Laparoscopic Surgery for Endometriosis

What is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis is a common disorder which shows the presence of endometrial glands and stroma tissue
on the outside of the uterus. It affects the female reproductive system as it is said to affect 5 to 10
percent of women in their reproductive age. The displaced endometrial tissue causes irritation in the
pelvis which causes pain and fertility problems. Endometriosis can be classified into many stages
depending on location, extent and depth of endometriosis implants. Endometrial implants are the
displaced endometrial tissues throughout the abdominal and pelvic area.

Signs and symptoms

The signs and symptoms vary greatly which may even be related to other conditions or pathological
processes. The pain related to endometriosis may be present as painful menstruation, painful
intercourse, painful micturition, painful defecation, abdominal discomfort or chronic pelvic pain.

Laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis

Laparoscopy is the most preferred type of surgical treatment for endometriosis. Laparoscopic surgery
for endometriosis provides a greater magnified view of the surgical location. It is also preferred because
patients can recover quickly and return to their normal activity. The main purpose of laparoscopic
surgery for endometriosis is to remove endometriotic lesions as much as possible.

Laparoscopic evaluation

A complete infertility evaluation should be completed before considering treatment for endometriosis.
Laparoscopic evaluation for endometriosis treatment at NU fertility is conducted to assess the severity
of the disease by looking at other areas such as appendix, bowel and diaphragm. Treatment of moderate
and severe endometriosis by laparoscopic techniques has been shown to increase pregnancy rates for
women in whom no other causes of infertility have been found.
During surgery

During the surgery for endometriosis treatment at NU fertility, the surgeon will make a small incision
instead of making a large incision around the navel under general anesthesia. The surgeon then inserts a
laparoscope and the abdomen is filled with carbon dioxide for clearing blood and mucus. If
endometriosis or scar tissues are needed to be removed, the surgeon may use various techniques such
as cutting, removing and using electric current to destroy the tissue.

Post surgery

Post endometriosis treatment at NU fertility, the surgeon closes the abdominal incisions with stitches.
Some amount of fluid may be left in the abdomen to prevent formation of scar tissue or sticking
together of organs. If no complications happen, the patients will be discharged soon.

Complications

Some of the complications of laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis may include bleeding due to blood
vessel damage, bowel or urinary tract damage.

Post operative care

Medications to manage nausea and vomiting along with pain may be prescribed. The pain would be
reduced within 48 hours post surgery. It is important to stay hydrated with a light diet. Regular follow-
up with the doctor is advised.

For more: Laparoscopy for infertility in women, fertility center in Bangalore, iui fertility treatment

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