Presentation Additive Solutions For Caps Closures

Additive Solutions
for Caps & Closures
Public
BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe

Market Segment Packaging
02.09.2013
2 Public
BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe, Market Segment Packaging, 02.09.2013
CESA® product range for caps and closures
– Lubricants CESA®-slip
– Barrier additives CESA® -absorb
– Nucleating agents CESA®-nucleant
– Clarifiers CESA®-nucleant
– Laser markers CESA®-laser
– Foaming agents Hydrocerol®
Slip agents
CESA®-SLIP
Public

02.09.2013
4 Public
Slip agents – Application
– Slip agents facilitate the processing of thermoplastic polymers and mold release in
injection molding of caps and closures.
– Our CESA®-slip range include slip agents, internal or external lubricants, flow
promoters, demolding agents.
– Our CESA®-slip range improves torque release properties and demolding, thus
making it easier to remove a closure which has been tightly threaded onto a
container.
5 Public
Slip agents – Mechanism (1)
– Slip agents migrate to the end article surface and crystallize on the surface forming a
solid lubricating layer that reduces friction with other materials
– Migration occurs over time and its speed is mainly dependant on the additive chain
length and the host polymer
Evolution of CoF* with time

12
11
10
9 Migration of the additives
8
7
CoF
6 After Extrusion
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 0.50% 1.00% 2.00%
Time
* CoF = Coefficient of Friction
6 Public
Slip agents – Mechanism (2)
– Migration speed and slip effect depends as well on the concentration of the additive
Torque vs % CESA-slip 6103
12
Torque ( lb/in )
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 0.50% 1.00% 2.00%
Concentration
7 Public
Slip agents – Migrating slip agents
– CESA®-slip based on Erucamide and Oleamide

– Are very effective
– Are sensitive against oxidation (influence on taste)
– CESA®-slip based on unsaturated amides (i.e. Behenamide) or secondary and

tertiary amides
– Are neutral in taste – no influence on organoleptics
– Need higher dosing level

8 Public
Slip agents – Organoleptic properties (1)
– It is known that water packaged in plastic containers develops an off-taste after a

short period of storage, especially if the container is closed with a polyolefin closure.
– The origin of the plastic off-taste is commonly thought to arise from thermal
degradation of the polyolefins and lubricants during processing.
– Current industry standard is erucamide, widely used because of its effectiveness.
– Erucamide is a C-22 fatty acid amide that possesses a double bond. The presence
of the unsaturation makes the product more unstable to oxidation.
9 Public
Slip agents – Organoleptic properties (2)
– The latest market demands are for low taste, low odor, thermal-stable slip agents,
with good release performance.
– Slip agents with improved stability to oxidation are recommended in case of
sterilization procedures with ozone, UV radiation or ethylene oxide.
– In addition to organoleptic properties, storage stability and shelf-life are also
improved
10 Public
Slip agents – Non-migrating slip agents
The release agents are based on high molecular weight active materials like siloxanes.
– Immediate effect after production
– Permanent functionality
– Stable against oxidation
– Higher dosing level needed

Oxygen barrier additives
CESA®-ABSORB
Public

02.09.2013
12 Public
Oxygen barrier additives – Application
– Polyolefins are very permeable to oxygen

– PET and oxygen-tight containers become
useless if the cap has no barrier function
– Products that need excellent oxygen barrier
(active & passive) are:
- Beer
- Wine
- Fruit Juice
- Food dressings
- Fat foods
- Aromatic powders (e.g. coffee, tea…)
13 Public
Oxygen barrier additives – Technology
– The addition of CESA®-absorb:

- Decreases permeability of PP and PE to O2
- Scavenges residual oxygen into containers
– With CESA®-absorb range we can offer two kind of barrier mechanism:
passive and active, whose effect can be combined
– Passive barrier: O2 ingress is slowed down/stopped
- The effect of passive barrier is permanent
– Active barrier: chemical reaction with O2
- The effect of active barrier is not permanent
14 Public
Oxygen barrier additives – CESA®-absorb features
– Easy to use
– No protective system from oxygen uptake (e.g. Nitrogen blanket)
– No special packaging for the end articles
– Activated by humidity (still under further investigation)
– Possibility of tailor-made Combibatches
15 Public
Oxygen barrier additives – Active barrier additives
– Addition rate 6-12%

– Oxygen ingress reduced down to 50%
– EU and US food contact clearance
– For pigmented parts
16 Public

Reduction of oxygen ingress
Oxygen Transmission ®-absorb PEA0050901-ZN
OTR Rate
of 1 mm- thick
CESA PP plaques
conditions:
1 mm PP plaque, pure oxygen,
pure 80% RH 80%RH
Oxygen,
100
90
80
70
OTR, cc/day atm m2
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
CESA-absorb PEA0050901-ZN, addition rate %
17 Public

Reduction of O2 dissolving in water
O2 dissolved in water vs. time - CESA®-absorb PEA0050901-ZN
O2 dissolved in water over time
(container volume 12 ml, water 7PP capdiameter
ml, cap thickness
20 mm,1 mm
cap thickness 1 mm, exposure to air at 25°C)
2,500
2,000
O2 content, ppm
1,500
Virgin PP
1,000 PEA0050901 10%
0,500
0,000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Time, days
Nucleating additives
CESA®-NUCLEANT
Public

02.09.2013
19 Public
Nucleating agents – Application
– PP crystallises into relatively large crystals, known as spherulites.

– The use of nucleating agents leads to the formation of a larger number of smaller
spherulites (more crystals grows in the same space).
– Nucleation effects are used to enhance processing and end product characteristics,
like mechanical and optical properties
20 Public
Nucleating agents – Main benefits
– Cycle time reduction

– Better mechanical properties, i.e. hardness, elasticity modulus and tensile strenght.
– Dimensional stability
– Optical properties
– Thermal properties
21 Public
Nucleating agents – Cycle time reduction
– High crystallization temperature and rate enable the material to solidify faster.
0.5% PPA0050309
0.3% PPA0050309
1.5% PPA0050301
0.8% PPA0050301
1% NB-NT
0.5% MB-NT
Homo PP
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140

Temperature (C°)
22 Public
Nucleating agents – Dimensional stability
– The action of specific nucleating agents overrides the nucleating effect of pigments
– More consistent and isotropic shrinkage provides repeatable and constant results
1,5
Isotropic shrinkage
Without CESA-
1,4 nucleant
1,3
With CESA-
nucleant
1,2 PPA0050309
1,1
110 115 120 125 130
Temperature (C°)
23 Public
Nucleating agents – Optical properties
– Transparency is greatly improved as a result of the the fine-grain structure and the
smaller spherulites.
Laser marking additives
CESA®-LASER
Public

02.09.2013
25 Public
Laser marking – Application
– Marking of plastics is important for decoration, identification, coding of parts

– Laser marking techniques are the best way to permanently mark plastic parts
– Advantages are:
- Speed
- Flexibility
- Durability
- Absence of solvents
- Very fine markings ( as thin as 5 micron )
- Reduced production cost
26 Public
Laser marking – Laser types
– Gas lasers
- Helium-neon lasers, argon lasers
- CO2 lasers (active medium: He – N – Co2 – wavelength 10.6 μm)
- Excimer lasers (active medium: ArF – wavelength 193 nm ; KrF – wavelength 248
nm ; XeCl – wavelength 308 nm)
– Solid state lasers
- Nd-YAG (wavelength 1064 nm or 532 nm or 354 nm)
- Nd-YVO4 ( wavelength 1064 nm or 914 nm or 1342 nm)
- Nd-YLF…
– Fiber lasers
– Semiconductor lasers
- Mostly laser diodes (active medium: bar of laser diodes, “stacks” – wavelength
from 800 to 980 nm)
27 Public
Laser marking – Technology (1)
There are four ways to laser mark.
Foaming Engraving Chemical Carbonization

28 Public
Laser marking – Technology (2)
Carbonization
Engraving
Foaming
29 Public
Laser marking – Examples
Marking test, PP plaques, Nd-YAG Laser 1064 nm

Foaming agents
HYDROCEROL®
Public

02.09.2013
31 Public
Foaming agents – Why foaming?
– Weight reduction
– Material savings
– Reducing cycle time
– Reducing Carbon Footprint
– Produce distinctive surface effect
– Hydrocerol® , the chemical foaming agents developed by Clariant Masterbatches,

are formulated to produce uniform and fine foam cell structure
32 Public
Foaming agents – New possibilities
The development of CFA of the newest technology has already opened and will
continue to open new possibilities in IM of C&C and other thin parts.
– Finer cell structure = little to no effect on physical properties for weight reductions of
less than 10%
– Uniform cell structure = consistent physical properties and better surface
– “Process Friendly” formulations with wide processing windows
33 Public
Foaming agents – Cell size
Cell size evolution: from irregular, large cells to fine and regular cell structure
4X magnification
Average cell size 409 microns
4X magnification
Average cell size 181 microns 4X magnification
Average cell size 91 microns
34 Public
Foaming agents – Benefits
– 4-9% typical material reductions Low weight

savings
3%
– 5-10% cycle time reduction

Medium weight
– Less electrical consumption savings
7%
High weight
9%
savings
0% 3% 6% 9% 12% 15% 18% 21% 24% 27% 30%
When using Hydrocerol, following parameters should be kept in mind:

– Application is sensitive to IM machine, process balance and mold design
– Processing adjustments are needed to optimize gas capture and results
35 Public
Foaming agents – Benefits for caps and closures
– 6-9 % density reduction with 0,5%-1% Hydrocerol® in thin-wall caps.

36 Public
Foaming agents – Pre-trial check list
To define the feasibility of any project, we

collect information and evaluate the main
technical parameters in a pre-trial check list.
37 Public
Foaming agents – Savings calculator
Easily calculate the savings* from using our

Hydrocerol products with our weight and cost
reduction calculator!
* are excluded other manufacturing overhead cost and cycle time reduction
38 Public
Disclaimer
This presentation contains certain statements from its vendors on acceptable terms, or at all,
that are neither reported financial results nor and to continue to obtain sufficient financing to
other historical information. This presentation meet its liquidity needs; and changes in the
also includes forward-looking statements. political, social and regulatory framework in
Because these forward-looking statements which the Company operates or in economic
are subject to risks and uncertainties, actual or technological trends or conditions, including
future results may differ materially from those currency fluctuations, inflation and consumer
expressed in or implied by the statements. confidence, on a global, regional or national
Many of these risks and uncertainties relate to basis.
factors that are beyond Clariant’s ability to Readers are cautioned not to place undue
control or estimate precisely, such as future reliance on these forward-looking statements,
market conditions, currency fluctuations, the which speak only as of the date of this
behavior of other market participants, the document. Clariant does not undertake any
actions of governmental regulators and other obligation to publicly release any revisions to
risk factors such as: the timing and strength of these forward-looking statements to reflect
new product offerings; pricing strategies of events or circumstances after the date of
competitors; the Company's ability to continue these materials.
to receive adequate products

Presentation Additive Solutions For Caps Closures

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Presentation Additive Solutions For Caps Closures

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Additive Solutions

for Caps & Closures

BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe

CESA® product range for caps and closures

BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe

Slip agents – Application

Slip agents – Mechanism (1)

Evolution of CoF* with time

Slip agents – Mechanism (2)

Torque vs % CESA-slip 6103

Slip agents – Migrating slip agents

– CESA®-slip based on Erucamide and Oleamide

– Are sensitive against oxidation (influence on taste)

– CESA®-slip based on unsaturated amides (i.e. Behenamide) or secondary and

– Need higher dosing level

Slip agents – Organoleptic properties (1)

– It is known that water packaged in plastic containers develops an off-taste after a

Slip agents – Organoleptic properties (2)

Slip agents – Non-migrating slip agents

– Stable against oxidation

– Higher dosing level needed

BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe

Oxygen barrier additives – Application

– Polyolefins are very permeable to oxygen

Oxygen barrier additives – Technology

– The addition of CESA®-absorb:

Oxygen barrier additives – CESA®-absorb features

Oxygen barrier additives – Active barrier additives

– Addition rate 6-12%

Oxygen barrier additives

Oxygen barrier additives

1,000 PEA0050901 10%

BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe

Nucleating agents – Application

– PP crystallises into relatively large crystals, known as spherulites.

Nucleating agents – Main benefits

– Cycle time reduction

Nucleating agents – Cycle time reduction

100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140

Nucleating agents – Dimensional stability

Nucleating agents – Optical properties

BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe

Laser marking – Application

– Marking of plastics is important for decoration, identification, coding of parts

Laser marking – Laser types

Laser marking – Technology (1)

There are four ways to laser mark.

Foaming Engraving Chemical Carbonization

Laser marking – Technology (2)

Laser marking – Examples

Marking test, PP plaques, Nd-YAG Laser 1064 nm

BU Masterbatches - RBL Europe

Foaming agents – Why foaming?

– Hydrocerol® , the chemical foaming agents developed by Clariant Masterbatches,

Foaming agents – New possibilities

Foaming agents – Cell size

Foaming agents – Benefits

– 4-9% typical material reductions Low weight

– 5-10% cycle time reduction

0% 3% 6% 9% 12% 15% 18% 21% 24% 27% 30%

When using Hydrocerol, following parameters should be kept in mind:

Foaming agents – Benefits for caps and closures

– 6-9 % density reduction with 0,5%-1% Hydrocerol® in thin-wall caps.