Basic

networking
 What is a Network?
• A network is defined as a group of two or more
computer systems linked together.
 Common types of area network
• a computer network that links
LAN devices within a building or group
of adjacent buildings.

• computers are geographically

WAN connected
• composed of many LANs
 Basic things you need to know:
IP ADDRESSING COLOR CODING
66.187.232.50
216.239.39.99 202.12.29.20
4.17.168.6
66.135.208.101
66.135.208.88 209.217.36.32 EQUIPMENT
198.41.3.45 199.166.24.5

TOOLS and CABLE

What is an IP ADDRESSING?
• short for Internet Protocol address, is an
identifying number for a piece of network
hardware.
• allows a device to communicate with
other devices over an IP-based network
like the internet.
Most IP addresses look like this:
192.168.1.1
 Network tools and cable
CAT 5 RJ-45 Connector

• RJ means "Registered Jack"

• This is a plastic connector that
looks like a large telephone-
style connector.
• Used as terminator to the UTP
cable.
 Network tools and cable
• A crimping tool is a device used to conjoin two pieces
of metal by deforming one or both of them in a way
that causes them to hold each other. The result of the
tool's work is called a crimp.
 Network tools and cable
Categories of twisted-pair cables
• Cat5: Supports speeds up to 100 Mbps at 100
MHz, with a maximum cable length of 328 feet
(100 meters).
• Cat 5e: Supports speeds up to 1,000 Mbps (or 1
Gbps) at 100 MHz, with a maximum cable length
of 328 feet (100 meters).
• Cat6: Supports speeds up to 1,000 Mbps (or 1
Gbps) at 250 MHz, with a maximum cable length
of 295 feet (90 meters).
 Network Equipment
•
NIC A network interface card provides the computer with a dedicated,
full-time connection to a network. PCs on a local area network
(LAN) typically contain a network interface card specifically
designed for the LAN transmission technology
 Network Equipment
Switch • receives incoming data packets and redirects them
to their destination on a local area network (LAN)
and switches are the traffic cops of a simple local
area network.
• The destination information in the packets is used
to determine which output ports will be used to
send the data on to its intended destination.
 Network Equipment
• A router is a networking device that forwards
Router data packets between computer networks.
• Routers perform the traffic directing functions on
the Internet.
Standard Cable Configuration
Standard Cable Configuration
Straight-Through Wired Cables
Standard Cable Configuration
Crossover Wired Cables
1st Activity:
Crossover Cable
1st Activity:
CROSSOVER CONFIGURATION
 STEPS IN SETTING CROSSOVER
Cross-over Connection
Step1. Crimp cable to RJ45 White with Orange White with Green
1 1
using the crossover color Orange Green
configuration 2 2
White with Green White with Orange
3 3
Blue Blue
Step2. Check cable using 4 4
White with Blue White with Blue
cable tester if the tester gives 5 5
you result 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 6 Green
6 Orange

3,6,1,4,5,2,7,8 meaning its 7 White with Brown

7 White with Brown

correct 8 Brown
8 Brown
 Test CROSSOVER Cable
Step3. Connect directly the cable
to each of the PC’s LAN Port Not OK for
then check system Tray if NETWORK
ICON has no “RED X”. If it has a
Networking
“RED X” double check plugged cable
if the LED is blinking

Step4. If has no “RED X” right click

on the NETWORK ICON then CLICK OK for
“Open Network and Sharing Networking
Center”
 Configuring PC
Step5. Click Change
adapter settings

Step6. Then Right Click

Ethernet then Properties
 Configuring PC
Step7. Select by clicking
Internet Protocol Version 4
(TCP/IPv4) then click
Properties
 Configuring PC
Step8. Select “Use the
following IP address”

enter the ip address 192.168.1.1

and subnet mask 255.255255.0

Then click “OK”

 Configuring PC
Step9. Repeat Step 4 to Step 8
On the other PC where the other RJ45
is plugged
enter the ip address 192.168.1.2 2

and subnet mask 255.255255.0

Then click “OK”

 Checking Connectivity
Step10. Check if the two PC is successfully
networked by executing PING command.
To execute ping press WINDOW Key + R

-> Then type PING 192.168.1.2 or

192.168.1.1

***Do not ping your own IP Address

 SHARING FILE
Step1. Create a NEW FOLDER in
DRIVE: D name “Networking”

Step2. Right Click the Folder

“Networking”
-> Hover mouse cursor to
“Share With”
-> Click “Specific people…...”
 Cont.  SHARING FILE
Step3. File Sharing Window will
Pop-up then
-> Click arrow down then select
“Everyone”
-> Click “Add”

-> Click “Share”

 Cont.  SHARING FILE
Step4. A window will pop-up
with label “Your folder is
shared” then

-> Click “Done”

 Viewing Shared File
Go to the other PC then follow
the instruction:

Instruction.
Press Window + R
Type \\ip address
Example: \\192.168.1.2
-> Click “OK”
 Viewing Shared File
-> Then you should be seeing
the file you’ve shared if you
have done it right.

You can now drag any file from

that folder and can be viewed
and retrieve dragged file/s from
other connected PC/s
2nd Activity:
Straight-Through Cable
Property of Department of Trade and Industry – Competitiveness Bureau