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DESIGNING FOOTWEAR PROTECTIONS AS FASCIITIS PREVENTION Sumar Hadi Suryo,

Amirul Firdaus Angkasawana. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Diponegoro Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, SH Tembalang-Semarang, Indonesia, 50275
1sumarhs.undip@gmail.com; 2amirulfa96@gmail.com Phone : (024) 7460055, (024)
7460053 Fax : (024) 7460055 ABSTRACT The skin is the outermost layer of the human
body in direct contact with the environment or objects outside the body.

At present there are not many protective devices for the skin or body of an elderly
person who is in direct contact with an object or the outside environment while in a
four-wheeled vehicle. Foot heel protection tool is a tool used to protect the heel of the
foot from direct contact with the metal on a four-wheeled vehicle so as to reduce the
pain in the heel of the foot (plantar fasciitis). To optimize the purpose of the tool, it is
necessary to design and select the right heel foot protector material.

Material selection is based on several needs such as hardness, comfort,and safety. In the
manufacture of this tool, there are two main materials of plastic and foam. The hard
plastic shell material is chosen as the material for the skeleton or shell of the heel foot
protector, and the polyurethane foam is selected as the foot heel pad because it has
good flexibility and its soft texture is expected to provide comfort for the heel of the
foot when worn so as to reduce the voltage received by heel legs and is able to prevent
from the pain in the heel of the foot.

In the heel foot protective design process, the dimensions of the tool are adjusted to
the standard foot size of the parent. Then the calculation of the force calculations
obtained by the heel foot protector. First measured the mass on the heel of the foot
while sitting in a four-wheeled vehicle, the measurement is done three times and got
the results ?? 1 =.5,69 kg; ?? 2 =.6,13 kg; dan ?? 3 =.5,23 kg.

Second, the calculation of force using Newton's Law III is the law of action-reaction with
the value of gravity of 9,81 m/ ?? 2 . After the calculation of force on three experiments,
obtained the value of force ?? 1 = 55,8 N; ?? 2 = 60,1 N dan ?? 3 = 51,3 N which means
the given force averages of ± 55,7 N.

As for the benefits provided by the heel foot protector, which protects the heel of the
foot from direct physical contact with other objects, reduces the pain on the heel when
the heel of the foot rests on the pedestal of the four-wheeled vehicle, and comforts the
heel of the foot while in a vehicle. Keywords: Action-reaction force, skin, heel protector,
plantar fasciitis.

_ _ _ _ INTRODUCTION Skin is a layer of the human body in direct contact with the
environment or objects outside the body. The skin is composed of three layers, namely
layers of epidermis, dermis layer, and fat layer. The skin has a protective function, which
means the skin as a body armor from direct contact with objects or external
environment. The skin protects part of the damage caused by friction, pressure, and
motion during activity.

Today there are not many protective devices or devices for people who have used direct
contact with objects or environments while in a four-wheeled vehicle. Suppose the neck
bracelets that the passengers avoided such as cars, trains, buses, and so forth. A neck
brace is made to raise the teeth for its position, also to provide comfort to the
passengers of the vehicle. By looking at these conditions, new innovations are made
which are useful tools to help parents who are working on vehicles such as cars for
example. On the real condition that the pedestal speaks to provide comfort for these
people. In the condition of the vehicle running, the heel of the foot sometimes collide or
come into contact with a foundation or bearing made of metal. Parental organ condition
is very sensitive to shock or impact If there is no impact on the heel of the foot.

The things that are done to produce the protective equipment of the shoulder and foot
heel protector in order to reduce pain in the parent's organs. The first is the heel foot
protector, this tool is specifically used to heal the heels that make direct contact with
those in the car that connects with people suffering from plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis
is an inflammation that occurs in plantar fascia. Plantar fascia is a group of solid and
strong tissues (ligaments) that lie along the sole of the foot and connectivity of the toes
bone to the heel bone. This inflammation includes a common condition. It is estimated,
about 10 percent of adults have experienced it, especially those aged 40 to 60
years. Women have an age twice as high for this condition. [1] The design of this tool
contain shell and foam on the inside of the heel. In addition, the foam is in it can be
used as a warmer. So is plastic hard plastic as a god or shell that is on the heel foot
protector. Hard plastic shells are chosen because they have a hard and light nature, still
provide comfort when used and the most energizing because of the harsh nature.
2.

RESEARCH METHOD 2.1 Research Flow Diagram In the research method required
flowcharts to explain what process is passed by the author from beginning to end. Flow
chart 1 is seen in Figure 1 / Figure 1. Flow Diagram. 2.2 Design Object In this design, the
product is made of protective equipment of the shoulders and foot heels. The shoulder
protector is designed in such a way that the product design can be adjusted to the
shape of the arm to the back of a person.

Foot heel protection tool is designed to be adjusted to the size and shape of a person's
feet, especially on the heel of the foot. Products are made with a safer and ergonomic
design in use with SOLIDWORKS 2013 software .. 2.3 Identification of Consumer Needs
Identification of consumer needs is done so that the protective tool of the shoulder and
foot heel can be produced in accordance with the function and purpose. The data needs
of making tools can be obtained in several ways: a.

Interview Interviews were conducted with a question and answer with parents about the
needs of parents to heel foot protective equipment to be produced. b. Observation
Observation stage is a field survey to obtain the required data such as seeing the
shoulders and heel position of the feet of the parents while being in a four-wheeled
vehicle. 2.4

Design Process In the design process of heel foot protector, the thing to note is the
dimension of the foot size of a person so that at the time of manufacture can be used
comfortably. Some of the design stages are: 1. First, the design on the framework.
Starting from the sketch then use the surface feature and select the boundary surface.
The results can be seen in the picture below : / Figure 2.

Tool framework 2. The second stage is to provide thickness to the skeleton. Give a
thickness of 10 mm. / Figure 3. Thicken 3. The third stage is to trim on the back of the
frame. / Figure 4. Trim Result 4. The fourth stage is doing extrude so that 2 layers of the
inside and outside. / Figure 5. Extrude Result 5. The fifth stage is to give glue to the
three parts located on the ankle, the ankle, and the middle of the footwear. / Figure 6.

Adhesive front 6. The sixth stage is to provide fasteners on the side of the heel foot
protector. / Figure 7. Side fasteners 2.5 Material Selection In choosing the material to be
used in the manufacture of shoulder and foot heel protection tools consider various
things in terms of availability, price, safety and comfort when worn. The material used is
as follows: 1. Plastic Plastics are polymers, long chains of atoms binding to each
other.

This chain forms many units of recurrent molecules, or "monomers". Common plastic
consists of carbon polymers alone or with oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine or sulfur in the
spine. (some commercial interest is also silicon based). The spine is part of a chain on
the main line connecting the monomer unit to unity.

To set the molecular group plastic properties differ "depends" from the backbone
(usually "hung" as part of the monomer before connecting the joint monomer to form a
polymer chain). This setting by the "pendant" group has made plastic an integral part of
21st century life by improving the properties of the polymer. [2] PETE (Polyethylene
Terephthalate) is one of the most commonly used plastic food containers.

PETE plastic can be found in almost all mineral water bottles and some wrappers. This
plastic is designed for one-time use only. So, if used repeatedly can increase the risk of
taking the ingredients of plastic and bacteria that develop on the material. This is
because this type of PETE plastic is difficult to clean from bacteria and PETE plastic
material can be toxic. / Gambar 8. PETE Plastic [3] b.

HDPE plastic is the type of plastic normally used for making bottles of milk, detergent
bottles, shampoo bottles, moisturizing bottles, oil bottles, toys, and some plastic bags.
HDPE is the most commonly recycled plastic and is considered the safest plastic. HDPE
plastic is very hard and not easily damaged by the influence of sunlight, high heat, or
cold temperatures. / Gambar 9. HDPE Plastic [3] c.

PVC plastic has soft and flexible properties. This type of plastic is commonly used to
make plastic food wrappers, bottles of vegetable oil, and children's toys such as pool
buoys. It is also used to make plastic pipes, and components of computer cables.

PVC is feared as "toxic plastic" because it contains various toxins that can contaminate
food. PVC products should not be reused as food wrappers. / Figure 10. PVC [3] 2.
Polyurethane Foam Foam is often used in the manufacture of mattresses, layers of sofas,
vibration dampers, and so on. Foam consists of several types according to its function.

Polyurethane foam or wind foam is a flexible foam with a uniform or porous cavity, soft,
medium, and hard textured, based on its small weight of kg / m3 this foam commonly
classified as density, low density with high density. Polyurethane foam is widely used in
industry, such as: furniture, garment, automotive, electronic, sport, health, food, bag
materials. / Figure 11.

Polyurethane Foam [4] 2.6 Calculation Validation To be able to calculate the force that
occurs in the heel foot protector, it is necessary to validate the calculation first. The
formula used is as follows: (1) F = Force (Newton) m = Mass (Kg) g = Gravitation (m/ ??
2 ) 2.6 Calculation of Legs Heel Mass Figure 21.

below shows the mass on the heel of the foot measured using the spring balance
without any outside influences. The mass given by the foot heel will be displayed on the
display on the balance sheet. Calculations performed by means of pedestal using the
heel of the foot on the balance with a sitting position as in the car.

The height of the seat is relatively the same as the car seat, then will be displayed the
value of the mass given by the heel of the foot. / Figure 21. The process of calculating
the foot heel mass 3.1 Dimensions of the Foot Heel Protector Tool The heel foot
protector dimension will be shown in the 2D design of the tool. / Figure 22.

Dimensions of foot heel protection 3.1 Results of 3D Images The following is a 3D foot
heel shading tool that is designed using Solidworks 2015 software that will be displayed
in four viewing angles. / / / / (a) (b) (c) (d) Gambar 23. Hasil gambar 3D (a) tampak
depan, (b) tampak belakang, (c) tampak atas, (d) tampak samping 3.2

Result of Force Calculation To calculate the force value given by the shoulder can be
calculated by equation (1). Before entering the calculation, in this experiment has been
done 3 times the measurement of shoulder mass with the following results: Known : ?? 1
=5,69 ???? ?? 2 =6,13 ???? ?? 3 =5,23 ???? Furthermore, the calculation of forces that
occur in each experiment in the following way: Experiment 1 ?? 1 = ?? 1 ?? ?? ?? 1 =5,69
???? ?? 9,81 ??/ ?? 2 ?? 1 =55,8 ?? Experiment 2 ?? 2 = ?? 2 ?? ?? ?? 2 =6,13 ???? ?? 9,81
??/ ?? 2 ?? 2 =60,1 ?? Experiment 3 ?? 3 = ?? 3 ?? ?? ?? 3 =5,23 ???? ?? 9,81 ??/ ?? 2 ?? 3
=51,3 ?? Then calculated the average force generated in experiments 1 to 3.

?? ?? = ?? 1 + ?? 2 + ?? 3 3 ?? ?? = 55,8+60,1+51,3 3 ?? ?? = 167,2 3 =55,7 ?? So the

average force given by the heel of the foot when it relies on an object is ± 55.7 N. 3.2
Benefits of the Foot Heel Protector The designed and manufactured foot heel protection
tool has the following benefits for the user: 1. Protect the heel of the foot from direct
physical contact with other objects, especially with four-wheeled vehicles. 2.

Prevent pain in the heel of the foot while being rested on the pedestal of four-wheeled
vehicles. 3. Providing comfort on the heel when resting on the pedestal of four-wheeled
vehicle 4. CONCLUSION The conclusions obtained on the design task of foot heel
protection tool designed using Solidworks 2015 softtware are: Based on the design that
has been made, it can be concluded that the manufacture or production of foot heel
protection equipment can be done by the provider of health equipment.

From the calculation that has been done got the average value of the force received by
the heel of the foot F1 = 55.8 N, F2 = 60.1 N, F3 = 51.3 N. So it can be said that more or
less the force absorbed by foot heel protection tool is ± 55.7 N Foot heel protection
tool has several benefits for human health such as one can prevent pain in foot heels or
plantar fasciitis. REFERENCE Anonim.,

(2017) ‘Plantar Fasciitis & Sole Care’. diakses di: http://www.physioroom.com. (tanggal
20/12/2017). Sakti, Zein., (2015) ‘Macam-Macam Jenis Plastik Lengkap’. Diakses di:
http://awalilmu.blogspot.com. (tanggal 20/12/2017). Dustbowl., (2008) ‘Know Your
Plastic Recycling Number!’. Diakses di: https://dustbowl.wordpress.com. (tanggal
20/12/2017). Anonim., (2016) ‘Jual Berbagai Macam Busa’. Diakses di:
http://suplyerbusa.com. (tanggal 19/12/2017).

Solidwork 2013

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