ABSTRACT:

Electronics is the branch of physics, engineering and technology dealing with electrical
circuits that involve active electrical components such as vacuum
tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive interconnection
technologies. The nonlinear behavior of active components and their ability to control electron
flows makes amplification of weak signals possible and is usually applied
to information and signal processing. Similarly, the ability of electronic devices to act as
switches makes digital information processing possible. Interconnection technologies such
as circuit boards, electronics packaging technology, and other varied forms of communication
infrastructure complete circuit functionality and transform the mixed components into a
working system.

Today, most electronic devices use semiconductor components to perform electron

control. The study of semiconductor devices and related technology is considered a branch
of solid state physics, whereas the design and construction of electronic circuits to solve practical
problems come under electronics.

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 INDEX

S. No. Topic Pg. No

1 Company Profile 3
2 Introduction 6
3 Physics Of Fiber Optics Trainer (Omegatype Fo-008) 7
4 Digital Portable Meters 9
5 Semiconductors Component Checker And Curve Tracer (Omega 11
Type Cts-101)
6 Binary Adder & Subtractor Demonstrator (Omega Type Db-4) 14
7 Seven Segment Display (Omega Type Db-5) 16
8 Experiments On Single Phase Transformer (Open, Short, 18
Efficiency & Ratio) (Omega Type Es-333)
9 D.C. Motor Speed Control Trainer (Omega Type Ict-913) 20
10 Success Story 22
11 Snapshot’s 23
12 Conclusion 25

Industrial visit T0 “OMEGA ELECTRONICS, JAIPUR”

1. COMPANY PROFILE:-

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  World Leader in Mfg. & Export of Technical Education Training Equipment
 Established 1962, An ISO 9001:2000 Company
 Export Sales to more than 40 countries in Europe, Middle East, USA, SE Asia etc.
 80 People, 1300 Products, Quality Commitment
 Certificate Training Programs for Students and Teachers

Started in 1962 by eminent Physics and Electronics scholar Mr. Y. P. Agarwal, Omega
Electronics is an eminent manufacturer and exporter of Educational Trainers, Scientific
Equipment and Lab Practical Equipment. We have a dedicated wing that develops new ideas in
the training systems and imbibe them in our manufacturing. Our continued strive for innovation
has made Omega products best in the world. Backed by brilliant technicians, our company is
professionally managed to maintain our leadership position in the market. Our scientific lab
equipment, educational & training equipment have become much popular in the educational,
academics, research and industrial circles. Cost effective, Customized & OEM production
capacity makes us the foremost exporter to South East Asia, Europe, Middle East,
North America and Africa.

Product Range:
ANTENNA Trainers, GPS Trainer, Radar Trainer, RFID Trainer, Instrumentation Trainers,
Communication Trainers, Electricity Trainer, LAN Trainer, VLSI Trainers, Microprocessor,
Microcontroller & Interfaces Trainers, Consumer Electronics Demonstration Trainers, Test and
Measuring Instruments, Microwave Test Benches, Educational Wall Charts, Robotics
Kits, Decade Boxes (R,L,C), Analog Electronics Lab, Digital Electronics Lab, Power Electronics
Lab, Breadboards, Power Project Board, Circuit Lab Trainers, Physics Systems Training, Fibre
Optics Trainers, Power Supplies

Infrastructure:
They have a modern manufacturing plant at Jaipur, India which enables us to provide a
wide array of state-of-the-art educational training equipment. Our plant is totally furnished with
all novel equipment and machinery that become instrumental in the manufacturing of our range
of products. Equipped with all the modern testing apparatus, our quality lab ascertains that all
products pass through rigorous tests before being dispatched to the customer.

Quality:
There products are widely accepted across global markets. The prime reason for such
widespread acceptance is an undying pledge to quality. To actualize and maintain such quality
levels, we adhere to international quality management systems. All raw materials are first tested
for quality and only then passed on for further processing. A devoted team of quality experts are
entrusted with this job. Furthermore, they ensure that our products are in tune with the global
standards.

Certificate Training Programs:

They are the proponents of a unique concept in South East Asia Region for imparting
hands on experience, practical edge, vocational training & DIY concept. From last 4 years in

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total 1110 students from 65 different colleges including some teachers, lecturers have benefited
from these training programs.

 Training Workshops (Industrial In-plant Practical Training)

 Project Assistance Centre for Students (Major Or Minor Projects)
 Practical Lab for Distance Learning - Msc. Physics - for Madurai Kamraj University,
Madurai

Customer Satisfaction:
There admirable technical education equipment and training solutions are widely accepted
and respected across the globe. New innovations in our product range is getting an impressive
response globally. Our ethical business policies combined with an attractive price range make us
a desired destination for customers. Since 1962, Omega Electronics has constantly served
educational institutions over the world. The Electronic Laboratory equipments and Physics
Experimental Setups have been supplied to more than 12,500 customers in India and abroad.

Omega Training Systems are exported to countries like:

01) Bahrain
14) Malaysia
02) Bangladesh
15) Muscat
03) Bhutan
16) Nepal
04) Brazil
17) Nigeria
05) Cambodia
18) Pakistan
06) Canada
19) Philippines
07) Dubai
20) Portugal
08) Egypt
21) Singapore
09) France
22) Syria
10) India
23) Thailand
11) Jordan
24) U.S.A.
12) Kenya
25) Vietnam
13) Lebanon
Omega Electronics, 28 E and F,
Contact Address: Malviya Industrial Area,
Jaipur-302017, Rajasthan, INDIA.
Phone: +91-141-2751136
Email: info@omegaelectronics.net; omega@sancharnet.in

Various Functional Areas:

- Components Display - Introduction to Robotics

- Transformers - Robot Assembly

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- Power Supply - CPLD
- Important IC's - Application of microwave Bench
- PCB, House Wiring - More than 10 examples on VLSI
- Industrial Inplant Training - Xilinx Web Pack
- Tools Function - Video Demonstrations
- Omega Educational Trainers - Microprocessor & Microcontroller
- Soldering & Wiring - Interfacing with Computer
- Factory visits & Guest lectures - Motors & Sensors
- Motors & Sensors - Minor Projects (4-10)

Manufacturing Plant at Jaipur, India

2. Introduction
They had a state-of-the-art infrastructure that enables there team to manufacture
products, which are known for qualities like durability, energy efficiency, wide voltage range,
reliable performance and weather resistance. Their team comprises skilled and talented
professionals, who have the zeal to boost up the growth of our organization and provide their
clients with quality products. Further, they provide their clients with option of free packaging
and delivery of the products, which helps them to attain utmost client satisfaction. Owing to all
these factors they have been able to garner a huge clientele, which is based in India and Africa.

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Now we will see the various products manufactured by them:
1. PHYSICS OF FIBER OPTICS TRAINER (OMEGATYPE FO-008):
It is designed to learn basic physics of fiber optics including fiber end preparation.
Students can also study the construction of transmitter & receiver to form analog & digital link.
Ample number of experiments can be performed with this kit by referring to the exhaustive
manuals provided with the kit.

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ACCESSORIES:

Red Short Links: 10 Nos.

Crocodile Links: 02 Nos.
Plastic Fiber 1 Meter (with connector): 01 No.
Plastic Fiber 5 Meter (with connector): 01 No.
N.A. Jig&N.AScale: 01 No. Each
Connection Sleeves (Splicing unit): 01 No.
Microphone: 01 No.
Speaker: 01 No.
Experimental Manual: 01 No.
Mandrel: 01 No.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

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2. DIGITAL PORTABLE METERS:

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 Today we want to provide the best Technical Facilities and equipment’s in Educational
Labs, so that students can have hands on experience of latest technologies and products used in
Industrial Environment. Let’s take a case of an Electrical Engineering Lab. There we have to do
many experiments related to verification of particular law or theorem, estimation of motor’s &
transformer’s parameters or designing a new system .Here we need to first measure various
electrical parameters like Wattage ,Current , Power Factor etc. And then we do the calculation
using standard formulas, plot the graph and arrives on the conclusion .We have designed and
developed Digital Portable Meters for conducting experiments in Educational Institutes , that
will not only make the work more accurate and reliable but simpler also. Traditionally we are
using Analog meters in our Labs. In this application note, we have a look on the various
advantages of the Digital meters over the Analog meters.
Advantages of Digital meters over Analog meters
 Accurate, Reliable, Faster Response, Better Readability, Higher Resolution
 There is no observational error such as Parallax and Estimation
 In case experiment requires multiple parameters , we can replace many meters with just a
single Multifunction meter ,that will reduces the unnecessary and repetitive wiring , thus
saves lot of time and energy
 Data Logging Facility for data analysis & recording (Optional)
 Last but not the least, they are economical

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3. SEMICONDUCTORS COMPONENT CHECKER AND CURVE
TRACER (OMEGA TYPE CTS-101):
Semiconductor component checker & curve tracer are useful for checking & tracing the
characteristics curve of a variety of components in very short time duration. The Instrument
consists of five different sections, detail Specifications & features are following:
 SECTION - 1. DIODE CHECKER:-
 SPECIFICATIONS:
01. Indicates whether diode is open circuit, short circuit & if working, its
polarity.
02. Silicon & germanium, both types of diodes can be tested.
 FEATURES:
Two LED's & One test switch are provided showing :
01. Open diode - If both LED's are OFF.
02. Short diode - If both LED's are ON.
03. Good diode - If one glows fully & other dim.

 SECTION - 2. TRANSISTOR CHECKER:-

 SPECIFICATIONS:
01. For good transistor LED marked GOOD will glow.
02. For bad transistor LED marked BAD will glow.
 FEATURES:
01. One transistor socket and three sockets are provided.
02. A switch decides NPN or PNP transistor.
03. Good transistor - If one glows fully & other dim.

 SECTION - 3. FET CHECKER:-

 SPECIFICATIONS:
01. For GOOD FET, the meter needle vibrates continuously between a maximum
position to a minimum position. .
02. For BAD FET, either there is no response in the meter or it holds at one point.
 FEATURES:
01. One transistor socket and three sockets are provided.

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 02. An ammeter of 1 mA range is provided.
03. Designed to test almost all FET's.

 SECTION - 4. TRANSISTOR PARAMETER CHECKER:-

 SPECIFICATIONS:

 FEATURES :
01. Big 115 mm X 55 mm (4.5" X 2.25") dial of meter increases the accuracy of
readings.
02. Four values of base current are provided for gain measurement so that gain
can be compared under four conditions.
03. A six position selector switch selects gain at 300, 150, 50, and 25mA base
current, leakage and I currents. CBO
04. Another switch selects HIGH and LOW rangs.
05. A transistor socket is provided for transistors with short leads, and three
sockets for any other.
06. A PNP - NPN switch selects PNP or NPN transistor to be checked.

 SECTION - 5. CURVE TRACER:-

 SPECIFICATIONS:
Semiconductor Device range:
01. Bipolar Transistor (NPN & PNP)
02. FET (Juction N & P Type)
03. SCR
04. UJT (N-Channel)
05. ZENER DIODE (Upto 50V Vz)
06. GERMANIUM & SILICON DIODES
07. LED

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  FEATURES:
01. Full protection of semi- conductor devices.
02. Full protection of internal circuitry.
03. Selection of Forward or Reverse characteristics for Zener diodes, diodes &
LED by a switch.
04. Ease of operation due to minimum number of panel settings.

 COMMON FEATURES: -
* For connecting devices two Nos. of 3 test cables are provided.
* Power Requirement: 230 V ± 10% at 50 Hz A.C. mains.
* Strongly supported by detailed operating instructions.
* Weight: 4 Kg. (Approx.)
* Dimension: W 340 x H 110 x D 210.

 OTHER APPARATUS REQUIRED:

* Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

4. BINARY ADDER & SUBTRACTOR DEMONSTRATOR (OMEGA TYPE

DB-4):

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 OMEGA TYPE DB-4 Demonstration Board has been designed specifically to
understand the methods of addition, subtraction and multiplication in binary system. Digital
Systems are based on Binary System of counting therefore it becomes essential to master this
system. The board is absolutely self-contained and requires no other apparatus.
Practical experience on this board carries great educative value for Science and Engineering
Students.
OBJECT
01. To demonstrate binary addition upto 5 bit binary.
02. To demonstrate binary subtraction upto 5 bit binary.
03. To demonstrate binary multiplication by repetitive addition upto 5 bit binary.
04. To demonstrate the method of presetting the initial conditions.
05. To demonstrate the above processes by feeding either negative or positive pulses from an
external source.
FEATURES
The board has the following features:
01. Five stages of I.C. Flip flops.
02. Clock circuit generating negative clock pulses.
03. Band switch for presetting a particular bit.
04. Five toggle switches for isolating or combining the five flip flops.
05. Slide switch for selecting addition or subtraction function.
06. Reset switch for resetting the flip flops to 00000.
07. Five LED indicators representing a 5 bit binary.
08. Output for feeding to external circuits.
09. Input for positive or negative pulse triggering from external source.
10. Mains ON/OFF switch, Fuse and Jewel light.
* The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.
* Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½
metre.
* Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for
connections/observation of waveforms.

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* Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design
procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.
* Weight: 3 Kg. (Approx.)
* Dimension: W340 x H110 x D210

5. SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY (OMEGA TYPE DB-5):

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 OMEGA TYPE DB-5 is a DYNAMIC DEMONSTRATION BOARD on Seven
Segment Display (using Light Emitting Diodes). The decoder driver circuit is used to drive its
binary coded decimal output from switches. The BCD to seven segment decoder driver IC
7446/47A which consists of 45 diodes, 16 rosistors and 7 transistors. There are 4 switches
corresponding to 4 variables A, B, C and D. The switches are so connected that the two terminals
of the switch corresponds to a logic ‘1’ and logic ‘O’ respectively in one position of the switch.
When the switch position is changed, the two terminals just inter-change their A, B, C and D
both in the true form, as well as in the false form. Thus depending upon the state of the switches
and their relative position a particular digit is displayed on the display panel.
OBJECT:
To demonstrate the working of seven segment display.
FEATURES:
The board consists of the following built-in parts:
01. +5V at 100mA, IC regulated Power Supply.
02. Seven segment display of Common Anode, LED type.
03. Decoder Driver IC.
04. Four SPDT switches corresponding to four variables A, B, C and D For giving logic ‘1’ and
logic ‘0’ inputs.
05. Adequate no. of other Electronic Components.
06. Mains ON/OFF switch and Neon indicator are provided.

* The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains.

* Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length ½
meter.
* Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for
connections/observation of waveforms.
* Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design
procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.

* Weight: 3 Kg. (Approx.)

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* Dimension: W340 x H110 x D210

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6. EXPERIMENTS ON SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER (OPEN, SHORT,
EFFICIENCY & RATIO) (OMEGA TYPE ES-333)

OMEGA TYPE ES–333 Experimental setup has been designed Specifically to study the
performance of transformer and determine open circuit test, short circuit test, efficiency and
voltage regulation of 1f Transformer. The setup consists of voltmeters, ammeters, wattmeter’s,
load resistors variac and transformer.
The setup is complete in all respect and requires no other apparatus. Practical experience on this
setup carries a great educative value for Science and Engineering students.

OBJECT
01. To perform open circuit test of 1f Transformer.
02. To perform short circuit test of 1f Transformer.
03. To determine efficiency and regulation of 1f Transformer.
04. Verification of transformation ratio of Transformer.

FEATURE
The board consists of the following built-in parts:
01. Moving Iron AC portable Voltmeter /: Housed in bakelite case with knife edge pointer &
Ammeter/Wattmeter anti parallax mirror scale of 140mm length, spring
controlled movement, having accuracy class 1.0.
1.1. Two moving iron AC Voltameter 0 – 300 V.
1.2. One moving iron AC Voltmeter 0 – 75 V.
1.3. Two moving iron AC Ammeter 0 – 10 Amp.
1.4. One moving iron AC Ammeter 0 – 100 mA.
1.5. Two Wattmeter single phase, dynamometer type, Multirange, current coil 5/10 Amp.
Potential coil 75/150/300 Volt.
1.6. Wattmeter single phase, dynamometer type current coil 0.5 Amp. Potential coil 300
Volt.

02. Variac Variable voltage transformer table/floor mounting with enclosure input 230V, output
0–270V at 8 Amp.
03. Transformer for study Input 230V O/P 150V at 5Amp.
04. Fixed Resistance in three steps : Use two heating rods of 70 ohm, 750 Watt each, based on
cement asbestus sheet of size 6 x 12 inch, output are on terminal with connecting series &
parallel connections by switches, to obtain different resistance 140 ohm, 70 ohm, 35 ohm approx.

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* Weight: 44 Kg. (Approx.)
* The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz AC Mains.
* Set of connecting wires.
* Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory, Design
procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References.

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7. D.C. MOTOR SPEED CONTROL TRAINER (OMEGA TYPE ICT-913):

OMEGA TYPE ICT-913 is a D.C motor Speed control trainer built around a small
permanent magnet D.C. motor is designed to bring out the salient features of such a system.
Facilities are available to directly measure the principal performance features of the speed
control system, viz, steady state error and load disturbance rejection, as a function of the forward
path gain. In addition the experimental work involves the determination of the motor transfer
function and the characteristics of the tacho-generator. An important feature of the unit is the
built-in absolute speed measurement through photo diode pick-up from a slotted disk followed
by a frequency counter. Variable loading of the motor is achieved by a built-in eddy current
brake.
FEATURES:
01 Closed loop motor speed control with eddy current brake
02 Compact systems-no mechanical hassles
03 Photo diode speed sensor
04 Digital speed displays

EXPERIMENTS:
01 Effect of loading on the speed of the motor in the open loop
02 Steady state error variation with forward gain
03 System time constant variation with forward gain
04 Effect of forward gain on disturbance rejection
05 Determination of the motor transfer function and tachometer characteristics

SPECIFICATIONS:
01 Speed control of a 12V, 4W permanent magnet D.C. motor
02 Speed range: 0 to 2500 rpm (typical)
03 Photo diode based speed sensing
04 4-digit speed display in rpm
05 Electronic tacho generator for feedback
06 Separate unit for motor in a see through cabinet

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07 Smooth, non-contact eddy current brake for loading
08 Built-in 3½ digit DVM for signal measurements
09 Built-in IC regulated internal power supply
10 The unit is operative on 230V ±10% at 50Hz A.C. Mains
11 Adequate no. of patch cords stackable from rear both ends 4mm spring loaded plug length
50cm.
12 Good Quality, reliable terminal/sockets are provided at appropriate places on panel for
connections/observation of waveforms
13 Strongly supported by detailed Operating Instructions, giving details of Object, Theory,
Design procedures, Report Suggestions and Book References
* Dimension: W 425 x H 190 x D 290

OTHER APPARATUS REQUIRED:

* Cathode Ray Oscilloscope 20MHz.

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 9. Success Story
In last 5 years 1110 Teacher/ Student have done their training at Omega.

Colleges include
IIT-Kharagpur, IIT-Guwahati, IIT-Roorkee, IIT-Kanpur, NIT-Silchar, MNIT-Jaipur, LNMIIT-
Jaipur, Engg College Purbanchal University-SOET-Nepal, TEI-Ichalkaranji, SKPC-Fazilka,
ACEIT-Jaipur, BTTI-Pilani, D.Y. Patil-Pune, EC-Bikaner, AIT-Ajmer, MLVTEC-Bhilwara,
SBBSIET-Jalandhar, GITS-Udaipur, PEC-Jaipur, ITM-Bhilwara, ICFAI-Hyderabad-Jaipur,
LBITS-Kota, LCIT-Ahmedabad, EC-Kota, GGSCOET-Bhatinda, GIT-Jaipur, GP-Ajmer, GP-
Bikaner, GP-Pali, GSET-Jaipur, IET-Alwar, Indian School of Mines-Dhanbad, MKU-Madurai,
JECRC-Jaipur, SMCET-Phagi, JUIT-Solan, Jaypee-Noida, JEC-Jaipur, KITE-Jaipur, MAIET-
Jaipur, MBM-Jodhpur, Mody College-Lakshmangarh, NIT-Bhopal, NIT-Hamirpur, RCEW-
Jaipur, RIET-Jaipur, RKDF-Bhopal, Balaji-Jaipur, SEC-Sikar, SIT-Jaipur, SKIT- Jaipur, SMEC-
Neemrana J.T.M COE, Faizpur etc.

SNAPSHOTS:

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CONCLUSION

We have studied the various techniques to manufacture devices and the various kits
designed by OMEGA ELECTRONICS, Jaipur which are being used by the various educational
institutes like engineering colleges, schools, and various research laboratories.
And we also learned the proper procedure of designing a PCB and placing of components
and also how to manufacture a transformer. And what are the various steps of a kit manufacture
and also we learnt about the work culture of an office and what in actual professionalism means.

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