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i.e. 𝛿
𝜀=
𝐿 𝐿 𝛿
1
Strain problem 1 Strain problem 1
During a stress strain test, the unit
deformation at a stress of 35MPa was observed Given:
to be 167x10-6m/m and at a stress of 140MPa σ1=35MPa
it was 667x10-6m/m. if the proportional limit ɛ1=167x10-6m/m
was 200MPa, what is the modulus of elasticity? σ2=140MPa
What is the strain corresponding to a stress of
ɛ2=667x10-6m/m
80MPa?
σ3=80MPa
Required:
E=?
ɛ80MPa =?
2
Strain problem 3 Strain problem 3
An aluminum bar having a cross-sectional area Given:
of 160mm2 carries the axial loads at the A=160mm2
position shown. If E=70GPa, compute the total E=70GPa
deformation of the bar. Assume that the bar is Required:
suitably braced to prevent buckling.
δTotal=?
P1 L1
δ1 =
AE
(35,000N)(0.8m)(1,000mm/m)
ΣFH = 0 =
N
(160mm2 ) 70,000
P1 = 35kN mm2
𝛅𝟏 = 𝟐. 𝟓𝐦𝐦(+)
ΣFH = 0 P2 L2 ΣFH = 0 P3 L3
δ2 = δ3 =
P2 + 15kN = 35kN AE P3 = 10kN AE
P2 = 20kN (20,000N)(1m)(1,000mm/m) (10,000N)(0.6m)(1,000mm/m)
= =
N N
(160mm2 ) 70,000 (160mm2 ) 70,000
mm2 mm2
𝛅𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟗𝐦𝐦(+) 𝛅𝟑 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟒𝐦𝐦(−)
Strain problem 3
δTotal = δ1 + δ2 + δ3
δTotal = 2.5mm + 1.79mm − 0.54mm
δTotal = 3.75mm(elongation)
3
Statically indeterminate bodies
4
Statically indeterminate problem 2 Statically indeterminate problem 2
ΣFV = 0 A s = 6 600mm2
Given: PC + PS = P A S = 3,600mm2
A C = 300mm 2 − A s
σC A C + σS A S = P
σC =6MPa A C = 86,400mm2
𝛿C = 𝛿S
σS =120MPa σC LC σS LS If σS = 120MPa
Required: = 120MPa = 14.29σC
EC ES σC = 8.40MPa > 6MPa
PMax=? σC σS
= unacceptable
EC ES If σC = 6MPa
σC σS
= σS = 14.29 6MPa
14GPa 200GPa σS = 85.74MPa < 120MPa
σS = 14.29σC 𝐚𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞
σC A C + σS A S = P
6MPa 86,400mm2 + 85.74MPa 3,600mm2 = P
827,064N = P
EC=14GPa
ES=200GPa P = 400 kN
P =400kN
BEARING
PLATE
Required:
AS=?
5
Statically indeterminate problem 4 Statically indeterminate problem 4
Aluminum Steel
A=1.25in2 A=2.0in2
Given: E=10x106psi E=29x106psi
ΣFH = 0
AA=1.25in2 R1 R2
R1 + R 2 = 50,000lbs
AS=2.0in2 15in 10in R1 = 50,000lbs − R 2
EA=10x106psi R1 R1
δA = δA = δ
ES=29x106psi Aluminum Steel PL PL
A=1.25in2 A=2.0in2 =
P =50kips E=29x106psi
R2 R2 AE A AE S
E=10x106psi
Required: R1 15in R 2 10in
=
σC=? 1.25in2 10x106 psi 2.0in2 29x106 psi
15in 10in
σS=? 6.96R1 = R 2
6.96 50,000lbs − R 2 = R 2
𝟒𝟑, 𝟕𝟏𝟖. 𝟓𝟗𝐥𝐛𝐬 = 𝐑 𝟐
Steel
A rigid block of mass M is supported by three symmetrically
Aluminum
A=1.25in2 A=2.0in2 spaced rods as shown. Each copper rod has an area of
E=10x106psi E=29x106psi 900mm2; E=120GPa; and the allowable stress is 70MPa.
R1 R2 The steel rod has an area of 1,200mm2; E=200GPa; and the
allowable stress is 140MPa. Determine the largest mass M
15in 10in which can be supported..
M
𝐑 𝟐 = 𝟒𝟑, 𝟕𝟏𝟖. 𝟓𝟗𝐥𝐛𝐬 R1 = 50,000lbs − R 2
R2 43,718.59lbs R1 = 50,000lbs − 43,718.59lbs Copper Steel Copper
σS = = L=160mm L=240mm L=160mm
AS 2.0in2 𝐑 𝟏 = 𝟔, 𝟐𝟖𝟏. 𝟒𝟏𝐥𝐛𝐬 A=900mm2 A=1,200mm2 A=900mm2
σS = 21,859.30psi R1 6,281.41lbs E=120GPa E=200GPa E=120GPa
σA = =
AA 1.25in2
σA = 5,025.12psi
Given:
LC=160mm
ΣFH = 0
LS=240mm 2PC + PS = W
AC=900mm2 2 σA C + σA S = Mg
AS=1,200mm2
EC=120GPa
ES=200GPa δC = δS = δ
W=Mg
σL σL
σC=70MPa =
E C E S
σS=140MPa
𝛅
𝐏𝐂 𝐏𝐒 𝐏𝐂
σC 160mm σS 240mm
Required: =
120x103 MPa 200x103 MPa
M=? (largest) 10σC = 9σS
6
Statically indeterminate problem 5 Statically indeterminate problem 5
9 Use
σC = σ
10 S σC = 70MPa and
If σS = 140MPa σS = 77.78MPa
9
σC = 140MPa
10
From
σC = 126MPa > 70MPa
2 σA C + σA S = Mg
unacceptable
2 70MPa 900mm2 +
W=Mg If σC = 70MPa W=Mg
77.78MPa 1,200mm2
10 m
σS = 70MPa = M 9.81 2
𝛅
9 𝛅 s
𝐏𝐂 𝐏𝐒 𝐏𝐂 σS = 77.78MPa < 140MPa 𝐏𝐂 𝐏𝐒 𝐏𝐂
M = 22,358.41kg
𝐚𝐜𝐜𝐞𝐩𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞