Universidade Estadual de Goiás

Goiás 16 de abril de 2018

Disciplina: Laboratório de língua Inglesa II

Docente: Sônia Cristina Alarcão

Discentes: Patrícia da luz Matos, Celma Custódio Oliveira, Lilian Beatriz de

Moraes, Wanderson Rafael Azevedo Martins e Maria Circe.

Placement of stress in sentences

Content versus function words

In order for students to present expressions that present appropriate stress

patterns and, therefore, proper English consonance, it is important that they
know which words of a sentence are stressed and which are not stressed.
English words can be categorized into two groups: content words and function
words the words of content are those that present meaning included in this
group are: Included in this group are: nouns, main verbs, adverbs, Adjectives,
question words (for example, why, when, what) and demonstratives (this, that,
these, those).

Content words are usually stressed and function words are words that
have little or no meaning in themselves, but that express grammatical
relationships. Function words include:

Articles, prepositions, auxiliaries, pronouns, conjunctions and relative

pronouns.

Function expressions are generally not stressful unless you have to have
exclusive attention.

Placement of the main stress in the sentences

The placement of main stress in sentences when all content words gain
great stress, a word of content in the middle of a particular sentence will receive
greater stress than all the more. Referred to it as the stress of the main period.
In the general case, the major sentence emphasis falls on the last word of
content within a sentence.

In addition to each of these phrases, the tonic syllable of the final word
of the content receives the emphasis of the main sentence.
 In the company of individual words, we distinguished by three levels of
stress: main, minor and stress-free. With sentences, we need to identify by
means of four levels of stress: stress of great sense stress of greater word,
stress of lesser word and therefore without pressure, in the phrase exemplified
in the text, “I walked home in the Storm ", “i ". are function words and are not
tense, ' walking ', ' house ' and ' rain ' are words of content and receive great
stress from words, and ' storm ' are words of content and gain great stress of
word and ' rain ', thereafter, receives the stress of the sentence Main. As the
"Rain" is the syllable of this word of content that receives great stress, it is also
the syllable that receives the highest sentence of stress. This causes the "rain"
to be higher and longer than "walked" and "home” Since the ' storm ' is a
compound, the ' storm ' receives little prominence in the word.

In addition to each of these phrases, the tonic syllable of the final word of
the content receives the emphasis of the main sentence.

In the company of individual words, we distinguished by three levels of

stress: main, minor and stress-free. With sentences, we need to identify through
four levels of stress: stress of high-end word stress, lower word stress, and
therefore no pressure, in the phrase “I walked home in the Storm ", "I ". are
function words and are not tense, ' walked ', ' house ' and ' rain ' are words of
content and receive great stress from words, and ' storm ' are words of content
and gain great stress of word and ' rain ', thereafter, receives the stress of the
sentence Main. As the "Rain" is the syllable of this word of content that receives
great stress, it is also the syllable that receives the highest sentence of stress.
This causes the "rain" to be higher and longer than "walk" and "home” Since the
' storm ' is a compound, the ' storm ' receives little prominence in the word.

In some conditions, stress by major sentences will not fall into the main
tonic syllable of the final content word of a sentence. That is, if a speaker
intends to lead the receiver's attention to any new word of content in the
sentence, this word will receive large sentences. Consider the following
dialogue: Speaker-The one you bought in creeds B-speaker I bought a new
sweater in creeds can observe that the second sentence has no greater
sentence emphasis on ' creeds ', but rather on the emphasized syllable of '
sweater '. That is the part of the sentence that speaker B is addressing the
attention of speaker A. It is called this information base element of the period.
Usually, it is the tonic syllable of the word of content that represents the focus of
information that receives the highest sentence stress. In general much of the
time, the basis of information occurs at the end of a sentence. In fact, a more
natural response to the question of the speaker in the example explained in the
text: ' I bought a new sweater ' or simply ' a new sweater’
Contrastive Stress

Although the term “contrastive stress” has been incorrectly used in the
past to describe default accent. Contrastive intonation or a combination of the
two. English does have contrastive stress. However, contrastive stress is not
used primarily to show a contrast. It is possible to have contrastive meaning
without contrastive stress and it is also possible to have contrastive stress
without contrastive meaning. The fact that English has contrastive stress
constitutes further evidence for the existence of an unmarked or normal stress
pattern.

Intonation

What's intonation?

Intonation is often called a lot of the times of language melody, as it refers to the
pattern of speech tones that we use when we speak. If you hear someone
talking, you can see that there are many changes in tone. These tone changes
are called intonation patterns and play an important role in transmitting
meaning. Some languages, such as Cantonese, Mandarin and Vietnamese, use
the tone to distinguish the meanings of the words. For example, EM. The
languages that use step to signal a difference of meaning between words are
called tone languages. English doesn't use the step that way. However, Tom's
changes contribute significantly to the meaning of English sentences. These
changes in the English step occur along clauses or whole sentences. A different
step pattern can signal very different meanings for the same sentence.

Final intonation

Final intonation on Ascension listen to yourself when you say the following
sentence: Susan bought a new sweater see that the tone of her voice increases
in the stress of the main sentences, the main syllable of the word "sweater", and
falls on the second syllable of this word. The pattern of this sentence is falling.
It is the most common intonation pattern in English and is characteristic of
simple declarative sentences, commands and issues that begin with a word,
such as ' who ', ' What ', ' when ', ' where ', ' why ', or how '. Say the sentences
below, concentrating on the change of tone in the word that receives the stress
of the main sentence. He wants to go home she gave five dollars to him give
him a sweater what you want to do with this in each case, the pitch goes up in
the highest sentence and falls on the remaining part of the sentence. This
reduction in the pitch can be very abrupt, especially when it should be
performed in just one syllable, as is the case with ' home ' in the first sentence.
When the voice falls to the lower part of the range of the tone, it usually
indicates that the speaker has finished talking.