area of cross section of coal load on belt
-Speed of belt
 Based on uniform feed to the conveyor, local cross section area
(A0) is-
A0 = 𝑘𝐵 𝐵 − 0.1 + 0.11𝐵2 tan 𝛼
where,
B- Belt width,
𝛼- Surcharge angle
k- It’s a constant varies with trough angle .
 Capacity equation
Q = 3600A0.𝜌.V.K1
where,
𝜌 −bulk density (ton/m3 )
K1- A reducing factor on inclined and declined conveyor.
 Value of reducing factor decreases as the inclination angle
increases.
MAXIMUM BELT TENSION
 The limiting ratio of tensions when slip is about to occur

P1
=eμθ
P2
Where,
P1 - Bigger tension in top strand
P2 - Lower strand tension
Θ- Angle of wrap
μ- Coeff. Of grip or friction
BELT SELECTION CRITERIA
 All belt conveyors for bulk materials use rubber-covered conveyor
belts made of a woven carcass having strength enough to pull and
support the load.
 Rubber cover protects it from being damaged.
 Types of belts according to application
- Conventional belting
- Steel cable belts
- Heat service belts
FACTORS INFLUENCING BELT SELECTION

 Required belt tension requirements

 Length and speed of conveyor
 Abrasiveness of material handled
 Size of lumps and their tendency to cut or tear the cover
 Method of loading conveyor
PULLEY DIAMETER SELECTION
 Pulley diameter depends on thickness of belts used or for surface
installation no. of plies used in belt.
Pulley dia. (Dp) = K.i
where,
i- no. of plies (2-12) or thickness in mm.
K- 120-150 for stationary surface conveying,
80-100 for main trunk conveying
65-80 for gate conveyor
50-65 for tail drive
POWER REQUIREMENT
Total Power is summation of
 Power to move empty belt,
 Power to move load horizontally,
 Power to move load vertically.

𝑃 = [𝐾2.(L+45)B.V]+[L. Q ∗ 10−4 ]+[28Lsin θ.Q∗ 10−4 ] kw

Where,
K 2 -coefficient which depends on equivalent mass of idlers & mass of belt
type selected for job.
Θ-Belt inclination.
IDLERS AND ITS SPACING
 Idlers are used to protect and
support the belt and load to be
carried.
 The spacing of idlers on the
loaded run depends on bulk
weight of material and width
of the belt.
(1.2m-1.5m) for < 1ton/m3
(1.1m-1.4m) for > 1 ton/m3
WORKING OF BELT CONVEYOR SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES OF BELT CONVEYOR
 Silent continuous transport.
 Require less manpower.
 Less accident prone.
 Require simple arrangements both at loading & unloading ends.
 Multipoint loading is convenient.
 Energy efficient compared to other means of transport because of high
pay load to total load ratio.
 Less prone to breakdowns.
DISADVANTAGES OF BELT CONVEYOR
 A separate arrangement for material handling is required.
 Hot material can not be transported by belt conveyor.
 Vertical transport can not be done by belt conveyor.
MAINTENANACE PROCEDURES
 Rubber or metal bladed wipers located on or near the head pulley of
the conveyor provide adequate cleaning and economical
construction.
 Sometimes water spray, compressed air or fixed or power driven
revolving brushes are used.
 Tramp iron can be removed from materials carried on belt
conveyors by either permanent or electromagnetic pulleys.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Material handling handbook vol.2 by Raymond A. Kulwiec
 Mechanics of bulk material handling by Norman Brook
 www.conveyorsystemmanufacturer.com
 www.Wikipedia.com
Thank You