9 Multiplying by 19

19 2 10 + 9
19 x 1 = (10 x 1) + (9 x 1) = 10 + 9 = 19

19 x 2 = (20 x 2) + (9 x 2) = 20 + 18 = 38

19 x 3 = (30 x 3) + (9 x 3) = 30 + 27 = 57

19 x 4 = (40 x 4) + (9 x 4) = 40 + 36 = 76

19 x 5 = (50 x 5) + (9 x 5) = 50 + 45 = 95

19 x 6 = (60 x 6) + (9 x 1) = 60 + 54 = 114

19 x 7 = (70 x 7) + (9 x 7) = 70 + 63 = 133

19 x 8 = (80 x 8) + (9 x 8) = 80 + 72 = 152

19 x 9 = (90 x 9) + (9 x 9) = 90 + 81 = 171

19 x 10 = (100 x 10) + (9 x 10) = 100 + 90 = 190

Or

19= 20-1

19 x 1 = (20 x 1) - (1 x 1) = 20 - 1 = 19

19 x 2 = (20 x 2) - (1 x 2) = 40 - 2= 38

19 x 3 = (20 x 3) - (1 x 3) = 60 - 3 = 57

19 x 4 = (20 x 4) - (1 x 4) = 80 – 4 = 76

19 x 5 = (20 x 5) - (1 x 5) = 100 - 5 = 95

19 x 6 = (20 x 6) - (1 x 1) = 120 - 6 = 114

19 x 7 = (20 x 7) - (1 x 7) = 140 - 7 = 133

19 x 8 = (20 x 8) - (1 x 8) = 160 - 8 = 152

19 x 9 = (20 x 9) - (1 x 9) = 180 - 9 = 171

19 x 10 = (20 x 10) - (1 x 10) = 200 - 10 = 190

Or

19 x 1 = (20 x 1) - 1 = 20 - 1 = 19

19 x 2 = (20 x 2) - 2 = 40 - 2= 38

19 x 3 = (20 x 3) - 3 = 60 - 3 = 57

19 x 4 = (20 x 4) - 4= 80 – 4 = 76

19 x 5 = (20 x 5) - 5) = 100 - 5 = 95

19 x 6 = (20 x 6) - 6 = 120 - 6 = 114

19 x 7 = (20 x 7) - 7 = 140 - 7 = 133

19 x 8 = (20 x 8) - 8 = 160 - 8 = 152

19 x 9 = (20 x 9) - 9= 180 - 9 = 171

19 x 10 = (20 x 10) - 10= 200 - 10 = 190

10. Multiplying by 20
20= 10 + 10

20 x 1 = (10 x 1) + (10 x 1) = 10 + 10 = 20

20x 2 = (10 x 2) + (10 x 2) = 20 + 20 = 40

20 x 3 = (10 x 3) + (10 x 3) = 30 + 30 = 60

20 x 4 = (10 x 4) + (10 x 4) = 40 + 40 = 80

20x 5 = (10 x 5) + (10 x 5) = 50 + 50 = 100

20 x 6 = (10 x 6) + (10 x 1) = 60 + 60 = 120

20 x 7 = (10 x 7) + (10 x 7) = 70 + 70 = 140

20 x 8 = (10 x 8) + (10 x 8) = 80 + 80 = 160

20 x 9 = (10 x 9) + (10 x 9) = 90 + 90 = 180

20 x 10 = (10 x 10) + (10 x 10) = 100 + 100 = 200

 Or

20 = 20 Direction Multiplication

20 x 1= 20

20x 2 = 40

20 x 3 = 60

20 x 4 = 80

20x 5 = 100

20 x 6 = 120

20 x 7 = 140

20 x 8 = 160

20 x 9 = 180

20 x 10 = 200
 Practice Set # 11

Multiplication by II

1. 11 x 5 = (10 x _____ ) + (1 x 5) = ______+ ______ = ______

2. 11 x 7 = (10 x 7) + (1 x 7) = _______ + _______= _______

3. 11 x 9 = ( ______ x 9) + (1 x 9) = ______ + ______ = _______

4. 11 x 2= (10 x 2 ) + (_____ x 2) = ______ + ______ = ______

5. 11 x 6 = (10 x ______) + (1 x _____) = _______ + ______ = ______

6. 11 x 1 = (10 x ______)+ ( ______ x _______) = _______ + ______= ______

7. 11 x 10 = ( ______ x ______ ) + ( ______ x ______) = ______ + _____ = ______

8. 11 x 8 = ( ______x ______ ) + ( ______ x _____ ) = ______ + ______ =______

9. 11 x 3 = ( ______x _____) + ( _____ x_______) = _______ + ______ = _______

10. 11 x 4 = ( ______ x ______) + ( _____ x ______) = _____ + ______ =_______

 PRACTICE SET # 12
Multiplying By 12

1. 12 x 5 = ( ____x 5) + ( ____ x 5) = _____ + _____ = _______

2. 12 x 9 = (10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

3. 12 x 2 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( 2 x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

4. 12 x 8 = ( ____ x 8) + ( ____ x 8) = _____ + _____ = _______

5. 12 x 1 = ( 10 x 1 ) + ( ____x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

6. 12 x 3 = ( ____ x ____ ) + (2 x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

7. 12 x 6 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

8. 12 x 7 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

9. 12 x 10= ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

10. 12 x 4 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = _____ + _____ = _______

PRACTICE SET # 13
Multiplying by 13

1. 13 x 7 = (10 x 7) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

2. 13 x 2 = ( ____ x 2) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

3. 13 x 9 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

4. 13 x 5 = ( 10 x 5) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

5. 13 x 10 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( 3 x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

6. 13 x 3 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

7. 13 x 1 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

8. 13 x 4 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

9. 13 x 6 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

10. 13 x 8 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______
 PRACTICE SET # 14
Multiplying by 14
1. 14 x 8 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( 4 x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

2. 14 x 2 = ( ____ x 2 ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

3. 14 x 10 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

4. 14 x 5 = ( ____ x 5 ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

5. 14 x 9 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( 4 x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

6. 14 x 3 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( 4 x 3 ) = ____ + ____ = ______

7. 14 x 4 = ( ____ x 4 ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

8. 14 x 7 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x 7) = ____ + ____ = ______

9. 14 x 6 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

10. 14 x 1 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = ______

PRACTICE SET # 15
Multiplying by 15
1. 15 x 2 = ( 10 x 2 ) + ( ____ x 2 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

2. 15 x 6 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x 6 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

3. 15 x 8 = ( ____ x 8 ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

4. 15 x 10 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

5. 15 x 1 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

6. 15 x 3 = ( ____ x 3 ) + ( ____ x 3 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

7. 15 x 5 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x 5 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

8. 15 x 7 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

9. 15 x 9 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

10. 15 x 4 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

 PRACTICE SET # 16
Multiplying by 16
1. 16 x 1 = ( ____ x 1 ) + ( ____ x 1 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

2. 16 x 4 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( 6 x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

3. 16 x 8 = ( ____ x 8 ) + ( ____ x 8 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

4. 16 x 2 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x 2 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

5. 16 x 6 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

6. 16 x 7 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( 6 x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

7. 16 x 10 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

8. 16 x 9 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

9. 16 x 3 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

10. 16 x 5 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

PRACTICE SET # 17
Multiplying by 17

1. 17 x 5 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( 7 x 5 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

2. 17 x 10 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( 7 x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

3. 17 x 2 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( 7 x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

4. 17 x 8 = ( 10 x ____ ) + (____ x 8 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

5. 17 x 3 = ( ____ x 3 ) + ( ____ x 3 ) = ____ + ____ = _______

6. 17 x 6 = ( 10 x 6 ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

7. 17 x 4 = ( ____ x 4 ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

8. 17 x 1 = ( 10 x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

9. 17 x 7 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______

10. 17 x 9 = ( ____ x ____ ) + ( ____ x ____ ) = ____ + ____ = _______
 PRACTICE SET # 18
Multiplying by 18

1. 18 x 3 = (20 x 3) – (2 x 3) = _____ – _____ = ________

2. 18 x 2 = (20 x 2) – (2 x 2) = _____ – _____ = ________

3. 18 x 1 = (____ x ____) – (2 x 1) = _____ – _____ = ________

4. 18 x 4 = (20 x ____) – (____ x 4) = _____ – _____ = ________

5. 18 x 5 = (20 x ____) – (2 x ____) = _____ – _____ = ________

6. 18 x 6 = (20 x ____) – (2 x ____) = _____ – _____ = ________

7. 18 x 8 = (20 x ____ ) – (2 x ____ ) = _____ – _____ = ________

8. 18 x 7 = (20 x ____ ) – (2 x ____ ) = _____ – _____ = ________

9. 18 x 10 = (20 x ____ ) – (2 x ____ ) = _____ – _____ = ________

10. 18 x 9 = (____ x ____) – (____ x ____) = _____ – _____ = ________

PRACTICE SET # 19
Multiplying by 19

1. 19 x 3 = (20 x 3) – 3 = __________

2. 19 x 8 = (20 x 8) – 8 = __________

3. 19 x 2 = (20 x 2) – 2 = _________

4. 19 x 7 = (20 x 7) – 7 = _________

5. 19 x 4 = (20 x 4) – 4 = _________

6. 19 x 1 = (20 x 1) – 1 = _________

7. 19 x 5 = (20 x 5) – 5 = _________

8. 19 x 10 = (20 x 10) – 10 = _________

9. 19 x 9 = (20 x 9) – 9 = _________
10. 19 x 6 = (20 x 6) – 6 = _________
 PRACTICE SET # 20

Multiplying by 20

1. 20 x 1 = _________

2. 20 x 5 = _________

3. 20 x 10 = _________

4. 20 x 6 = _________

5. 20 x 4 = _________

6. 20 x 7 = _________

7. 20 x 3 = _________

8. 20 x 9 = _________

9. 20 x 8 = _________

10.20 x 2 = _________
III. APPLICATION

Basic things to remember before multiplying

A. a. Always start from the right

b. align the numbers properly
c. any number multiplied by zero equals zero
d. any number multiplied by one is equal to the same number
e. be careful with regrouping. Regrouping is separating the ones, tens, etc.
from each other and group them accordingly to where they belong.

B. 1. Place Value

Millions Thousands Units

Hundreds Tens Ones Hundreds Tens Ones Hundreds Tens Ones
3 5 6 9 8 5 2 6 4

Number in standard form: 356, 985, 264

3 5 6, 9 8 5, 2 6 4

Ones -------------------------- 4 ones -------------- 4

Tens -------------------------- 6 tens -------------- 60
Hundreds -------------------- 2 hundreds -------------- 200
Ones Thousands -------------5 Thousands ----------------- 5,000
Tens Thousands ---------------8 Tens Thousands -------------- 80,000
4
Hundreds Thousands --------9 Hundreds Thousands -------900,000
4
Ones Millions -----------------6 ones Millions ------------- 6,000,000
Tens Millions -----------------5 Tens Millions --------------50,000,000

Hundreds Millions ----------3 Hundreds Millions ------ 300,000,000

4
2. Conversion Factors

10 Ones------------------------------------1 Tens
10 Tens------------------------------------1 Hundreds
10 Hundred-------------------------------1 Ones Thousands
10 Ones Thousands----------------------1 Tens Thousands
10 Tens Thousands-----------------------1 Hundreds Thousands
10 Hundreds Thousands-----------------1 Ones Millions
1. MULTIPLYING BY ONE DIGIT FACTOR
A. Without Regrouping

1. 34 Multiply First the Ones – 2 x 4 = 8, then place 8 under the Ones

x2 then proceed with the Tens – 2 x 3 = 6, then place 6 under the Tens
68 (Right to Left)

2. 14 Multiply the Ones – 2 x 4 = 8, then place 8 under the Ones

x2 Multiply the Tens – 2 x 1 = 2, then place 2 under the Tens
28

3. 132 Ones – 3 x 2 = 6, then place 6 under the Ones

x3 Tens – 3 x 3 = 9, then place 9 under the Tens
396 Hundreds – 3 x 1 = 3, then place 3 under the Hundreds

4. 3241 Ones – 2 x 1 = 2, then place 2 under the Ones

x2 Tens – 2 x 4 = 8, then place 8 under the Tens
6482 Hundreds – 2 x 2 = 4, then place 4 under the Hundreds
Thousands – 2 x 3 = 6, then place 6 under the Thousands

B. With Regrouping
1
1. 24 Ones _____ 3 x 4 = 12, since 12 is equal to 1 Tens and 2 Ones,
x3 2 is placed under the ones and 1 Tens is transferr
72 regroup to Tens

Tens _____ 3 x 2 = 6, Add 1 as a result or regrouping which

Makes it 7, then place 7 under the Tens

2
2. 75 Ones _____ 4 x 5 = 20, since 20 = 2 Tens and 0 Ones,
x4 0 is placed under the ones and 2 Tens is regroup to Tens
300

Tens _____ 4 x 7 = 28, Add 2 as a result of regrouping which

Makes it 30, then place 30 under Tens and Hundreds
2. MULTIPLYING WITH TWO DIGIT FACTORS

A. Without Regrouping

1. 312 ----- Multiplicand

x 21 ----- Multiplier
312 ----- 1st Partial Product
624 ----- 2nd Partial Product
6552 ----- Final Product

a. Use first the ones multiplier to get the 1st partial Product
b. Proceed with the Tens Multiplier to get the 2nd Partial Product
c. Add the 1st and 2nd Partial Product to get the Final Product

312
x 21 ONES MULTIPLIER ------- 1 x 2 = 2, 1 x 1 = 1, 1 x 3 = 3
312 TENS MULTIPLIER ------- 2 X 2 = 4, place 4 under the Tens then proceed,
624 2 x 1 = 2, 2 x 3 = 6
6552

2. 223
x 13 ONES MULTIPLIER -----3 x 3 = 9, 3 x 2 = 6, 3 x 2 = 6
669 TENS MULTIPLIER ----- 1 x 3 = 3, place 3 under the Tens, then
223 proceed, 1 x 2 = 2, 1 x 2 = 2
2899

B. With Regrouping
1 1
1 1
1. 365
x 23 ONES MULTIPLIER ----- 3 x 5 = 15, place 5 under the ones, regroup,
1095 to the Tens
730 ----- 3 x 6 = 18, 18 + 1 = 19, place 9 under the
8395 Tens, regroup 1 to the Hundreds
----- 3 x 3 = 9, 9 + 1 = 10, place 10 to the
Hundreds and Thousands

TENS MULTIPLIER ----- 2 x 5 = 10, place 0 under the Tens, regroup 1

1 to the Tens
----- 2 x 6 = 12, 12 + 1 = 13, place 3 under the
Hundreds regroup 1 to the Hundreds
----- 2 x 3 = 6, 6 + 1 = 7, place 7 under the
Thousands
 3 4
5 6
2. 457
x 69
4113 ONES MULTIPLIER ----- 9 x 7 = 63, place 3 under the ones, regroup
2742 6 to the Tens
31533 ----- 9 x 5 = 45, 45 + 6 = 51, place 1 under the Tens,
Regroup 5 to the Hundreds
----- 9 x 4 = 36, 36 + 5 = 41

TENS MULTIPLIER ----- 6 x7 = 42, place 2 under the tens, regroup 4

to the tens
----- 6 x 5 = 30, 30 + 4 = 34, place 4 under the
Hundreds, regroup 3 to the Hundreds
----- 6 x 4 = 24, 24 + 3 = 27

3. MULTIPLYING WITH ZEROS

1. 1004
x2
2008
2 x 4 = 8, place 8 under the ones
2 x 0 = 0, place 0 under the Tens
2 x 0 = 0, place 0 under Hundreds
2 x 1 = 2, place 2 under the Thousands

1
2. 2004
x 24
8016 ONES MULTIPLIER ----- 4 x 4 = 16, place 6 under the ones, regroup
4008 1 to the Tens
48096 ----- 4 x 0 = 0, 0 + 1, place 1 under the Tens
----- 4 x 0 = 0, place 0 under the Hundreds
----- 4 x 2 = 8, place 8 under the Thousands

TENS MULTIPLIER ----- 2 x 4 = 8, place 8 under the Tens

----- 2 x 0 = 0, place 0 under the Hundreds
----- 2 x 0 = 0, place 0 under the Thousands
----- 2 x 4 = 4, place 4 under the Tens Thousands
 3. 1030
x 30 ONES MULTIPLIER ----- 0 x 0, place 0 under the Ones, then proceed
30900 to the Tens Multiplier. There is no reason for
multiplying all the digits because it will all
result to 0

TENS MULTIPLIER ----- 3 x 0 = 0, place 0 under the Tens

----- 3 x 3 = 9, place 9 under the Hundreds
----- 3 x 0 = 0, place 0 under the Ones Thousands
----- 3 x 1 = 3, place 3 under the Tens Thousands

4. MULTIPLYING BY 10, 100, 1000

 Just Add the number of zeros to the multiplicand

1. 15 4. 18 x 10 = 180
x 10
150

2. 15 5. 25 x 100 = 2500
x 100
1500

3. 15 6. 37 x 1000 = 37000
x 1000
15000
 PRACTICE SET # 21

1. 37 2. 89 3. 43
x5 x7 x9

4. 75 5. 54 6. 39
x8 x9 x 43

7. 83 8. 95 9. 357
x 15 x 24 x 28

10. 501 11. 9320 12. 3080

x 63 x 50 x 18

13. 805 14. 3400 15. 151

x 10 x 26 x 1000

16. 76 17. 6004 18. 938

x 100 x 40 x 56

19. 85 20. 79
x 73 x 10