Dada una población 𝒙 = {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕} donde 𝑷(𝑿 = 𝒙) = 𝟏/𝟕

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑥) = {1/7, 𝑥 = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7

𝑁

𝝁 = 𝐸(𝑥) = ∑ 𝑥𝑓(𝑥)
𝑖 =1
𝝁 =𝟒
Distribución muestral
𝑛 =3
𝑁 7 7!
( )=( )= = 35
𝑛 3 3! 4!

Muestras Cantidad Media Mediana

(1,2,3) 1 6/3 2
(1,2,4) 1 7/3 2
(1,2,5) 1 8/3 2
(1,2,6) 1 9/3 2
(1,2,7) 1 10/3 2
(1,3,4) 1 8/3 3
(1,3,5) 1 9/3 3
(1,3,6) 1 10/3 3
(1,3,7) 1 11/3 3
(1,4,5) 1 10/3 4
(1,4,6) 1 11/3 4
(1,4,7) 1 12/3 4
(1,5,6) 1 12/3 5
(1,5,7) 1 13/3 5
(1,6,7) 1 14/3 6
(2,3,4) 1 9/3 3
(2,3,5) 1 10/3 3
(2,3,6) 1 11/3 3
(2,3,7) 1 12/3 3
(2,4,5) 1 11/3 4
(2,4,6) 1 12/3 4
(2,4,7) 1 13/3 4
(2,5,6) 1 13/3 5
(2,5,7) 1 14/3 5
(2,6,7) 1 15/3 6
(3,4,5) 1 12/3 4
(3,4,6) 1 13/3 4
(3,4,7) 1 14/3 4
(3,5,6) 1 14/3 5
(3,5,7) 1 15/3 5
(3,6,7) 1 16/3 6
(4,5,6) 1 15/3 5
(4,5,7) 1 16/3 5
(4,6,7) 1 17/3 6
(5,6,7) 1 18/3 6
TOTAL: 35
Distribución muestral de la media muestral

̅
MEDIA MUESTRAL 𝒙 𝑓(𝒙
̅ ) = 𝑃(𝑿̅ =𝒙
̅)
6/3 1/35
7/3 1/35
8/3 2/35
9/3 3/35
10/3 4/35
11/3 4/35
12/3 5/35
13/3 4/35
14/3 4/35
15/3 3/35
16/3 2/35
17/3 1/35
18/3 1/35
TOTAL: 1

Histograma

Distribución muestral de la mediana muestral

̃
MEDIANA MUESTRAL 𝒙 𝑓(𝒙
̃ ) = 𝑃(𝑿̃ =𝒙
̃)
2 5/35
3 8/35
4 9/35
5 8/35
6 5/35
TOTAL: 1
Histograma

Valor esperado de la media

𝑁

𝝁𝒙̅ = 𝐸(𝒙
̅) = ∑ 𝒙
̅ 𝑓(𝒙
̅)
𝑖 =1
6 1 7 1 8 2 9 3 18 1
𝝁𝒙̅ = ∙ + ∙ + ∙ + ∙ + ⋯+ ∙
3 35 3 35 3 35 3 35 3 35

𝝁𝒙̅ = 4 = 𝜇 → 𝒙
̅ 𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑠𝑔𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝜇

Valor esperado de la mediana

𝑁

𝝁𝒙̃ = 𝐸(𝒙
̃) = ∑ 𝒙
̃ 𝑓(𝒙
̃)
𝑖 =1
5 8 9 8 5
𝝁𝒙̃ = 2 ∙ +3∙ +4∙ +5∙ +6∙
35 35 35 35 35

𝝁𝒙̃ = 4 = 𝜇 → 𝒙
̃ 𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑒𝑠𝑔𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝜇

Estimador más eficiente

𝝈𝟐 𝒙̅ = 𝑉(𝒙 ̅ 𝟐 ) − 𝐸 2 (𝒙
̅ ) = 𝐸(𝒙 ̅)
6 2 1 7 2 1 8 2 2 9 2 3 18 2 1
̅𝟐) = ( ) ∙
𝐸(𝒙 +( ) ∙ +( ) ∙ +( ) ∙ + ⋯+ ( ) ∙
3 35 3 35 3 35 3 35 3 35
𝟐
𝐸(𝒙
̅ ) = 16.89
𝝈𝟐 𝒙̅ = 16.89 − 42 = 0.89
𝝈𝟐 𝒙̃ = 𝑉(𝒙 ̃ 𝟐 ) − 𝐸 2 (𝒙
̃ ) = 𝐸 (𝒙 ̃)
𝟐 5 8 9 8 5
̃ ) = 22 ∙
𝐸 (𝒙 + 32 ∙ + 42 ∙ + 52 ∙ + 62 ∙
35 35 35 35 35
𝟐
𝐸 (𝒙
̃ ) = 17.6
𝝈𝟐 𝒙̃ = 17.6 − 42 = 1.6

𝑽(𝒙
̅ ) < 𝑽(𝒙
̃)

→ 𝐿𝑎 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎 𝑚𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝒙
̅ 𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑛 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑎́ 𝑠 𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒´𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝜇