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OBJECTIVE
Introduction
Excretory Products
Mode of Excretion
Main Excretory Structure in Animal
Human Excretory System
Kidney
Nephron
Pressure in Renal Circulation
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR),
Filtration Fraction, Urine Formation
Osmoregulation by Kidney
Regulation of Kidney Function
Disorder of Excretory system
NEET SYLLABUS: Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism,
uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and function; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of
kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in
excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney..
YEAR 2017 - 19
4. Which of the following excretory product require maximum water for its elimination?
(a) Ammonia (b) Urea (c) Uric acid (d) Creatinine
9. Ammonia which is produced by metabolism is converted into ____A____ in the liver of mammals and
released into B which is filtered and C out by kidney
(a) A-Uric acid, B-Blood, C-excreted (b) A-Urea, B- Blood, C-excreted
(c) A-Amino acid, B-Blood, C-excreted (d) A-Sugar, B- Blood, C-excreted
11. With respect to the mode of excretion, bony fish falls into what category of organism?
(a) Ureotelic (b) Uricotelic (c) Ammonotelic (d) Osmoconformers
19. Which of the following sets of animals produce the same substances as their chief excretory product?
(a) Fish, pigeon and frog (b) Camel, housefly and snake
(c) Frog, monkey and dog (d) Amoeba, ant and antelope
21. Excretion of nitrogenous waste product mainly as uric acid by birds is helpful in
(a) Conserving body heat (b) Conserving water
(c) Eliminating excess water (d) Eliminating excess body heat
(B) Vertebrates have simple tubular organ as excretory structure like kidney
(C) Protonephridia is primarily concern with excretion
(D) Protonephridia are excretory structure in rotifers, some annelids and cephalochordates
(Amphioxus)
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) D
34. Which of these parts in vertebrates functionally corresponds to the contractile vacuole of protozoans?
(a) Heart (b) Cloaca (c) Sweat glands (d) Kidneys
35. The characteristic(s) common to urea, uric acid and ammonia is/are
(i) They are nitrogenous wastes.
(ii) They all need very large amount of water for excretion.
(iii) They are all equally toxic.
(iv) They are produced 1n the kidneys
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv) (b) (i) only (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (i) and (iv)
40. Order of toxicity among ammonia, urea and uric acid (from lower to higher) is
(a) Uric acid< urea< ammonia (b) Uric acid < ammonia < urea
(c) Urea < uric acid < ammonia (d) Ammonia < urea < uric acid
41. Among ammonia, uric acid and urea; which one needs the least amount of water to excrete?
(a) Ammonia (b) Uric acid (c) Urea (d) Both (b) and (c)
42. Among ammonia, uric acid and urea, which one is the most soluble?
(a) Ammonia (b) Uric acid (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Urea
43. Aquatic animals excrete ammonia. Which of the following statements does not support this statement?
(a) Ammonia is easily soluble in water
(b) Ammonia is released from the body in gaseous state
(c) Ammonia is highly toxic and needs to be eliminated as and when formed
(d) Ammonia gets converted into less toxic form called urea and uric acid