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ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING

CENG 3103
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Instructor – Abraham Assefa (Eng.) Nov. 2009
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
Course Outline
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1. Introduction 5. Building Construction Elements


Foundation and Basement
2. Building Drawings  Floors
3. Building Structural Systems  Exterior and Interior Closures:
 Reinforced Concrete Structures Walls
 Stairs
 Steel Framed Structures
Elevators
 Prefabricated Building  Doors and Windows
Systems  Roofs
 Shell and Dome Structures  Finishing
4. Planning of Buildings  Damp – Prevention
 Fire Places
5. Building Construction Formwork and Scaffolding
Elements Sanitary Systems
6. Health and Safety in Fire and Life Protection
Building Construction Mechanical Systems
Electrical Systems
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
Chapter 3 – Building Structural Systems
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 Presentation Outline
 3.1 Introduction

 3.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures

 3.3 Steel Framed Structures

 3.4 Wood Structures

 3.5 Masonry Structures

 3.6 Prefabricated Building Systems

 3.6 Shell and Dome Structures


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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Building Structural Systems – greatly depend on materials and


the expected force systems.
Based on force systems structural elements can be classified into:
Foundation – Footing, Pile
Column –
Beam –
Truss –
Arch –
Dome, Shell –
Plate –
Membrane -
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Structural
load
transformat
ion has
become
more and
more
complex
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Beams
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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TRUSS
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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TRUSS
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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ARCH
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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VAULT
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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DOME
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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SHELL
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Structure: Guiding Principles of Analysis and Design


Lightness
Maximum Lightness achieved by minimum use of materials.
Maximum Diversity/Minimum Inventory
Element design.
Construction Logic
Awareness and optimization of the construction sequence.
Economy
Constraints are good
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Lightness
Maximum
Diversity/Minimum
Inventory – Element and
Joint Design
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Common Structural Materials – RC, STEEL, WOOD, PREFAB, SHELL


AND DOME
 New Possibilities
 Materials - Composites
 Glass
FOUR SYSTEM
 Carbon Fiber
INTEGRATION
 Cellulose
 Panels: e.g. stress skin

 Processes
 Concrete
 Tilt-Up Slab
 Rapid Curing
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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Common Structural Materials – CONCRETE (PLAIN AND RC), STEEL,


WOOD, MASONRY
 New Possibilities
 Materials - Composites
 Glass
 Carbon Fiber
 Cellulose
 Panels: e.g. stress skin

 Processes
 Concrete
 Tilt-Up Slab
 Rapid Curing
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.1 Introduction
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.2 Reinforced Concrete Structures
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Reinforced Concrete - Ethiopia


 Concrete Issues
 Strength in Tension
 Strength in Compression
 Ductility
 CO2 generation
 Durability
 Quality Control

 Concrete Advantageous
 Form Requirements
 Availability of Materials
 Construction Expertise requirement
 Developments – SCC, Ductile Concrete, Composite Concrete
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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 Class of elements distinguished from other


 Metals are materials by:
commonly used  Ductility
in building  Malleability
structures  Hardness
 Primary  Conductivity
Architectural  Ability to form alloys
Metals  Qualities of appearance

 Steel  STEEL STRUCTURES

 Stainless steel  Material Properties and Applications of various steels


 Three types
 Aluminum
 1.Carbon steels
 Copper  2.High-strength low-alloy steels
 Zinc  3.Alloy steels

 Lead composites
CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.3 Steel Framed Structures
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.4 Wood Structures
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The use of wood extends back in time longer than any other
material.
In fact, wood represents both the original material of building
as well as the earliest source of energy.
Once abundant it is now, for the most part a managed
resource.
But is mostly underused
Structural Morphology
i. Solid Load Bearing Wall
ii. Timber Frame
iii. Balloon and Platform Framing
iv. Stress-Skin Systems Structural Types
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CEng 3103 – Building Construction
3.5 Masonry Structures
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 Must act in compression (no


resistance to tension)
 Very high compressive
strength
 Design is a problem of form
 Stability and not strength limits
masonry
 Thrust line: line of forces acting
within a
 masonry structure to ensure
that
 compression is maintained

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