CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Social work as a profession is guided by the basic principle of recognizing the inherent worth and dignity of a man. Along with

this profession are the different se

In accordance with the Sustainable developmenta goals of the Philippine Government- to be globally competitive in addressing

the needs of Filipinos it is mandated through the Department of Health and National Health Insurance of the Philippines that all hospitals in

the country government and private should employ medical social workers who will be implementing social development through social

services.
Through social development, the patients and their families gain insight into their
own personalities, values (social, spiritual, moral, and cultural), strengths and
capabilities. This enables them to determine their own needs and resources.

Medical social workers as an integral part of the organizational set-up of the hospital/health agency is an agent of change and is geared

toward fostering self-reliance among its patients and their families.

Poverty is the condition of having insufficient resources or income. A person who

is in poverty struggles for daily survival meeting the increasing demand of life. In

other words poverty is simply the inability of the person to meet his needs.

Philippines having a huge population of 92,337,852 based on the 2010

Census of Population and Housing; and is ranking 12th in the world’s populated

country experiences poverty and is already an ordinary situation to consider.

People having almost no access to basic health and education needs due to their
1
situation. Due to the extreme poverty our country is facing on, several aspects

like the education and health are affected. As the people suffer the

consequences of having least access to education due to the high tuition fees,

cut-backs of budget to education by the government, more people tend to employ

themselves in the life-risking labor, but low-income jobs. More people also tend to

have poor health due to the least access even on basic health needs. (Ericta,

2012)

On the other hand, the government continues to exert efforts to solve

these problems. For decades already, poverty in our country still is the issue

behind of the many crimes around. Way back in the Arroyo’s administration, the

concept of conditional cash transfer (CCT) had been introduced in the Philippines

band until now, it is still being continued by the Aquino’s administration, the CCT

or the locally known as the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program or the 4Ps has

gain popularity all over the country.

According to Handa and Davis (2006) the first CCTs originated in Mexico

and Brazil in the late 1990s as ‘home grown ‘initiatives that pioneered the notion

of a demand-side intervention that paired an income transfer with required

behaviors for recipients. Both later grew into large national-scale programs

known in Mexico as Progresa (renamed Oportunidades in 2001) and in Brazilas

Bolsa Escola ( which merged with other programs to become Bolsa Familia in

2003).Both Progression Bolsa Escola were initially designed and financed

without the help of development banks and international funding was only

introduced during subsequent expansion of both programs. Since then, there has

2
been overwhelming support from the World Bank and the Inter-American

Development Bank (IDB) for CCTs. CCTs have mainly been implemented in

middle-income countries with existing administrative capacity and available

health and education services. However, interest in CCTs is growing throughout

the developing world. After initial popularity across Latin America, CCTs have

emerged in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East and have begun to take on new

forms. (Baset, 2008)

In the Philippine setting where one of the trend of the Aquino

administration is the project of Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) or locally known

as the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps). The 4Ps which is the

response in the light of poverty reality situation in the Philippines is in line with

the Millennium Development Goals (MDG): a) eradicate extreme poverty; b)

achieve universal primary education; c) Promote Gender Equality; d) reduce child

mortality; e) improve maternal health. (Montalbo, 2009)

4Ps started in the Philippines with an initial of 4,600 pilot household

beneficiaries in 2007. It has grown quickly over the last four years with 320,411

beneficiaries in 2008, 734,691 beneficiaries in 2009, one million in 2010 and a

targeted 2.4 million in 2011. It is being implemented in 75 cities and 950 towns

nationwide as of mid-August 2011. As of this year (June 19, 2012) there are 3

million household beneficiaries of 4Ps. (Silverio, 2012)

The program works by giving cash grants to the poorest households

identified as beneficiaries with pregnant women members and children 0-14

3
years of age. They shall receive an amount of P500.00 for health and nutrition

and P300.00 per child for their education. A maximum of three beneficiaries shall

be covered by the program, thus a family having 3 children shall receive an

amount of P1400.00 per month, for 5 years as long as they comply with the

conditions of the program. Money shall be granted to the most responsible

person in the house, most of the time the mother, through Landbank cash cards,

in cases of rural areas without Landbank, rural banks will be utilized. Thus the

families will have their own bank account, which supposedly lifts their social

status. (Flores, 2012)

Because it is a “Conditional” Cash Transfer, certain conditions must be

met by the families, in order for them to continuously receive benefit. To avail of

the cash grants beneficiaries should comply with the following conditions:

1.) Pregnant women must avail pre- and post-natal care and be attended during

childbirth by a trained health professional;

2.) Parents must attend Family Development Sessions (FDS);

3.) 0-5 years old children must receive regular preventive health check-ups and

vaccines;

4.) 3-5 year old children must attend day care or pre-school classes at least 85%

of the time;

4
5.) 6-14 year old children must enroll in elementary or high school and must

attend at least 85% of the time;

6.) 6-14 year old children must receive de-worming pills twice a year. These are

the Set of Co-Responsibilities that is required by the DSWD to the beneficiaries.

As one of the trends in social welfare programs and services, the

researchers have come up with this research study. Furthermore, the

researchers want to identify and know the status of the 4Ps beneficiaries of

Barangay Upper Calarian regarding on their compliance to the requirements

(called conditionalities) set by the program specifically in the matters of education

and health.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The research undertaken is an attempt to know the status of the 4Ps

beneficiaries in Barangay Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City.

Specifically, the study aims to answer the following questions:

1) What is the socio-demographic and economic profile of the 4Ps

beneficiaries in Barangay Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City?

5
 2) What is the status of the 4Ps beneficiaries in Barangay Upper Calarian,

Zamboanga City on their compliance to the conditionalities set by the

program in terms of:

a. Health

b. Education

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this study are confined in the following:

1) To be able to identify the socio-demographic and economic profile of

the 4Ps beneficiaries of Barangay Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City.

2) To be able to know the status of the 4Ps beneficiaries in their

compliance to the conditionalities set by the program as to the aspect of health

and education.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Because 4Ps is one of the on-going trends of today’s modern society for

reduction of poverty, the researchers have chosen to study the status of the 4Ps

beneficiaries in the Barangay Upper Calarian in terms of their compliance with

the conditionalities in education and health and the findings of the study will be

benefited by the following:

6
First, the result of the study could be useful for the agency of Department of

Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) for the betterment or improvement of

the administrating, monitoring and implementing techniques for the programs and

services of 4Ps.

Second, through this study, the Barangay of Upper Calarian would be updated of

the socio-demographic profile of the 4Ps beneficiaries and would have

knowledge on the status of the beneficiaries on the aspect of education and

health.

Third, the findings of the study would be a great help to social workers because

it would give them more knowledge of the present condition of the 4Ps

beneficiaries to which they could develop or improve more their strategies on

implementing and monitoring the programs and services.

Fourth, this research could be of help to students in having a deeper

understanding of the present condition of 4Ps beneficiaries on education and

health especially social work students who will be working in the community as

implementers and monitors of the programs and services.

Fifth, the study could be helpful for the beneficiaries as stakeholders of this

program in terms of their compliance on the conditionalities.

Sixth, this study could be used and serve as a tool guide and basis for further

research of the researchers and other students in the future.

7
SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study was conducted for the purpose of identifying the socio-

demographic and economic profile and the status of the 4Ps beneficiaries in

Barangay Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City, more specifically in their compliance

to the conditionalities set by the program in the aspect of health and education.

8
 The study was covers the Barangay of Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City.

The respondents of the study were the 4Ps beneficiaries of Barangay

Upper Calarian. Of the total number of 4Ps beneficiaries summing up to 427 from

the barangay alone, 50 respondents were taken by the researchers through

purposive selection and quota sampling. The criteria for the selection of the

respondents are the following:

a. The respondents must be bonafide residents of Upper Calarian

b. Beneficiaries of the 4Ps as listed in the master list of the city link officer or

the social worker assigned in the barangay.

c. Household head or any family member 18 years old

d. Must be a 4 Ps beneficiary for at least one year

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Figure 1

9
 4Ps
RESPONDENTS
INDEPENDENT
VARIABLE Status of 4Ps
DEPENDENT
VARIABLE
beneficiaries Socio- beneficiaries as to their
of barangay demographic compliance to the
profile of 4Ps Conditionalities set by the
Upper benefiiciaries program as to the health
Calarian and education

The conceptual framework shows the relationship of the variables of the

study. The respondents are the 4Ps beneficiaries of barangay Upper Calarian

Then the socio-demographic profile of the 4Ps beneficiaries of Barangay Upper

Calarian as the independent variable. The researchers put the result of the status

of 4Ps beneficiaries as to their compliance and the conditionalities set by the

program as to the health and education. These variables become the basis of the

study on the status of the 4Ps beneficiaries of Barangay Upper Calarian.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following are terminologies used by the researchers in this study:

10
Compliance to the Conditionalities of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino

Program (4Ps) in terms of Health and Education

 refers to the conformity of the 4Ps beneficiaries to the requirements/

agreements specifically on health and education set by the program to be

able for the latter (4Ps beneficiaries) to continue to avail the cash

grants/financial assistance.

4Ps Beneficiaries

 refers to the recipients of the conditional cash assistance and services of

the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)

 is a conditional cash transfer program that provides incentives for poor

families to invest in their future by ensuring that mothers and children avail

of healthcare and that children go to school. As such, it is a human

development program that invests in the health and education of children.

At the same time, the cash grants alleviate current poverty by providing

immediate relief from cash flow problems. Such extra cash received on a

bimonthly basis is especially important for poor households that have

irregular or seasonal income.

Status Of 4Ps Beneficiaries

11
 refers to the present condition of the recipients of the programs and

services of the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) which is under

the DSWD in terms of their compliance to the conditionalities of the

program on the aspect of health and education .

CHAPTER II

12
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

A. RELATED LITERATURE

One of the predominant challenges that the poor nations are facing now is

the reduction of the unremitting poverty. For this, many organizations, institutions,

private or public, government or non-government have tried to decrease and

lessen poverty through programs and services.

In the Philippine setting by estimates, about 45 percent of Filipinos are

vulnerable to falling into poverty if confronted by shocks such as health problems

and deaths, loss of employment, natural disasters and increasing food prices.

Since poverty reduction has been the battle cry of most of previous

administrations, the Philippines is never short of poverty alleviation efforts, which

include social protection and safety net programs. However, it was found out that

the Philippines has been ineffective in preventing poverty increases during

recessions or calamities primarily due to inadequate targeting, uncoordinated

and fragmented provision of social protection services, and unsound policies.

(Ambat, 2011)

The barely year‐old Aquino administration is optimistic that the healthy

economic growth will be sustained in the medium term. However, it has to be

noted that while the economy has been registering growth year after year since

2001, the acceleration has been described as erratic and lackluster compared to

other countries in the region. Moreover, the growth, being narrow, hollow and

shallow, hardly made an impact to poverty reduction in recent years, as reflected

13
in the country’s progress reports on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

and various perception surveys (Balisacan, 2010; Habito, 2010; Aldaba, 2005;

World Bank, 2009). In fact, the latest poverty statistics showed that the number of

poor Filipinos further increased by almost 970,000, from 22.2 million in 2006 to

23.1 million in 2009. (Ambat, 2011)

(who)Aquino have develop a social strategy for poverty reduction which is

the PantawidPamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) that focuses on human capital

investment in the poorest of the poor households in the country. It is a

developmental program that uses conditional cash transfers (CCTs) to extremely

poor households to improve their health, nutrition and education particularly of

children aged 0-14. The program is currently being implemented by the

Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) through the National

Sector Support on Social Welfare and Development Reform Project (NSS-

SWDRP). It has two objectives. One is the Social Assistance which aims to

provide cash assistance to the poor to alleviate their immediate need (short term

poverty alleviation); and the Social Development which aims to break the

intergenerational poverty cycle through investments in human capital. (Porio,

2012)

4Ps helps fulfill the country’s commitment to meet the Millennium

Development Goals, namely: 1.) Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger; 2.)

Achieve Universal Primary Education; 3.) Promote Gender Equality; 4.) Reduce

Child Mortality; 5.) Improve Maternal Health. The poorest households in the

municipalities are selected through the National Household Targeting System for

14
Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) implemented by the DSWD using the Proxy

Means Test. This test determines the socio-economic category of the families by

looking at certain proxy variables such as ownership of assets, type of housing,

education of the household head, livelihood of the family and access to water

and sanitation facilities. The DSWD set requirements in searching for Eligible

Households : 1.) Households who are classified as poor based on the NHTS-PR

at the time of assessment; 2.) Households that have children 0-14 years old

and/or have a pregnant woman at the time of assessment; 3.) Households that

agree to meet conditions specified in the program.(DSWD, 2012)

To avail cash grants, beneficiaries should comply with the following

conditions: 1.Pregnant women must get pre and post natal care, and be attended

by a skilled/ trained professional during a child birth. 2. Parents or guardians

must attend responsible family development sessions. 3. Children 0-5 years old

must receive regular preventive health check-ups and vaccines. 4. Children 3-5

years old must attend day care or pre-school classes at least 85% of the time. 5.

Children 6-14 years old must enroll in elementary or high school and attend at

least 85% of the time. 6. Children 6-14 years old must avail of deworming pills

every five months. (Escalante, 2011)

The Aquino administration on its first year scaled up the Pantawid

Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) of the previous administration by expanding

household coverage by 1.3 million and doubling the program’s budget. The 4Ps

under the 2011 National Budget has four components: Supplemental Feeding

15
Program; Food for Work Program for internally displaced persons; Rice Subsidy

Program; and Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Program. The CCT program gets

the bulk of the 4Ps budget. The said program is seen as a social protection

instrument and a tool to empower people to rise above poverty by increasing

household income and improving human capital, among others. (Ambat, 2011)

The Program Coverage of Pantawid Pamilya operates in 79 provinces

covering 1,261 municipalities and 138 key cities in all 17 regions nationwide. The

program has 3,014,586 registered households as of 27 June 2012. The Program

Package of Pantawid Pamilya provides cash grants to the beneficiaries to

wit:P6,000 a year or P500 per month per household for health and nutrition

expenses; andP3,000 for one school year or 10 months or P300/month per child

for educational expenses. A maximum of three children per household is allowed.

A household with three qualified children receives a subsidy of P1, 400/month

during the school year or P15, 000 annually as long as they comply with the

conditionalities. The cash grants shall be received by the most responsible

person in the household, usually the mother, through a Land Bank cash card.

(DSWD, 2012)

(who)We believe that the 4Ps is an important relief measure. The

usefulness of such a measure needs to be underscored in light of the fact that

many poor Filipinos are desperate to survive these trying times. Social Watch-

Philippines has recently conducted a preliminary study and survey of 4Ps

beneficiaries and has found out that for many beneficiaries, this is the first time

16
that they have experienced direct support from government on a relatively

sustained basis and are therefore grateful for the support. Furthermore,

investments in education and health improve the chances of children for upward

social and economic mobility.

B. RELATED STUDIES

In the aspect of health, undernutrition is a serious and pervasive problem,

with long-term consequences for child development, and ultimately for adult

productivity and national economic growth. Despite the existence of practical and

inexpensive nutrition interventions that have proven effective in diverse country

contexts (Allen and Gillespie 2001; World Bank 2006a; Bhutta et al. 2008 and

others), roughly 30 percent of children in the developing world remain

malnourished, and progress in alleviating undernutrition, although impressive in

some countries, continues to be slow overall (UNICEF 2006; World Bank 2006a).

Indeed, only 24 percent of developing countries (34 of 143) are on track to meet

the first Millennium Development Goal (MDG1) of halving the proportion of

people suffering from hunger from 1990 to 2015 (World Bank 2006a). Additional

advocacy and service delivery channels, as well as linkages between nutrition

interventions and social protection initiatives may prove critical to achieving this

goal. Cash transfer programs, both unconditional and conditional, have become

increasingly popular and appear to be a promising vehicle for improving nutrition.

There are two ways of thinking about why improving nutrition is a sensible and

feasible objective for CCT programs. First, CCTs and nutrition interventions share

17
common overarching development objectives: to reduce poverty and improve the

welfare of the poorest, most marginalized members of society. The primary

objectives of CCTs are to reduce poverty and to generate long-term wellbeing

through investments in child human capital; nutrition interventions also promote

long-term wellbeing, particularly children’s cognitive, physical, and economic

potential, via improved growth and development. Improved nutritional status can

strengthen the complementary interactions that CCTs promote among human

capital investments in education and health. Second, operationally, the very

structure of CCT programs provides some natural entry points for improving

nutrition. CCTs target poor children, who are often most at risk of experiencing

undernutrition. The experience of poverty and malnutrition at this time in the

lifecycle can have cumulative, long-term consequences. (Baset, 2008)

The government’s poverty reduction scheme Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino

Program (4Ps) has improved the lives of its beneficiaries, particularly in terms of

healthcare, education, and livelihood, according to studies conducted by the

Ateneo De Manila University (ADMU) and the Social Weather Stations (SWS).

Social Welfare and Development Secretary Corazon Soliman said the SWS

study in particular showed that there were improvements in school attendance,

use of health services, immunization coverage, child nutrition, and knowledge of

maternal health services. The 4Ps provides cash grants to government-identified

poor households on the condition that lactating or pregnant mothers and young

children avail themselves of preventive healthcare and that school-aged children

regularly attend school.“Meanwhile, compliance with attendance among school-

18
age beneficiaries is also high at 88 percent, meaning that out of approximately 5

million children registered in the program, 88 percent are able to attend classes

85 percent of the time following an every two-month cycle,” Solimansaid. The

DSWD chief also cited that impact studies of the Ateneo and SWS revealed more

students and parents attend extra-curricular activities, while students come to

school with better clothing, project materials, and food, making them more active

in classrooms.

The Ateneo study observed general improvements in school attendance

and use of health services. The study also noted that the 4Ps has played a major

role in the reduction of child labor, especially in rural areas “because poor

parents are now able to send their children to school,” she said. At present, some

2.2 million Filipino families are registered under the 4Ps.DSWD has released a

total of at least P4 billion worth of cash grants from January to May this year.

Soliman noted that DSWD is already on its mid-level target of reaching the 4.6

million poor households identified by the National Statistical Coordination Board

(NSCB) by the end of 2013. “In the short term, the cash grants allow poor

households to respond to economic shocks and provide for their daily needs, and

even to make small investments that can improve their quality of life,” Soliman

said. “In the long-term, because the program requires beneficiaries to keep

children in school and to undertake preventive health check-ups and

vaccinations, children of poor households can have better chances of lifting

themselves out of poverty,”( De Vera, 2011)

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 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses research design, locale of the study, population

and sampling, research instrument, data gathering procedure and data analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN

This study employed the descriptive method of research design through

interview guide formulated by the researchers to be able to identify the status of

the 4Ps beneficiaries in Barangay Upper Calarian in terms of compliance to the

conditionalities on health and education.

RESEARCH LOCALE

The researchers have chosen the Barangay of Upper Calarian for study

on the status of the 4Ps beneficiaries in terms of the compliance with the

conditionalities given on health and education for having been considered as one

of the poorest barangay in Zamboanga City and for its accessibility. The

Barangay is located in the west coast of Zamboanga City and is about 5-7

kilometers from the City Hall. It has a land area of 700 hectares. As of 2002, the

barangay has a total population of 19, 498 based on the actual survey conducted

by the Barangay Health Center in Upper Calarian. The 4Ps started in the

Barangay of Upper Calarian last January 27, 2011 with an initial of 306 4Ps

beneficiaries. As of this year (2012), there are 427 household beneficiaries of the

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program.

20
POPULATION AND SAMPLING PROCEDURE

The study made use of purposive sampling in which the 4Ps beneficiaries

of Barangay Upper Calarian, Zambaonga City were taken as respondents. As of

the current population (2012), there are a total of 427 4Ps beneficiaries in the

barangay, a quota of 50 respondents were taken for the study through purposive

selection. The criteria for the selection of the respondents are the following:

a. The respondents must be bonafide residents of Upper Calarian

b. Beneficiaries of the 4Ps as listed in the master list of the city link officer or the

social worker assigned in the barangay.

c. Household head or any family member 18 years and above are qualified to be

respondents of the study.

d. Must be a 4Ps beneficiary for at least one year

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The instrument that was used for the study is an interview guide. The

entire research instrument was composed of four (4) parts. The first part was the

socio-demographic and economic profiles which determined the 4Ps

beneficiaries’ demography. Second, was the compliance of conditionalities in

terms of health and education. Third, was for the key informants’ socio-

demographic profile. Fourth, was the key informants’ verification on the

respondents’ compliance with the set conditionalities.

21
TRIANGULATION ON THE DATA GATHERED

The data given by the respondents were verified to the key informants

who are teachers and health professional (nurse) to validate the truthfulness of

these data. Based on the data given by the respondents, the researchers

formulated interview schedule for the key informants to review and comment on

the data gathered.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

Data gathering started through coordinating and courtesy call to the

barangay officials of Barangay Upper Calarian for the approval to gather data

from the respondents. The data was personally administered by the researchers

through personal interview with the 4Ps beneficiaries.

DATA ANALYSIS

The data gathered were analyzed and presented in tabular form using

frequency and percentage distribution. For multiple responses ranking were

used. Analysis and interpretation of data were measured qualitatively and

quantitatively. Thus, data were arranged in accordance with the statement of the

problem as well as, described in narrative form.

22
 CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of data gathered

based on the research problems. The presentation of data is orderly arranged

according to the statement of the problems in an attempt to answer them

congruently.

Part I.

Table I Distribution of Frequency On the Socio-demographic and Economic

Profile of the 4Ps Beneficiaries

Characteristics F (N=50) Percentage %

Age
Adulthood (25-64) 49 98%
Young Adulthood (20-24) 1 2%
Sex
Female 49 98%
Male 1 2%
Years of membership
One year and nine months 50 100%
Ethnicity`
Non-Zamboangueño 38 76%
Zamboangueño 12 24%
Years of Residence
51-60 0 0%
41-50 8 16%
31-40 18 36%
21-30 3 6%
11-20 15 30%
1-10 7 14%
Occupation of the Respondent
Housewives 36 72%
Laundrywoman 7 14%
Small Scale Businesswoman 3 6%
Government employee 2 4%
Home Service Manicurist 1 2%

23
 Sales Agent 1 2%
Monthly Income
Minimum wage (P267/day or 0 0%
P8010/monthly)
Below minimum wage 14 28%
No income 36 72%
No. of Dependents
1 3 6%
2 10 20%
3 26 52%
4 8 16%
5 3 6%

Table 1 shows the distribution of frequency on the socio-demographic and

economic profile of the respondents. The total number of respondents is

summarized up to fifty (50).

In terms of age, forty-nine (49) or ninety-eight percent (98%) of the total

respondents are in adulthood and only one (1) or two percent (2%) is young

adulthood.

The data shows that majority of the respondents are in the stage of

adulthood while only few in young adulthood.

This further implies that most of the respondents have reach some point of

maturity and more likely to have strong foundation on family management.

In terms of the sex of respondents, there are forty-nine (49) or ninety-eight

percent (98%) females, on the other hand, there is one(1) or two percent (2%)

male.

24
 The data implies that majority of the respondents are female, with only two

percent (2%) or one (1) male. This is in recognition that most women stay at

home attending the children while the household heads are out for work.

According to years of membership, fifty (50) or a hundred percent (100%)

of the total number of the respondents are members of the program for a year (1)

and nine (9) months.

The data implies that all of the respondents are members of the program

for more than a year already, and are coming from the first batch of 4Ps

beneficiaries in Zamboanga City. This further implies that it is now possible to

assess the status of the beneficiaries.

In terms of their ethnicity, there are thirty-eight ( 38) or seventy-six percent

(76%) belonging to Non-Zamboangueño and twelve ( 12) or twenty-four percent

(24%) belonging to Zamboangueño.

This data implies that majority of the respondents are Non-Zamboangueño

which implies that the programs and services of 4Ps is for all regardless of their

ethnicity.

In terms of years of residence of the respondents in the Barangay of

Upper Calarian, eighteen (18) or thirty-six percent (36%) are thirty-one to forty

years (31-40), fifteen (15) or thirty percent (30%) are eleven to twenty (11-20)

years, eight (8) or sixteen percent (16%) are forty-one to fifty years (41-50),

seven (7) or fourteen percent (14%) are one to ten years (1-10), three (3) or six

percent (6%) are twenty-one to thirty years (21-30).

25
 The data shows that majority of the respondents’ years of residence in the

barangay is thirty-one to forty years (31-40). This further implies that majority of

the respondents are residents of the barangay for long years already, and that

they are not transient residents.

In terms of occupation, out of fifty (50) respondents, thirty-six (36) or

seventy-two percent (72%) do not have occupation, three (3) or six percent (6%)

are small-scale businesswomen, two (2) or four percent (4%) are government

employees, one (1) or two percent (2%) is a home service manicurist, and lastly

one (1) or two percent (2%) is a sales agent

As can be seen in the data, majority of the respondents do not have

occupation as they are plainly housewives which indicates that most of them are

just staying at home, and are dependent on their husbands salary for their daily

living.

Out of fifty (50) respondents there are thirty-six (36) or seventy-two

percent (72%) of the respondents who do not have monthly incomes, fourteen

(14) or twenty-eight percent (28%) of the respondents belong to below minimum

wage and zero percent of the respondents belong to having minimum wage.

The data implies that majority of the respondents do not have income as

they are only working plainly as housewives, and so they are heavily dependent

on their husband even for personal needs. The cash assistance provided by the

program serves as augmentation of the family needs to which they are

dependent with.

26
 In terms of number of respondents’ dependents, twenty-six (26) or fifty-two

percent (52%) have three dependents, ten (10) or twenty percent (20%) have two

dependents, eight (8) or sixteen percent (16%) have four dependents, three (3)

or six percent (6%) of the respondents have one dependent, and three (3) or six

percent (6%) of the respondents have five dependents.

Majority of the respondents have three dependents enrolled in the

program. However, there are respondents who have four to five

children/dependents enrolled in the program. According to them, the excess

children enrolled (only maximum of three children for education) belong to health

assistance.

27
Table 2 Distribution Of Frequency On The Socio-Demographic Profile Of The Key
Informants

Characteristics Frequency (N=5) Percentage (%)

Sex
Female 3 60%
Male 2 40%
Profession
Nurse 1 20%
Teacher 4 80%
Position
Grade II teacher 1 20%
Health worker 1 20%
Kindergarten II teacher 1 20%
High School Principal 1 20%
High School Registrar 1 20%
Workplace/Institution
Brgy.Upper Calarian Health 1 20%
Center
Southcom National High School 2 40%
Southern Support Command 2 40%
Elementary School

Table 2 shows the distribution of frequency on the socio-demographic

profile of the key informants. The total number of key informants is summarized

up to five (5). In terms of sex, there are three (3) or sixty percent (60%) are

females and two (2) or forty percent (40%) are male.

The data implies that majority of the key informants are female. This is in

recognition that the teaching and nursing are gender-based professions to

consider.

According to profession, out of five (5) key informants four (4) or eighty

percent (80%) are teachers, and one (1) or twenty percent (20%) is a nurse.

28
 The data shows that majority of the key informants are teachers which

implies that most of the key informants are in education. Further, it implies that

the key informants have different professions for the verification of the

respondents’ data.

In terms of position, there is one (1) or twenty percent (20%) grade II

teacher, one (1) or twenty percent (20%) health worker, one (1) or twenty percent

(20%) kindergarten II teacher, one (1) or twenty percent (20%) High school

principal, and one (1) or twenty percent (20%) high school registrar.

This data shows that majority of the key informants are occupying

academe-related positions like teachers, principal and school registrar.

In terms of workplace/institution where the key informants are employed,

two (2) or forty percent (40%) are from Southcom National High School, two (2)

or forty percent (40%) are from Southern Support Command Elementary School,

and one (1) or twenty percent (20%) is from Barangay Upper Calarian Health

Center.

This data implies that all of the workplace/institution where the key

informants are employed is just within the proximity of the barangay.

29
Part II. COMPLIANCE TO THE CONDITIONALITIES BY THE RESPONDENTS

A. Health

Table 3 Distribution of Responses according to having a pregnant member of the

family

Responses Frequency (N=50) Percentage (100%)

Yes 1 2%
No 49 98%

Table 3 shows the distribution of respondents according to having

pregnant member in the family. The data shows that one (1) or two percent (2%)

said YES and forty nine (49) or ninety eight percent (98%) said NO.

The data implies that majority of the respondents do not have pregnant

women in the family. On the other hand, there is only one (1) respondent who

has pregnant women in the family.

Table 4 Distribution of Responses according to childbirth attended by health

professional

Responses Frequency (N=50) Percentage (100%)

Yes 3 6
No 9 18
Did not undergo 38 76
childbirth

Table 4 shows the distribution of responses according to respondents’

delivery of childbirth after joining the program if attended by health professional.

The data shows that there are three (3) or six percent (6%) said YES, nine (9) or

eighteen percent (18%) said NO and thirty eight (38) or seventy six percent

(76%) did not undergo childbirth.

30
 The data further implies that majority of the respondents did not deliver

childbirth after joining the program. Thus, they are not applicable.

Reasons of those deliveries of childbirth that were not attended by the

health professionals are attributed mainly to the traditional Hilot which they find

more convenient. Others can be attributed to the absence of midwife or health

workers in the clinic.

Majority of those deliveries of childbirth that were attended by the health

workers were mainly attended by the doctors and midwife. Most of them

delivered in the hospital while few delivered in the clinics and health centers.

Table 5 Distribution Of Responses According To Immunization Of Respondents’

0-5 Years Old Children

Responses Frequency Percentage

Yes 16 32%
Do not have 0-5 years 34 68%
old children
Total 50 100%

Table 5 shows the distribution of responses according to immunization of

respondents’ 0-5 years old children. Of the fifty (50) respondents, the data shows

that there are thirty-four (34) or sixty-eight percent (68%) who do not have 0-5

years old children and sixteen (16) or thirty two percent (32%) who said YES that

they have 0-5 years old children.

The data implies that majority of the respondents do not have 0-5 years

old children for immunization.

31
 On the follow-up question, those respondents who have 0-5 years old

children, all of their 0-5 years old children have been immunized, and majority

are going once a month to health center for immunization. This further implies

that those children who are immunized are more likely to be healthy as they have

strong resistance and immunity to diseases.

Table 6 Distribution Of Responses According To Weight Monitoring Of The 0-5

Years Old Children Of The Respondents

Responses Frequency Percentage

Yes 16 32%
Do not have 0-5 years 34 68%
old children
Total 50 100%

Table 6 shows the distribution of the responses according to weight

monitoring of the 0-5 years old children of the respondents. The data shows that

out of the total fifty (50) respondents, there are thirty-four (34) or sixty-eight

percent (68%) who do not have 0-5 years old children and sixteen (16) or thirty-

two percent (32%) who said YES that they have 0-5 years old children.

The data implies that majority of the respondents do not have 0-5 years

old children for weight monitoring.

However, on the follow-up question those respondents who have 0-5

years old children, all of their 0-5 years old children have been weight monitored,

and majority of those undergo weight monitoring once a month. This has positive

effect on the children as their weights are being monitored for further diagnosis of

their nutrition.

32
Table 7 Distribution Of Responses According To Nutrition Counseling Of The 0-5
Years Old Children Of The Respondents

Responses Frequency (N=50) Percentage (100%)

Yes 15 30%
No 1 2%
Do not have 0-5 years old 34 68%
children
Total 50 100%

Table 7 shows the distribution of responses according to nutrition

counseling of the 0-5 years old children of the respondents. The data shows that

of the total fifty (50) respondents, there are thirty-four (34) or sixty-eight percent

(68%) who do not have 0-5 years old children, fifteen (15) or thirty percent (30%)

who said YES, and one (1) or two percent (2%) said NO.

It indicates that majority of the respondents do not have 0-5 years old

children for nutrition counseling.

On the follow-up question, those respondents who have 0-5 years old

children, majority of their 0-5 years old children have undergone nutrition

counseling, and few have not undergone nutrition counseling.

Those respondents who have 0-5 years old children, majority of their 0-5

years old children said that they undergo nutrition counseling every month, while

few others do as often as twice a month, and the rest once a year. This means

that these children are more likely to be healthy because they have regular

nutrition counseling and are guided on what foods to eat.

33
 The reason of the respondents whose 0-5 years old children did not

undergo nutritional counseling is that they are not aware of it. This means they

are not able to meet with the conditionality of nutrition counseling.

Table 8 Distribution Of Responses According To Health Check-Ups Of The 0-5

Years Old Children Of The Respondents

Responses Frequency Percentage

Yes 16 32%
Do not have 0-5 years 34 68%
old children
Total 50 100%

Table 8 shows the distribution of responses according to health check-ups

of the 0-5 years old children of the respondents. The data shows that out of the

total fifty (50) respondents, thirty-four (34) or sixty-eight percent (68%) do not

have 0-5 years old children and there are sixteen (16) or thirty-two percent (32%)

who said YES.

The data implies that majority of the respondents do not have 0-5 years

old children.

On the follow-up question, those respondents who have 0-5 years old

children, all of their 0-5 years old children undergo health check-ups and majority

of those are undergoing health check-ups once a month. This means that they

are complying with the conditionality of health check-up once a month and so

their children are more likely to be healthy as their health are regularly monitored.

34
Table 9 Distribution Of Responses According To The Availment Of Deworming
Pills Of 6-14 Years Old Children Of The Respondents

Responses Frequency Percentage

Yes 45 90%
No 5 10%
Total 50 100%

Table 9 shows the distribution of responses according to the availment of

Deworming Pills of 6-14 years old children of the respondents. The data shows

that there are forty-five (45) or ninety percent (90%) who said YES and five (5) or

ten percent (10%) who said NO.

The data implies that majority of the respondents’ 6-14 years old children

avail deworming pills. Few of the respondents do not avail de-worming.

On the follow-up question, majority of the respondents’ 6-14 years old

children are able to avail deworming pills twice a year, and are availing it at

school while others at clinic and health centers. This means that their 6-14 years

old children are complying with this conditionality, and more likely to be healthy.

Most reason of those who are not able to avail deworming pills is because

they have no knowledge on this conditionality, and so they are not able to meet

this conditionality.

35
B. EDUCATION

Table 10 Distribution of Responses According to No. Of Dependents Enrolled in

Education

Number/s of children Frequency Percentage

1 4 8%
2 9 18%
3 37 74%
Total 50 100%

Table 10 shows the distribution of responses on the respondents’ number

of children/dependents included for educational assistance. It shows that there

are thirty-seven (37) or seventy-four percent (74%) who have three children

included for education, nine (9) or eighteen percent (18%) who have two children

included for education, and four (4) or eight percent (8%) who have one child

included for education. Overall there are one hundred and thirty-three (133) total

numbers of children from the fifty (50) respondents.

The data implies that majority of the respondents have three children

included for educational assistance. Some have two children included, and few

others have one child included.

This further implies that majority of the respondents are able to enroll

three (3) children in the program in which it is the maximum number of

dependents/children allowed for educational assistance. This also indicates that

most of the respondents are enjoying maximum services and assistance from the

program for education.

36
Table 11 Distribution Of Responses According To The Levels Of Education Of
The Respondents’ Children/Dependents For Education

Responses Frequency (N=136) Ranking

I. Pre-school
k-2 8 7
k-1 4 9.5
Day care 1 12.5
SPED 1 1 12.5
II. Elementary
Grade 2 32 1
Grade 1 23 2
Grade 4 18 3
Grade 5 12 4
Grade 3 11 5.5
Grade 6 11 5.5
III. High School
H.S 1 6 8
H.S 2 4 9.5
H.S 3 2 11
*Multiple Responses

Table 11 shows the distribution of responses according to the levels of

education of the respondents’ children/dependents for education. Based on the

data, of the one hundred and thirty-three (133) total numbers of

children/dependents for education, the most numbered is grade two (2) having a

frequency of thirty two (32). Grade one (1) ranked second having a frequency of

twenty-three (23). Grade four (4) ranked three (3) having a frequency of eighteen

(18). Next is grade five (5) which ranked four (4) with a frequency of twelve (12).

Grades three (3) and six (6) tied in number and both ranked five point five (5.5).

Kinder two (2) ranked six (6) having a frequency of eight (8). Next is first year

high school with frequency of six (6) ranking seven (7). Followed by kinder one

(1) and second year high school which tied in number and both ranked eight

point five (8.5) and both having frequencies of four (4). Ranked nine (9) is the

37
third year high school with a frequency of two (2) and the least, a tie between day

care and SPED one (1) both with frequencies of one (1) which also ranked ten

point five (10.5).

In terms of schools, majority are in schools of Southern Support

Command Elementary School (for preschool and elementary), and Southcom

National High School (for high school)

It indicates that majority of the children enrolled in the program belong to

the elementary/primary levels specifically in grade two. Further implies that even

after their membership of the program will be faced out, their children still have

long way before finishing their studies, considering the K+12 program of

education.

Table 12 Distribution Of Responses According To The Enrolment Of

Respondents’ 3-5 Years Old Children To Day Care/Preschool

Responses Frequency Percentage

Yes 14 28%
Do not have 3-5 years 36 72%
old
Total 50 100%

Table 12 shows the distribution of responses according to the enrolment of

respondents’ 3-5 years old children to day care/preschool. The data shows that

out of the fifty (50) respondents, thirty six (36) or seventy two percent (72%) do

not have 3-5 years old children, and fourteen (14) or twenty eight percent (28%)

said YES.

38
 It indicates that majority of the respondents do not have 3-5 years old

children.

On the follow-up question, those respondents who have 3-5 years old

children, all of the 3-5 years old children of the respondents are able to enroll in

the day care/preschool.

The data further implies that all of the respondents who have 3-5 years old

children are able to comply with the conditionality of enrolling their 3-5 years old

children to day care/preschool.

Table 13 Distribution Of Responses According To The Percentage Of Class

Attendance Of The Respondents’ 3-5 Years Old Children

Attendance percentage Frequency Percentage

85% 6 12%
90% 5 10%
95% 3 6%
Do not have 3-5 years 36 72%
old children
Total 50 100%

Table 13 shows the distribution of responses according to the percentage

of class attendance of the respondents’ 3-5 years old children. Of the fourteen

(14) 3-5 years old children, thirty-four (34) or sixty-eight percent (68%) do not

have 3-5 years old, six (6) or twelve percent (12%) confirmed eighty-five percent

(85%) class attendance, five (5) or ten percent (10%) confirmed ninety percent

(90%) class attendance , and lastly three (3) or six percent (6%) confirmed

ninety-five percent (95%) class attendance.

39
 It indicates that majority of the respondents do not have 3-5 years old

children.

On the follow-up question, majority of those respondents who have 3-5

years old children enrolled in day care/preschool confirmed eighty-five (85%)

percent class attendance some confirmed ninety percent (90%) class

attendance, and the rest confirmed ninety-five (95%) class attendance.

Those respondents who have 3-5 years old children, their 3-5 years old

children enrolled in preschool/day care are able to achieve the requirement of at

least eighty-five percent (85%) class attendance, even exceeded to the

percentage requirement of class attendance.

Table 14 Distribution Of Responses According To The Enrolment Of The

Respondents’ 6-14 Years Old Children In Elementary Or High School

Responses Frequency Percentage

Yes 48 96%
No 2 4%
Total 50 100%

Table 14 shows the distribution of responses according to the enrolment of

the respondents’ 6-14 years old children in elementary or high school. The data

shows that out of fifty (50) respondents, forty-eight (48) or ninety six percent

(96%) said YES and two (2) or four percent (4%) said NO.

The data implies that majority of the respondents who have 6-14 years old

children are able to enroll their 6-14 years old children in elementary or high

school and few respondents who have 6-14 years old children are not able to

enroll in elementary or high school.

40
 It further implies that majority of the respondents comply the conditionality

of enrolling their 6-14 years old children to elementary or high school, majority of

the 6-14 years old children are in elementary level.

Most reasons of those respondents whose 6-14 years old children are not

enrolled in the elementary or high school is mainly attributed to children who

don’t want to go to school and are sickly.

Table 15 Distribution Of Responses According To The Percentage Of Class

Attendance Of The Respondents’ 6-14 Years Old Children

Responses Frequency Percentage

80% 4 8%
85% 25 50%
90% 14 28%
95% 5 10%
6-14 who do not go to 2 4%
school
Total 50 100%

Table 15 shows the distribution of responses according to the percentage

of class attendance of the respondents’ 6-14 years old children. The data shows

that of the total fifty (50) respondents, twenty-five (25) or fifty percent (50%)

confirmed eighty-five percent (85%) class attendance, fourteen (14) or twenty-

eight percent (28%) confirmed ninety percent (90%) class attendance, five (5) or

fourteen percent (14%) confirmed ninety-five percent (95%) class attendance,

four (4) or eight percent (8%) confirmed eighty percent (80%) class attendance,

and lastly, two (2) or four percent (4%) of the 6-14 years old children who do not

go to school.

41
 The data implies that majority of the respondents who have 6-14 years old

children confirmed eighty-five percent (85%) class attendance of their 6-14 years

old children. Some have confirmed ninety percent (90%) class attendance. Few

confirmed ninety-five percent (95%) class attendance. The least of the

respondents confirmed eighty percent (80%) class attendance.

It further implies that majority of the respondents who have 6-14 years old

children are able to meet the eighty-five percent (85%) class attendance. Few

respondents even have exceeded in the requirement, this is evident in their

confirmation of ninety percent (90%) and ninety-five percent (95%) class

attendance.

Most reasons of respondents whose 6-14 years old children failed to meet

the standard requirement of at least eighty-five percent (85%) is attributed to the

children having sickness such as fever, common colds and cough, and asthma

and those respondents whose 6-14 years old children are not enrolled in the

elementary or high school is mainly attributed to children who don’t want to go to

school and are sickly.

42
PAR T III- VERIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE TO THE CONDITIONALITIES

FOR HEALTH AND EDUCATION

A. Health

1. Pregnant Women

According to the nurse (health worker) who was the key informant for the

verification of the respondents’ data on health in Upper Calarian, there are thirty-

four (34) pregnant women who are 4Ps beneficiaries registered in the health

center as of this year. In terms of the nurse’s knowledge on the conditionalities

set by the program for the pregnant women who are 4Ps beneficiaries, he

enumerated regular pre-natal check-up, and attendance of FDS and meeting

every month. As stated by the nurse, all of the pregnant women complies and

were able to meet these conditionalities set by the program.

2. Childbirth/Delivery of Pregnant Women & Post-natal

According to the nurse (health worker) there are seventeen (17) 4Ps

beneficiaries which are pregnant women who gave birth in the health center and

were supervised by a professional Health worker as of this year. In terms of

conditionalities set by the program for the 4Ps beneficiaries who are pregnant

women that already gave birth, the nurse enumerated post partum consultation,

Iron supplementation and submission of the booklet for immunization of the baby.

As said by the nurse, all of the conditionalities are being complied by all of the

4Ps beneficiaries who are pregnant women who gave birth in the health center.

43
3. 0-5 YEARS OLD CHILDREN

According to the nurse, there were thirty to sixty (30-60) 0-5 years old children

(4Ps beneficiaries) who visited the health center as of the latest update in

October 2012. In terms of the conditionalities set by the program for 0-5 years

old, he enumerated weighing every two months, immunization of BCG, Penta

1/2/3 (hepatitis, DPT, OPP, homophileous vaccine), Measles, MMR, OPB,

Rotavirus 1 and 2, twice a year. As said by the nurse, all of these conditionalities

set by the program are being met by all of the 0-5 years old children who are 4Ps

beneficiaries.

4. 6-14 YEARS OLD CHILDREN

According to the nurse, there were sixty (60) 6-14 years old children who

are 4Ps beneficiaries who visited the health center. In terms of the

conditionalities set by the program, he enumerated vitamin E, supplement and

de-worming pills. As said by the nurse, all of these conditionalities are being met

by all of the respondents.

This further implies that the nurse is knowledgeable on the conditionalities

set by the program for pregnant women, childbirth and post-natal, and for 0-5

years old children. He strictly reinforces the policy of shading the names of those

who do not comply with the conditionalities in health, which means that the

implementation of the program in the health center is effective.

44
C Education

1. Pre-school (Kindergarten II)

According to the teacher in pre-school (kindergarten II), there were ten

(10) 3-5 years old children who are 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in kindergarten II

under her supervision. As to the conditionalities set by the program for 3-5 years

old children in education, she enumerated 85% class attendance as the only

conditionality. As said by the teacher, this conditionality is being met by all of the

3-5 years old children who are 4Ps beneficiaries.

This data implies that the teacher in preschool is knowledgeable on the

conditionalities set by the 3-5 years old children for education. She strictly

reinforces the policy of shading the names of those who do not comply with the

conditionalities.

2. Elementary (Grade II)

According to the teacher in grade II, there were sixty (60) 6-14 years old

4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in grade II. As to the conditionalities set by the

program for 6-14 years old in education, she enumerated monthly health check-

up, pre and post de-worming, 85% class attendance and passing grade. As said

by the teacher, all of these conditionalities are being complied by majority of the

6-14 years old children who are 4Ps beneficiaries.

This implies that the teacher in grade II is knowledgeable on the

conditionalities set by the program for 6-14 years old children in education,

45
including the de-worming. However, she included passing grade as part of the

conditionalities, which means that the 6-14 years old children in grade II who are

4Ps beneficiaries also need to have passing grade to be able to complete the

requirement (conditionality) in education.

3. High school (1st year)

As for the key informant of the high school department specifically on First

year high school, the principal of Southcom National High School referred us to

the school registrar for the school registrar was the one assigned in checking the

compliance with the conditionalities of the 4Ps beneficiaries’ 6-14 years old

dependents/children, because the teachers in high school do not know the

conditionalities of the program.

According to the school registrar there were eight (8) 6-14 years old

dependents/children of 4ps beneficiaries enrolled in first year high school. She

stated that the conditionalities set by the program for the 6-14 years old

dependents/children of 4ps beneficiaries based on her knowledge are: the

dependents must be enrolled in school and attends classes. There was no

response when she was asked on which of conditionalities set by the program

are met by the 6-14 years old children of 4ps beneficiaries enrolled in first year

high school and how many of them are complying with these conditionalities for

she has no copy or record of the conditionalities that are met by the 6-14 years

old dependents/children and how many of them are complying with it.
The data implies that the implementation of the program in Southcom

National High School is defective because only the registrar knew about some of

46
the conditionalities (not all), while the teachers, who are direct personnel for

monitoring the 6-14 years old children in high school, do not have knowledge on

the program and its set conditionalities for the 4Ps beneficiaries’ 6-14 years old

children.

CHAPTER V

47
 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and

recommendations drawn from the findings on the status of the 4Ps beneficiaries

of Barangay Upper Calarian regarding on their compliance to the conditionalities

set by the program specifically in the matters of education and health.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

1. Respondents are female, members of the program for more than a year,

and are coming from the first batch of 4Ps beneficiaries in Zamboanga City.

Respondents are Tausug, years of tenure in the barangay is eighteen to twenty-

two (18-22) years, they do not have occupation as they are plain housewives, do

not have income, and are heavily dependent on their husbands even for personal

needs.

2. Respondents do not have pregnant women in the family.

a. The respondent who is pregnant is complying with the conditionalities of pre-

natal, and did not deliver a child after joining the program. Those who delivered a

child after joining the program were not supervised by the health professionals.

Respondents do not have 0-5 years old children for immunization. However,

those respondents who have 0-5 years old children, all of their 0-5 years old

children have been immunized, and are going once a month to health center for

Respondents do not have 0-5 years old children for weight monitoring. However,

those respondents who have 0-5 years old children, all of their 0-5 years old

children have been weight monitored, and once a month. Respondents do not

48
have 0-5 years old children for nutrition counseling. Respondents, who have 0-5

children, have undergone health check-ups and undergoing health check-ups

once a month. Respondents’ 6-14 years old children are able to avail deworming

pills avail twice a year, and are availing it at school while others at clinic and

health centers.

b. Respondents are able to enroll three (3) children in the program in which it is

the maximum number of dependents/children allowed for educational assistance.

Children enrolled in the program belong to the elementary/primary levels

specifically in grade two. All of the respondents who have 3-5 children are able to

comply with the conditionality of enrolling their 3-5 children to day care/preschool.

Respondents who have 6-14 years old children are able to meet the eighty-five

percent (85%) class attendance.

3. Key informants are female, and are teachers and occupying academe-

related positions like teachers, principal and school registrar. All of the

workplace/institution where the key informants are employed is just within the

proximity of the barangay. The nurse (key informant for health) is knowledgeable

on the conditionalities set by the program for pregnant women, childbirth and

post-natal, and for 0-5 years old children. . As said by the nurse, all of these

conditionalities are being met by all of the respondents. He strictly reinforces the

policy of shading the names of those who do not comply with the conditionalities

in health. The teacher in preschool is knowledgeable on the conditionalities set

by the 3-5 years old for education. As said by the teacher, this conditionality is

being met by all of the 3-5 years old children who are 4Ps beneficiaries. The

49
teacher in grade II is knowledgeable on the conditionalities set by the program for

6-14 years old in education, including the de-worming. As said by the teacher, all

of these conditionalities are being complied by majority of the 6-14 years old

children who are 4Ps beneficiaries. However, she included passing grade as

part of the conditionalities, which means that the 6-14 years old in grade II who

are 4Ps beneficiaries also need to have passing grade to be able to complete the

requirement (condititionality) in education. According to the school registrar there

are eight (8) 6-14 years old dependents/children of 4ps beneficiaries enrolled in

first year high school. She stated that the conditionalities set by the program for

the 6-14 years old dependents/children of 4ps beneficiaries based on her

knowledge are: the dependents must be enrolled in school and attends classes.

CONCLUSIONS

From the stated findings, the following conclusions are drawn:

1. Respondents are female, belong to the age bracket of 36-39, all of them

are members of the program for one year and nine months. Tausug in ethnicity

and living in the area for 18-22 years, they are plain housewives and have no

income.

2. The respondent who is a pregnant woman is complying with the

conditionalities of pre-natal and is going to health center once and twice a month.

Those respondents who have 0-5 years old are complying the conditionality of

immunization, health check-up, weight monitoring and nutrition counseling for

50
health. Of those respondents who have 6-14 years old children, majority of their

6-14 years old children are able to avail de-worming pills twice a year. In terms of

education, respondents are able to enroll three children/dependents in the

program in elementary level. Those who have 3-5 years old children are able to

enroll in day care/preschool and confirmed 85% class attendance of their 3-5

years old children to day care/preschool. Respondents are able to enroll their 6-

14 years old children to elementary/high school and confirmed 85% class

attendance of their 6-14 years old children to elementary/high school.

3. Key informants are female and are teachers, are occupying academe-

related positions and that all of their workplace/institutions are just within the

proximity of Barangay Upper Calarian. The nurse (key informant for health) is

knowledgeable on the conditionalities set by the program for pregnant women,

childbirth and post-natal, and for 0-5 years old children. He strictly reinforces the

policy of shading the names of those who do not comply with the conditionalities

in health, which means that the implementation of the program in the health

center is effective. The teacher of Southern Support Command Elementary

School in preschool specifically in kindergarten II is knowledgeable on the

conditionalities set by the 3-5 years old for education. She strictly reinforces the

policy of shading the names of those who do not comply with the conditionalities.
The teacher of Southern Support Command Elementary School in grade II

is also knowledgeable on the conditionalities set by the program for 6-14 years

old in education, including the de-worming. However, she included passing grade

as part of the conditionalities, which means that the 6-14 years old in grade II

who are 4Ps beneficiaries also need to have passing grade to be able to

51
complete the requirement (condititionality) in education. As for the key informant

of the high school department specifically on First year high school, the principal

of Southcom National High School referred us to the school registrar for the

school registrar was the one assigned in checking the compliance with the

conditionalities of the 4Ps beneficiaries’ 6-14 years old dependents/children,

because the teachers in high school do not know the conditionalities of the

program.
The school registrar stated that the conditionalities set by the program for

the 6-14 years old dependents/children of 4Ps beneficiaries based on her

knowledge are: the dependents must be enrolled in school and attends classes.

There was no response when asked on which of conditionalities set by the

program are met by the 6-14 years old children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in

first year high school and how many of them are complying with these

conditionalities for she has no copy or record of the conditionalities that are met

by the 6-14 years old dependents/children and how many of them are complying

with it. The implementation of the program in Southcom National High School is

defective because only the registrar knew about some of the conditionalities (not

all), while the teachers, who are direct personnel for monitoring the 6-14 years

old children in high school, don’t have knowledge on the program and its set

conditionalities for the 4Ps beneficiaries’ 6-14 years old children.

52
RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on the summary of findings and conclusions, the researchers

have come up with the following recommendations:

1. The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) must

include conducting skills training and income generating projects in the programs

and initiatives of 4Ps for livelihood and empowerment of those women specially

those who are plain housewives and are heavily dependent on their husbands’

53
salary for their daily living. The Department of Social Welfare and Development

(DSWD) should see to it that the teachers aside from the 4Ps coordinators in

education of each school, specifically those teachers who handles 4Ps

beneficiaries’ 3-14 years old dependents/children are oriented and

knowledgeable regarding on the conditionalities in education set by the program

for the 3-14 years old dependents/children in order for the teachers to be guided

and be an efficient personnel who could directly monitor the compliance on the

conditionalities of the 3-14 years old dependents/children enrolled in the

program.

2. The schools where 4Ps beneficiaries’ 3-14 years old dependents/children

are enrolled should also keep the records of the 3-14 years old

dependents/children enrolled in the program for the school to have a copy when

the records are needed.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A. Internet Source

Ambat, G.H. S., SEPO, Senate Economic Planning Office, March 2011, Policy
Brief-11-01, “Improving Inclusiveness of Growth through CCTs.” website,
http://www.senate.gov.ph/publications/PB%202011-01%20-%20Improving
%20inclusiveness%20of%20growth%20through%20CCTs.pdf, retrieved
July 25, 2012

Baset, Lucy, October 2008, Can Conditional Cash Transfer Programs Play a
Greater Role in Reducing Child Undernutrition?, website
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SOCIALPROTECTION/Resources/SP-
Discussion-papers/Safety-Nets-DP/0835.pdf, Retrieved July 25, 2012

54
DSWD 2012, PantawidPamilya Pilipino Program,
website,http://pantawid.dswd.gov.ph/index.php/about-us?showall=1,
retrieved September 16, 2012

Ericta Carmelita N.,April 4, 2012, the 2010 Census of Population and Housing
reveals the Philippine population at 92.34 million, National Statics Office,
http://www.census.gov.ph/content/2010-census-population-and-housing-
reveals-philippine-population-9234-million, retrieved October 28, 2012

Escalante, John Eric B., Wednesday 20 April 2011, 15:16,Department of Social

Welfare and Development - Cordillera Administrative Region, What is
4P’s?, website http://pantawidcordillera.wordpress.com/tag/john-eric-b-
escalante/, retrieved September 10, 2012

Fernandez, Luisa and Olfindo, Rosechin, March 2012, Building Governance and
Anti-Corruption in the Philippines’ Conditional Cash Transfer Program,
http://wwwwds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/
10/19/000333038_20111019231601/Rendered/PDF/602340BRI0REPL00
CCT00final0version0.pdf, retrieved September 10, 2012

Flores, MJ, 2012, A Utilitarian Examination to the Conditional Cash

Transfer/PantawidPamilyang Pilipino Program, website http://kuro-
kuro.org/archives/3318, retrieved July 25, 2012

Ibon Foundation, 25 October 2010, The development outcomes of the greatly

expanded CCT program are uncertain at best. Website,
http://ibon.org/includes/resources/CCTs_policy%20paper.pdf, retrieved
September 10, 2012

Porio, Emma, PhD, PantawidPamilyang Pilipino Program, 2012, Department of

Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), website
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPHILIPPINES/Resources/TheSocial
ImpactsofTropicalStormOndoya.,retrieved July 5, 2012

Silverio, Ina Alleco R., JUNE 19, 2012, P6 B hike in CCT 2013 budget linked to
upcoming elections – solon, website
http://bulatlat.com/main/2012/06/19/p6-b-hike-in-cct-2013-budget-linked-
to-upcoming-elections-solon/, retrieved September 10, 2012

Sonny Africa, September 15, 201,Urban poor group urges Aquino to pursue talks
with NDFP, address roots of poverty CCTs: Expensive, short-sighted
and artificial, website, http://bulatlat.com/main/2011/09/15/ccts-
expensive-short-sighted-and-artificial/, retrieved September 10, 2012

55
Social Watch Philippines, 2011, website
http://wloSuww.socialwatchphilippines .org/news_38_4Ps.htm, retrieved
July 25, 2012

Wiley, Jhon and Sons, 2002, website

http://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1997/ra_ 8425_1997.html,
retrieved August 27, 2012

56
 Western Mindanao State University
College of Social Work and Community Development
Zamboanga City

INTERVIEW SCHEDULE
(4Ps beneficiaries)

Date of interview: _____________

PART I- SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

57
Name (optional): Age: ______
Ethnicity:
Year/s of Tenure (area):
Occupation/s: ____________________ Income (per month):__________
Year/s of Membership (4Ps Program):

Number of children/dependents:

PART II- COMPLIANCE TO THE CONDITIONALITIES SET BY THE

PROGRAM
A. Health

1. Are there any pregnant woma/en in your family?

Yes No

2. Was the childbirth attended by skilled/trained health professionals?

Yes No

If not, why? __________________________________________

3. Do the children 0-5 years old avail the following:

 Complete immunization/vaccination?
Yes No
If yes, how often? __________________________

If not, why? ___________________________________________

 Weight monitoring?

Yes No
If yes, how often? __________________________
If not, why? ___________________________________________

 Preventive health check-ups?

Yes No
If yes, how often? __________________________

If not, why? ___________________________________________

4. Do the children 6-14 years old avail de-worming pills twice a year?

58
 Yes No
If not, why? ____________________________________________

B. Education

1. How many children are covered by 4Ps educational assistance?

______________________________

2. In what grades, please enumerate:

_______________________________________________

3. Are the children/dependents exclusive for 3-5 years old enrolled in

day care/pre-school?

Yes No

If not, why? ____________________________________________

4. What is the percentage of the class attendance of children 3-5

years old?

____________________________________________

5. Are the children/dependents exclusive for 6-14 years old enrolled in

Elementary and High school?
Yes No

If not, why? ____________________________________________

6. What is the percentage of the class attendance of children 6-14

years old?

____________________________________________

59
 _________________________________
Name and Signature of Household Head

_________________________________
Enumerator’s Name and Signature

Western Mindanao State University

College of Social Work and Community Development
Zamboanga City

INTERVIEW SCHEDULE
For Key Informant

Date of interview: _____________

PART I- SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

60
Name (optional):
Sex: __________________________________________________
Profession: ___________________________________________
Position: _____________________________________________
Workplace/Institution: __________________________________

PART II- COMPLIANCE TO THE CONDITIONALITIES SET BY THE

PROGRAM AS TO HEALTH AND EDUCATION

II-A. HEALTH
A. Pregnant Women

1. How many pregnant women who are 4Ps beneficiaries are registered in
your Health Center?
______________________________________________________________
2. What are the conditionalities set by the program for the pregnant women
who are 4Ps beneficiaries?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. Which of the conditionalities are met by the pregnant women who are 4Ps
beneficiaries?

4. How many pregnant women who are 4Ps beneficiaries meet/comply

thi/ese conditionalities?

B. Post-natal
1. How many pregnant women who are 4Ps beneficiaries gave birth in your
health center and were supervised by a professional Health Worker?

2. What are the conditionalities set by the program specifically for the 4Ps
beneficiaries which are pregnant women who gave birth?

61
3. Among the conditionalities set, which of these conditionalities are met by
the 4Ps beneficiaries which are pregnant women who gave birth?

4. How many 4Ps beneficiaries who are pregnant women who gave birth
meet/comply thi/ese conditionalities?

C. Children 0-5 yrs.old

1. How many children 0-5 yrs. Old of 4Ps beneficiaries visit the health
center?

2. What are the conditionalities set by the program specifically for the
children 0-5 yrs. Old of 4Ps beneficiaries?

3. Among the conditionalities set, which of these conditionalities are met by

the 0-5 yrs. Old children of 4Ps beneficiaries?

4. How many 0-5 yrs. Old children of 4Ps beneficiaries meet/comply thi/ese
conditionalities?
D. Children 6-14 yrs old
1. How many Children 6-14 yrs old of 4Ps beneficiaries visit the health
center?

2. What are the conditionalities set by the program specifically for Children 6-
14 yrs old of 4Ps beneficiaries?

62
 3. Among the conditionalities set, which of these conditionalities are met by
the Children 6-14 yrs old of 4Ps beneficiaries?

4. How many Children 6-14 yrs old of 4Ps beneficiaries meet/comply thi/ese
conditionalities?

II-B. EDUCATION

A. Pre-school (Kindergarten 2)
1. How many 3-5 years old children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled are in
kindergarten 2?

2. What are the conditionalities set by the program for the 3-5 years old
children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in kindergarten 2?

3. Which of the conditionalities are met by the 3-5 years old children of
4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in kindergarten 2?
4. How many 3-5 years old children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in
kindergarten 2 meet/comply thi/ese conditionalities?

B. Elementary (Grade 2)

1. How many 6-11 years old children of 4Ps beneficiaries are enrolled in
Grade 2?
___________________________________________________________
2. What are the conditionalities set by the program for the 6-11 years old
children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in Grade 2?

63
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

3. Which of the conditionalities are met by the 6-11 years old children of
4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in Grade 2?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

4. How many 6-11 years old children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in

Grade 2 meet/comply thi/ese conditionalities?

C. High school (1st year)

1. How 12-14 years old children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in 1 st
year High School?

2. What are the conditionalities set by the program for the 12-14 years
old children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in 1 st year High School?

________________________________________________________
3. Which of the conditionalities are met by the 12-14 years old
children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in 1 st year High School?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

4. How many 12-14 years old children of 4Ps beneficiaries enrolled in

1st year High School meet/comply thi/eseconditionalities?

64
 ________________________________
Name and Signature of Interviewee

_________________________________
Enumerator’s Name and Signature

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Social Work and Community Development
Zamboanga City

__________________

________________________________
________________________________
________________________________

Sir/Ma’am:

Greetings of peace!

65
We, the Social Work Students from the College of Social Work and Community
Development, Western Mindanao State University, Zamboanga City- are
presently having our research study entitled “STATUS OF PANTAWID
PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM (4Ps) BENEFICIARIES IN BARANGAY
UPPER CALARIAN, ZAMBOANGA CITY” as part of the course requirement.
We have chosen your barangay to be our research area for study and that will
cover the ninety (90) 4Ps beneficiaries of your barangay to be our respondents.

In line with this, we would like to ask permission from your good office to let us
conduct our research study in your barangay. Moreover, we will furnish a copy of
the results of our research study to your office.

Hoping for your kind approval and consideration.

Thank you and God bless.

Respectfully yours,

Grithzyl R. Degala

Jean Marizz B. Rendon

Ruby Thea T. Sison

Researchers

Noted by:

Mrs. Wylen L. Lipanglipang, RSW

Research Adviser

WESTERN MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Social Work and Community Development
Zamboanga City
__________________

________________________________
________________________________
________________________________

Sir/Ma’am:

Greetings of Peace!

66
We, the fourth year Social Work Students from the College of Social Work and
Community Development, Western Mindanao State University, are presently
conducting our survey in Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City, for our thesis as part of
the course requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Social Work. Our
thesis is entitled “STATUS OF PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM (4Ps)
BENEFICIARIES IN BARANGAY UPPER CALARIAN, ZAMBOANGA CITY”

Surely it is known that 4Ps beneficiaries have to comply with the conditionalities set
to continue to be recipient of the said program. To truly realize the essence of the
data relating to education given by the respondents which are beneficiaries of 4Ps,
we would like to verify these data by conducting a survey to the teacher/s of your
school. Since, the results of the study showed that majority of our respondents’
children which are 4Ps beneficiaries of barangay Upper Calarian in secondary/high
school level are enrolled here. Moreover, it showed that majority also are in the first
year high school level.

In line with this, we are seeking your permission to conduct our survey for key
informants which are your selected teacher/s in second year. For best intention, we
would like to request those teacher/s in first year who handles majority of the 4Ps
beneficiaries students to be our respondents.

We are looking forward for your positive response. God Bless and More Power!

Researchers,

Grithzyl R. Degala

Jean Marizz B. Rendon

Ruby Thea T. Sison

Noted by:

Wylen L. Lipanglipang, RSW, MSW

Research Adviser

CURRICULUM VITAE

I. Personal Background

Name : Grithzyl Roma Degala

Nickname : Mie-Mie
Address : Pag-asa, Bongao, Tawi-Tawi

67
Date of Birth : July 04, 1993
Place of Birth : Lupa-pula Mapun, Tawi-Tawi
Civil Status : Single
Sex : Female
Father : Cesar F. Degala
Mother : Josephine Roma Degala

II. Educational Background

Elementary : Bongao Central Elementary School

: Bongao, Tawi-Tawi, S.Y. 2005
Secondary : Notre Dame of Bongao High School
: Bongao, Tawi-Tawi, S.Y. 2009
Tertiary : Western Mindanao State University
: Zamboanga City, S.Y. 2013
Degree : Bachelor of Science in Social Work

CURRICULUM VITAE

I. Personal Background

Name : Ruby Thea Texon Sison

Nickname : Thea
Address : Purok 2a, Malagutay Zamboanga City

68
Date of Birth : July 02, 1993
Place of Birth : Zamboanga City
Civil Status : Single
Sex : Female
Father : Rodolfo L. Sison
Mother : Irene T. Sison

II. Educational Background

Elementary : Ebenezer School

: Zamboanga City, S.Y. 2005
Secondary : Ebenezer School
: Zamboanga City, S.Y. 2009
Tertiary : Western Mindanao State University
: Zamboanga City, S.Y. 2013
Degree : Bachelor of Science in Social Work

CURRICULUM VITAE

I. Personal Background

Name : Jean Marizz Besoña Rendon

Nickname : Jean-Jean
Address : 5th Street, Southcom, Zamboanga City

69
Date of Birth : February 25, 1993
Place of Birth : Zamboanga City
Civil Status : Single
Sex : Female
Father : Gemeniano Rendon
Mother : Teresita B. Rendon

II. Educational Background

Elementary : Southcom Elementary School

: Zamboanga City, S.Y. 2005
Secondary : Ebenezer School
: Zamboanga City, S.Y. 2009
Tertiary : Western Mindanao State University
: Zamboanga City, S.Y. 2013
Degree : Bachelor of Science in Social Work

70