Question 1. What Is IC Engine?

Answer :
The internal combustion engine converts chemical energy into useful mechanical energy by
burning fuel.
Chemical energy is released when the fuel-air mixture is ignited by the spark in the combustion
chamber. The gas produced in this reaction rapidly expands forcing the piston down the cylinder
on the power stroke.

Question 2. What Is 2-stroke Engine?

Answer :
A Two-stroke engine is an internal combustion engine in which the piston’s two strokes are
required to complete single thermodynamic cycle.2-STROKE engine is designed by DUGLAD
CLERK in 1880, the expansion and exhaust takes place during 2-Stroke of piston.

Question 3. What Is 4-stroke Engine?

Answer :
A four-stroke engine is an internal combustion engine in which the piston’s four separate strokes
are required to complete single thermodynamic cycle.
A 4-stroke engine is an internal combustion engine in which the piston completes four separate
strokes— intake, compression, power, and exhaust— during two separate revolutions of the
engine’s crankshaft, and one single thermodynamic cycle.

Question 4. Definition Of Octane Number And Cetane Number?


Answer :

Octane No. - Octane number is defined as the percentage, by volume, of iso-octane in the
mixture of iso-octane and h-heptane. It is the measure of rating of SI engine.

Cetane No. - Cetane number is defined as the percentage, by volume, of n-cetane in the
mixture of n-cetane and alpha methyl naphthalene. It is the measure of rating of CI
engine.




Question 5. Name The Main Steps Involve In 4-stroke I.c Engine?


Answer :

The steps involved here are:
◦ Intake stroke: The mixture of Air and Fuel. are drawn in.
◦ Compression stroke: Fuel vapor and air are compressed and ignition takes place.
 ◦ Combustion stroke: Fuel combustion takes place and piston is pushed
downwards.
◦ Exhaust stroke: Exhaust is driven out.
.
Question 6. Among Two-stroke Engine And Four-stroke Engine Which Is Generally
Preferred And Why?

Answer :

Two stroke engine is generally preferred. Because it has smaller size for the same output.


Question 7. During Idling Process, A Petrol Engine Requires Lean Or Rich Mixture?

Answer : Lean mixture.


Question 8. What Are The Advantages Of Lubrication In Ic Engine?


Answer :

◦ It reduces the wear and tear of the moving parts.
◦ It damps down the vibration of the engine.
◦ It cleans the moving parts.
◦ It makes the piston gas tight.
. 


Question 9. Name The Fuel Used By I.c Engines?


Answer :



Petroleum: Petroleum spirit, Petroleum diesel, liquefied petroleum gas(LPG),
Compressed natural gas, Jet fuel ,Residual fuel.

Coat: Methanol, Gasoline, Diesel fuel.

Biofuels and Veg Oils: Peanut oiL and other veg oils, Biobutano, biodiesel, Dimethyl.
Ether, biogas, hydrogen.




Question 10. What Are The Advantages Of Lubrication In I.c Engine?


Answer :



following are the advantages of Lubrication in IC Engine:
◦ it reduces the wear and tear of the moving parts.
◦ it damps down the vibration of the engine.
◦ it cleans the moving parts.
◦ it makes the piston gas tight.
. 

.Question 11. Why Have Eight Cylinders In An Engine? Why Not Have One Big Cylinder
Of The Same Displacement Of The Eight Cylinders Instead?

Answer :

There are a couple of reasons why a big 4.0-Liter engine has eight half-Liter cylinders
rather than one big 4-Liter cylinder. The main reason is smoothness. A V-8 engine is
much smoother because it has eight evenly spaced explosions instead of one big
explosion. Another reason is starting torque. When you start a V-8 engine, you are only
driving two cylinders (1 Liter) through their compression strokes, but with one big
cylinder you would have to compress 4 titers instead.




Question 12. What Causes White Smoke In Two Stroke Locomotive Engines?

Answer :

That is because of engine running too Lean mixture (lack of fuel). This condition wilt
lead to overheating and failure of the engine.




Question 13. Why Efficiency Of Gas Turbines Is Lower Compared To Lc. Engines?

Answer :

In gas turbines, 70% of the output of gas turbine is consumed by compressor. I.C. engines
have much Lower auxiliary consumption. Further combustion temperature of l.C. engines
is much higher compared to gas turbine.




Question 14. What Do You Understand By Timed Cylinder Lubrication?


Answer :

For effective lubrication, lubrication oil, needs to be injected between two piston rings
when piston is at bottom of stroke so that piston rides in oil during upward movement.
This way tot of lubrication oil can be saved and used properly.




Question 15. In Some Engines Glycerin Is Used In Place Of Water For Cooling Of
Engine. Why?

Answer :

Glycerin has boiling point of 90°C which increases its heat carrying capacity. Thus
weight of coolant gets reduced and smaller radiator can be used.



Question 16. Why We Do Not Use Same Technology To Start Both Si/cl Engine ?

Answer :The S.I. or spark ignition engine uses petrol. as a fuel and the Ci. or
compression ignition engine uses diesel as a fuel. Both the fuels has different
compression ratio.
◦ In SI engine the compression ratio is 8-12:1.
◦ In CI engine the compression ratio is 16-22:1.
. So in case of SI engine, the compression ratio is not sufficient for fuel to burn so a spark
plug is used, whereas in ci engine, the compression ratio is so high that due to its internal
heat the fuel is combusted so there is no need for a spark plug. So the technology used in
SI engine is different from CI engine.




Question 17. Which Has More Efficiency: Diesel Engine Or Petrol Engines?

Answer :

Diesel. engine has the better efficiency out of two.




Question 18. What Is The Position Of Piston Ring?


Answer :

In 180 degree angle the Top ring, Second ring and Oil ring are fixed. Position the ring
approximately 1 inch gap below the neck.




Question 19. What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using LPG In Car?

Answer :

Advantages
1. Complete combustion
2. FueL saving
3. Homogenous combustion.
. Disadvantages
1. As complete combustion is occurring, more heat Liberated, not advised for Long
journey, engine will be over heated
2. Installation is difficult
3. Reduce engine Life efficiency.
. 


Question 20. What Is Scavenging?


Answer :

Scavenging is process of flushing out burnt gases from engine cylinder by introducing
fresh air in the cylinder before exhaust stroke ends.

 


Question 21. What Is Meant By Supercharging?


Answer :

Supercharging is a method of increasing an engine’s power output, by forcing air into the
engine under greater than atmospheric pressures. Supercharging usually refers to belt
driven compressor (I.E. roots/screw or centrifugal), some early uses superchargers were
driven directly off the crank shaft.




Question 22. Why Diesel Engine Don’t Have Spark Plug?


Answer :

The compression ratio is high enough to combust the diesel without the aid of sparkplugs
Answer Most diesel engines will have a glow plug, this gives of enough heat to help get
the engine started, the heat generated from the first few revolutions together with the
compression from the piston is enough to ensure the engine keeps running. Some modern
diesel engines no Longer require a glow plug.




Question 23. Which Are The Reference Fuels For Knock Rating Of 5.1. Engines?
Answer : n-heptane and ISO-octane.




Question 24. Which Pollutant Is Major Greenhouse Gas And What Is Its Effect?

Answer : CO is major greenhouse gas and it traps the radiation of heat from the sun
within earth’s atmosphere.




Question 25. What Are The Important Operational Performance Parameters In Design Of
Fuel Firing Equipment?

Answer :

Fuel. flexibility, electrical Load following capability, reliability, availability, and
maintenance ease.




Question 26. How The Analyses And Calorific Values Of Fuels Can Be Reported?

Answer : It may be reported as
1. As received or fired (wet) basis
2. Dry or moisture free basis.
3. Combustible or ash and moisture free basis.
.Question 27. What Is Atft Technology Used In Honda Hunk?

Answer : ATFT means Advance Tumble Flow Induction Technology, Tumble flow
means swirling. In this technology fuel air mixture from the carburetor into the engine
cylinder with a swirl action. The advantage being one gets a more efficient burning of
fuel hence more power and better fuel. economy with lesser emissions.