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Fig.
3:
Escoliograma.
Proyecciones
coronal,
lateral
y
dinámicas
hacia
ambos
lados.
Resonancia
magnética.
La
RM
está
indicada
en
determinadas
situaciones
muy
concretas
y
no
se
realiza
de
forma
sistemática.
Se
tiene
que
incluir
desde
la
fosa
posterior
hasta
el
cono
medular.
Las
indicaciones
se
muestran
en
la
Tabla
2.
INDICACIONES
DE
LA
RM
EN
EL
ESTUDIO
DE
LA
ESCOLIOSIS
• Curva
atípica:
levoescoliosis
dorsal,
curva
corta,
cifosis
apical
• Progresión
rápida
>
1º
al
mes
• Cifosis
excesiva
• Examen
neurológico
positivo:
déficit
motor
o
sensitivo,
reflejos
anormales,
reflejos
abdominales
asimétricos
• Curva
de
>
20º
en
niños
menores
de
10
años
• Deformidades
de
los
pies:
pie
cavo,
equino,
varo
• Asimetría
de
las
piernas
• Dolor
lumbar
atípico
que
persiste
en
reposo
• Antecedentes
de
neoplasia
Tabla
2.
Tomografía
computarizada.
El
TC
no
es
empleado
sistemáticamente
debido
a
la
alta
dosis
de
radiación
que
produce
comparada
con
otras
técnicas.
Sin
embargo,
las
reconstrucciones
multiplanares
y
en
3D
son
muy
útiles
en
la
valoración
de
malformaciones
y
deformidades
óseas
complejas
cuando
se
va
a
realizar
un
tratamiento
quirúrgico.
También
se
emplea
para
valorar
el
calibre
de
los
pedículos
vertebrales
del
segmento
que
va
a
ser
instrumentalizado,
puesto
que
los
del
lado
cóncavo
de
la
curva
son
muy
finos,
el
cordón
medular
está
muy
próximo
y
la
colocación
de
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