Submitted by:

Julienne Marie Isabel D. de la Cruz

9- Argon
Submitted to:
Sir Jessie B. Delbo
 RENAISSANCE PERIOD

Leonardo da Vinci ( April 15, 1845 – May 2, 1519 )

 An Italian Renaissance polymath whose areas of
interest
included invention, painting, sculpting, architecture,
science,music,
mathematics,engineering, literature, anatomy, geol
ogy, astronomy,
botany, writing, history, and cartography.

 He has been variously called the father

of palaeontology, ichnology, and architecture, and is widely
considered one of the greatest painters of all time. Sometimes
credited with the inventions of
the parachute, helicopter and tank, he epitomised the Renaissance
humanist ideal.
 Many historians and scholars regard Leonardo as the prime exemplar
of the "Universal Genius" or "Renaissance Man", an individual of
"unquenchable curiosity" and "feverishly inventive
imagination". According to art historian Helen Gardner, the scope and
depth of his interests were without precedent in recorded history, and
"his mind and personality seem to us superhuman, while the man
himself mysterious and remote] Marco Rosci notes that while there is
much speculation regarding his life and personality, his view of the
world was logical rather than mysterious, and that the empirical
methods he employed were unorthodox for his time.
 He conceptualised flying machines, a type of armoured fighting
vehicle, concentrated solar power, an adding machine, and
the double hull. Relatively few of his designs were constructed or
even feasible during his lifetime, as the modern scientific approaches
to metallurgy and engineering were only in their infancy during the
Renaissance.
 ARTWORKS

MONA LISA THE BAPTISM OF CHRIST VIRGIN OF THE ROCKS

THE LAST SUPPER

THE ANNUNCIATION
 Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni
(March 6, 1475 – February 18, 1564)

 was an Italian sculptor, painter,

architect, and poet of the High
Renaissance born in the Republic of
Florence, who exerted an unparalleled
influence on the development
of Western art.

 Considered to be the greatest

living artist during his lifetime, he
has since been described as one
of the greatest artists of all time.

 Despite making few forays beyond the arts, his versatility in the
disciplines he took up was of such a high order that he is often
considered a contender for the title of the archetypal Renaissance
man, along with his rival and fellow Florentine Medici client, Leonardo
da Vinci.
 A number of Michelangelo's works of painting, sculpture, and
architecture rank among the most famous in existence. His output in
every field of interest was prodigious; given the sheer volume of
surviving correspondence, sketches, and reminiscences taken into
account, he is the best-documented artist of the 16th century.
 He sculpted two of his best-known works, the Pietà and David, before
the age of thirty. Despite holding a low opinion of painting,
Michelangelo also created two of the most influential frescoes in the
history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the ceiling of the
Sistine Chapel in Rome, and The Last Judgment on its altar wall. As
an architect, Michelangelo pioneered the Mannerist style at
the Laurentian Library.
 At the age of 74, he succeeded Antonio da Sangallo the Younger as
the architect of St. Peter's Basilica. Michelangelo transformed the
plan so that the western end was finished to his design, as was the
dome, with some modification, after his death.
 Diego Velasquez ( 1599 – 1660 )

 was a Spanish painter, the

leading artist in the court of
King Philip IV, and one of the
most important painters of
the Spanish Golden Age
 He was an individualistic artist of
the contemporary Baroque period.
In addition to numerous renditions
of scenes of historical and cultural
significance, he painted scores
of portraits of the Spanish royal
family, other notable European
figures, and commoners,
culminating in the production of
his masterpiece Las Meninas.

 From the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Velázquez's

artwork was a model for the realist and impressionist painters,
in particular Édouard Manet.
 Since that time, famous modern artists, including Pablo
Picasso, Salvador Dalí and Francis Bacon, have paid tribute to
Velázquez by recreating several of his most famous works.

ARTWORKS

JOSEPH’S TUNIC

THE LADY WITH

A FAN
LAS HILANDERAS

LAS MENINAS

MENIPPOS
 ARTWORKS

THE FLIGHT INTO EGYPT THE OPERATION

THE NIGHT WATCH THE PAINTER IN HIS

STUDIO

THE THREE SINGERS

 Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn ( 1606 – 1669 )

 a Dutch draughtsman, painter,

and printmaker
 An innovative and prolific master in
three media, he is generally considered one
of the greatest visual artists in the history of
art and the most important in Dutch art
history.
 Unlike most Dutch masters of the 17th
century, Rembrandt's works depict a wide
range of style and subject matter,
from portraits and self-portraits to
landscapes, genre scenes, allegorical and
historical scenes, biblical and mythological
themes as well as animal studies.

 His contributions to art came in a period of great wealth and

cultural achievement that historians call the Dutch Golden Age,
when Dutch art , although in many ways antithetical to
the Baroque style that dominated Europe, was extremely prolific
and innovative, and gave rise to important new genres. Like
many artists of the Dutch Golden Age, such as Jan Vermeer of
Delft, Rembrandt was also known as an avid art
collector and dealer.
 Rembrandt never went abroad, but he was considerably
influenced by the work of the Italian masters and Netherlandish
artists who had studied in Italy, like Pieter Lastman, the Utrecht
Caravaggists, and Flemish Baroque Peter Paul Rubens. Having
achieved youthful success as a portrait painter, Rembrandt's later
years were marked by personal tragedy and financial hardships.
Yet his etchings and paintings were popular throughout his
lifetime, his reputation as an artist remained high, and for twenty
years he taught many important Dutch painters.
 Peter Paul Rubens ( 1577 – 1640 )
 a Flemish artist
 considered the most influential
artist of Flemish
Baroque tradition.
 Rubens' highly charged
compositions reference erudite
aspects of classical and
Christian history. His unique and
immensely popular Baroque
style emphasized movement,
color, and sensuality, which
followed the immediate,
dramatic artistic style promoted
in the Counter-Reformation.

 Rubens specialized in making altarpieces, portraits, landscapes,

and history paintings of mythological and allegorical subjects.
 commissioned works were mostly "history paintings", which
included religious and mythological subjects, and hunt scenes.
 painted portraits, especially of friends, and self-portraits, and in
later life painted several landscapes. Rubens designed tapestries
and prints, as well as his own house. He also oversaw
the ephemeral decorations of the royal entry into Antwerp by
the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand in 1635.
 His drawings are mostly extremely forceful but not overly
detailed.
 He also made great use of oil sketches as preparatory studies.
He was one of the last major artists to make consistent use
of wooden panels as a support medium, even for very large
works, but he used canvas as well, especially when the work
needed to be sent a long distance. For altarpieces he sometimes
painted on slate to reduce reflection problems.
 ARTWORKS

HONEYSUCKLE BOWER SAMSON AND DELILAH

A VIEW OF HET STEEN IN

THE EARLY MORNING

THE DESCENT FROM THE

CROSS

A PORTRAIT OF HELENE
FOURMENT
 Gian Lorenzo Bernini ( 1598 – 1680 )

 was an Italian sculptor and

architect.
 While a major figure in the world
of architecture, he was the
leading sculptor of his age,
credited with creating
the Baroque style of sculpture.
 he was a painter and a man of
the theater: he wrote, directed
and acted in plays , also
designing stage sets and
theatrical machinery, as well as a
wide variety of decorative art
objects including lamps, tables,
mirrors, and even coaches.

 As architect and city planner, he designed both secular buildings

and churches and chapels, as well as massive works combining
both architecture and sculpture, especially elaborate public
fountains and funerary monuments and a whole series of
temporary structures for funerals and festivals.
 Bernini possessed the ability to depict dramatic narratives with
characters showing intense psychological states, but also to
organize large-scale sculptural works that convey a magnificent
grandeur.
 His talent extended beyond the confines of sculpture to a
consideration of the setting in which it would be situated; his
ability to synthesize sculpture, painting, and architecture into a
coherent conceptual and visual whole has been termed by the art
historian Irving Lavin the "unity of the visual arts".
 ARTWORKS

A FAUN TEASED BY DAMNED SOUL

CHILDREN BLESSED SOUL

NEPTUNE AND TRITON

THE ECSTACY OF
ST. THERESA
 BAROQUE PERIOD

Michelangelo Merisi or Amerighi da Caravaggio

( 1571 – 1610 )

 was an Italian painter active

in Rome, Naples, Malta, and Sicily between
1592 and 1610.
 His paintings combine a realistic observation of
the human state, both physical and emotional,
with a dramatic use of lighting, and they had a
formative influence on Baroque painting.

 Caravaggio employed close physical observation with a dramatic use

of chiaroscuro that came to be known as tenebrism. He made the
technique a dominant stylistic element, darkening shadows and
transfixing subjects in bright shafts of light.
 Caravaggio vividly expressed crucial moments and scenes, often
featuring violent struggles, torture and death. He worked rapidly, with live
models, preferring to forego drawings and work directly onto the canvas.
 His influence on the new Baroque style that emerged from Mannerism
was profound. It can be seen directly or indirectly in the work of Peter
Paul Rubens, Jusepe de Ribera, Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and Rembrandt,
and artists in the following generation heavily under his influence were
called the "Caravaggisti" or "Caravagesques", as well
as tenebrists or tenebrosi ("shadowists").
 ARTWORKS

DOUBTING THOMAS

CONVERSION OF ST.
BACCHUS C. 1596
PAUL

THE CALLING OF ST.

MATTHEW
THE SEVEN WORKS
OF MERCY
 Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi ( 1386 – 1466 )

 better known as Donatello

 an ItalianRenaissance sculptor
from Florence
 He studied classical sculpture and used
this to develop a complete
Renaissance style in sculpture, whose
periods in
Rome, Padua and Siena introduced to
other parts of Italy a long and
productive career. He worked with
stone, bronze, wood, clay, stucco and
wax, and had several assistants, with
four perhaps being a typical number.

ARTWORKS

PENITENT MAGDALENE
DAVID ZUCCONE

EQUESTRIAN STATUE
OF GATTAMELATA MADONNA OF THE
CLOUDS
 Raffaello Sanzioda Urbino ( 1843 – 1520 )
 was an Italian painter and architect of
the High Renaissance. His work is
admired for its clarity of form, ease of
composition, and visual achievement of
the Neoplatonic ideal of human
grandeur.

 was enormously productive, running an

unusually large workshop and, despite his
death at 37, leaving a large body of work.
Many of his works are found in the Vatican
Palace, where the frescoed Raphael
Rooms were the central, and the largest,
work of his career.
 He was extremely influential in his lifetime, though outside Rome his
work was mostly known from his collaborative printmaking.
 After his death, the influence of his great rival Michelangelo was more
widespread until the 18th and 19th centuries, when Raphael's more
serene and harmonious qualities were again regarded as the highest
models.

ARTWORK
S

THE SISTINE THE THE TRIUMPH OF THE MARRIAGE

TRANSFIGURATION
MADONNA GALATEA OF THE VIRGIN

VISION OF A KNIGHT
 ARTWORKS

BATTLE OF CASCINA

PIETA

THE LAST JUDGEMENT

STATUE OF DAVID
DONDI TONI