Form 3 Science

Chapter 6

CHAPTER 6 : LAND AND ITS RESOURCES

1. Diagram 1 shows how some petroleum is heated to different temperatures.

. Thermometer

Delivery tube

Petroleum
Porcelain chips

Heat Water Petroleum

fraction

Diagram 1

(a) Name the process used in Diagram 1 to obtain the petroleum fractions

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) Table 5.2 shows the four fractions of petroleum collected in four separate test tubes
according to different temperature.

Distilled oil Range of boiling point Colour

P 30-800C Colourless

Q 80-1200C Yellow

R 120-1600C Orange

S 160-2000C Red

Table 5.2

(i) What is the relationship between P and S in terms of their boiling points and the
colour of the distillate?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

169
 Form 3 Science
Chapter 6

(ii) Using the words given below, name fractions P, Q, R and S.

.
Kerosene Diesel Petrol Lubricating oil

P: …………………………………………..
Q: …………………………………………..
R: ………………………………………….
S: …………………………………………..

[2 marks]

(c) (i) State one use of P.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

(ii) Explain why we have to use P wisely.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

2. Diagram 2 shows an activity to study the reaction between metal and oxygen.

Diagram 2

(a) What is the function of the potassium permanganate crystals?

……………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b) Between zinc and copper, which metal is more reactive towards oxygen?

…………………………………………………………………………………………...[1 mark]

170
 Form 3 Science
Chapter 6

(c) Name the product formed when zinc reacts with oxygen.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..[1 mark]

(d) Write the word equation for the reaction between copper and oxygen.

[2 marks]

(e) Give one reason why metals such as gold and silver do not react with oxygen.

……………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]
3. Diagram 3 shows some limestone powder being heated in a boiling tube. Liquid W turns
cloudy after five minutes.

Limestone
powder

Diagram 3
(a) (i) What is liquid W?

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Why does it turn cloudy?

………………………………………………………………………………………[2 marks]

(b) Liquid W can be produced from limestone by the processes shown below.

P R dissolve in water
Limestone Q Slaked lime Liquid W

Name

(i) process P : ……………………………………………………………………………………

171
 Form 3 Science
Chapter 6

(ii) substance Q : ……………………….………………………………………………………

(iii) process R : ………………………..…………………………………………………………

[3 marks]

(c) List two uses of slaked lime

(i) ………………………………………………………………………………………………
…..

(ii) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks]
4. Diagram 4 shows an activity carried out to study the effect of heat on copper sulphide.

Copper sulphide

Solution M

Diagram 3
(a) What is solution M?

……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(b)(i) What happen to solution M when the copper sulphide is heated strongly?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) Name the gas released that causes the change in solution M b (i).

………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(c) Name the product left in the test tube after the copper sulphide was heated strongly.

……………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(d) Complete the word equation for the above reaction.

172
 Form 3 Science
Chapter 6

Copper sulphide +
Heat

[2 marks]

5. Diagram 5 shows an activity carried out to study the property of calcium carbonate.

Dilute hydrochloric acid

Calcium carbonate limewater

Diagram 5
(a)(i) What happens to the limewater?

………………………………………………………………………………………[1 mark]

(ii) Name the gas that is produced.

……………………………………………………………………………………….[1 mark]

(b) Complete the equation to show the reaction in Diagram 5.

Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid

+

[2 marks]

(c) Calcium carbonate is a compound. Name the elements found in calcium carbonate.

………………………………………………………………………………………… [2 marks]

173
 Form 3 Science
Chapter 6

Structure Question
1. 2.

The figure above shows the effect of heat on cockle The figure above shows a series of experiments to
shells. produce a solution of a type of
(a) (i) What change can be observed in the lime calcium compound.
water? (a) What will happen to the limestone when
heated strongly in X?

(ii) What reacts with the lime water to cause the

change in (a)(i)? (b) What can be observed when drops of water
are put on the solid product of heating in Y?

(b) Cockle shells contain calcium carbonate. Write

a chemical equation in words to
represent the effect of heat on cockle shells. (c) Name the substance formed in Y.

(d) Name the solution produced in Z.

(c) State three elements contained in cockle shells.

(e) State the use of the solution produced in Z.

(d) Give an example of a natural substance

which can be used to replace the cockle
shells in this experiment.

(e) Water is dropped onto heated cockle shells.

The solution formed is then tested with red litmus
paper. What can be observed of the red litmus
paper?

169