Research Problem and Research Design

 Some difficulty which a researcher

experiences in the context of either a
theoretical or practical situation and wants to
obtain a solution for the same
 Subject which is overdone should not be
normally chosen
 Controversial subject should be avoided
 Too narrow or too vague problems should be
avoided
 Familiar and feasible subject should be
preferred
 Costs and time involved should also be
considered
 Should be preceded by a preliminary study
 What
 Why
 Where
 When
 How

Need for Research Design

 Dependent and independent variables
 Extraneous variable
 Control
 Confounded relationship
 Research hypothesis
 Experimental and non-experimental
hypothesis-testing research
 Experimental and control groups
 Treatments
 Experiment
 Principle of Replication
 Principle of Randomization
 Principle of Local Control
 Informal experimental designs
◦ Before-and-after without control design
◦ After-only with control design
◦ Before-and-after with control design
 Formal experimental designs
◦ Completely randomized designs
◦ Randomized block design
◦ Latin square design
◦ Factorial designs