PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY

SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 62 of 131

Design Columns for the lightest W10's and W12's section. Columns are to be sized for two options:
Option I Continuous, Option II with Splices. Then prices are to be compared to select most economical
option. Both explicit calculations or Column Design Tables may be used.

COLUMN A-1 LOAD TAKEOFF

Dead load (psf) Live load (psf)
Roof = 30 20 KLL (corner)= 1
3 Floor =
rd
61 80 Fy (ksi)= 50
2nd Floor = 61 80
Bold Numbers are
Roof Live Loads

Tributary Areas Width (ft) Length (ft)

At 1 = 18 15 270

Plan View
At 1 :
DL = 61 psf At 1 15
LL = 80 psf
Penthouse
18

Note: Live load reduction can be applied in accordance with ASCE 7-02 section 4.8.1
(see ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1)
L = Lo*(0.25+15/AI^0.5) ASCE 7-02 Eq. 4-1 AI (1) = 270 <400 ft^2
L = reduced design live load value in psf
Lo = unreduced live load in psf if AI > 400 ft^2 live load reduction is allowed
AI = Tributary area *KLL L > 0.5*Lo (columns supporting one floor)
L > 0.4*Lo (columns supporting two or more floors)

L (2nd floor) = 80 psf > 32 psf, thus use = 80

L (3rd floor) = 80 psf > 32 psf, thus use = 80

Note: Live roof loads are NOT allowed to be Reduced

Live load reduction is not allowed since AI < 400 ft^2. Use 80 psf.
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 63 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
METHOD 1 - EXPLICIT CALCULATIONS
METHOD 2 - USE COLUMN DESIGN TABLES
CONTINUOUS - L =13 FEET
Notation:
φPn - design compressive strength, kips
Fcr - critical design force
λc - width-thickness ratio
Ag - gross area of member, in2
Fy - specified yield strength, ksi
E - modulus of elasticity, ksi
K - effective length factor
l - Laterally unbraced length of member, in
r - governing radius of gyration about the axis of buckling, in

Begin Load Takeoff from roof and proceed downward:

From Ground floor to 2nd floor:

dead loads (psf) live loads (psf)

Roof 30 20
3 Floor
rd
61 80
2nd Floor 61 80

Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6*live load]

Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* roof live load]

Pu (Roof) = 68 psf * A1 = 18 kips

Pu (3rd Floor) = 201 psf * A1 = 54 kips
Pu (2nd Floor) = 201 psf * A1 = 54 kips
sum = 127 kips

PU = 127 kips

Note: Use column A1 for ALL Corner Columns.

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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 64 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
From Ground floor to 2nd floor:
Note: For small axial loads the smallest section from the column design Tables (Table 4-2 LRFD)
may not be the lightest. If this is the case, do explicit calculations and then try a section from the
Table 1-25 LRFD. Use W8x24 as the smallest size (do not use W10’s or W12’s with a nominal
weight less than 24 lb/ft). If the column tables are used you only need to write down the section
selected and its capacity.

Analysis
φPn = 0.85 * Ag * Fcr
Fcr = (.658λc^2) * Fy when λc < 1.5
Fcr = (0.877 / λc2) * Fy when λc > 1.5
λc = (K * L/π ∗ r) * (Fy / E)0.5
(Equation E2-1 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-2 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-3 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-4 LRFD p.16.1-27)

Fy = 50 ksi
K= 1
Pu = 127 kips L= 13.00 ft
E= 29000 ksi

Assume KL/r = 60 to start

λc = 0.7930
Fcr = 38.4 ksi
Ag = 3.89 in2

LRFD p.4-25
Check W 12:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in2 KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK

LRFD p.4-26
Check W 10:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in 2
KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 65 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
METHOD 1 - EXPLICIT CALCULATIONS
METHOD 2 - USE COLUMN DESIGN TABLES
CONTINUOUS - L =13 FEET
Notation:
φPn - design compressive strength, kips
Fcr - critical design force
λc - width-thickness ratio
Ag - gross area of member, in2
Fy - specified yield strength, ksi
E - modulus of elasticity, ksi
K - effective length factor
l - Laterally unbraced length of member, in
r - governing radius of gyration about the axis of buckling, in

From Ground 2nd floor to 3rd floor:

dead loads (psf) live loads (psf)

Roof 30 20
3rd Floor 61 80
2 Floor
nd
- -

Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6*live load]

Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* roof live load]

Pu (Roof) = 68 psf * A1 = 18 kips

Pu (3rd Floor) = 201 psf * A1 = 54 kips

sum = 73 kips

PU = 73 kips
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 66 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
From Ground 2nd floor to 3rd floor:
Note: For small axial loads the smallest section from the column design Tables (Table 4-2 LRFD)
may not be the lightest. If this is the case, do explicit calculations and then try a section from the
Table 1-25 LRFD. Use W8x24 as the smallest size (do not use W10’s or W12’s with a nominal
weight less than 24 lb/ft). If the column tables are used you only need to write down the section
selected and its capacity.

Analysis
φPn = 0.85 * Ag * Fcr
Fcr = (.658λc^2) * Fy when λc < 1.5
Fcr = (0.877 / λc2) * Fy when λc > 1.5
λc = (K * L/π ∗ r) * (Fy / E)0.5
(Equation E2-1 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-2 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-3 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-4 LRFD p.16.1-27)

Fy = 50 ksi
K= 1
Pu = 73 kips L= 13.00 ft
E= 29000 ksi

Assume KL/r = 60 to start

λc = 0.7930
Fcr = 38.4 ksi
Ag = 2.23 in2

LRFD p.4-25
Check W 12:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in2 KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK

LRFD p.4-26
Check W 10:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in2 KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 67 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
METHOD 1 - EXPLICIT CALCULATIONS
METHOD 2 - USE COLUMN DESIGN TABLES
CONTINUOUS - L =13 FEET
Notation:
φPn - design compressive strength, kips
Fcr - critical design force
λc - width-thickness ratio
Ag - gross area of member, in2
Fy - specified yield strength, ksi
E - modulus of elasticity, ksi
K - effective length factor
l - Laterally unbraced length of member, in
r - governing radius of gyration about the axis of buckling, in

From 3rd floor to roof level:

dead loads (psf) live loads (psf)

Roof 30 20
3 Floor
rd
- -
2 Floor
nd
- -

Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6*live load]

Pu = [1.2*dead load + 1.6* roof live load]

Pu (Roof) = 68 psf * A1 = 18 kips

sum = 18 kips

PU = 18 kips
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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 68 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
From 3rd floor to roof level:
Note: For small axial loads the smallest section from the column design Tables (Table 4-2 LRFD)
may not be the lightest. If this is the case, do explicit calculations and then try a section from the
Table 1-25 LRFD. Use W8x24 as the smallest size (do not use W10’s or W12’s with a nominal
weight less than 24 lb/ft). If the column tables are used you only need to write down the section
selected and its capacity.

Analysis
φPn = 0.85 * Ag * Fcr
Fcr = (.658λc^2) * Fy when λc < 1.5
Fcr = (0.877 / λc2) * Fy when λc > 1.5
λc = (K * L/π ∗ r) * (Fy / E)0.5
(Equation E2-1 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-2 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-3 LRFD p.16.1-27)
(Equation E2-4 LRFD p.16.1-27)

Fy = 50 ksi
K= 1
Pu = 18 kips L= 13.00 ft
E= 29000 ksi

Assume KL/r = 60 to start

λc = 0.7930
Fcr = 38.4 ksi
Ag = 0.56 in2

LRFD p.4-25
Check W 12:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in2 KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
φPn > Pu ? Section OK

LRFD p.4-26
Check W 10:
Select W8x24 KL/rx = 45.6
Ag = 7.08 in2 KL/ry = 96.9
ry = 1.61 in λc = 1.28
rx/ry = 2.12 in Fcr = 25.2
rx = 3.42 in φPn = 151.5
Lab Note: When beams and girders are framed to columns with simple shear connections, the columns are
usually designed as concentrically loaded members.

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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 69 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
SPLICED vs CONTINOUS

Steel Prices per ton = $1,600

Wt of additional splice (lb)b = 500

W10's

Analysis
Continous:
Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W10x30 39 0.59 $936
Wt. / ft (lb)= 30
Total cost = $936

All columns spliced:

Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W10x30 13 0.2 $312
Wt. / ft (lb)= 30
W8x24 13 0.16 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
W8x24 13 0.16 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
1 splice = 0.25 $400
Total cost = $1,211

TOTAL COST = $936.00

Continuous columns are more economical

b - indicates general value according to Modern Steel Construction, April 2000

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PROJECT: STEEL BUILDING DESIGN CASE STUDY
SUBJECT: CORNER COLUMN DESIGN SHEET 70 of 131
COLUMN DESIGN
SPLICED vs CONTINOUS

Steel Prices per ton = $1,600

Wt of additional splice (lb)b = 500

W12's

Analysis
Continous:
Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W12x26 39 0.51 $811
Wt. / ft (lb)= 26
Total cost = $811

All columns spliced:

Member Length (ft) Weight (tons) Cost
W12x26 13 0.17 $270
Wt. / ft (lb)= 26
W8x24 13 0.16 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
W8x24 13 0.16 $250
Wt. / ft (lb)= 24
1 splice = 0.25 $400
Total cost = $1,170

TOTAL COST = $811.20

Continuous columns are more economical

W12's sections are more economical

Note: W12's section are more economical. But, since we used W10's for the
interior and edge columns, use W10's section for the corner columns to be consistent.

Total cost = $936.00

b - indicates general value according to Modern Steel Construction, April 2000

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