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Our 1000+ Electric Circuits questions and answers focuses on all areas of Electric Circuits
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Highlights
– 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions & Answers in Electric Circuits with explanations.
– Every MCQ set focuses on a specific topic in Electric Circuits Subject.
Here’s list of Questions & Answers on Electric Circuits Subject covering 100+ topics:
The section contains questions and answers on units, voltage and current power, electrical
resistance, kirchoffs law and circuit analysis for dependent sources.
The section contains questions on voltage and current divider circuits, wheatstone bridge
measuring resistance.
The Voltage Divider and Current Divider Measuring Resistance the Wheatstone Bridge
Circuits and Delta-to-Wye (Pi-to-Tee) Equivalent
Measuring Voltage and Current Circuits
The section contains questions and answers on node voltage and mesh current method, source
transformations, thevenin and norton equivalents, maximum power transfer and superposition.
The section contains questions on operational amplifier terminals, inverting and noninverting
amplifiers, realistic models.
The section contains questions and answers on inductor and capacitor, series parallel
combinations, mutual inductance, rl and rc circuits, natural and unbounded responses, sequential
switching and integrating amplifier.
Introduction to the Natural Response of a The Natural and Step Response of a Series RLC
Parallel RLC Circuit Circuit
The Step Response of a Parallel RLC Circuit A Circuit with Two Integrating Amplifiers
The section contains questions and answers on sinusoidal source and response, phasor, passive
circuit elements, kirchoffs law, series and parallel simplifications, thevenin norton equivalent
circuits, node voltage method, transformer and ideal transformer, phasor diagrams and
instantaneous power.
The section contains questions on average and reactive power, rms value, complex power, power
calculations and maximum power transfer.
The section contains questions and answers on three phase voltage sources, wye delta circuits,
three phase circuits and average power.
The section contains questions on laplace transform, impulse function, functional and operational
transforms, inverse transforms, poles and zeros, initial and final value theorems.
The section contains questions and answers on transfer function, convolution integral, steady
state sinusodial response, s domain analysis.
Circuit Elements and Analysis in the s Domain The Transfer Function and the Convolution
Applications Integral
The Transfer Function The Transfer Function and the Steady-State
The Transfer Function in Partial Fraction Sinusoidal Response
Expansions The Impulse Function in Circuit Analysis
The section contains questions on low pass, high pass, bandpass and band reject filters.
The section contains questions and answers on low pass and high pass filters, scaling, op amp
filters, narrowband bandpass filters.
The sections covers questions and answers on fourier transform derivation, fourier integral
convergence, laplace transforms, parsevals theorem, circuit applications.
The sections covers questions on terminal equations and two port parameters, two port circuit
analysis and terminated two port circuit.
The section contains questions and answers on units, voltage and current power, electrical
resistance, kirchoffs law and circuit analysis for dependent sources.
Answer: d
Explanation: The SI units are based on 7 defined quantities namely length, mass, time, electric
current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance and also on the luminous intensity.
2. The basic unit for luminous intensity is
a) Ampere
b) Candela
c) Coulomb
d) Radian
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The unit for luminous intensity is candela and its symbol is cd.
Answer: d
Explanation: Tera – 1012
Giga – 109
Mega – 106.
4. Charge is
a) Unipolar
b) Bipolar
c) Tripolar
d) Non – Polar in nature
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Charge is bipolar since it can be expressed in terms of positive and negative.
Answer: b
Explanation: An electric force called voltage is created by separation of charge where as an
electric fluid called current is created by motion of charge.
6. The energy per unit charge is
a) Voltage
b) Power
c) Current
d) Work
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Voltage v=dw/dq and its SI unit is volt.
Answer: b
Explanation: p=dw/dt
=400t +99et
=400(0.1) + 99e(0.1)
=149.41
a) –Vi
b) Vi
c) 0
d) 1
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: P = vi. The algebraic sign of power depends on movement of charge through the
drop and rise of voltage.
Answer: a
Explanation: P > 0 means +ve Power
Being delivered
P < 0 means –ve Power
Being extracted.
Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Voltage and Current Sources, Electrical Resistance”.
Answer: c
Explanation: Independent sources are represented by circle
Dependent sources are represented by Diamond.
Answer: a
Explanation: Voltage V = dw/dq and its SI unit is Volt.
3.
I3 = α vx .This is
a) Voltage control voltage source
b) Current control voltage source
c) Voltage control current source
d) Current control current source
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: i3 =αvx means ix value depends on vx
Controlled voltage is vx.
4. Inductor is _______________ element.
a) Active
b) Passive
c) Linear
d) Polar
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Passive element means it could not generate electricity.
5.
Answer: a
Explanation: Same Voltage
6.
Answer: b
Explanation: Independent current source supplied current through terminals a and b. Dependent
source supplies voltage across the same pair of terminals and an ideal current source supplies
same current regardless of voltage, similarly an ideal voltage source supplies same voltage
irrespective of current, so this is an allowable connection.
Answer: d
Explanation: The opposing capacity of materials against the current flow is resistance.
Answer: a
Explanation: c=1/R =1/923 = 1.08 * 10-3 mho
9. The current passing through a circuit is 7.2A and the power at the terminals is 27 watts.
Existence is ___________ ohms.
a) 0.5402
b) 0.5208
c) 0.5972
d) 0.5792
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: p = vi
= (iR) i
= i2 R
R = P/i2
=27/ (7.2)2
= 0.5208Ω.
Answer: d
Explanation: P = vi
= v (v/R)
= v2/R
= v2G.
Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Kirchhoff’s Laws”.
Answer: b
Explanation: Since the node is not a circuit element, any charge which enters node must leave
immediately.
a) i1=i2=i3=i4=i5
b) i1+i4+i3=i5+i2
c) i1-i5=i2-i3-i4
d) i1+i5=i2+i3+i4
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: According to KCL, entering currents=leaving currents.
3. The algebraic sum of voltages around any closed path in a network is equal to ____________
a) Infinity
b) 1
c) 0
d) Negative polarity
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: According to KVL, the sum of voltages around the closed path in a network is zero.
4.
Answer: b
Explanation:
I1 = 3/3+5 = 3/8 = 0.375Ω
I2 = 4/5 = 0.8Ω
Vxy = vx – vy
Vx + 5I1 + 4 – 2I2 – vy = 0
Vx – vy = 2I2 – 4 – 5I1 = -4.275Ω
5.
Find R
a) 17.5 Ω
b) 17.2 Ω
c) 17.4 Ω
d) 17.8 Ω
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation:
KVL: 70 – 5I – 7(I – 2) = 0
I = 7A
KVL to 2nd loop: 7(I – 2) – 2R = 0
R=17.5Ω
Answer: c
Explanation:
I1 = I1 – I2 + 8 + I3 + 3
I2 – I3 = 11 -> 1
And -11 I1 – 7(I1 – I2) = 0
-18 I1 + 7 I2 = 0 -> 2
And -11 I1 – 15 I3 =0 -> 3
Solving I1 = 3.32A I2 = 8.5A I3 = -2.4A.
Answer: b
Explanation: A mesh cannot be divided further in loops.
8.
Solve for I.
a) -0.5A
b) 0.5A
c) -0.2A
d) 0.2A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Veq = 10 + 5 -20 = -5u
Req = 5 + 2 + 3 = 10Ω
I = V/R = -5/10 = -0.5A.
Answer: c
Explanation: Kirchhoff’s laws are used for analyzing an electric circuit.
10. A junction whell two (or) more than two network elements meet is known as a
______________
a) Node
b) Branch
c) Loop
d) Mesh
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Node is a junction where two or more than two network elements meet.
2. In case of a dependent voltage/current source, the value of this voltage/current source depends
on _________
a) Voltage/current sources of an external circuit
b) Voltage/current source present somewhere in the circuit
c) Only on voltage sources
d) Only on current sources
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The name dependent itself tells us that they are dependent on some other source. A
dependent voltage/current source depends on the value of the voltage/current source present
somewhere in the circuit itself.
3.
Answer: b
Explanation: Applying KVL in loop1: 300= 3i∆ + 10i0 ———- (1)
and i0= i∆+3i∆ =4i∆
(1) → 300= 43i∆ ,on solving i∆ =6.976A, i0=27.90A, v0=279V.
4.The value of the voltage controlled current source ia=βva given β=0.3 and va=9.5mV.
a) 2.5 mA
b) 2.85 mA
c) 1.75 mA
d) 1.2 mA
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: ia= 0.3*9.5*10-3=2.85mA.
5.Find I0 in the following circuit, R1= 1.1 kilo ohms, R2=3.25 kilo ohms, V= 3.7 v.
a) 1.5 mA
b) 2 mA
c) 0.5 mA
d) 1.2 mA
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: By using the fact that the current is same in series connection resistors and voltage
is same parallel, the above problem can be solved. I0 is divided into αIx and Ix. So, calculation
these two gives the required current value.
6. The value of the current controlled voltage source ,given β=0.8 and ia=9.5mA, is
___________
a) 8mV
b) 7.6mV
c) 0.0011mV
d) 0.0051mV
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: va=βia
7. In a VCIS which is the controlled source and which one is the dependent source?
a) V-contorller, I-dependent
b) V-dependent, I-controller
c) Both V and I are controllers
d) Both V and I are dependent
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: VCIS: Voltage-controlled current source. ia=βva, current value depends on the
voltage value so voltage source is the controller and current is the dependent source.
8. In an ICVS which is the controlled source and which one is the dependent source?
a) V-controller, I-dependent
b) V-dependent, I-controller
c) Both V and I are controllers
d) Both V and I are dependent
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: ICVS :Current-controlled voltage source. va=βia , voltage value depends on the
current value so current source is the controller and voltage is the dependent source.
Answer: d
Explanation: Dependant sources are also known as Controlled sources as there are controlled by
other elements present in the circuit.
10. The analysis of a circuit containing dependent sources can be done using nodal and mesh
analysis.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The analysis of a circuit containing dependent sources can be completed using
nodal and mesh analysis with the help of Kirchhoff’s laws and also by using various circuit
theorems.
2. Questions on Simple Resistive Circuits
The section contains questions on voltage and current divider circuits, wheatstone bridge
measuring resistance.
The Voltage Divider and Current Divider Measuring Resistance the Wheatstone Bridge
Circuits and Delta-to-Wye (Pi-to-Tee) Equivalent
Measuring Voltage and Current Circuits
Questions and Answers for Freshers focuses on “The Voltage Divider and Current Divider
Circuits”.
Answer: a
Explanation: In series, voltage is the difference and current same.
Answer: b
Explanation: In parallel voltage is same and current is the difference.
3. If there are 3 Resistors R1, R2 and R3 in series and V is total voltage and I is total current then
Voltage across R2 is
a) V R3/ R1 + R2 + R3
b) V R2/ R1 + R2 + R3
c) V R1/R1 + R2 + R3
d) V
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: V2 =I R2
= V R2/ R1 + R2 + R3.
4.
Answer: d
Explanation: I = 10/5 = 2A
V2 = 10(2)
V2 = I.R2
= 2(2)
4V.
5.
Calculate i =?
a) -1A
b) +2A
c) 8A
d) -5A
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: i = 1/1+3(8)
= 2A.
6. For a parallel connected resistor R1, R2 and a voltage of V volts. Current across the first
resistor is given by
a) I R1
b) I R2
c) I R1 / R1 + R2
d) I R2 / R1 + R2
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: I1 = V / R1
R = R1. R2 / R1 + R2
= I . R1. R2 / R1 . R1 + R2
I1 = I R2 / R1 + R2.
Answer: b
Explanation: I = 20/ 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 1.25A
V2 = V. R2 / R1 + R2 + R3 + R4
= 20(3)/16
= 3.75V.
Answer: a
Explanation: V = I/R
V = I (R1 + R2) R1 R2 = 12.26v
I1 = IR2/ R1 + R2 = 1.725A
I2 = IR1/ R1 + R2
= 2.875A.
Answer: b
Explanation: In parallel, connection voltage is same so no division is required.
Answer: b
Explanation: In parallel current differs.
Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Measuring Voltage and Current”.
2. An ideal voltmeter has ___________ equivalent resistance and ideal ammeter has
___________ equivalent resistance.
a) Unity, Unity
b) Zero, infinite
c) Infinite, Zero
d) Zero, Zero
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: An ideal voltmeter has Infinite equivalent resistance and ideal ammeter has zero
equivalent resistance.
Answer: d
Explanation: Digital meters are used to measure current (or) voltage signals at discrete points in
time known as sampling times.
Answer: a
Explanation: Features like easy connection, Introduction of less resistance into the circuit to
which they all connected and also due to read out mechanism digital meter are preferred.
Answer: a
Explanation:
1 mA flowing through coil implies that 9mA must be diverted through RA.
V = ir
20 * 10-3 = 9 * 10-3 RA
RA= 2.222Ω.
6. A 25mv, 2mA d’Arsonval movement is to be used in voltmeter whose full scale reading is
100v. The resistance inserted by 100v meter into circuit is ___________
a) 1 * 105Ω
b) 1 * 106Ω
c) 1 * 104Ω
d) 1 * 103Ω
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: v = iR
R = v/i
= 100/1mA
= 100,000Ω.
Answer: a
Explanation: An ideal ammeter offers a zero equivalent resistance. So acts a short circuit.
Answer: c
Explanation: 5mA is flowing through the coil which implies 995mA are diverted through R A.
V = iR
= 100 * 10-3
= 995 * 10-3 RA
RA = 0.100Ω.
10. A 122mv, 12mA d’Arsonval movement is to be used in voltmeter whose full scale reading is
120v. The resistance inserted by 120v _____________
a) 1200Ω
b) 12000Ω
c) 1000Ω
d) 10,000Ω
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: R =120/12 * 10-3
= 10,000Ω.
Questions and Answers for freshers focuses on “Measuring Resistance the Wheatstone Bridge
and Delta-to-Wye (Pi-to-Tee) Equivalent Circuits”.
Answer: d
Explanation: Resistances can be measured by various methods. Wheatstone bridge is one such
method. In this method resistances in the range of 1Ω to 1 MΩ can be measured.
2. The relation between the resistances in the given Wheatstone bridge circuit is _____________
a) P/S = R/Q
b) PR = QS
c) P/Q = R/S
d) PQ = RS
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The relation is P/Q=R/S or PS=QR.
3. Find the unknown resistance value in given circuit.
a) 10.2Ω
b) 11.7Ω
c) 10.5Ω
d) 11.5Ω
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A/B=C/D. Using this D= 10.2Ω.
4. Lower resistances are difficult to measure using Wheatstone bridge circuit because of
____________
a) Leakage currents
b) I2R effects
c) Power dissipation
d) Thermal breakdown
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A standard Wheatstone bridge couldn’t measure lower resistances because of
thermoelectric voltages which are generated at the junctions of the dissimilar metals and also
because of thermal heating effects- that is, i2R effects.
5. If P/Q=1, unknown resistance S=1000Ω and R could be varied from 0 to 100Ω then the bridge
could be ___________
a) A balanced circuit
b) A rectified circuit
c) An unbalanced circuit
d) An identical circuit
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: P/Q=R/S. If P/Q=1 then according to given range of R and S, the bridge circuit
could never be a balanced one.
Answer: b
Explanation: Delta connection is also known as Pi connection because the ∆ can be shaped into π
without disturbing the electrical equivalence of both the structures.
Answer: a
Explanation: Star connection can also be called as Y (or) T connection because the star can be
shaped into Y or T without disturbing the electrical equivalence of both the structures.
Answer: a
Explanation: R3 = RA RB / (RA +RB +RC ).
9. Convert the given Delta circuit to star circuit and give the Ra , Rb and Rc values.
Answer: b
Explanation: By using the standard formulae the delta circuit can be converted into star circuit.
a) 32.76V
b) 35.56V
c) 36.12V
d) 34.21V
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: By converting the star circuits into the delta and then measuring the equivalent
resistance, voltage value can be calculated using this resistance and the given current value.
11. Convert the given star network into Pi network and calculate the sum of all the resistances in
the obtained Pi network.
a) 125.5Ω
b) 122.5Ω
c) 127.8Ω
d) 129.8Ω
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Conversion of given network into delta gives the resistances.
After that sum of the resistances equals 122.5Ω.
12. The star and delta networks would be electrically equal if resistances measured between any
pair of terminals __________
a) Is different
b) Greater in star
c) Greater in delta
d) Is equal
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The star and delta networks would be electrically equal if a resistance measured
between any pair of terminals is same.
13. A Wheatstone bridge is balanced when the galvanometer shows __________ reading.
a) 0A
b) 1A
c) Infinity
d) -1A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: A Wheatstone bridge is balanced when the galvanometer shows 0A reading when
resistors obey P/Q=R/S.
Answer: c
Explanation: Specifically Kelvin Bridge is used for measuring lower resistances.
15. What will be the resistance between B and C when the network given below is converted into
delta?
a) 13Ω
b) 8.66Ω
c) 6.5Ω
d) 7.33Ω
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Resistance between B and C = 2+4+ ((2*4)/3).
3. Questions & Answers on Techniques of Circuit Analysis
The section contains questions and answers on node voltage and mesh current method, source
transformations, thevenin and norton equivalents, maximum power transfer and superposition.
Answer: a
Explanation: Nodal analysis or Node-Voltage method is done by identifying the currents at the
node and thereby forming equations.
2. If there are n nodes, then how many node-voltage equations are required?
a) n
b) n+1
c) n-1
d) 1
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: If there are n nodes then n-1 nodal equations are required to describe the circuit.
a) 2.5V, 3.6V
b) 2.87V, 3.25V
c) 2.65V, 3.47V
d) 3.15V, 2.76V
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Node A: VA/2 + (VA-1)/2 + (VA-VB)/1 =2
Node B: (VB-2)/2 + (VB-VA)/1 =1
By solving the above equations required voltages are obtained.
Answer: c
Explanation: A supernode is between two essential nodes.
5. Find V3 in the circuit given below.
a) 4.833V
b) 2.616V
c) -4.833V
d) -2.616V
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: supernode: V3-V2 = 5V
Node1: 166V1-100V2-66V3 =132
Node3: -166V1+265V2+99V3 =0
On solving the required voltage is obtained.
6. Find all the node voltages in the given circuit containing dependent sources.
a) 10V, 20V, 30V, 40V
b) 15V, 25V, 32V, 45V
c) 10V, -20V, 30V, -40V
d) -15V, 25V, -35V, 45V
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: At supernode: VC-VB=5iX
And ix = (VB-VA)/5. On solving remaining nodes and forming equations, the required voltage
values at nodes are obtained.
a) 132.57V
b) 137.25V
c) 173.25V
d) 123.57V
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Given voltage source 135V is in between essential node and reference node. So that
implies V1 =135V. Using this, V2 can be calculated.
Answer: d
Explanation: If there are n nodes then n-1 nodal equations are required to describe the circuit.
9. If there are (N-2+3) Node-Voltage equations then the number of nodes in the circuit are
__________
a) N+2
b) N+1
c) N
d) N-1
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: If there are n nodes then n-1 nodal equations are required to describe the circuit. So,
given N-2+3 i.e. N+1 nodal equations and it implies N+2 nodes.
Answer: c
Explanation: The node taken for reference in the network is known as reference node or datum
node.
11. If there are 9 nodes, then how many node-voltage equations are required?
a) 9
b) 10
c) 8
d) 1
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: If there are n nodes then n-1 nodal equations are required to describe the circuit.
12. There are 13 branches in a complicated network and nearly 8 nodes. How many equations are
required to solve the circuit in node-voltage method?
a) 7
b) 13
c) 5
d) 6
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Branches number is not required in this method. Only nodes number is required.
Questions and Answers for Experienced people focuses on “The Mesh-Current Method and
Dependent Sources and Some Special Cases”.
1. The loop which does not contain any other inner loop is known as _____________
a) A node
b) A mesh
c) A branch
d) A super mesh
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A mesh is defined as a loop which does not contain any other loop within it.
2. If there are 6 branches and 4 essential nodes, how many equations are required to describe a
circuit in mesh-current method?
a) 3
b) 6
c) 4
d) 2
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In Mesh-Current method, b-(n-1) equations are required to describe the circuit. b=
the number of branches and n= the number of essential nodes.
a) 0.57A
b) 0.64A
c) 0.78A
d) 0.89A
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: There are 3 meshes in the given circuit. Assuming currents I1, I2, I3 in the 3 meshes
and by applying KVL, equations will be obtained which on solving gives the respective currents
flowing in the circuits.
4. A Super Mesh analysis could be done when there is a common _____________ between any
two loops.
a) Voltage source
b) Current source
c) Resistor
d) Both voltage and current source
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: A Super Mesh analysis could be done when there is a common current source
between any two loops.
5. Calculate the current flowing through 10Ω resistor in the circuit shown below.
a) ±0.435A
b) ±0.985A
c) 1.217A
d) 2.782A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Loop2 and loop3 forms a supermesh.
Supermesh: I3-I2=4
Loop1: 11I1-10I2=2
KVL at Supermesh: -2I1+3I2+3I3=0
Solving these gives the currents flowing in the circuit and current through 10Ω resistor is either
I1-I2 or I2-I1.
6. Find the power delivered by the voltage source in the network given below.
a) 65Watts
b) 72Watts
c) 63Watts
d) 76Watts
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: 3 loops and a supermesh between loop1 and loop3. Using KVL currents are found
out. I1=9A, I2=2.5A, I3=2A. As voltage source is in 1st loop, Power delivered by voltage
source=V*I1.
Answer: d
Explanation: The Mesh-Current method is applicable only for Planar networks. A network is said
to be planar if there are no crossovers in it and it can be drawn freely on a plane surface.
8. Find the value of VX in the circuit given below.
a) –0.8A
b) +0.8A
c) -4.8A
d) +4.8A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Applying KVL, currents could be found out. I1=0.4A, I2=2.4A. VX=-I1R1.
9. A Supermesh is formed between two loops which share a common voltage source.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Meshes that share a current source with other meshes, none of which contains a
current source in the outer loop, forms a supermesh.
10. If 4 equations are required to describe a circuit by Mesh-Current method and there are n
nodes. How many branches are there in the network?
a) n+5
b) n+3
c) n
d) n-1
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Standard formulae: b-(n-1)
Given b-(n-1) =4 -> b=4+ (n-1) =n+3.
11. If there are 16 branches and 5 essential nodes, how many equations are required to describe a
circuit in mesh-current method?
a) 12
b) 16
c) 21
d) 9
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In Mesh-Current method, b-(n-1) equations are required to describe the circuit.
b=the number of branches and n= the number of essential nodes.
12. Determine the current through 3Ω resistor in the network given below.
a) 2A
b) 3A
c) 4A
d) -2A
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Mesh1 and Mesh2 form a super mesh. Assuming currents I1 and I2 and applying
KVL, the current through required resistor is found out.
Answer: a
Explanation: Mesh analysis is best suitable for Current sources.
Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “TThe Node-Voltage Method Versus the Mesh-
Current Method”.
Answer: b
Explanation: Every voltage source connected to the reference node reduces the equations to be
solved. Thus, the node-voltage method is best for voltage sources.
2. When there is a current source between two loops which method is preferred?
a) Mesh-voltage analysis
b) Node-current analysis
c) Supermesh
d) Supernode
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Supermesh is taken into consideration when there is a current source n between two
loops and is considered as one single loop.
3. Determine the current through 5Ω resistor in the network given below.
a) 3.38A
b) 6.01A
c) 3.27A
d) 1.27A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: This problem can be solved quickly by using the mesh-current method. 3loops=3
KVL equations. Solving them gives respective currents.
4. Find the power supplied by the dependent voltage source in the circuit given below.
a) 400W
b) 383W
c) 412W
d) 148W
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: 3loops=3KVL equations. Solving them gives currents flowing in the circuit. I1=5A,
I2=-1.47A, I3=0.56A .Power supplied by dependent voltage source =0.4V1 (I1-I2).
a) 0V
b) 1V
c) 4/7V
d) -4/7V
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: As there are voltage sources and nodes, node-voltage method is best suitable.
Solving gives V1 =4/7V and V2=0 (since there is no voltage source near node2).
6. If there are b branches and n nodes, then how many node-voltage equations are required?
a) n
b) b+1
c) n-1
d) b
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: If there are n nodes then n-1 nodal equations are required to describe the circuit.
Branches do nothing in this case.
7. There are 6 branches and 2 essential nodes then 3 equations are required to describe a circuit
in the mesh-current method.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In Mesh-Current method, b-(n-1) equations are required to describe the circuit. b=
the number of branches and n= the number of essential nodes. So, 6-(2-1) =5.
a) -0.17V
b) 4.83V
c) 5V
d) 2.62V
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Supernode: V3-V2=5. Applying KCL at node1 and at supernode gives the equations
which on solving, required voltages are obtained.
9. When there is a voltage source between two nodes which method is preferred?
a) Mesh-voltage analysis
b) Node-current analysis
c) Supermesh
d) Supernode
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Supernode is taken into consideration when there is a voltage source n between two
nodes.
10. Which is the best-preferred method to calculate currents flowing in the circuit?
a) Mesh-voltage analysis
b) Node-current analysis
c) Superposition principle
d) Duality principle
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: By KVL, currents can be easily found out in mesh-voltage method.
Answer: b
Explanation: In Source transformation, a voltage source in series with a resistor is replaced by a
current source in parallel with the same resistor and vice versa.
Answer: c
Explanation: In Source transformation, a voltage source in series with a resistor is replaced by a
current source in parallel with the same resistor and vice versa. So, it is bilateral.
3. If there are two resistors in parallel and in series with a voltage source then ___________
a) Parallel resistor has no effect
b) Series resistor has no effect
c) Both has their respective effects
d) Both has no effect on the voltage source
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In source transformation, the voltage source in series with a resistor to be replaced
by a current source in parallel with the same resistor and vice versa. So other resistors are
redundant and have no effect.
Answer: b
Explanation: V=IR=13*3=39V.
a) 7Ω
b) 10Ω
c) Both 7Ω and 10Ω
d) Voltage source.
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Voltage in series with a resistor in replaced by a current source but here 10Ω is in
parallel. So, it is redundant and has no effect.
6. The value of current source is __________ after replacing the given network with a single
current source and a resistor.
a) 70V
b) 60V
c) 90V
d) 80V
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: In the given circuit 9Ω resistor has no effect.
10*6=60V, 60V+20V=80V.
7. If there is a 12A current source in series with 2Ω and in parallel with a 4Ω resistor, then
voltage V=?
a) 24V
b) 48V
c) 3V
d) 6V
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: 2Ω resistor is redundant. 12*4=48V.
a) 1.33A
b) 2.35A
c) 1.66A
d) 2.66A
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: By using source transformation the above network is reduced and then by current
division rule I4Ω= 5*(2/2+4) =1.66A.
9. Calculate the power delivered by the 50V source.
a) 274W
b) 276W
c) 285W
d) 291W
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: By using source transformation the above network is reduced and current in the
circuit is found out and later power delivered by 50V source= 50*current in the circuit=
50*5.48A= 274W.
Answer: a
Explanation: Source transformation can be used for dependent sources. However, the controlling
variable must not be tampered with any way since the controlled source operation depends on it.
11. Using source transformation, calculate vm.
a) 2v
b) -2v
c) 1v
d) -1v
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Using source transformation, the network is reduced and at last voltage is obtained.
a) -3V
b) 3V
c) 2.1V
d) -2.1V
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Using source transformation, the voltage source in series with a resistor to be
replaced by a current source in parallel with the same resistor and vice versa.
Answer: c
Explanation: Ohm’s law: V=iR. By using this, the voltage/ current sources are reduced.
Answer: d
Explanation: In source transformation, only the particular voltage/current sources change
whereas the resistances remain same.
15. If there are five 20V voltage sources in parallel, then in source transformation __________
a) All are considered
b) Only one is considered
c) All are ignored
d) Only 2 are considered
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In parallel, voltages are same. So, only is considered and rest are ignored.
Questions and Answers for Experienced people focuses on “Thevenin and Norton Equivalents,
More on Deriving a Thevenin Equivalent”.
1. Find the voltage across 24Ω resistor by using Thevenin’s theorem.
a) 8V
b) 9V
c) 1V
d) 6V
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: 1. Remove 24Ω resistor and calculate the voltage across the open circuit.
2. Calculate the thevenin’s resistance and by using it, the thevenin’s current.
3. V24Ω=I*R (can also verify by using Nodal analysis).
2. Calculate Thevenin’s voltage for the network shown below where the voltage source is 4V.
a) 6V
b) 4.71V
c) 5V
d) 1V
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In the circuit given, thevenin’s voltage is nothing but the open circuit voltage which
is Vx. Applying KVL, it is obtained.
a) 6.75Ω
b) 5.85Ω
c) 4.79Ω
d) 1.675Ω
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Remove all the voltage/current sources and calculate the equivalent resistance.
4. Find the current through (5+j4) Ω resistor.
a) 0.9-j0.2 A
b) 0.78-j0.1 A
c) 2.7-j0.5 A
d) 1A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: 1. Remove the 5+j4 Ω branch and calculate thevenin’s voltage.
(V= v across 6Ω resistor- v across 8Ω resistor)
2. Calculate Zth. (10//6 and 8//8)
3. Current= (Vth/ (Zth+Z).
Answer: d
Explanation: Remove the resistor across which voltage is to be calculated and short circuit it. By
using short circuit current and resistance calculate the current across 6Ω resistor and thereby
voltage. (In this 10Ω resistor is also short-circuited since 10//0).
a) 5A
b) 3.33A
c) 4A
d) 1.66A
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: IN= (20/10) + (10/5).
7. Calculate IN for the given network.
a) 0A
b) 1A
c) 4.37A
d) 0.37A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Using nodal analysis Vx is calculated. IN =Vx/4.
a) 8Ω
b) 7Ω
c) 2Ω
d) 1Ω
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: 5//20 and then in series with 3Ω resistor.
Answer: a
Explanation: Thevenin’s equivalent circuit contains a Voltage source in series with a resistor.
Answer: b
Explanation: Norton’s equivalent circuit consists of a Current source in parallel with a resistor.
Answer: c
Explanation: Thevenin’s voltage is equal to open circuit voltage.
Answer: d
Explanation: Norton’s current is equal to Short circuit current.
13. Thevenin’s resistance RTh = ___________
a) VTh/ISC
b) VSC/ITh
c) VTh/ITh
d) VSC /ISC
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Thevenin’s resistance is defined as the ratio of open circuit voltage to the short
circuit current across the terminals of the original circuit.
14. What is the expression forthe thevenin’s current if there is an external resistance in series
with the RTh?
a) VTh/ITh
b) VTh/ (RTh-R)
c) VTh/ (RTh+R)
d) VTh/RTh
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: ITh= VTh/ (RTh+R).
15. One can find the thevenin’s resistance simply by removing all voltage/current sources and
calculating equivalent resistance.
a) False
b) True
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Yes. One can find the thevenin’s resistance simply by removing all voltage/current
sources and calculating equivalent resistance.
Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Maximum Power Transfer and Superposition”.
1. Which of the following is the example to describe the efficiency of power transfer?
a) Communication systems
b) Power utility systems
c) Instrumentation systems
d) Telecom systems
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Power utility systems are good examples for this case as they are concerned with
the generation, transmission and distribution of power in large quantities.
Answer: c
Explanation: Maximum power transfer occurs when load resistance equals the thevenin’s
resistance.
3. Maximum power in terms of the thevenin’s voltage and load resistance __________
a) (VTh) 2 /4RL
b) (VTh) 2 *4RL
c) (VTh) 2 +4RL
d) 4RL/ (VTh) 2
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Pmax= v*i= i*R*i= i2RL = (VTh/(RTh+RL))2*RL. Max power occurs when RL=RTh.
a) 900W
b) 1025W
c) 2025W
d) 1500W
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Pmax= (VTh/(RTh+RL))2*RL (RTh=RL)
VTh= (150/150+30)*540= 450V
RTh=(150*30)/180= 25Ω (the given resistors are in parallel).
5. Determine the maximum power delivered to the load in the network given.
a) 4.68W
b) 5.75W
c) 3.16W
d) 6.84W
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Load is given across node V2 and reference path. It implies the thevenin’s voltage is
V2. By using nodal analysis this voltage is found out.
RTh=RL= 10Ω//5Ω and in series with 2Ω and then parallel with 3Ω=1.92Ω
Max power = (VTh) 2 /4RL = 4.688W.
Answer: a
Explanation: A linear system obeys Superposition Principle. In a linear network parameters are
constant i/e/ won’t change with voltage and current.
8. Find the current in the 3Ω resistor of the given network using Superposition principle.
a) 2.5A
b) 3.125A
c) 6.525A
d) 5.625A
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: 1.When 20v source acting alone: current source is replaced by open circuit. Req=
5+3=8Ω and Current I= 20/8=2.5A
2. When 5A source acting alone: 20v source is replaced by a short circuit. By current division
rule, I3= 25/8=3.125A
Total current through I3= 2.5+3.125=5.625A.
9. Find the current in 5Ω resistor near 12V source using superposition principle in network given
a) 2.9A
b) -2.9A
c) 1A
d) -1A
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Only 3 sources are considered (12V, 10A, 20V), other is dependent (10I).
12v source: I=0.6A
10A source: I=-2.5A through 5Ω resistor and I=7.5A
20v source: I=-1A
Total current = 0.6+ (-2.5) + (-1) = -2.9A.
10. If there are 5 sources in a network out of which 3 are dependent and 2 are independent. For
superposition principle ___________ sources are considered.
a) 5
b) 3
c) 2
d) 0
View Answer
a) 4A
b) 1.33A
c) 2A
d) 0.66A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: when all the sources are acting alone the corresponding currents are found out using
current division rule and finally all are summated to get the required current through the1Ω
resistor. (Current = 1.33+0.66+2=4A).
12. Find the value of RL in given circuit.
a) 4Ω
b) 5Ω
c) 3Ω
d) 1.66Ω
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: RTh=RL= (2//2) + 2=3Ω.
13. Calculate the maximum power delivered to load in the network given.
a) 1.56W
b) 1.66W
c) 2.33W
d) 2.79W
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: 1.Calculation of VTh. (by using mesh analysis)
2. Calculation of Norton’s current.
3. Calculation of RTh. (RTh=VTh/IN)
4. RTh=RL and PMax= VTh/4RL.
14. In AC networks, maximum power is delivered when __________
a) ZL*ZS*=0
b) ZL+ZS*=1
c) ZL=-ZS*
d) ZL=ZS*
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Max power is delivered when load impedance equals complex conjugate of the
source impedance.
Answer: c
Explanation: Only one source acts at a time. Remaining sources are non-operative during this
period.
4. Questions on The Operational Amplifier
The section contains questions on operational amplifier terminals, inverting and noninverting
amplifiers, realistic models.
Answer: a
Explanation: Op-amp was introduced by Fairchild semiconductor in 1968.
Answer: a
Explanation: The Op-amp is a type of differential amplifier.
a) Non-inverting input
b) Non-inverting output
c) Inverting input
d) Inverting output
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: V+: Non-inverting input and V- : Inverting input.
5. When the input voltage difference is small in magnitude, the Op-amp behaves as
____________
a) Non-linear device
b) Linear device
c) Complex device
d) Bipolar device
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: When │vp-vn│is small then Op-amp acts as a linear device as the output voltage is
a linear function of input voltages.
6. If the output voltage is not a linear function of input voltage then ____________
a) Op-amp acts a linear device
b) Op-amp acts as a non-linear device
c) Op-amp acts a polar device
d) Op-amp acts as an inverter
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: If output voltage is not a linear function of input voltage then Op-amp acts as a
non-linear device.
Answer: c
Explanation: Negative feedback means a signal is fed back from output terminals to the non-
inverting input terminals and this results in a decrease in input voltage difference.
a) -2
b) 2
c) -1
d) 1
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In this circuit, the only node is at the negative terminal of the Op-amp (say Vn) and
by ideal rules of Op-amp, Vn= Vp =0(in this circuit). Gain= Vout/Vin= -R2/R1.
a) 0.719
b) 2.572
c) 1.390
d) 1.237
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Gain= Vout/Vin= -R2/R1 = -5.98*10-3/4.3*10-3.
a) -4v
b) -2.5v
c) 4v
d) 2.5v
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: In the given circuit, a negative feedback exists between Op-amp’s output and its
inverting input (voltage here is 0, as vp =vb=0 and vn=vp). Node-voltage equation is i50=i125=i0.
i50= (va-vn)/50 =1/50 mA.
I125= (v0-vn)/125 = v0/125 mA.
1/50 + v0/125 = 0.
v0 is -2.5volts.
Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Inverting and Non-Inverting Amplifier Circuit”.
Answer: a
Explanation: We assume that the opamp is in linear region.
Answer: c
Explanation: The goal of an inverting circuit is to express output voltage vo as a function of
source voltage vs.
Answer: a
Explanation: The gain is also known as scaling factor and it is the ratio of Rf/Rs in case of an
Inverting amplifying circuit.
Answer: b
Explanation: Rf/Rs ≤ │VCC/vs│.
Answer: d
Explanation: A is called open loop gain.
Answer: b
Explanation: Inverting amplifying circuit- Rs, Rf.
Non-Inverting amplifying circuit – Rs, Rf, Rg.
7. The condition for a Non-inverting amplifying circuit to operate in linear region operation
_____________
a) (Rs+Rf)/Rs < │VCC/vg│
b) (Rs+Rf)/Rs ≠ │VCC/vg│
c) (Rs+Rf)/Rs > │VCC/vg│
d) (Rs+Rf)/Rs = │VCC/vg│
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Assume that opamp is ideal. The condition for the linear region operation in a Non-
inverting amplifying circuit is (Rs+Rf)/Rs <│VCC/vg│.
8. If Rs= 3Ω, Rf= 6Ω then the relation between vo and vg in case of a Non-Inverting amplifying
circuit.
a) vo= 9vg
b) vo= 6vg
c) vo= 3vg
d) vo= vg
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: vo= ((Rs+Rf)/Rs) *vg.
9. If Rs= 5Ω, Rf= 25Ω and -2.5V ≤ vg ≤ 2.5V. What are the smallest power supply voltages that
could be applied and still have opamp in linear region?
a) ±9V
b) ±2.5V
c) ±6V
d) ±15V
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: vo= ((Rs+Rf)/Rs) *vg. By substituting the values, we have vo=6vg.
vo=6(-2.5) = -15
vo=6(2.5) =15.
10. If an inverting amplifying circuit has a gain of 10 and ±15V power supplies are used. The
values of input for which opamp would be in the linear region?
a) ±1.25
b) ±1.5V
c) ±2.25
d) ±0.5
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Gain= Rf/Rs= 10 and vo= (-Rf/Rs)*vs.
→ vo= -10vs and given -12V≤ vo ≤ 12V.
→ -15= -10vs. So, vs= 1.5V
→ 15=-10vs. So, vs=-1.5V.
11. If the gain of an inverting amplifying circuit is 13 and ±22V power supplies are used. What
range of input values allows the opamp to be in linear region?
a) ±1.69
b) ±1.35V
c) ±2.28
d) ±0.5
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Gain= Rf/Rs= 13 and vo= (-Rf/Rs)*vs.
→ vo= -13vs and given -22V≤ vo ≤ 22V.
→ -22= -13vs. So, vs=1.692 V
→ 22=-13vs. So, vs=-1.692V.
Answer: b
Explanation: The name itself indicates it is an Inverting amplifier. So, the input applied is
inverted and is given as output. Suppose the input applied is sinusoidal then, the output is
13. In R1=10kΩ, Rf=100kΩ, v1=1V. A load of 25kΩ is connected to the output terminal.
Calculate i1 and vo.
a) 0.5mA, 10V
b) 0.1mA, 10V
c) 0.1mA, -10V
d) 0.5mA, -10V
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: i1= v1/R1 = 1V/10kΩ = 0.1mA
V0= -(Rf/R1)*v1 = -(100kΩ/10kΩ)*1V = -10V.
5. Questions & Answers on Inductance, Capacitance, and Mutual Inductance
The section contains questions and answers on inductor and capacitor, series parallel
combinations, mutual inductance, rl and rc circuits, natural and unbounded responses, sequential
switching and integrating amplifier.
b)
c)
d)
View Answer
Answer: c
c)
d)
View Answer
Answer: b
Answer: a
Explanation: Q=cv. Q-charge, V-voltage, c-capacitance.
4. The capacitor doesn’t allow sudden changes in ___________
a) Voltage
b) Current
c) Resistance
d) Capacitance
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Any small change in voltage occurs within zero time across the gives an infinite
current which is practically impossible. So, in a fixed capacitor, the voltage cannot change
abruptly.
Answer: b
Explanation: Any small change in current occurs within zero time across the gives an infinite
voltage which is practically impossible. So, in a fixed inductor, the voltage cannot change
abruptly.
Answer: d
Explanation: E=∫p dt
=∫ LI*(dI/dt).dt
= L∫I dI
= ½ LI2.
Answer: c
Explanation: The unit for inductance is ‘Henry’ and capacitance is ‘Faraday’.
8. The voltage applied to a pure capacitor of 50*10-6 F is as shown in figure. Calculate the
current for 0-1msec.
a) 5A
b) 1A
c) -5A
d) -1A
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: For 0≤t≤1msec,
V (t) =m*t (y=mx form)
→100= 1*10-3*m →m= 1*105
→ V (t) = 1*105t
Current I (t) = c. d (v (t))/dt = 50*10-6* (d (1*105t)/dt) = 5A.
9. If a capacitor of capacitance 9.2F has a voltage of 22.5V across it. Calculate the energy of the
capacitor.
a) 5062.5W
b) 506.25W
c) 50.625W
d) 50625W
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: E= ½ cv2.
10. The voltage applied to the 212mH inductor is given by v(t)= 15e-5tv. Calculate the current.
a) 16.782e-10t
b) 15.75e-5t
c) 11.27e-10t
d) 14.15e-5t
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Current I(t)= 1/L 0∫t v*dt.
Answer: a
Explanation: i= C*(dv/dt).
12. If the voltage across a capacitor is constant, then current passing through it is ________
a) 1
b) 0
c) -1
d) Infinity
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: I= c*(dv/dt).
14. The insulating medium between the two plates of capacitor is known as __________
a) Electrode
b) Capacitive medium
c) Conducting medium
d) Dielectric
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The conducting surfaces are called electrodes and the insulating medium is called
Dielectric.
15. If the current flowing through an inductor of inductance 0.3Henry is 5.3t2+4.7t. Calculate the
power.
a) 0
b) 1
c) 16.854t3+22.41t2+6.62t
d) 15.3t3+27.8t2+19
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: P= L*i*(di/dt).
The section contains questions on natural and step responce of parallel and series rlc circuits,
integrating amplifiers.
Introduction to the Natural Response of a The Natural and Step Response of a Series RLC
Parallel RLC Circuit Circuit
The Step Response of a Parallel RLC Circuit A Circuit with Two Integrating Amplifiers
The section contains questions on average and reactive power, rms value, complex power, power
calculations and maximum power transfer.
The section contains questions and answers on three phase voltage sources, wye delta circuits,
three phase circuits and average power.
The section contains questions on laplace transform, impulse function, functional and operational
transforms, inverse transforms, poles and zeros, initial and final value theorems.
The section contains questions and answers on transfer function, convolution integral, steady
state sinusodial response, s domain analysis.
Circuit Elements and Analysis in the s Domain The Transfer Function and the Convolution
Applications Integral
The Transfer Function The Transfer Function and the Steady-State
The Transfer Function in Partial Fraction Sinusoidal Response
Expansions The Impulse Function in Circuit Analysis
The section contains questions on low pass, high pass, bandpass and band reject filters.
The section contains questions and answers on low pass and high pass filters, scaling, op amp
filters, narrowband bandpass filters.
The sections covers questions on fourier coefficient, applications, rms value of periodic function,
amplitude and phase spectra, exponential form of fourier series.
The sections covers questions and answers on fourier transform derivation, fourier integral
convergence, laplace transforms, parsevals theorem, circuit applications.
The sections covers questions on terminal equations and two port parameters, two port circuit
analysis and terminated two port circuit.
Here is the full list of best reference books on Basic Electric Circuits.