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UNLOCKING
VIETNAM’S
FINTECH
GROWTH
POTENTIAL
May 2018
Solidiance has produced this white paper for information purposes only. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information and data
contained herein, Solidiance bears no responsibility for any possible errors and omissions. All information, views, and advice are given in good faith but without any
legal responsibility; the information contained should not be regarded as a substitute for legal and/or commercial advice. Copyright restrictions (including those of
third parties) are to be observed.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Financial Technology companies, or fintech, have been disrupting the financial industry around the world by
changing the way consumers use financial products and services. This change is also visible in Vietnam’s
financial industry, where fintech is leveraging rising bank penetration to promote value-add financial services
while also offering the unbanked population access to alternative payment solutions. In 2017, Vietnam’s fintech
market reached USD 4.4 billion in transaction value and is expected to grow to USD 7.8 billion by 2020.
• The move towards an increasingly cashless society, with ambitious government targets aimed at reducing
cash transactions to 10% of all payments by 2020
• Improve user experience in the financial services sector through cost and time saving, addressing a key
pain-point of traditional financial services
• The proliferation of FinTech services that is able to cater the Small-to-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in
Vietnam – those who are currently underserved by traditional financial institutions with limited capital,
complexity, and gaps in services – by facilitating capital sourcing and supporting investment decisions
• Aligning global financial trends in digital payment as well as in personal and corporate financial management
applications
The purpose of this white paper is to provide a deeper market understanding of the
fintech revolution in Vietnam. Opportunities are present in the fintech space for:
• Private equity and venture capital funds, as well as other investors seeking to participate in this growth
through acquisitions
• Traditional financial institutions looking to fill current gaps, expand service offerings, and avoid becoming
legacy institutions
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Executive Summary 02
Digital Payment 09
Personal Finance 14
Corporate Finance 18
Potential Barriers 21
Future of Fintech 23
Conclusion 24
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0% 59% 100%
Vietnam
0% 86% 100%
Thailand
0% 92% 100%
Malaysia
In order to minimize the gap with other countries in the region, Vietnam’s
government has approved a financial scheme for the development of non-cash
payments in Vietnam effective from 2016-2020. The ambitious plan aims to
reduce the ratio of cash transactions to 10%, reaching 70% banked accounts
by 2020. Fintech can also leverage rising bank penetration to accelerate value-
added services.
Technological breakthroughs,
combined with rising internet
and smartphone penetration,
have quickly spurred growth in
digital finance
Vietnam’s internet penetration reached 52% of the population in 2016 while smartphone ownership accounted for ~72% in
urban areas and ~53% in rural areas. This makes Vietnam one of the fastest growing adopters of smartphones in Southeast
Asia. The introduction of 4G in the country – along with lower-priced smartphones and service costs – will also act as
enablers and provide the necessary means for digital payment and other fintech services.
R 72%
7% CAGR C AG
58%
52% 51%
51%
48%
44%
36%
20%
At current growth rates, digital payment leads the fintech services market share at
89%. However, personal & corporate finance is expected to grow at a faster rate
through 2025.
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2% 6%
24%
Digital Payment 12.8%
2017 2025F
• Mobile payments (including mobile wallet) that are transactions taking place from a
mobile device
• Payment platform that facilitates a payment transaction between a payment portal and
the front-end processor
• Peer-to-Peer lending (P2P) & Crowd Funding/Investing/Lending for SMEs to seek for
capital sources via online marketplaces
DIGITAL
PAYMENT
Fintech Market Leader
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Gap fulfillment
Fintech Fintech
Key players
Vietnam Solutions Time Saving &
Low Cost
Convenience
• Patnership
programs with
multiple vendors to
facilitate payment
transactions as
well as mutual
brand building via
promotion programs
Unlike other digital payment services, MoMo has developed a network of 4,000 stores nationwide
to attract unbanked users. The growing number of partners and its strong technical platform have
promoted seamless customer experience to support MoMo’s growing customer acquisition.
Thanks to the wide-range of value-added services such as bill payment, mobile account recharge,
services purchase as well as personal loans settlement, MoMo has attracted attention from investors
and raised USD 32.75 million of funds from Goldman Sachs & Standard Chartered.
Services:
An e-wallet & payments app that allow users to pay online and transfer money, such as peer-to-peer
lending
Key milestones:
• Concrete network of stores (Over 4,000 service stores across 45 provinces) to target both unbanked
Sources: Momo, Solidiance Research & Analysis
Achievements:
• USD 32.75 million in investments
Besides practical solutions that address users’ unmet needs to leverage digital payment & their customer acquisition
strategy, the digital payment segment has primarily attracted market players as a result of market potential, including:
• Vietnam’s government recently published an article (circular 39) on facilitating mobile payment
which officially recognizes e-wallet services as a payment service as well as collection services &
granted licenses to numerous companies in payment services to ensure compliance and security
• A non-cash payment development scheme in the 2016-2020 period has been announced by the
State Bank of Vietnam (SBV). The ultimate target is to reduce the ratio of cash transactions to below
10% and boost e-payment & develop new and modern means and methods of payment in rural and
more remote areas
• Threat of new market players confronts incumbents – even the largest players with investment
from global banks and funds are struggling to build a firm customer base and to be well-prepared
to confront with potentially upcoming bigger players
• Competitive rivalry – there are many players competing for a relatively small - but growing - amount
of customers. Bankruptcy or market consolidation through M&A activity are inevitable and must be
accounted for. Commercial banks are also transforming themselves with digital payment initiatives,
such as VPBank, Maritime Bank, ACB, etc, and other private labels such as ApplePay, SamsungPay,
ZingPay, have also initiated their customer acquisition strategy
For new capable players, market opportunity exists. Alipay, the biggest online payment platform in
China, signed an agreement with the National Payment Corporation in Vietnam (NASPAS) in November
2017 promising an early entrance into Vietnam, especially as their e-commerce business had already
entered the country in 2016.
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PERSONAL
FINANCE
Emerging Fintech Segment
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Gap fulfillment
Fintech Fintech
Key players Missing/
Vietnam Solutions Time Saving &
Low Cost Insufficient
Convenience
Services
• Reduces risk of
human bias
... Personal
finance solutions
are increasingly
growing in
Vietnam
Gap fulfillment
Fintech Fintech
Key players Missing/
Vietnam Solutions Time Saving &
Low Cost Insufficient
Convenience
Services
• Supportive
add-in services
(insurance, wealth
management)
Technological innovation is
boosting consumer finance
solutions, especially for the
unbanked
Growth potential in personal finance
solutions
CORPORATE
FINANCE
The fastest and most promising
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• Peer-to-Peer • Connecting
Lending (for business seeking • Market is still
business) loans & investors untapped
with an online
platform
• Faster & flexible
requirement
• Crowd • Alternative
Lending & financing for SMEs
Equity-Based
Crowd • Online loan
Funding request, scoring
(Crowd and approval
Investing)
• Rising bank penetration and the government’s • The rising proflieration of startups play a critical part in Vietnam’s
ambitions to move towards a cashless society have maturing economy. Crowd funding/investing & Peer-to-Peer
supported Point-Of-Sale (POS) payment and POS Lending activities raise funds for the startups and this can fill
management applications in particular a market need which is neccessary to encourage more creative
ideas in order to drive innovation and develop Vietnam as regional
• Smartphone and internet penetration contribute an
tech hub
indispensable role in leveraging individual access to
social networks & social credit rating system • As Vietnam’s administrative system is not well-managed to
record personal financial status, credit rating based on social
• Fintech lending and funding activities would not be
activities is projected to become a new trend in the future
possible without innovative technology and digital
platform
*The survey was conducted by the Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM) in
• While Vietnam’s economy is dominated by SMEs co-operation with Copenhagen University and the Institute of Labour and Social Affairs
with 90% of market share & acting enterprise
growth at 10% year-on-year as of 2015, SMEs still
face difficulties in accessing lending. Among 2,600
surveyed* SMEs in Hanoi, ~70% of them struggled
in accessing bank loans and had to seek loans from
non-traditional, informal sources
POTENTIAL
BARRIERS
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1
Lack of regulatory clarity:
•
•
Government restriction with newly issued regulations - Article 24, Circular 19 (effective as of Jan 1, 2018) - has caused concerns
from fintech as NAPAS would be the only gate for all transactions to pass through which would limit the progress of fintech and
e-commerce innovation in Vietnam.
Peer-to-Peer lending platforms are growing but only banks and credit institutions in Vietnam are legally permitted to operate in the
lending business.
• New products also face the similar dilemma and when the regulatory framework is unclear, fintech startups hesitate to scale or
raise funds from investors.
2
Capital limitation:
• Along with other startups, Vietnam fintech companies
are largely lacking capital resources to implement their
business plans. Therefore, calling for fundraising is
indispensable. Most fintech startups in Vietnam are
still at the early stage of funding such as Seed, Series A,
which dominate 70% of the deal count.
3
Management knowledge constraints:
• Operational & management capabilities are often limited
at startups. In fact, ~70% fail in the first year of operation.
Thus, guidance from senior investors with relevant
experience is vital.
4
Awareness & trust issue:
•
•
In some cases where a new business segment is introduced, trust can be slow to build. It is an undeniable fact that in order to use
a service, customers need to know and learn about it. Hence, it is imperitive to educate customers who are not very familiar with
high-tech products such as Grabpay, Timo or MoMo.
Many Vietnamese fintech startups are struggling in building their brands which are not as strong as established financial institutions
in order to gain more trust from end-users. However, it is quite costly and require a certain amount of time and effort for fintech
startups to build its brand and reputation.
FUTURE OF
FINTECH
Where does fintech in
Vietnam go from here?
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Association Mission
The National Technology Promote speed and efficiency of technological innovation in businesses, industries,
Innovation Fund (NATIF) economic sectors and regions of the country by providing financial support to carry out
research, technology transfer and innovation
National Agency for Technology, Provide training, mentorship & financial aid to new startups & enterprises in order to
Entrepreneurship, and promote Vietnam startup economy
Commercialization Development
(NATECD)
Silicon Valley Project Attract the necessary entrepreneurs, expertise and investment to enable the
development of a competitive technology sectors
The Finland-Vietnam Promote innovation, develop entrepreneurs and facilitate new startups and initiatives to
Innovation Partnership create sustainable ecosystem domestically and globally
Program (IPP)
Fostering Innovation Improve scientific research, develop technology application & promote innovation in
through Science, enterprises to support higher productivity, competitiveness, and quality of Vietnam’s
Research and economic growth
Technology Project
(FIRST)
Organizations Missions
CONCLUSION
With a large potential tech-savyy user base, active
startup and investment community, increasingly
supportive regulatory framework, and robust
enabling environment, fintech applications will
further penetrate Vietnam’s financial ecosystem
and establish themselves as key go-to services
across digital payment, personal finance, and
corporate finance solutions.
DISRUPTION BY FINTECH
IN VIETNAM
Vietnam’s financial technology industry has
begun to gain momentum as rising bank
penetration leaves room for fintech firms to
fill the market gap.
31% 30%
Malaysia 41%
69% 59%
70%
52% 10 Million
70%
Internet Penetration
(2016)
customers
72% Smartphone Penetration
(2016)
E-wallet penetration
(2017) by 2020
42 Million
from 35.5 million in 2017
by 2021
Trends in VIETNAM'S FINTECH SPACE:
Digital Payment solution is the current leading segment, but there will be
a shift towards Personal Finance and Corporate Finance by 2025.
2% 6%
Growth rate of fintech
(CAGR 2017-2025)
9% Digital Payment 12.8%
24%
Personal Finance 31.2%
89% 70%
Corporate Finance 35.9%
2017 2025F
Fintech product segmentation
Digital Payment : Personal Finance : Corporate Finance :
1 2
Lack of regulatory clarity Capital limitation
3 4
Management knowledge constraints Awareness and trust
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AUTHORS
Michael Sieburg, Associate Partner
Michael Sieburg is an Associate Partner for Solidiance’s Vietnam office. Based in Ho Chi Minh City for
the previous 8 years with regional scope of experience and responsibility, Michael has advised global
investors and leading industry players on Vietnam’s technology landscape - from payment solutions to
consumer finance platforms to e-commerce growth. Michael holds an M.A. from Columbia University
and has studied Vietnamese in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
Tram is a Consultant based in Solidiance’s Ho Chi Minh City office. At Solidiance, Tram has been
active on M&A engagements, including commercial due diligence in Vietnam’s tech sector. Prior to
Solidiance, she worked at one of Vietnam’s leading e-commerce companies. Tram holds an MBA and
a Master of European and International Private Banking from the Institute of Business Administration,
University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, France.
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