Roll No •

Name of the student.

THAPAR UNIVERSITY, PATIALA
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
UCH402: HEAT TRANSFER
BE-CHE (IV- Semester) MSE
Friday, 10:30-12:30 Hrs
March 18, 2016
Name of Faculty: Dr. Avinash Chandra
Time: 02 Hours.; Maximum Marks (MM): 100

Note:
• Answer all the questions.
• Answer all parts of the question at the same place only, otherwise it may attract negative marks.
• Complete answer of any question should be written in one place only, otherwise it may attract negative marks.
• Repeat of correct answer of any question may attract zero marks.
• State all suitable assumption wherever necessary (if any).
• Assume suitable/missing data logically, if required.
• Define all variables with dimensions.
• Draw the neat and clean diagrams, wherever required.

Question Description MM
Q. No.

Explain thermal conductivity is a lumped parameter. Consider an alloy of two metals whose 10
I a)
thermal conductivities are k1 and k2. Will the thermal conductivity of the alloy be less than kb
greater than k2, or between k1 and k2? Why?

Write a note on thermal boundary layer. 10

b)

Consider steady one-dimensional heat conduction in a large plane wall of thickness L and 15
c)
constant thermal conductivity k with no heat generation. Obtain expressions for the variation
of temperature within the wall for the following pairs of boundary conditions

d T(0)
(a) k = go = 40 W/cm2 and T(0) = To = 15°C
dx
dT(0) dT(L)
(b) —k — go = 40 W/cm2 and —k = 41, = —25 W/cm2
dz
aT(0) (AL)
k 40 Wicm2
(c) — k dr = 40 = 40 W/cm2 and
dr = 4o =

Starting with an energy balance on a cylindrical shell volume element, derive the steady one- 10
2 a)
dimensional heat conduction equation for a long cylinder with constant thermal conductivity
in which heat is generated at a rate of g.

b) Develop the governing heat transfer equation for a rectangular fin of constant cross-sectional 20
exposed to convection to a medium at
area Ac, perimeter p, length L, and thermal conductivity k
Assume the fins are sufficiently long so that the
T. with a heat transfer coefficient h.
temperature of the fin at the tip is nearly T. Take the temperature of the fin at the base to be
Tb and neglect heat transfer from the fin tips. Apply the suitable boundary condition to solve
the governing equation. Also, obtain a relation for the fin efficiency.
Name of the student Roll No •
100°C 15
3 a) Consider a 5-m-high, 8-m-long, and 0.22-m-thick wall
whose representative cross section is as given in the
figure. The thermal conductivities of various materials
used, in W/m • °C, are kA=kF=2, kB=8, kc=20, 10)=15, and
kc=35. The left and right surfaces of the wall are
maintained at uniform temperatures of 300°C and
100°C, respectively. Assuming heat transfer through
the wall to be one-dimensional, determine
(a) the rate of heat transfer through the wall;
(b) the temperature at the point where the sections
B, D, and E meet; and
(c) the temperature drop across the section F.
Disregard any contact resistances at the interfaces.

b) A transformer that is 10 cm long, 6.2 cm wide, and 5 cm high is to be cooled by attaching a 10 20

cm x6.2 cm wide polished aluminum heat sink (emissivity = 0.03) to its top surface. The heat
sink has seven fins, which are 5 mm high, 2 mm thick, and 10 cm long. A fan blows air at 25°C
parallel to the passages between the fins. The heat sink is to dissipate 20 W of heat and the base
temperature of the heat sink is not to exceed 60°C. Assuming the fins and the base plate to be
nearly isothermal and the radiation heat transfer to be negligible,
(a) Determine the minimum free-stream velocity the fan needs to supply to avoid
overheating.
(b) Repeat it, assuming the heat sink to be black-anodized and thus to have an effective
emissivity of 0.90. Note that in radiation calculations the base area (10 cm x 6.2 cm) is
to be used, not the total surface area.

The heat transfer coefficient for the present case can be approximate by the following
corelation
Nu = 0.664 ReL" Pr1/3
The properties of the air at 1 atm and 42.5°C are as follows:
k = 0.02681W/m.°C
u =1.726 x10-5 m 2/s
Pr = 0.7248

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