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ABSTRACT
Commuter train is one mode of transportation that get PSO aid from the government. The
problems related to PSO (Public Service Obligation), among others, are the absence of
a common perception on the understanding/deinition of PSO and yet all PSO activities
are done through a tender process, different basic calculation on the required PSO fund
among PSO-executing SOEs, no separation between PSO business activities and non-
PSO business activities in the inancial statement. In addition, the compensation given by
the government for PSO assignment is not suficient, so that the commuter train service
faces many disruptions. For example, the matter of delay relects that train is not reliable,
rails and bridges are not in the prime condition, the signal has been fade, overlow
electric current (pantograph)is frequently disrupted.
The purpose of this study is to understand and evaluate the provision of PSO in order to
maximize the commuter train services. The beneit of this research is to contribute ideas
related to the administration of PSO so that people can feel the beneits.
The method used is qualitative approach, descriptive analysis, and evaluation on the
policy of PSO provision.
The results of this study are divided into: PSO provision for economy-class trains,
commuter services in Jabodetabek, asserting the separation of service types, support for
PSO service improvement, and performance-based planning concept.
Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015 353
Budi Sitorus, Tulus Irpan H. S, Euis Saribanon ISSN 2355-4721
354 Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015
ISSN 2355-4721 Evaluation on The PSO Provision for Commuter Trains Through Performance-Based Planning to Improve
The Service Quality of Economy-Class Trains
Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015 355
Budi Sitorus, Tulus Irpan H. S, Euis Saribanon ISSN 2355-4721
356 Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015
ISSN 2355-4721 Evaluation on The PSO Provision for Commuter Trains Through Performance-Based Planning to Improve
The Service Quality of Economy-Class Trains
stipulated by the Government to fulill the a day which previously 589 trips a day.
need of poor people. PT KCJ as the commuter operator put the
schedule change into effect starting from
The provision of PSO for
1 June 2014. There are 645 trips in 2014,
economy class trains starts from 2008 to
operating 56 loops served by 56 railway
2012, experiencing increases as seen in
trains.
attachment 1.
Up to now, the route from Bogor/
From the table, it can be seen that
Depok provides the most leets by 33 trains
in 2012 kereta jarak dekat (commuter)
a day serving 294 trips, followed by the
received the highets amount of PSO as
route of Bekasi served by 9 (nine) trains for
much as Rp223.53 billion, followed by
117 trips. The next, the route of Serpong
Rp175.85 billion in 2010. However, in fact
is served by 8 (eight) trains for 104 trips;
the PSO fund received for 2010 was Rp535
Tangerang route is served by three trains
billion, whereas the actual operational
for 62 trips a day.
cost of economy class trains throughout
Indonesia reached Rp 635 billion. In 2009 This year Gapeka is different from
it was budgeted Rp845 billion but the the previous year. The completion of
realization was just Rp504 billion. double track in the northern track of Jawa
will make easier the trip and the travel time
The evaluation related to the
for Kereta Api Jarak Jauh (KAJJ) or long
provision of PSO for commuter is that there
distance trains will be shorter.
is no common perception on the deinition
of PSO, not all PSO activities are carried out Moreover, KCJ will operate three
through tender process, no common basic non-commercial (feeder) trains for 68
calculation of needed fund for PSO among trips a day. These feeder trains will serve
the PSO-executing SOEs, no separation in the routes of Manggarai-Sudirman-Karet-
the inancial statement between the PSO Tanah Abang-Duri-Kampung Bandan-
business activity and non-PSO business Jakarta Kota round trip and Kampung
activity, no suficient compensation from Bandan-Jakarta Kota round trip.
the government for PSO assignment,
The additional routes are the
no conformity between the PSO budget
implementation form of procurement
approved by the Parliament and the
program of KRL as many as 488 units. Up
calculation made by the Government.
to now, KCJ has repurchased other 176
units from Japan, which will be done in
2. Commuter Services in Jabodetabek
stages and is expected to inish in August
Commuter Services in Jabodetabek this year. In 2009 KAI had 400 KRLs to
can not be separated from the establishment serve the users of this transportation mode.
of Graik Perjalanan Kereta Api (Gapeka). But now PT KCJ has about 800 trains that
Gapeka for 2014 serves 645 trips of train serve many trips in Jabodetabek.
Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015 357
Budi Sitorus, Tulus Irpan H. S, Euis Saribanon ISSN 2355-4721
358 Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015
ISSN 2355-4721 Evaluation on The PSO Provision for Commuter Trains Through Performance-Based Planning to Improve
The Service Quality of Economy-Class Trains
Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015 359
Budi Sitorus, Tulus Irpan H. S, Euis Saribanon ISSN 2355-4721
360 Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015
ISSN 2355-4721 Evaluation on The PSO Provision for Commuter Trains Through Performance-Based Planning to Improve
The Service Quality of Economy-Class Trains
Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015 361
Budi Sitorus, Tulus Irpan H. S, Euis Saribanon ISSN 2355-4721
shifts of the service providers and users. breaks down, the trip of other
trains will surely be disrupted as
• Focuses on user convenience (customer
well because only one track can be
oriented outcomes).
passed through. The domino effect
• The base to asses the contractor’s is the existence of a long queue of
performance is not on the number of KRL and passenger congestions at
output made. the station.
• The owner does not tell in detail the b) The distribution of PSO for
method or material to be used. economy class commuter trains
is increasing now, but it happens
• The owner stipulates the minimum
in the end of iscal year so that
performance indicator that should be
the commuter operator PT. KCJ
fulilled by the contractor.
via PT. KAI (Persero) faces an
Table 1 Performance Based Contract (IR) obstacle in inancing IMO and
TAC which are burdening the
Management Traditional
PBC operation of economy class trains
Aspect Contract
and consequently not punctual in
Planning Owner Owner
the maintenance of economy class
Design Owner Contractor trains.
Build Contractor Contractor
c) The distribution of PSO considers
Maintenance Owner Contractor
5 (ive) principles, namely Right
Management Owner Owner Target, Right Quantity, Right
Quality, Right Price, and Right
Source: Lembaga Kebijakan Pengadaan Time for subsidy.
Barang/Jasa Pemerintah, 2014
Bibliography
Conclusion
Lembaga Kebijakan Pengadaan Barang/
Based on the analysis and
Jasa Pemerintah, 2014. Performance
discussion, it can be concluded that:
Based Contract. Sosialisasi
a) There is still a problem of delay, Strategi Nasional Pencegahan dan
relecting such conditions as Pemberantasan Korupsi (Stranas
train is not reliable, the rails PPK) Ministry of Transportation.
and bridges are not in the prime
Nugroho, Riant and Randy R. Wrihatnolo.
condition, the signal has been
2011. Management Perencanaan
obsolete, the overlow electric
Pembangunan. Jakarta : PT.
current (pantograph) is frequently
Elexmedia Komputindo.
disrupted. Imagine, if one train
362 Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015
ISSN 2355-4721 Evaluation on The PSO Provision for Commuter Trains Through Performance-Based Planning to Improve
The Service Quality of Economy-Class Trains
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Jurnal Manajemen Transportasi & Logistik (JMTranslog) - Vol. 02 No. 3, November 2015 363