ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF REINFORCED

CONCRETE RECTANGULAR SHEAR WALL

Abstract: - : — Earthquakes are the most critical loading condition for all land based structures
located in the seismically active regions. A recent earthquake in India on January 26th, 2001 caused
considerable damage to a large number of RCC high-rise buildings and tremendous loss of life. The
reasons were (a) most of the buildings had soft and weak ground storey that provided open space for
parking, (b) poor quality of concrete in columns, and (c) poor detailing of the structural design.
Therefore this incident has shown that designers and structural engineers should ensure to offer
adequate earthquake resistant provisions with regard to planning, design and detailing in high rise
buildings to withstand the effect of an earthquake. As an earthquake resistant system, the use of shear
walls is one of the potential options. The use of shear wall buildings is quite common in some
earthquake prone regions. Shear walls majorly resist the seismic force wind forces and even can be
built on soils of weak bases by adopting various ground improvement techniques. Key words:
Earthquake; Shear Wall; Seismic forces; Structural design; Reinforcement.
I. INTRODUCTION
Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force resisting system. Shear walls are constructed to
counter the effects of lateral load acting on a structure. In residential construction, shear walls are straight
external walls that typically form a box which provides all of the lateral support for the building. When
shear walls are designed and constructed properly, and they will have the strength and stiffness to resist
the horizontal forces. Lateral forces caused by wind, earthquake, and uneven settlement loads, in addition
to the weight of structure and occupants; create powerful twisting (torsion) forces. These forces can
literally tear (shear) a building apart. Shear walls are especially important in high-rise buildings subjected
to lateral wind and seismic forces. Since shear walls carry large horizontal earthquake forces, the overturning
effects on them are large. Thus, design of their foundations requires special attention. Shear walls should be
provided along preferably both length and width. However, if they are provided along only one direction, a proper
grid of beams and columns in the vertical plane (called a moment-resistant frame) must be provided along the other
direction to resist strong earthquake effects. A G+5 Storey Office Building with Shear Walls is considered as shown

Figure 1. Rectangular Shear Wall

Table 1: Dimensions & Parameters Considered

Parameters Dimensions
Storey Height 3.35 m
Total Building Height (H) 21.5 m
Floor Area 37 × 12.7 =469.9
Depth Of Wall ( ) 4.5 m
Shear Wall And Slab Thickness 250 mm
Column And Beam Size 350 × 350 mm
Materials M 30 & Fe 415
Number Of Shear Walls 2
SCOPE FOR THE FUTURE WORK
Shear walls are considered to be a gift to the future construction industry. It’s since their arrival in market there topic
was always a topic of interest. Shear walls are the structures usually build to balance lateral loads acting on the
structure. Where the lateral loads are most predominantly wind and earth quake loads. And predominantly
earthquake loads are more intense in their effect on the building structures. Earthquakes are becoming more intense
due to the key reason that is ground water displacement. Hence in order to overcome the diverse effects of
earthquake it’s always best to save ourselves from future disasters. Several other subjects related to this research
have been identified that it needs further investigation. Experimental and analytical research works needed later are
summarized below. More research works should be done to find a better way to simulate the behaviour of shear
walls under cyclic loads. So that the ductility, the crack development, the failure region, etc. of this system can be
studied in detail. Comparison of analytical results with that of the experimental results should be studied. More
types of shear walls and material sets should be studied as well as laboratory tests to backup the numerical results.
Architectural aspects i.e., effective location of shear walls in a building should be studied

CONCLUSION
Thus shear walls are one of the most effective building elements in resisting lateral forces during earthquake. By
constructing shear walls damages due to effect of lateral forces due to earthquake and high winds can be minimized.
Shear walls construction will provide larger stiffness to the buildings there by reducing the damage to structure and
its contents. Not only had its strength, in order to accommodate huge number of population in a small area tall
structured with shear walls are considered to be most useful. Hence for a developing nation like India shear wall
construction is considered to be a back bone for construction industry • The maximum lateral displacement at the
top storey due to lateral loads was in control and in limitations. The check calculated is safe. • Shear wall is very
effective to resist horizontal forces coming from earthquake and wind forces etc. in multi-storey structure if it is
properly oriented it will reduce torsional effect and storey deflection.