lee (dl28863) – homework 06a – turner – (90130) 1

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3

+
+
π

+
+
001 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points 7

+
+
A proton is accelerated through a potential +
r +
+
difference of 2.6 × 106 . +
+
How much kinetic energy has the proton
acquired if its mass is 1.673 × 10−27 kg and O x
the elemental charge is 1.602 × 10−19 C? What is the potential VO at the origin O
due to this arc?
Correct answer: 4.1652 × 10−13 J.
5 λ
Explanation: 1. VO =
28 ǫ0
5 λ
2. VO =
Let : ∆V = 2.6 × 106 and 32 ǫ0
q = 1.602 × 10−19 C . 1 λ
3. VO =
7 ǫ0
3 λ
4. VO =
∆K = ∆U = q ∆V 14 ǫ0
= (1.602 × 10−19 C) (2.6 × 106 ) 5. VO = 0
= 4.1652 × 10−13 J . 5 λ
6. VO =
24 ǫ0
5 λ
002 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points 7. VO =
36 ǫ0
If the proton started at rest, how fast is it
1 λ
moving? 8. VO =
5 ǫ0
Correct answer: 2.23144 × 107 m/s. 3 λ
9. VO =
22 ǫ0
Explanation:
3 λ
10. VO = correct
Let : m = 1.673 × 10−27 kg . 28 ǫ0

Since Ki = 0 J, Explanation:
The potential at a point due to a contin-
dq
Z
1 uous charge distribution is V = ke .
∆K = Kf = m vf2 r
2 s In this case, with linear charge density λ ,
r dq = λ ds = λ r dθ , so
2 Kf 2 (4.1652 × 10−13 J)
vf = =
m 1.673 × 10−27 kg 3
π Z 3π
1
Z
7 7
V = ke λ dθ = λ dθ
= 2.23144 × 107 m/s . 0 4 π ǫ0 0
3 π  
λ 7 λ 3
= θ  = π−0
003 10.0 points 4 π ǫ0 0 4 π ǫ0 7
Consider a circular arc of constant linear 3 λ
= .
charge density λ as shown below. 28 ǫ0
 lee (dl28863) – homework 06a – turner – (90130) 2
is given by
004 10.0 points q
V =k .
A dipole field pattern is shown in the figure. r
Consider various relationships between the For a dipole system, the total potential at
electric potential at different points given in any point is the sum of potentials due to one
the figure. positive point charge and one negative point
charge (Superposition Principle).
From symmetry considerations, it is easy
T to see that the electric field lines are perpen-
H
dicular to a line which passes through the
K midpoint K and points T and D.
+ − No work needs to be done to move a positive
test charge along the midplane because the
force and the displacement are perpendicular
R to each other.
D
VT = VK = VD , relation (b).
Furthermore, moving along the direction of
Consider five potential relationships a electric field line (i.e., moving in the direc-
a) VT = VD > VK tion from positive charge to negative charge
b) VT = VD = VK along the electric field line) always lowers the
c) VT = VD < VK electric potential, because the electric field
d) VH < VK < VR will do positive work to a positive test charge
e) VH > VK > VR in order to lower its electric potential energy.
Which relationships are correct? Therefore, VH < VT by considering the line
going from T to H, and VD < VR by consid-
1. (c) only ering the line going from R to D.
VH < VK < VR , relation (d).
2. (c) and (e) only
The correct choices are (b) and (d) only.
3. (d) only
005 10.0 points
4. (a) and (e) only The three charges shown in the figure are
located at the vertices of an isosceles triangle.
5. (a) only 5.8 × 10−9 C
+
6. (a) and (d) only
cm

5. 8

7. (c) and (d) only

5. 8

cm

8. (e) only
−6.1 × 10−9 C − − −6.1 × 10−9 C
9. (b) and (d) only correct 2.4 cm
Calculate the electric potential at the mid-
10. (b) and (e) only
point of the base. The value of the Coulomb
constant is 8.98755 × 109 N · m2 /C2 , and the
Explanation: acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .
The electric potential due to one single
point charge at a distance r from the charge Correct answer: −8218.71 V.
 lee (dl28863) – homework 06a – turner – (90130) 3
Explanation: Consider a conducting sphere with radius R
and charge +Q , surrounded by a conducting
spherical shell with inner radius 2 R, outer
Let : q1 = 5.8 × 10−9 C , radius 3 R and net charge +Q .
q2 = q3 = −6.1 × 10−9 C ,
a = 5.8 cm ,
b = 2.4 cm , and
ke = 8.98755 × 109 N · m2 /C2 .
+Q
Let r1 , r2 and r3 be the distances of the
respective charges from the midpoint of the
base of the triangle. +Q
+
What potential vs radial distance diagram
describes this situation?
a r1

− −


r2 r3

kQ
6R
q b
V = ke , r2 = r3 = , and 1. 
s r 2
 2 V
b 1p 2
r1 = a 2 − = 4 a − b2 ,
2 2
r
so the total electric potential is R 2R 3R

Vtot = V1 + V2 + V3
q1 q2 q3


= ke + ke + ke
kQ
6R

r r2 r3
1



2 q1 2 q2 2 q3 2.
= ke √ + +
V

4a2 − b2 b b
 
q1 q2 + q3
= 2 ke √ +
4a2 − b2 b r
  R 2R 3R
q1 2 q2
= 2 ke √ +
4a2 − b2 b

kQ
6R

= 2 (8.98755 × 10 N · m2 /C2 )
9
3.


"
5.8 × 10−9 C
× p
V

4 (0.058 m)2 − (0.024 m)2 r

R 2R 3R
10−9 correct

2 (−6.1 × C)
+
0.024 m
= −8218.71 V .

006 10.0 points

 lee (dl28863) – homework 06a – turner – (90130) 4



1 1 kQ

kQ
6R
VR = Vr = V0 = k Q + =7 .
4. R 6R 6R

V
r 007 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
R 2R 3R
Explanation: Consider a system of a metallic ball with
The charge on the inner sphere is +Q , con- net charge q1 and radius R1 enclosed by a
centrated on its surface. The induced charge spherically symmetric metallic shell with net
on the inner surface of the spherical shell is charge q2 , inner radius R2 and outer radius
−Q , so the charge on the outer surface of the R3 . If q2′′ is the charge on the outside surface
spherical shell is of the shell and q2′ the charge on its inside
surface, then q2′′ + q2′ = q2 .
Qnet − Qinner = +Q − (−Q) = +2 Q .
q2
q2′

q2′′
q1
R1
O
+Q R2
B
Q on surface
−Q on surface C
+Q R3
2 Q on surface
Find the potential at C. OB = b and
The potential within a conductor is con- OC = c .
stant and the electric field within a conductor
is zero. q1
1. VC = 2 k
The potential for 3 R < R < ∞ (outside c
the conductors) is √ q2
2. VC = 2 k
c
q2
3. VC = k
   
+Q + (+Q) 2Q
Vr = k =k . c
r r q1 + q2 q1 q1
4. VC = k −k +k
For 2 R ≤ r ≤ 3 R (inside the conducting R3 R2 R1
shell), q1 − q2
5. VC = k √
  2c
2Q q1
V3R = Vr = V2R = k . 6. VC = k
3R c
For R < r < 2 R (between the conductors), q1 + q2 q1 q1
7. VC = k −k +k
r3 b R1
  q1 + q2 q1 q1
+Q −Q 2 Q 8. VC = k −k +k
Vr = k + + R3 R2 b
r 2R 3R q1 + q2 q1 q1
9. VC = k −k +k
 
1 1 c R2 b
= kQ + .
r 6R q1 + q2
10. VC = k correct
For 0 < r ≤ R (inside the conducting c
sphere), Explanation:
 lee (dl28863) – homework 06a – turner – (90130) 5
C is outside of the entire charge distribution
a distance c from the center, so the enclosed q2′′ q1 + q2
V3 = k =k .
charge Qencl = q1 + q2 can be treated as a R3 R3
point charge, and Thus the total potential is
q1 + q2
VC = k . VB = V1 + V2 + V3
c
q1 q1 q1 + q2
=k −k +k .
008 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points b R2 R3
Determine the potential at B.
q1 009 10.0 points
1. VB = k Four identical particles each have charge
b
q1 + q2 0.7 µC and mass 0.03 kg. They are released
2. VB = k from rest at the vertices of a square of side
b
q1 + q2 q1 q1 0.43 m.
3. VB = k −k +k How fast is each charge moving when their
c R2 b
distances from the center of the square dou-
q1 + q2 q1 q1
4. VB = k −k +k bles? The value of the Coulomb constant is
R3 R2 R1 8.98755 × 109 N · m2 /C2 .
q2
5. VB = k
b Correct answer: 0.679769 m/s.
q1 + q2 q1 q1
6. VB = k −k +k correct Explanation:
R3 R2 b
√ q2
7. VB = 2 k
c
q1 + q2 q1 q1 Let : m = 0.03 kg ,
8. VB = k −k +k q = 0.7 µC ,
R3 b R1
q1 L = 0.43 m , and
9. VB = 2 k
b ke = 8.98755 × 109 N · m2 /C2 .
q1 − q2
10. VB = k √
2c Each charge moves along its diagonal line,
Explanation: and by symmetry each has the same speed.
B is between the shell and the sphere. Con- The initial potential energy of the system of
sider a Gaussian surface through B concentric charges is
to the system. Let us start from the inside  
2 4 2
and use superposition to add contributions as Ui = k e q + √ .
we go outward. L L 2
We are outside of the sphere, so we can
The final potential energy is obtained by dou-
treat its charge q1 as a point charge, and its
bling the distances.
potential is
By conservation of energy
q1
V1 = k .
b
The inner surface of the shell carries an (K + U )i = (K + U )f
induced charge of q2′ = −q1 so its potential is 4 ke q 2 2 ke q 2 m v 2 4 ke q 2 2 ke q 2
+ √ =4 + + √
q2′ q1 L L 2 2 2L 2L 2
V2 = k = −k .
R2 R2
ke q 2
 
The outer surface of the shell carries a 1
2+ √ = 2 m v2
charge of q2′′ = q1 + q2 , so its potential is L 2
 lee (dl28863) – homework 06a – turner – (90130) 6

s
ke q 2
 
1
v= 1+ √
mL 2 2
Since
ke q 2 (8.98755 × 109 N · m2 /C2 )
=
mL (0.03 kg)(0.43 m)
× (7 × 10−7 C)2
= 0.341388 m2 /s2 ,

s  
1
v= (0.341388 m2 /s2 ) 1 + √
2 2
= 0.679769 m/s .