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LIFTS & ESCALATORS

LIFT
(INTRODUCTION)

EFFICIENT LIFT IS IMPORTANT TO THE HIGHRISE
BUILDING

SEVERAL FACTORS INVOLVED IN DETERMINING
THE SIZE & NUMBER OF LIFT REQUIRED

NORMALLY SEVERAL LIFTS INSTALLED AT ONE
BEST LOCATION (i.e. HOTEL LOBBY) RATHER THAN
SPREAD INSIDE THE BUILDING TO AVOID WAITING

GROUP LIFTS REDUCE INSTALLATION COST

DEMAND OF USING LIFT TEND TO BE REDUCED IF
A STAIRCASE AVAILABE ON THE WAY TO A LIFT

MUST BE EASILY SEEN AND ACCESSIBLE

SEVERAL SMALLER LIFTS PROVIDE BETTER
SERVICE THAN FEWER LARGER LIFTS BUT
INSTALLATION COST LOWER FOR THE LATTER

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NUMBER OF LIFTS

Population: Normally take 10 m.sq = 1 person

Round Trip Time = time in second taken by one lift to travel from
ground floor to top and return to the ground floor

Flow rate: usually express as a percentage of the total population
during 5 min peak demand period:

12 percent for staggered starting times

17 percent for unified starting times

Interval : express in seconds = round trip time of one lift/number of
cars.

Average waiting time= 0.5 of the interval (but in practice = 0.75 of
the interval) Table 11.2

Lift travel: number of floor above ground X floor height

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(Lift Speed)

interval
Handling
capacity

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Electric Lift

Lift car with steel ropes

Drive by electrical motor

Required counterweight

Load motor = (weight of car + its load) –
(counterweight + friction)

Counterweight about 40- 40-50% of weight of
car + its load + friction

Friction about 20 percent of the
counterweight

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FOUR TYPE OF ROPE

ARRANGEMENTS

SINGLE-WRAP TRACTION (11.2 &11.3)
SINGLE-

DOUBLE
DOUBLE--WRAP TRACTION (11.4)

2:1 ROPING (11.5)

3:1 ROPING (11.6)

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MODIFIED ROPING
ARRANGEMENTS

COMPENSATING ROPES (11.7)

ROPING FOR MACHINE ROOM AT LOW
LEVEL (11.8)

DRUM DRIVE (11.9)

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Brakes

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PATERNOSTERS

A SERIES OF 2 PERSON DOORLESS LIFT
CARS

PASSENGER ENTERS & LEAVES A CAR
WHILE IT IS MOVING

SPEED NOT EXCEEDING 0.4 m/s

NOT SUITABLE FOR THE ELDERLY

650 PERSONS/hr

SUITABLE UP TO 7 STOREYS BUILDING
(HOSPITALS, COLLEGES, HOSTELS)

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OIL--HYDRAULIC LIFTS
OIL

USES OIL PRESURE FROM SELF-
SELF-
CONTAINED POWER PACK & DRIVEN
BY ELECTRIC MOTOR

MODERATE CAR SPEED (0.12-
(0.12-1 m/s)

MAXIMUM TRAVEL 21 m

SUITABLE FOR GOODS LIFTS &
ELDERLY

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ESCALATOR

CONTINOUS CONVEYORS FOR MOVING
LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE FROM ONE
FLOOR TO ANOTHER

NO WAITING TIME

REVERSIBLE TO SUIT THE MAIN FLOW OF
TRAFFIC DURING PEAK TIMES

SPEED 0.45-
0.45-0.7 m/s

SUITABLE FOR SUPERMARKET, SHOPPING
MALL, BANKS,AIR TERMINAL, BUS/RAILWAY
STATIONS

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