A COMPREHENSIVE VIEW OF

GENETIC DIVERSITY

THE LEADER IN LONG-READ SEQUENCING

Single Molecule, Real-Time (SMRT®) Sequencing combines long reads with uniform coverage
to provide uniquely comprehensive views of plant and animal genomes and transcriptomes.
High-quality genome assemblies and evidence-based annotations promote improved genetic
marker development, discovery of novel genes, and structural variation characterization.

GENERATE HIGH-QUALITY REFERENCE GENOMES REVEAL THE COMPLEXITY OF THE TRANSCRIPTOME

Homeologous gene pairs were identified in the A (blue chromosomes) Significantly more alternative transcripts per gene were uncovered in
and B (green chromosomes) sub-genomes of tetraploid Quinoa1. chicken, compared with the Ensembl annotations2.

-- Achieve large, gapless contigs to access more
SNPs and structural variants
-- Differentiate and distinguish haplotypes, as well
as gene-expansion and duplication events
-- Long reads span transposable elements to aid in
evolutionary analysis
-- Discover novel genes and gene isoforms not
possible to reassemble with short-read RNA-seq
-- Obtain intact genes and gene clusters for
reconstructing biosynthetic pathways
-- Uncover direct annotation evidence with full-length
RNA sequencing, no assembly required

p a c b . c o m /a g b i o
CHARACTERIZE MICROBES AND UNCOVER THE DIVERSITY OF GENE FAMILIES
MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES
-- Generate gold-standard microbial reference -- Study complex traits of multi-gene families with
genomes targeted sequencing and flexible assay design
-- Clarify the role of mobile elements in drug -- Identify previously unrecognized gene diversity
resistance and transmission and allelic variation
-- Resolve microbial communities to species level -- Differentiate polyploid gene duplications,
paralogs, and orthologs

Relative abundances and bacterial diversity were detected to Using PacBio BAC sequencing, a model was developed for
species level in cheese samples3. expansion of venom toxin gene PLA2 group 2 complex based on
sequence divergence of specific duplicated regions4.

“… WE WERE ABLE TO IDENTIFY HUNDREDS “WE HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO START

OF NEW GENES — COMPLETE GENES THAT LOOKING AT GENOMES IN A WAY THAT WAS
HAD NOT BEEN ANNOTATED PREVIOUSLY.” NEVER POSSIBLE BEFORE.”
—ALISHA HOLLOWAY, —DOREEN WARE, USDA-ARS & COLD
THE GLADSTONE INSTITUTES5 SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY6

KEY REFERENCES
1. Jarvis, David E. et al. (2017) The genome of Chenopodium quinoa. Nature. 542, 307-312.
2. Kuo, Richard I. et al. (2017) Normalized long read RNA sequencing in chicken reveals transcriptome complexity similar to human.
BMC Genomics. 18, 323.
3. Li, Jing et al. (2016) Bacterial microbiota of Kazakhstan cheese revealed by single molecule real time (SMRT) sequencing and its
comparison with Belgian, Kalmykian and Italian artisanal cheeses. BMC Microbiology. 17, 13.
4. Dowell, Noah L. et al. (2016) The deep origin and recent loss of venom toxin genes in rattlesnakes. Current Biology. 26(18),
2434-2445.
5. Thomas S. et al. (2014) Long-read sequencing of chicken transcripts and identification of new transcript isoforms. PLoS ONE.
9(4), E94650.
6. Ware, D. (2016) Single-molecule sequencing of the maize genome and transcriptome. PAG XXIV presentation, January 12, 2016,
San Diego.

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