PROBLEMS FOR PRACTICE

Evaluate J41+ y2 .2.y dy

Given, y = (ax+ b)2 , evaluatedcY
fr-

dy Evaluate: f (x 22x dx
+1)3/2
J
Given, y = sin 2x. Then find -.
dx
How rapidly will the fluid level inside a vertical cylindrical
dy
Given, y = ln (ax + b), then find - tank drop if we pump the fluid out at the rate of 3000 L/min?
dx
Take area of base of cylinder = A.
d3v
dy d 2 y and
y = x3 -4x2 + 5. Find - -.
dx' dx 2 dx 3

5. Find value off (ax + b) 312 dx.

dx dt - •
Find value of j.
(ax + b)
Find value of f sin 2x dx.
I t in terms
Given, c - L IL = iR, find the value of i at any time
dt clY= 300 Umin
i
clt
of constant e,L and R. At t = 0, i = 0.
Fig. 2.44
Plot the line -3x- 5y = 15.
A particle starts with some initial velocity with an 23. A hot air balloon rising straight up from a level field is
acceleration along the direction of motion. Draw a graph tracked by a range finder 500 ft from the lift-off point. At the
depicting the variation of velocity (v) along y-axis with the moment the range finder's elevation angle isIc- .The angle is
4
variation of displacement (s) along x-axis.
increasing at the rate of 0.14 rad/min. How fast is the
Plot a graph for the equation y = ax - bx 2 , where a and b are
balloon rising at that moment?
positive constants. Balloons
If a particle starts moving along x-axis from origin with
the relation
initial velocity u= 2 mis and acceleration 4 m/s 2
between displacement and time is given as x = 2t + 2/ 2 . 11= 0.14 rad/min
dt
Draw the displacement time graph for t ?_. 0. when 0 = rc/4 „1II= 0• 14 rad/min
T dt
A particle starts with uniform acceleration. Draw a graph when 0= rr/4
taking the displacement (s) of the particle along y-axis and
time (t) along x-axis. What is the curve known as?
Range finder
dy 500 ft
If y= {x2 +1- , then find - .
dx Fig. 2.45
x+1]
sin x , then finddy- . 24. A police cruiser,
If y =
x+cosx dx approaching a situation when
dy right-angled x=0.8, y=0.6
If y = cos 2 x, then find - intersection from
dx
,( .dy the north, is
If y = cos x' ,then find - chasing a speeding
cix
dy car that has turned
18. If x = at 4 ,y= bt 3 , then fina dx .the corner and is
now moving dY
19'. The velocity v of a particle is given by the equation -straight east. When dt
, t is the instant of tune in.
= 612 6f ,where v is in ms- \the cruiser is 0.6
seconds
seconds while 6 and .6 are suitable dimensional constants. At mile north of the
what values of t will the velocity be maximum and intersection and the
minimum? Determine these maximum and minimum values car is 0.8 mile to
of the velocity. the east, the police
 1.1141 Ule aiStance between them and the 32.A 11'11- - 4-
car is increasing at 20 mit IT21— •
_f —
a z
1
= — In z + c
a
Substitute back for z, we get
1
(ax+ b)— a ln (ax+ b)+ c
I dx
7. Substitute 2x = z in the given function
dz
Also
dx dx and R}-IS L1 (t —0)
fo—d;=Glitit° = —
dz
or 2= —dx
_t
dz L
= From equation (i) and (ii), we have
( 1) in (E = t
and §in 2x dx = sin z R E L
2)
(C— iR) = Rt
= .1 sin z dz or ln i
2 L
1 Rt
= — (—cos z)+c
2 or (E1 =
Substitute back for z, we get tR
. E --
sin 2xdx = (—cos 2x)+ c or t=
2
8. We have, E— L = iR 9. Method 1: Given, 5y = —3x-15
dt 3
di Using y= mx+ c, y = — — x — 3
or (E— iR)= L — 5
dt Here the slope is qegative, i.e., the line makes on angle
di dt greater than 900 with the x-axis. As intercept is negative, x
Or (i)
(e—iR) L indicates that the line will cut the y-axis on its negative side
Integrating both sides of the equation (i), we get (Fig. 2.51).
di = dt When x =0, _V=
(E— iR) L When y = 0,
Here limit of time varies from 0 to tand corresponding limits
of i varies from 0 to i.
fi di çtdt
Jo (E _ iR) = Jo 1,
For integration of LHS, substitute E— iR = z
dz
Also (E— iR)= —
di di
dz
Or (0—R )= —
di
d dz
i=
(—R)
fi di = ft dz I (—R
and Method 2: Using .1-+Y- =i
(e iR) z ,_ ab
_(1 —3x 5y x y ,
+ =i
)f i d—z 15 15 (-5) (-3)
,10. For uniformly accelerated motion, the relation between So it is a parabola and its axis is x = 2-
6 .
u 2 = u 2 + 2as. 2b
velocity (v) and displacement (s) is given by
Now, the above equation should be transformed to a suitable So graph is,
form, before the exact shape can be known.

C)
X

0 2
u displacement(s) Fig. 2.53
—
2a
Fig. 2.52 1 1
12. x=2(t 2 4-()= t 2 +t+- -
4 —4)
(v — ) =2a (s—•12-
2a ) =2(112 - 1
2 4
which is of the form 2
(y—k)2 = 4a (x—h ) 1)= 2(1+ 1
(x+-
4 2)
(142
The. vertex is at (h, k), i.e., 1
Vertex is (-

and axis coincides withx (i.e., s) axis. and axis is t = — —

1
11. To find the vertex; 2
a Graph is
d = a-2bx = 0'
-2 x=—.
dx 2b
a2 a2 a2
a— —(a 2
y . a • b _ = ___ = _
2b 2b) 2b 4b 4b
a a2
Vertex is(— — .
21. ' 4b
Also when x = 0, y = 0 so curve passes through origin.
[Aliter : Arrange the equation to make quadratic
expression a perfect square.: (-1/2, —1/2)
2
y = j x2 _a x)=x — 2 _a xi. a -- a 2 Fig. 2.54

b b) t b 4b2 4b2 As graph is to be plotted for t 0

(2 a a 2 1) a2 So, graph will be.
b 4b 4b

x 2b)
— Y 4b
b
2 2
— (1) d. t.
4b 2b
2 Fig. 2.55
a = 0 and y — a— = 0 .,._ - -
Putting x — —
2b 4b While drawing the graph between any two quantities, the
13.
( a a2 first step will be to establish a relation between them, in
we get vertex — — ]
•

2b ' 4b
 1U1OWn Constants.
1 hus, for a uniformly accelerated miniimpipmenumm
xcos x- sin x+sin 2 x + COS 2 x
motion, the relation between (s) and (t) is s = ut + I- 2
at .
2 + cOS x)2
But since u = 0, xCoS x - sin+ 1

s = 1- at 2 (x + cos x)2
2
s is taken along y-axis; replace s
16. We know that cos 2x = 2cos 2 x-1
by y and t being along
x-axis, replace t by x. 2 1+ cOS
cos x =
2
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get

displacement(s)
d [cos 2 = d 1+ cos 2x
dy = --
dx dx dxL 2
d
= — (1/ 2)+-1 —
d
(cos 2x)
dx 2 dx

0 time (t) = -(-sin 2x)2 = -sin 2x

2
Alternative method: y = cos 2 x = (cos x)2
Fig. 2.56
dy Coos x)2 1
= 2(cos x)2-1 (-- x)
ax 2 2 2Y • • dx dx
Therefore, y or x = — which is of the form
2 a -2cos xsin x = -sin 2x
x 2 = 4ay. 17. This type of questions are done by substitution. Put x
3 = u.
Therefore, the graph will be parabola with its axis as y and differentiate u w.r.t. x. So
i.e.,
(s) axis. 4 du
5x =
Notice that the portion of graph to the left of the dx (i)
displacement axis (i.e., towards negative time) is omitted, as Also, y = cos u.
our point of interest lies in only the time elapsed after the Now, differentiating y w.r.t. u, we get
beginning of motion.
dy
14. Here, u(x)= x2 + 1, v(x) = x+ — = -sin u = -sin x5
du (ii)
Using quotient rule, we get Using Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
,x+ d(x2 +1)_ (x2 + d(x +1) dy du dy c 4 : 5
dy sin x
dx dx du dx dx
dx= (x+1)2
18. This is called implicit differentiation or indirect
differentiation. Here, both the given terms are differentiated
= (x+ 1)2x- (x 2 +1)1 independently w.r.t. a third variable and then combined
(X+ 1)2 together. Differentiating x and y w.r.t. t, we get
2x2 + 2x- x2 - x 2 + 2x- 1 dr 3
— = 4at , dY = 3bt 2
dy dt
(x +1)2 (x +1)2
dy
15. Here, u(x)= sin x, v(x) = x + cos x. Dividing — by —
dx , we get
dt dt
d(sin x) . d(x +cos x)
dy
(x + cos x) — Slnx dy dy dt 3bt 2
dx = dx cbc — = — X — = = 3b
dx dt cli 4at 3 4at
(x +cos x)2
19. Given v = 6t 2 -6t 3 . Differentiating v w.r.t.
(x+ cos x)cos x -sin x (1- sin x) t, we have
dv
— = 12t -18t 2 .
(x+cos x)2 dt
(xcosx+cos 2 x - sin x +sin 2 x) dt.;
Putting — =0, we will get the _values of t at which v
dt
(x+cOS x)2
maximum or minimum. Therefore,
12t-18t 2 = 0 t= 0,2/3s
 To the distinguish between points of maxima and minima, 3u2 du
we need the second derivative of v. =f
d2v = 3. i u du
= 12- 36t
dt 2 u2
d 2v = 3.—+C [Intergrate with respect to u]
Now, = 12> 0 2
dt 2 t=0 = —3 (x 2 +1)2/3 +C [Replace u by (x2 +1)1/3 ]
So-t = 0 is a point of minima. 2
dV
d2 v 2 22. = 300 L/min
=12-36x -=-12<O dt
dt 2 t=2/3s 3
V = hA
So, 1 = 2/3 s is a point of maxima. d(Ah) _
300
Hence, the minimum value of v is 0 ms -1 (by putting t = Os dt
in v). dh_ 300 u .
The maximum value of v is dt - A min
—
4 8 8 16 23. y = 500tan 0
vmax = 6x -- 6x — = - - —by ( putti ng t = 2-s in v)
9 27 3 9 3 I, = di
dy 500 dtane500 dtane de
=
de dt
8 _1
v max = - ms 0—de
9 = 500sec 2
dt
20. Let/ = i V1+ y2 .2ydy
= 500x 2x 0.14
Let u =1+ );2 ,then du = 2y dy. = 140 ft/min
/ = f 141/2 du 24. s=11x2 +y2

s 2 =x 2 + y 2
[Integrate, using rule no. 3 with n= 1/2]
(1/ 2)+1 ds dx dy
= 2x— + 2y--
2 di dt dt
= - u 3/2 +C [Simpler form] 8 dx 6
3 2x1x 20= 2x- x— +2x- x- 60
10 dt 10
=-2 (1+y 2 )3/2 +C [Replace u by 1+ y2 ] 8
3 dx = 40+ 72 = 112
21. Method 5 dt
dx 112 x
Let /- adx —= = 70 mile/hr
dt 8
Vx2 +1
25.
Let u = x2 +1, then du = 2.x dx. 3
i= f u-1/3 du [In the form of un du] dV ny , dx + n 2 dy
— = — - x—
dt 3 dt 3 dt
u 2/3 x =_1 2dx _ dy
- — +C [Integrate with respect to u] but _ 2x = y
2/ 3 y2 dt di
=-3 u 2/3 +C
1
_ 9= 7c [xyx (1-1
3 2 dt
= (x 2 +1)2/3
+C [Replace u by x +1]
Method 2 9= [xy + x 2 ]
3 dt
Let u = Vx2 +1 = u 3 =x2 +1 dy 9x3 9x3 -
Then 3u2 du = 2x dx dt - nx(18+9) Itx27
J 2x dx 1
I- = - = 0.318 ft/min
i/X2 -F1
26. A = nr2
dA dr 25 ft/S
--= 271r-
dt dt
1 cm2
=
x 50x — = it- 300
100 min
27. V = xyz
dV dx dy dz
dt = = xz di
--+ xY--
dt Fig. 2.57
= 6 x 1+ 8x (-2)+12(1)
dl x dx
=6-16+12= 2 = - =25cos 0
dt 1 dt
S =2(lb + bh+ lh)
[ db Speed of end along rope = 25cos 0 = 25x45- = 20 ft/s
= 2 (1+ b)—+ (b + h) _ 1 (h +1)— ]
dt dt dt dt 4
(... cos 0 = - when /= 500)
= 2[7(1)+ 5(1)+ 6(-2)] 5
=0 r
30. h 3-
/ + y2 + z 2 8 4
dh = 3 dr
dx dy dz
2x— +2y— + 2z — dt 4 — dt
dl dt dt dt
So,
dt 211x2 +y2 + z 2 V =1 nr2 h
3
4(1)+ 3(-2)+ 2(1) dV = n12rh dr 2 dill
-0
1142 + 32 +22 dt dt r dt
x 2 + y2 = 169 + (1
6)2dh
30 =2x4x-
— 16 -c11
dx dy it 3 dt 3) dt
2x — + 2y— = 0
dt dt 30 128 4 cut 256 dh (512+ 256 dh
— = -- X — —+-- =
TC 3 3 dt 9 di 9 dt
(-ITT x = 5x -12 =-12fils
dt dt y
-- 5 dh_ 30 x 9 = 90 m/mi

A = -1-xy
dt it 256x3 256rc n
2 9000
- cm/min
dA = ydx+__
xdy 12 256E
5 x 5+-31 x-12
di 2 d1 2 dt 2•
-- 2 dr 3000 4 3000
- x= cm/min
25-144 dt 2567c 3 64ir
= = 59.5 ft 2 /s
2 31. Let the constant of proportionality be k.
y=xtan0 dV
—=kA
dydx dO dt
— - (tan 0)Tit +xsee 2 eT
di _ it 4 3
V = - nr and A = 4rtr2
5 + ._ x 169d0 3
-12= 5x— iz
12 12 2 dt d (4 r3
= k(4nr2
169d0 _ dt 3
--
12 -7
25
12 dt dr
-12 4rcr2 = k4nr2
dO _ 144 25 _ di
1 rad/s
di - 169 - 169 — dr ,
— = K =constant
Let K be the kite and G be the girl. Let PK =x dt
••• (300)2 +x2 = 12 32. Let at any instant bicycle has moved a distance x from below
the balloon and height of balloon at that instant be y. Then
dx = dl distance between bicycle and balloon
•

dt dt

-
 dx
Balloon —< 0 (t- 4)3 (5t --8)< 0
dt
For this, t< 4
and t > 8-
5

Bicycle /4-58,4)
Fig. 2.58
Particle will be fastest when .—
dx is maximum
di)
r= Vx 2 + 2
d ( dt
dx
r 2 . x2 + y2 --)= 0
c1-1
Differentiating, d2x
dr dx dy = 3(1 - 4)2 (5t - 8)+ 5(t - 4)3 =. o
2r— 2x—+2y--- dth
di di di
(t -4)2 [15t-24+5t-20]= 0
Aix 2 +
2 drdx dy
= x—+y_
d—t di di t = 4s or —
44 - 2* 2 s
After 3 sec, y= 65+1x3= 68ft 20
dx
But at t = 4 s=
x=17x3= 51ft 0
di
.*. -1(68)2 +(51)2 P ( . = 51x17+68x1
dt • (1 is maximum at I =' 2.2 s
dr
dt
=11ftls dr = (2.2-4)
di and maximum value of— 3 (5x 2.2-8)
R1 R2 _ 50x 75 _ 300 'di
33. Reg
- +R2 125 = - 17.49 m/s
h 6 2
1_ 1 + 1 35.
Reg - R1 R2 r 45 15
dh = 2 dr
Differentiating, di 15 dt
1 dReg _ 1 dRi + 1 dR 2 15x 5 75
h=Sm
R4 di Ri2 di R22 di 2 2
2 dV _ n 2rh dr 2 dhl
dReg = rel y dRi
di +(Reg dR2 di iL r dt
di R1 R2 di 7c 2
150 _
dr
2
= ( 30) x(-1)+ ( 31 2 —= 75x 5x 11-1-- 4 X- --
x1 it di 2 15 dt
75
- -io 2
=(75x 5+ 75x 75x 2)dr ,
=— 1 f/ /s 4x15 ) dt
50 dr _ 2x150
34. (a) — = (t -4)4 + 4(t- 4) (t -1)= 0 di 3x 5x 75n = 15n
dt
400 ,
(t- 4)3 [t- 4 + 4t - 4J= 0 cmicrun
15A
8 _
dh .=. 1x 400 _ 800
t =4s or t =- s
5- tit 15 157t 22571 --cum nun