As shown in Figure 9, the stator has six magnetic poles and the rotor has two poles.

At time 1, stator
poles A-1 and C-2 are north poles and the opposite poles, A-2 and C-1, are south poles. The S-pole of
the rotor is attracted by the two N-poles of the stator and the two south poles of the stator attract
the N-pole of the rotor. At time 2, the polarity of the stator poles is changed so that now C-2 and B-1
and N-poles and C-1 and B-2 are S-poles. The rotor then is forced to rotate 60 degrees to line up with
the stator poles as shown. At time 3, B-1 and A-2 are N. At time 4, A-2 and C-1 are N. As each change
is made, the opposite poles on the stator attract the poles of the rotor. Thus, as the magnetic field of
the stator rotates, the rotor is forced to rotate with it.

s shown in Figure 9, the stator has six magnetic poles and the rotor has two poles. At time 1, stator
poles A-1 and C-2 are north poles and the opposite poles, A-2 and C-1, are south poles. The S-pole of
the rotor is attracted by the two N-poles of the stator and the two south poles of the stator attract
the N-pole of the rotor. At time 2, the polarity of the stator poles is changed so that now C-2 and B-1
and N-poles and C-1 and B-2 are S-poles. The rotor then is forced to rotate 60 degrees to line up with
the stator poles as shown. At time 3, B-1 and A-2 are N. At time 4, A-2 and C-1 are N. As each change
is made, the opposite poles on the stator attract the poles of the rotor. Thus, as the magnetic field of
the stator rotates, the rotor is forced to rotate with it.
Figure 12 shows how the rotating magnetic field is produced within an AC Motor. At time 1, the
current flow in the phase "A" poles is positive and pole A-1 is N. The current flow in the phase "C"
poles is negative, making C-2 a N-pole and C-1 is S. There is no current flow in phase "B", so these
poles are not magnetized. At time 2, the phases have shifted 60 degrees, making poles C-2 and B-1
both N and C-1 and B-2 both S. Thus, as the phases shift their current flow, the resultant N and S
poles move clockwise around the stator, producing a rotating magnetic field. The rotor acts like a bar
magnet, being pulled along by the rotating magnetic field.

Parts of Induction Motors

An induction motor is a type of electric motor that converts electric power into rotary motion.
An induction motor uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to cause the rotor to turn.
The induction motor was created and patented by Nikola Tesla in 1888. Electric current is
supplied to the stator, which induces a magnetic field that rotates. The rotating magnetic field
interacts with the rotor, inducing current in the rotor. The interaction of the two magnetic
fields results in a torque, turning the rotor within the motor casing. Because the induction
motor does not use brushes like DC motors, there is less wear of the internal parts.
A.C. MOTOR CONSTRUCTION:

The A.C. Induction Motor has three main parts, rotor, stator and enclosure. The stator and
rotor do the work and the enclosure protects the rotor and stator.

STATOR CORE:

The stator is the stationary part of the motor’s electromagnetic circuit and is made up of
thin metal sheets, called laminations. Laminations are used to reduce energy losses that would result
if a solid core was used. Stator laminations are stacked together forming a hollow cylinder to reduce
eddy current and hysteresis losses.

STATOR WINDINGS:

Coils of insulated wire are inserted into slots of the stator core. When the assembled motor
is in operation, the stator windings are connected directly to the power source. Each grouping of
coils together with the steel core it surrounds becomes an electromagnet when current is applied.
Induction is the basic principal behind motor operation.

ROTOR CONSTRUCTION:

The rotor is the rotating part of the motor’s electromagnetic circuit. The most common type
of rotor used in a three phase induction motor is a squirrel cage rotor. The squirrel cage rotor is so
called because its construction is reminiscent of the rotating exercise wheel found in some pet
cages. A squirrel cage rotor core is made by stacking thin steel laminations to form a cylinder. Rather
than using coils of wire as conductors, conductor bars are die case into the slots evenly spaced
around the cylinder. Most squirrel cage rotors are made by die casting aluminum to form the
conductor bars. After die casting, rotor conductor bars are mechanically and electrically connected
with end rings. The rotor is then pressed onto a steel shaft to form a rotor assembly.

ENCLOSURE:

The enclosure consists of a frame and two end bells (or bearing housings) the stator is
mounted inside the frame. The rotor fits inside the stator with a slight air gap separating it from the
stator. There is no physical connection between the rotor and the stator. The enclosure protects the
internal parts of the motor from water and other environmental elements. The degree of protection
depends of the type of enclosure.

BEARINGS AND FAN:

 Bearings mounted on the shaft, support the rotor and allow it to turn. Some motors use a
fan also mounted on the rotor shaft to cool the motor when the shaft is rotating.
Dynamos produce a direct current that flows in the same direction. In comparison, alternators
produce an alternating current, which constantly changes directions.

An alternator is a charging system for cars that produces electricity. Generators are used in
the production of large-scale electricity

In an alternator, electricity is produced when a magnetic field spins inside the stator
(windings of wire). In a generator, on the other hand, the armature or windings of wire spin
inside a fixed magnetic field to generate electricity.
In an alternator, electricity is produced when a magnetic field spins inside the stator
(windings of wire). On the other hand, the armature or the windings of wire in a generator
spin inside a fixed magnetic field to generate electricity.
2.Alternators conserve energy by using only the energy that is needed. Generators use all the
energy that is produced.
3.Alternators produce voltage when needed and generators produce voltage at all times.
4.Alternators generate a higher output than generators.

in the genrator the armature winding consist on rotor and field winding consist on stator. but
alternatour is opposite for genratour in the alternator armature winding consist on stator and
field winding consist on rotor.

Dynamos produced direct current, while generators produce electric current

• Dynamos made use of commutators to convert alternating current into direct current as they
were meant to produce power as a replacement of batteries

• Generators make us of solid state electronic AC to DC conversion instead of commutators.

Take out the commutator from the dynamo, and it becomes an alternator.

• Whereas dynamos produce direct current, alternators produce alternating current

An alternator gives same performance at all speeds whereas a dynamo produces good current at
high speeds.
alternators produce AC which is rectified by diodes if DC is needed.
dynamos produce DC by using a commutator

Dynamos produce a direct current DCthat flows in the same direction.

In comparison, alternators produce an alternating current AC, which constantly changes directions