BIEÂN SOAÏN : NGUYEÃN THÒ THANH TRIEÂU

RELATIVE CLAUSES OR ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

(Meänh ñeà quan heä hay meänh ñeà tính töø)

A. Relative pronouns :
SUBJECT OBJECT POSSESSION
FOR PERSONS WHO WHO(M) WHOSE
FOR THINGS WHICH WHICH OF WHICH
& ANIMALS WHOSE
1. Defining clauses (Restrictive clauses) :
- The scientist who discovered a new planet has won the Nobel prize.

- The old castle which we visited was really interesting.

2. Non-defining clauses (Non-restrictive clauses) :

- Jack , who lives next door to my house , is very handsome.

- The TItanic , which is over 200 miles long , is known as the red planet.

B. Relative adverbs :
WHERE : in which, in the place , at that place
WHEN : on the day, at that time
WHY : for the reason
- I don’t know the reason why she is absent today.

- She couldn’t remember the place where she was born.

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THE USAGE OF TENSES (Caùch söû duïng caùc thì)

TENSE (Thì) USAGE (Caùch söû duïng) EXAMPLES (Ví duï)

SIMPLE TENSES (Thì ñôn)
1. General statement or truth 1. The sun rises in the East
SIMPLE
I PRESENT
(Söï thaät hieån nhieân khaúng ñònh) and sets in the West.
2. Present action 2. My father works in a
(Haønh ñoäng hieän taïi) bank.
I ½ (always, often, usually, rarely...)
You ° V 3. Habit in the present 3. We get up at 6 every day.
¾
We ° (Thoùi quen hieän taïi)
They ¿ [every(day, week, month, year)]
4. Stative verbs, verbs of perception, 4. - His propose sounds
emotion, possession or mental state wonderful.
He ½ s (Ñoäng töø chæ traïng thaùi, giaùc quan, - The game begins in 10
°
She ¾  V es*
tình caûm, sôû höõu hay tinh thaàn) minutes.
It °¿ (know, realize, recognize, doubt,
need, feel, taste, see, sound,
smell, envy, want, possess,
(* es : s, x, sh, ch, z, o) belong, exist, cost,…)

1. An action happening at a definite 1. Mary saw that film last

SIMPLE
II PAST
time in the past night.
(Haønh ñoäng xaûy ra vaøo thôøi ñieåm
xaùc ñònh trong quaù khöù)
[last night, yesterday, last (week,
ed month, year, …)]
S V nd
2 column 2. A completed action in the past 2. His uncle lived in Hanoi
(Haønh ñoäng hoaøn taát trong quaù khöù) 5 years ago.
(ago)
3. Historical facts or past events 3. Ñieän Bieân Phuû battle
(Söï kieän lòch söû hay söï kieän trong happened in 1954.
quaù khöù)

SIMPLE
III FUTURE
- An action or state in the future. - The students will have a
(Haønh ñoäng hoaëc traïng thaùi ôû test tomorrow.
Shall½ töông lai)
¾  V (- to) [tomorrow, next (week, month, year)]
Will ¿

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CONTINUOUS TENSES (Thì tieáp dieãn)

1. An action happening at the present 1. - The teacher is

PRESENT
I CONTINUOUS
time explaining the lesson
(Haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi) at the present.
(at the present, at the moment, - It is raining now.
am½ right now, now)
°
is ¾  V  ing 2. A plan or an action in the near 2. We’re having a party
are°¿ future tomorrow.
(Haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra ôû
töông lai gaàn)

1. An action going on at a certain 1. Tom was watching TV at

PAST point of time in the past. this time last night.
II CONTINUOUS (Haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra ôû moät
thôøi ñieåm nhaát ñònh trong quaù khöù)
(at this time, by this time)
2. An action going on when another 2. The tourist lost his
action happening in the past. camera while he was
Was ½
¾  V  ing (Haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra khi moät traveling around the city
Were¿ haønh ñoäng khaùc xaûy ra trong quaù khöù)
3. Two actions going on at the same 3. While my mother was
time in the past. cooking, my father was
(Hai haønh ñoäng cuøng ñang xaûy ra fixing his car last night
trong quaù khöù)
(while)

1. An action that will be happening at 1. At this time next year, my

FUTURE
III CONTINUOUS
a certain point of time in the future brother will be studying
(Haønh ñoäng dieãn tieán vaøo thôøi ñieåm in America.
nhaát ñònh trong töông lai)
(at this time next (month, year,…),
Will + Be + V+ ing by the time)
2. An action that will be happening 2. When you arrive, they
when another action takes place in will be studying music
the future lessons.
(Moät haønh ñoäng ñang xaûy ra khi moät
haønh ñoäng khaùc xaûy ra trong töông lai)

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PERFECT TENSES ( Thì hoaøn thaønh)

1. An action happening at an 1. My sister has lost her
PRESENT indefinite time in the past
I PERFECT (Haønh ñoäng xaûy ra ôû moät thôøi ñieåm
keys.

khoâng xaùc ñònh trong quùa khöù)

2. An action happening in the past 2. The students have
and continuing up to the present studied English for five
(Haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù years.
coøn keùo daøi ñeán hieän taïi)
(up to now, up to the present, so
Has ½
¾  P.P far, for, since, lately, recently,
Have¿ already, never, ever)
3. A repeated action in the past 3. They have heard that
(Haønh ñoäng ñöôïc laäp laïi nhieàu laàn song many times.
trong quaù khöù)
(many times, several times,
repeatedly, over and over)
4. An action that has just happened. 4. Her sister has just had
(Haønh ñoäng vöøa môùi xaûy ra) dinner.
(Just)
- An action that had happened before - When they arrived, we
PAST
II PERFECT
another action in the past had gone to the movies.
(Haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra tröôùc moät
Had  P.P haønh ñoäng khaùc trong quaù khöù)
- An action that will have finished at - By this time next year,
FUTURE
III PERFECT a certain point of time in the future their brother will have
(Haønh ñoäng seõ hoaøn taát ôû moät thôøi completed his English
Will  Have  P.P ñieåm nhaát ñònh trong töông lai) courses.
PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE S (Thì hoaøn thaønh tieáp dieãn)

I PRESENT Has ½
¾  Been  V ing
PERFECT CONTINUOUS Have ¿
Perfect Continuous Tense
II PAST nhaán maïnh ñeán tính lieân tuïc,
Had  Been  V ing
PERFECT CONTINUOUS khoâng giaùn ñoaïn cuûa haønh ñoäng.

III FUTURE
Will  Have  Been  V  ing
PERFECT CONTINUOUS

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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (Caâu ñieàu kieän)

CONDITION IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

(Ñieàu kieän) (Meänh ñeà IF) (Meänh ñeà chính)

Will ½
°
Future
* Simple present Can ¾  V(to)
Possible May °¿
- If it rains , we won’t go shopping.

Would ½
°
Present * Past subjunctive Could ¾  V(to)
Unreal (Be : Were - caû 3 ngoâi) °
Might ¿
- If I were you , I wouldn’t do that.

Would ½
°
Past * Past perfect Could ¾  Have  P.P
°
Unreal Might ¿
- If it hadn’t rained yesterday , we would have gone to the beach.

Notes : * Unless = If . . . not

- These plants will die unless you water the m regularly.
* Inversion of subject and verb (Ñaûo chuû ngöõ vaø ñoäng töø)
- If she had more practice, she would speak English better .
o Did she have more practice, she would speak English better.
- If I had seen her, I would have given her your letter .
o Had I seen her, I would have given her your letter .

CAÙC DAÏÏNG ÑOÄNG TÖØ SAU “ WISH “

Ñoäng töø ôû caâu “ coù thaät “
I can’t fly to Hanoi tomorrow.
Öôùc muoán
He isn’t going to help me.
ôû töông lai
He won’t find it for me.
I don’t have enough time to study
Öôùc muoán
She is drinking beer right now
ôû hieän taïi
I can’t speak several languages
Öôùc muoán Mary didn’t understand this story
ôû quaù khöù Mary couldn’t understand this story
Ñoäng töø sau “ WISH “
I wish I could fly to Hanoi tomorrow.
I wish he were going to help me.
I wish he would find it for me.
I wish I had enough time to study.
I wish she weren’t drinking beer right now.
I wish I could speak several languages..
I wish Mary had understood this story.
I wish Mary could have understood this story.

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SUBJECT - VERB AGREEMENT (Söï hoøa hôïp giöõa chuû töø vaø ñoäng töø)
1. Chuû ngöõ soá ít o Ñoäng töø soá ít
- Her only concern is her children .
2. Chuû ngöõø coù AND noái giöõa o Ñoäng töø soá nhieàu/ soá ít, tuøy vaøo nghóa
- Mary and Susan are students .
- Love and to be loved is everything.
3. Chuû ngöõø ñöôïc noái vôùi nhau baèng WITH, TOGETHER, ALONG WITH,
AS WELL AS o Ñoäng töø theo yeáu toá ñi tröôùc
- My sister as well as her friends goes shopping every weekend .
with
along with
together with

4. Chuû ngöõ ñöôïc noái vôùi nhau baèng EITHER … OR, NEITHER … NOR, OR
o Ñoäng töø theo yeáu toá gaàn nhaát
- Either you or I am going to be punished .

5. Chuû ngöõø ñöôïc noái vôùi nhau baèng ALLBUT, BOTH … ANDo Ñoäng töø soá nhieàu
- All but Tom pass the exam .
6. Chuû ngöõø ñi sau EACH, EVERY o Ñoäng töø soá ít
- Every girl likes present .
7. Theo sau ñaïi töø baát ñònh : ANYBODY, ANYONE, EVERYBODY,
EVERYONE, NONE OF, SOMEBODY . . . o Ñoäng töø soá ít
- Is everyone hot ?
- None of us is as strong as all of us.
8. Moät caâu baét ñaàu baèng THERE hoaëc HERE o Ñoäng töø ñöôïc chia theo chuû
töø ñi sau noù
- Here comes the bus.
- There come the dishes.
9. Danh töø taäp hôïp o Ñoäng töø soá ít khi noù ñöôïc ñeà caäp nhö moät toång theå
- Your family is happy .

10. Danh töø taäp hôïp o Ñoäng töø soá nhieàu khi noù chæ soá nhieàu caùc phaàn töû
- The team are working together well .

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11. Caùc töïa saùch, taïp chí, phim, kòch, moùn tieàn, khoaûng thôøi gian o Ñoäng töø soá ít
- A billion dollars is a lot of money.
12. Nhöõng moân hoïc (Economics, Mathematics, Dynamics, Statistics, Physics...)
o Ñoäng töø soá ít
- Physics is my interesting subject .
13. Danh töø tröøu töôïng o Ñoäng töø soá ít
- All this information is very important .
14. Chuû ngöõ laø danh ñoäng töø, ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu vaø meänh ñeà o Ñoäng töø soá ít
- To speak English requires much practice.

MODAL VERBS (ñoäng töø khieám khuyeát )

1. CAN, COULD
a. CAN : - Khaû naêng coù theå thöïc hieän ñieàu gì.
(Can you speak any foreign languages ?)
- Duøng ñeå yeâu caàu, xin pheùp (Can I have a drink ?)
b. COULD : - Moät khaû naêng naøo ñoù trong quaù khö.ù
(She could run 2 miles without stopping when she was young.)
- Moät söï cho pheùp trong quaù khö.ù (I could do anything I wanted.)
- Duøng ñeå yeâu caàu, xin pheùp, nhôø vaû moät caùch lòch söï.
(Could you pass salt for me, please ?)
2. MAY, MIGHT
- Chæ moät haønh ñoäng coù theå xaûy ra trong töông lai hay moät öôùc ñoaùn.
(Take an umbrella with you. It may rain later.)
- Ñeå xin pheùp, yeâu caàu, ñeà nghò coù tính caùch lòch söï. (Might I say sth ?)
3. MUST :
- Vieäc caàn thieát coù theå xaûy ra. (You must remember to go to the bank today.)
- Ñöa ra moät lôùi khuyeân. (You really must see that film. It’s wonderful).
- Khaúng ñònh moät ñieàu gì ñoù. (You must be very hungry.)
- Moät vieäc baét buoäc phaûi ñöôïc thöïc hieän. (I must get a hair cut.)
4. SHOULD :
- Moät söï baét buoäc nheï nhaøng hoaëc lôùi khuyeân. (You should study hard.)
- Duøng ôû phuû ñònh (SHOULDN’T) ñeå chæ moät lôøi khuyeân.
(The children shouldn’t sit so close the TV.)

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PASSIVE VOICE (BE + P.P)
TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE

Am / is/ are + P.P

Simple
- My mother gives me money - I am given money today by
present
today. my mother.

Am / is/ are + V + ing Am / is/ are + Being + P.P

Present
- The teacher is asking many - Many questions are being
continuous
questions. asked by the teacher.

Has / Have + P.P Has / Have + Been + P.P

Present
- They have used this - This dictionary has been used
perfect
dictionary for 10 years. for 10 years.

Simple Was / Were + P.P

past - We found the book in his bag. - The book was found in his bag.

Was / Were + V + ing Was / Were + Being + P.P

Past
- My uncle was cutting grass - Grass was being cut by my
continuous
when it began to rain. uncle when it began to rain.

Had + P.P Had + Been + P.P

Past
- They had bought the novel - The novel had been bought
perfect
before I arrived. before I arrived.
Will ½ Will ½
Would ° Would °
° °
Can ° Can °
° °
Modal Verbs

Could ° Could °
¾  V(to) ¾  Be  P.P
Should ° Should °
May ° May °
° °
Might ° Might °
° °
Must ¿ Must ¿

Has ½ Has ½
° °
Have ¾  to infinitive Have ¾  To Be  P.P
° °
Ought ¿ Ought ¿

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CAUSATIVE FORM (Daïng truyeàn khieån)

sb sb
V(to) To inf initive
HAVE  O  GET  O 
sth P.P o passive meaning sth P.P o passive meaning
- The teacher has the students translate this text into English.
o The teacher has this text translated into English.
- I got him to repair the radio last week .
o I got the radio repaired last week.

MOÄT SOÁ ÑOÄNG TÖØ THEO SAU LAØ DANH ÑOÄNG TÖØ, ÑOÄNG TÖØ
NGUYEÂN MAÃU COÙ TO HOAËC DUØNG CHUNG CHO CAÛ HAI

­ V  ing
°
VERB  ® To inf initive
°
¯ O  To inf initive
* Verb + V + ing :
- admit, advise, anticipate, avoid, complete, consider, delay, deny, discuss,
dislike, enjoy, finish, forget, keep, mind, mention, miss, postpone, practice,
protest, quit, recall, recollect, recommend, regret, resent, resist, risk, stop,
suggest, understand
- can’t stand, can’t bear, can’t help, it’s worth, it’s no use, it’s useless
- give up, put off, go on, carry on, . . .
* Verb + To infinitive :
- afford , agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, care, claim, consent,
decide, demand, expect, fai l, forget, hope, learn, manage, mean, offer, plan,
prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, struggle, tend, thre aten, wait, . . .
* Verb + O + To infinitive :
- advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, convince, dare, enable,
encourage, expect, force , hire, invite, mean, need, order, permit, persuade,
remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn, would like
­ To inf initive
* VERB  ® :
¯ V  ing
- begin, start, continue, try, stop, remember, forget , need, regret

ÑAÏI HOÏC SÖ PHAÏM TP. HCM

TRUNG TAÂM LUYEÄN THI ÑAÏI HOÏC VÓNH VIEÃN
115 Lyù Chính Thaéng - Quaän 3 - ÑT : 846 9886
481 Tröôøng Chinh - P.14 - Q.TB - ÑT : 810 5851
(Ñoái dieän Trung taâm daïy ngheà Taân Bình, vaøo 30m)
33 Vónh Vieãn - Q.10 (Tröôøng CÑ Kinh Teá) - ÑT : 830 3795

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FORMATION OF NOUNS (Caùch thaønh laäp danh töø)

* Theâm tieáp ñaàu ngöõ (Prefix) vaøo tröôùc töø

Prefix Meaning Example
dis- * displeasure, dishonesty
in– im- traùi nghóa * injustice, impurity
un- * untruth, unbelief
mis- sai, loãi laàm * misbehavior, misconception
co- * co-education, co-author
cuøng vôùi
com- con- * compassion, confederation
bi - hai * bicycle, bilingual
re- laïi, laàn nöõa * rearmament, redevelopment
after- sau * afternoon, afterthought
out- phaùt ra, ôû ngoaøi * outbreak, outlaw
over- treân * overtime, overproduction
under- döôùi, keùm * undergrowth, undertone
* Theâm tieáp vó ngöõ (suffix) vaøo sau töø
Suffix Meaning Example
-ar * beggar, liar
-or ngöôøi laøm * actor, conductor
-er * leader, writer
-dom
(tình traïng, lónh vöïc) * freedom, wisdom, kingdom
(sau danh hoaëc tính töø)
-full ñaày * handful, mouthful
-hood
(danh töø tröøu töôïng) * childhood,neighborhood, brotherhood
(sau danh hoaëc tính töø)
-ie * birdie
-let vaät nhoû beù * booklet
-ling * duckling
-ing coâng vieäc * walking, reading, writing, dancing
-ness
(danh töø tröøu töôïng) * kindness, usefulness, happiness
(sau tính töø)
-ship (danh töø tröøu töôïng) * friendship, fellowship
-th (sau tính töø) (danh töø tröøu töôïng) * truth, warmth, width, growth
-ty * cruelty, loyalty
(danh töø tröøu töôïng)
-ity * electricity,
, profundity
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FORMATION OF COMPOUND NOUNS (Caùch thaønh laäp danh töø keùp)

noun + noun schoolboy, classroom

gerund + noun dining-car, sitting-room
adjective + noun blackboard, grandfather
noun + preposition looker-on, passer-by
verb + noun pick-pocket, cut-pocket

FORMATION OF ADJECTIVES (Caùch thaønh laäp tính töø)

* Theâm tieáp ñaàu ngöõ (Prefix) vaøo tröôùc töø

Prefix Meaning Example

a + Verb ñang alive, asleep
un, in, im + Adj. khoâng unhappy, unlucky, inactive, impolite

* Theâm tieáp vó ngöõ (suffix) vaøo sau töø

Suffix Meaning Example

Verb + ed ñöôïc, bò equipped, pleased
Noun + en laøm baèng chaát lieäu golden, wooden
Noun + ern (sau ñoäng töø chæ phöông höôùng) southern, northern
Noun + ful ñaày ñuû, nhieàu hopeful, beautiful
Noun + ish babyish, reddish,
hôi, coù veû
Adjective + ish youngish
Noun + less khoâng hopeless, homeless
Noun + like coù veû gioáng nhö fairylike, dreamlike
Noun + ly coù veû gioáng nhö lovely, daily, monthly
Noun + some quarrelsome
(chæ tính caùch)
Adjective + some gladsome
Noun +y (thuôøng ñi vôùi danh töø chæ thôøi tieá
) t rainy, sunny, snowy

FORMATION OF COMPOUND ADJECTIVES (Caùch thaønh laäp tính töø keùp)

adj + adj dark-blue, red-hot
noun + adj snow-white, blood-red
adj + noun + ed dark-eyed, bare-footed

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VERBS FORMED FROM ADJECTIVES AND NOUNS

(Caùc ñoäng töø ñöôïc thaønh laäp töø tính töø vaø danh töø)

ADJECTIVE VERB MEANING NOUNS VERB MEANING

able enable cho pheùp, taïo khaû naêng actor act h aønh ñoäng
angry anger laøm töùc giaän addition add c oäng, theâm vaøo
black blacken boâi ñen beauty beautify laøm ñeïp
bright brighten laøm raïng rôõ, laøm saùng belief believe tin töôûng
broad broaden môû roäng blood bleed chaûy maùu
calm becalm laøm laëng circle encircle bao vaây
certain ascertain xaùc ñònh circulation circulate löu thoâng
cheap cheapen laøm cho reû hôn class classify phaân loaïi
civil civilize laøm cho vaên minh colony colonize thöïc daân hoùa
clean cleanse thanh loïc, taåy saïch company accompany hôïp vôùi, ñi cuøng
clear clarify laøm roõ competition compete tranh ñua, caïnh tranh
dark darken laøm saãm laïi composition compose saùng taùc
deep deepen laøm cho saâu courage encourage khuyeán khích
electric electrify truyeàn ñieän creator create taïo ra, saùng taïo
equal equalize san baèng (tæ soá) custom accustom laøm cho quen
false falsify laøm giaû deed do laøm
fat fatten laøm cho beùo description describe moâ taû
fertile fertilize laøm cho maøu môõ dictation dictate aùm taû, ñoïc ñeå ghi cheùp
full fill laáp ñaày dirt dirty laøm baån
glad gladden laøm cho vui söôùng division divide chia
hot heat laøm noùng drama dramatize ñoùng kòch
large enlarge phoùng to education educate giaùo duïc
less lessen laøm giaûm endurance endure chòu ñöïng
light lighten laøm saùng food feed cho aên
long lengthen keùo daøi friend befriend giuùp ñôõ
loose loosen nôùi loûng, thuøng thình glory glorify laøm veû vang
low lower haï thaáp grief grieve ñau buoàn
mad madden laøm (ai) phaùt ñieân growth grow taêng tröôûng, phaùt trieån
obedient obey vaâng lôøi horror horrify laøm kinh hoaøng
pure purify laøm trong saïch illustration illustrate minh hoïa
quick quicken laøm taêng tröôûng imitation imitate baét chöôùc
rich enrich laøm giaøu justice justify phaåm ñònh, minh chöùng
sad sadden laøm buoàn knee kneel quyø goái
safe save ñeå daønh knowledge know bieát
sharp sharpen laøm beùn, saéc life live soáng

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ADJECTIVE VERB MEANING NOUNS VERB MEANING

short shorten ruùt ngaén liquid liquefy laøm loûng
simple simplify ñôn giaûn hoaù moisture moisturize laøm aåm
smooth smoothen laøm phaúng nation nationalize quoác höõu hoùa
soft soften laøm dòu pleasure please laøm haøi loøng
solemn solemnize trònh troïng hoaù product produce saûn xuaát
solid solidify cuûng coá proof prove chöùng minh
strong strengthen taêng cöôøng relief relieve laøm nheï
sweet sweeten laøm ngoït solution solve giaûi quyeát
tight tighten thaét chaët success succeed thaønh coâng
vacant vacate laøm troáng sympathy sympathize caûm thoâng
visual visualize hình dung terror terrify laøm khieáp sôï
wide widen môû roäng thought think suy nghó

PREPOSITIONS
NOUN + PREPOSITION PREPOSITION OF TIME PREPOSITION OF PLACE
BY accident = BY chance tình côø AT AT
- noon, night, midnight,… - 2 Le Duan Street,
BY cheque baèng ngaân phieáu - 5 o’clock, ten forty, District 1,…
BY mistake do sô xuaát half past four,… - school, home, play,
FOR example = FOR instance thí duï? - the age of,… work,…

FOR fun cho vui ON IN

FOR breakfast/lunch/dinner
FOR the sake OF
FOR sale
FOR a walk/a swim/a drink
IN one’s opinion
cho böõa ñieåm taâm/tröa/toái - Monday, Tuesday,… - Vietnam, the U.S, Japan,
- June 21st, 2005,… Singapore, England,…
vì lôïi ích - Christmas day, holiday, - HCM City, Paris,
ñeå baùn - Sunday morning, London, New York,…
ñi taûn boä/bôi/uoáng Friday evening,… - a box, a room,
theo yù kieán (ai) - weekdays, weekend,… the factory,...

IN love with yeâu ai IN IN or AT

- February, March, May,… - a river
ON a diet aên kieâng
- 2005, 1999,… - the sea
ON fire ñang c haùy - Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter - the swimming pool
ON holiday/business/a trip ñi nghæ maùt/coâng - the morning, the afternoon,
taùc/du lòch the evening

ON strike ñình coâng FROM . . . TO / TILL PREPOSITION

ON TV/the radio treân TV/radio : Töø . . . ñeán OF MOVEMENT
OUT OF date z UP TO date loãi thôøi SINCE : Töø khi ON
OUT OF order hö hoûng - foot, horseback,…
FOR : Trong
OUT OF practice khoâng luyeän taäp (khoaûng thôøi gian) BY
- bus, train, car, ship,
OUT OF sight xa taàm nhìn DURING : Trong suoát
motorbike,…
OUT OF work thaáp nghieäp (thôøi gian)

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 Hoïc nhanh TIEÁNG ANH CAÁ
CAÁPP3
3

ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION
afraid OF sôï, ngaïi full OF sb / sth ñaày
amazed AT ngaïc nhieân veà good AT sth gioûi veà
angry WITH sb (ABOUT/AT) sth giaän döõ ai veà ñieàu gì grateful TO sb FOR sth bieát ôn ai veà ñieàu gì
angry WITH sb FOR giaän ai veà ñieàu gì happy ABOUT / IN / WITH haïnh phuùc,
doing sth sung söôùng veà
annoyed WITHsb (ABOUT/AT)sth böïc mình ai veà ñieàu gì hopeles s AT sth voâ voïng veà
anxious ABOUT lo laéng veà hungry FOR khao khaùt
anxious FOR tha thieát mong öôùc jealous OF ghen tò
furious ABOUT noåi giaän veà kind T O töû teá
ashamed OF xaáu hoå keen ON say meâ, soát saéng
astonished AT/ BY sth kinh ngaïc veà mad ABOUT / ON raát say ñaém
aware OF = c onscious OF bieát, nhaän bieát married TO keát hoân vôùi
bad AT z good AT dôû veà caùi gì mean TO buûn xæn, heøn haï
bored WITH / AT sth chaùn nice TO töû teá, thaân thieän
busy WITH / AT sth baän roän nervous ABOUT lo sôï, hoài hoäp veà
capable OF coù khaû naêng veà proud OF kieân haõnh veà
clever AT gioûi veà rude TO hoån laùo
careful ABOUT/ OF caån thaän veà satisfied WITH haøi loøng, thoûa maõn
z careless ABOUT ñieàu gì = pleased WITH
careful WITH caån thaän ñoái vôùi scare OF sôï
certain OF/ ABOUT chaén chaén veà short OF thieáu
considerate OF/ TOWARDS sb quan taâm ñeán ai sorry FOR / ABOUT aân haän, hoái tieác
cruel TO sb / sth taøn nhaãn vôùi ai/caùi gì surprised AT ngaïc nhieân veà
delighted WITH / AT sth haøi loøng shocked AT / BY bò chaán ñoäng veà,
vôùi / veà ñieàu gì söûng soát veà
different FROM khaùc nhau similar TO töông töï
disappointed WITH/ IN sb/ sth thaát voïng veà tired OF = bored WITH chaùn
eager FOR khao khaùt tired FROM meät moûi veà
engaged TO sb höùa hoân vôùi ai typical OF tieâu bieåu, ñieån hình
equal TO töông ñöông upset ABOUT khoù chòu veà
excited ABOUT sth phaán khôûi veà worth y OF xöùng ñaùng
familiar WITH sth / sb quen thuoäc vôùi worried ABOUT lo laéng veà
famous FOR sth noåi tieáng veà interested IN thích, quan taâm
fond OF sb / sth yeâu thích nice/kind/good/ toát, töû teá, thaân
ai / ñieàu gì friendly/polite OF thieän, lòch söï

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CAÁPP3
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VERB + PREPOSITION
accord WITH hôïp vôùi dream OF mô trôû thaønh
accompany BY sb ñi keøm vôùi engage TO ñính hoân
accompany WITH sth hoøa nhòp fight FOR chieán ñaáu cho
adjust TO thích nghi gaze AT nhìn chaè m chaèm
admire sth/sb FOR sth khaâm phuïc get IN z get OFF leân
(Car, Taxi, Small boat)
agree WITH sb ñoàng yù vôùi ai get On z get OFF leân
ABOUT/ ON sth veà ñieàu gì (Bus, Train, Plane, Ship)
angry WITH sb ABOUT/AT sth giaän ai veà ñieàu gì grateful TO bieát ôn
aim AT ghaém vaøo glance AT lieác nhìn
apologize TO sb FOR sth xin loãi ai veà ñieàu gì Insist ON khaêng khaêng
arrive AT (small place) ñeán live ON soáng nhôø vaøo
arrive IN (large place) ñeán listen TO laéng nghe
appeal TO haáp daãn, thu huùt look AFTER chaêm soùc
apply FOR noäp ñôn look FOR tìm kieám
approve OF taùn thaønh look FORWARD TO mong ñôïi
argue WITH sb ABOUT/OVER sth tranh caûi vôùi ai veà ñieàu gì object TO phaûn ñoái
believe IN tin töôûng vaøo participate IN tham gia
belong TO thuoäc veà propose TO caàu hoân
blush FOR theïn ñoû maët put OUT daäp taét
boast OF khoe khoang put OFF dôøi laïi
care ABOUT quan taâm, lo laéng refer TO ñeà caäp
care FOR thích, muoán r esponsible TO sb FOR sth chòu traùch nhieäm
combine WITH keáp hôïp vôùi quarrel WITH caûi vaû
comment ON bình luaän veà seek FOR = Search tìm kieám
compare WITH so saùnh stand FOR thay cho
complain TO sb ABOUT sth phaøn naøn ai veà ñieàu gì su ffer FROM chòu döïng
consist OF goàm coù sympathize WITH thoâng caûm
count ON tin töôûng vaøo think ABOUT nghó veà, nhôù veà
ceal WITH giao dòch think OVER caân nhaéc veà
cebate ABOUT tranh luaän veà wait FOR chôø ñôïi
depend ON phuï thuoäc vaøo wander FROM laïc ñöôøng
difficulty WITH sth khoù khaên watch OVER troâng noâm
difficulty IN doing sth khoù khaên wave AT vaåy tay
derive FROM coù nguoàn goác töø weep FOR khoùc vì
die FOR cheát (vì lí töôûng) whisper TO thì thaàm
die OF cheát (vì beänh) wish FOR mong öôùc
differ FROM chòu ñöïng wonder ABOUT thaéc maéc veà
do WITH khaùc bieät vôùi wonder AT ngaïc nhieân veà

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REPORTED SPEECH (Caâu töôøng thuaät)
Khi chuyeån töø caâu daãn tröïc tieáp sang caâu töôøng thuaät, caàn löu yù :
1. Chuû ngöõ :
- Ngoâi thöù nhaát trong meänh ñeà phuï (trong ngoaëc keùp) o cuøng ngoâi vôùi
chuû ng öõø meänh ñeà chính.
- Ngoâi th öù hai trong meänh ñeà phuï o cuøng ngoâi vôùi tuùc tö ø meänh ñeà chính.
- Ngoâi thöù ba khoâng thay ñoåi.
2. Ñoäng töø :
- Neáu ñoäng töø ôû meänh ñeà chính ôû thì hieän taïi hay hieän taïi töông ñöông o
ñoäng töø trong meänh ñeà phuï khoâng thay ñoåi thì.
- Neáu ñoäng töø ôû meänh ñeà phuï ôû thì quaù khöù o taát caû ñoäng töø trong meänh ñeà
phuï seõ ñoåi theo baûng (1).
3. Traïng töø chæ thôøi gian : Thay ñoåi theo baûng (2).

BAÛNG (1) BAÛNG (2)

DIRECT INDIRECT DIRECT INDIRECT
Simple present o Simple past Now o Then
Simple past o Past perfect This, these o That, those
Present perfect o Past perfect Here o There
Past perfect o Past perfect Ago o Before
Present continuous o Past continuous Today, tonight o That day, that night
Past continuous o Past prefect continuous Last night o The night before
Future o Future in past Yesterday o The day before
[Would + V (-to)] Tomorrow o The next day

TYPE DIRECT INDIRECT SPEECH

Statements - He said, “I will come here soon” - He told me (that) he would come
there soon.
- Mary says, “I am beautiful” - Mary says (that) she is beautiful.
Yes, No - Tom asked Mary, “ Do you - Tom asked Mary if (whether) she
questions understand me ? “ understood him.
- She asked, “ Will he leave ? “ - She asked me if (whether) he
would leave.
W-H questions - Susan asked, “ What time is it ? “ - She asked me what time it was.
- They asked, “ When will the - They asked me when the meeting
meeting end ? “ would end.
Commands - The teacher said, “Sit down, please“ The teacher told us to sit down.
or - She said, “ Don’t put your book on - She told me not to put my book
Requests my table “ on her table.

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