Built Environment The term built environment refers to the human-made surroundings that

provide the setting for human activity. The built environment encompasses places and spaces
created or modified by people including buildings, parks or green spaces , and supporting
infrastructures, such as water supply, or energy networks, transportation systems etc.

Built environment is shaped by: i. Climate and geology ii. Economy iii.Government iv. Culture
and fashion v. Technology vi. Customers

Natural Environment The natural environment includes all living and non-living things occurring
naturally on Earth. Natural environment is often used as a synonym for habitat. For instance,
when we say that, the natural environment of giraffes is the savanna.

Composition Natural Environment i. The Lithosphere: The lithosphere is the rigid outermost
shell of a rocky planet defined on the basis of the mechanical properties. ii. The Hydrosphere:
The hydrosphere refers to the combined mass of water found on, under, and over the surface of
the planet. Ocean, rivers, lakes, ponds and as a whole all the water body of the earth. iii. The
Atmosphere: The atmosphere of Earth is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth that is
retained by Earth's gravity. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet solar
radiation, warming the surface through greenhouse effect, and reducing temperature extremes
between day and night.

The Biosphere: The biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems. It can also be termed the zone
of life on Earth, a closed system and largely self-regulating. The biosphere is the global
ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships

Social Environment The social environment refers to the immediate physical and social setting in
which people live or in which something happens or develops. It includes the culture that the
individual was educated or lives in, and the people and institutions with whom they interact. The
interaction may be in person or through communication media, even anonymous or one-way and
may not imply equality of social status.

What is Internal Environment?

The conception of the internal environment was first given by the French physiologist named
Claude Bernard (1813–78), who said that conservation of an unchanging inside environment was
mandatory for a living organism to survive and endure the varying outside environment.

Selective assimilation of matter traversing the cell walls play a significant role in controlling the
inside environment of both flora and fauna. Animals, additionally are proficient in regulating
their bodily fluids by the hormonal stimulation and also the nervous system. The conditions
prevailing inside the body of an organism especially with respect to the anatomy of the tissue
fluid are known as internal environment of an organism.
The internal body conditions that need to be controlled include temperature, water concentration,
blood sugar content, CO2 level. These are controlled to offer a constant inside environment and
that is called homeostasis.

What is External Environment?

The environment surrounding the organism from the outside, that involve physical, social,
chemical and biological conditions encompassing the living organism. The external environment
is utilized in contradiction to the inside environment of the living organism.

Living organisms discover and react to alteration in the conditions of their outside environment.
In responding to any perils and opportunities, living organisms may act or change their actions.
For e.g. floral stems show growth towards the sunlight. With time, the branches of trees become
strong when they are tightened by the wind. Faunal species, react towards stimulus with a wide
range of behaviours resulting due to hibernation activity of a bear to your own experience of
Goosebumps on a cold and chilly night.

Planning is the process of thinking about the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It
involves the creation and maintenance of a plan, such as psychological aspects that require
conceptual skills. There are even a couple of tests to measure someone’s capability of planning
well. As such, planning is a fundamental property of intelligent behavior. An important further
meaning, often just called "planning" is the legal context of permitted building developments.