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NEWS
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TECHNICOLOR VIEWS
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President’s Message
By DR. HERBERT T. KALMUS
in its evolution from black and white to dom from grain of TECHNICOLOR prints laboratories over the world.
color. During those years TECHNICOLOR manufactured from both large area and
TECHNICOLOR'S TECHNI-
British plant,
developed many methods of manufact- normal size area negatives.
COLOR LIMITED, at London, has been in
uring color motion picture release prints
These researches and this develop- existence since 1936.
which have gone through many stages
ment work which TECHNICOLOR is now
of improvement all tailored for best
undertaking has been in process for
effect in the theatres with screens up to
something like a year. TECHNICOLOR
something 35 feet
like in width.
hopes and expects to complete this work TECHNICOLOR
TECHNICOLOR recognized that
early some time during this year as a means of
it must serve the industry with the best continuing to be of greatest possible
NEWS & VIEWS
and least expensive prints in color which service to the motion picture industry. Vol. XVI September, 1 954 No. 1
would satisfy these new large screen re- Published from time to time by
quirements. Consequently it immediately Technicolor Motion Picture Corp.
embarked upon research and develop- THE COVER HERBERT T. KALMUS, President
ment projects to that end. 6311 Romaine Street
Upper —Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation,
Hollywood 38, California
At the outset, about two years ago, Hollywood
Margaret
in the very early conferences among Lower —Technicolor Limited, London
Ettinger, Editor
— TWO —
Hi;
TECHNICOLOR'S HALL OF FAME
No. 1 0 of a series of color portraits of distinguished stars who
appear in Color by TECHNICOLOR productions.
EXHIBITORS, ATTENTION! This full-page color portrait of beautiful RHONDA FLEMING is the tenth in a series of such portraits suitable for framing
for your theatre lobby, of motion picture stars who have added luster to films in Color by TECHNICOLOR, and so have won a place in the TECHNI-
COLOR HALL OF FAME. Miss Fleming is currently appearing in "Yankee Pasha," a Universal-International production in color by TECHNICOLOR.
8-PERFORATION AREA RED IMAGE BLUE IMAGE GREEN IMAGE
(VISTAVISION)
The Technicolor Three-Color Camera uses three strips of negative film and incorporates a prism
Technicolor has modified some of its three color cameras so in the optical system to divide the light. Two of the films with emulsion surfaces in contact are
that a single strip of color negative film may be used. In these placed in the camera at a right angle tc the lens axis. The front film receives the BLUE image
modified cameras the film runs past the camera aperture hori- and the rear film receives the RED image. The third film is placed directly in back of the prism
zontally and an area corresponding to eight perforations (or and receives the GREEN image. The negatives after processing appear as above.
two normal frame areas) is exposed. The negative image area
is then optically printed in reduced size.
FIGURE 1
color motion picture negative which, con- magnetic sound tracks. Such release procedures which are uniquely depend-
trary to custom, moves horizontally prints can, of course, be projected on ent upon steps in current TECHNICOLOR
through a camera. The scenes are re- any screen including large screens, and techniques. The new method is already
corded on an area equal to two full in any aspect ratio from 1.33 to or to 1 in operation in moderate volume at the
frames of normal motion picture nega- any larger ratio desired. Since these new Hollywood plant.
SUCCESSIVE FRAME NEGATIVE
tive. improved TECHNICOLOR dye transfer re- After successful camera tests com-
Working from such a double frame lease prints are of normal size and posi- bined with tests of the TECHNICOLOR The Successive Frame process, used in most animated
cartoon photography, uses one strip of black and
negative the TECHNICOLOR laboratory tion in every respect no special projection laboratory procedure, Paramount Studios white negative. In front of the camera lens is
is manufacturing 35mm TECHNICOLOR lens in the theatre is necessary. decided to photograph their high-budget mounted a wheel containing three filters — BLUE,
dye transfer release prints of normal size TECHNICOLOR has been working on production “White Christmas" using this GREEN and RED. This wheel rotates as each scene
is photographed three times on successive frames
and position, which may be combined the new system for more than a year, process, thus being the first to use it on through each of the three color filters. The negative
with either photographic or multiple resulting in the introduction of laboratory a feature picture. therefore is three times as long as the finished print.
— F O U R — — FIVE —
With the current evolution of motion
pictures to various types of wide screen iiiMiiaiiiiii • • •
and three-dimensional techniques, great
additional importance accrues to the
techniques of color motion picture pho-
tography.
Within the past two years photo-
graphic techniques have been altered in
two ways: New negative materials have
been introduced and new aspect ratios
1 • l l ••••••a a a a
for recording negative images have been 8-PERFORATION AREA RED IMAGE BLUE IMAGE
(VISTAVISION)
developed. The Technicolor Three-Color Camera uses three strips of negativi
Technicolor has modified some of its three color cameras so in the optical system to divide the light. Two of the films with
The new negative materials are, gen- that a single strip of color negative film may be used. In these
<
placed in the camera at a right angle to the lens axis. The froi
erally speaking, color negatives. modified cameras the film runs past the camera aperture hori- and the rear film receives the RED image. The third film is plac
zontally and an area corresponding to eight perforations (or and receives the GREEN image. The negatives after processing a
The aspect ratio (which means relation
two normal frame areas) is exposed. The negative image area
of picture width to height) had been set- is then optically printed in reduced size.
COLOR NEGATIVE
There are several color negative films
EASTMAN COLOR NEGATIVE ANSCO COLOR NEGATIVE ANAMC
(Cl
manufactured by different companies Eastman Color Negative has only one strip of film Ansco Color Negative has only one strip of film
surfaced with three layers of emulsion, each being surfaced with three layers of emulsion, each being For CinemaScope, the
throughout the United States and Europe. sensitive to a different primary color. This film can sensitive to a different primary color. This film can in the same manner
These negative films can be used in an be used in a conventional 35mm camera. (Normal be used in a conventional 35mm camera. (Normal esses except the imat
ordinary black and white camera and aspect ratio shown.) aspect ratio shown.) means of a special lei
—FOUR—
Current Zeckniques of Color
With the current evolution of motion
pictures to various types of wide screen
and three-dimensional techniques, great
liiiimiiiiiiMil
additional importance accrues to the
techniques of color motion picture pho-
tography.
Within the past two years photo-
graphic techniques have been altered in
New negative materials have •
p • • i
two ways:
been introduced and new aspect ratios
for recording negative images have been
8-PERFORATION AREA RED IMAGE
(VISTAVISION)
developed. The Technicolor Three-Color Camera use
Technicolor has modified some of its three color cameras so in the optical system to divide the light
The new negative materials are, gen- that a single strip of color negative film may be used. In these placed in the camera at a right angle I
erally speaking, color negatives. modified cameras the film runs past the camera aperture hori- and the rear film receives the RED imac
zontally and an area corresponding to eight perforations (or and receives the GREEN image. The neg
The aspect ratio (which means relation
two normal frame areas) is exposed. The negative image area
of picture width to height) had been set- is then optically printed in reduced size.
COLOR NEGATIVE
EASTMAN COLOR NEGATIVE ANSCO COLOR NEGATIVE
There are several color negative films
manufactured by different companies Eastman Color Negative has only one strip of film Ansco Color Negative has only one strip of film
surfaced with three layers of emulsion, each being surfaced with three layers of emulsion, each being
throughout the United States and Europe. sensitive to a different primary color. This film can sensitive to a different primary color. This film can
These negative films can be used in an be used in a conventional 35mm camera. (Normal be used in a conventional 35mm camera. (Normal
ordinary black and white camera and aspect ratio shown.) aspect ratio shown.)
by different colors of light. Generally, frames of normal motion picture nega- any larger ratio desired. Since these new
color negative films have a filter layer tive. improved TECHNICOLOR dye transfer re-
between the top two emulsions. Where Working from such a double frame lease prints are of normal size and posi-
the color sensitivity
is not complete, this negative the TECHNICOLOR laboratory tion in every respect no special projection
filter aidsseparating unwanted colors
in is manufacturing 35mm TECHNICOLOR lens in the theatre is necessary.
from a particular emulsion. dye transfer release prints of normal size TECHNICOLOR has been working on
In the United States the most widely and position, which may be combined the new system for more than a year,
used color negatives are Eastman and with either photographic or multiple resulting in the introduction of laboratory
Ansco. In Europe in addition to these
two are Agfacolor, Gevacolor and Fer-
raniacolor. The TECHNICOLOR labora-
tories, in both United States and Eng-
land, manufacture release prints from
all of these color negative systems.
— FOUR —
Motion Picture Photography
THREE-STRIP NEGATIVE
When color motion pictures are photo-
graphed by the three-strip method, a
special camera is used. These cameras
are manufactured by TECHNICOLOR and
are furnished to the motion picture pro-
ducer. They are available to him upon
demand at his studio or on location.
This camera is unique. It is the only
BLUE IMAGE GREEN IMAGE one used commercially in which three
strips of motion picture film are success-
es three strips of negative film and incorporates a prism
it. Two of the films with emulsion surfaces in contact are
fully exposed simultaneously to exactly
tc the lens axis. The front film receives the BLUE image the same scene. The strips of film in this
ige. The third film is placed directly in back of the prism camera are negative films and each re-
gatives after processing appear as above.
cords a specific color aspect of a given
scene. As seen in Figure 1, green light
coming from a scene is transmitted
through the lens of the camera and
thence through a special light-dividing
FIGURE 1 prism. It is recorded on a negative film
which is particularly sensitive to green
KODACHROME
Similar to color negative, 16mm color positive film
has three layers of emulsion, each sensitive to a
different primary color —
red, green and blue. The
commercial film is low in contrast and differs from
— FIVE —
Zecknicolor
* denotes Print by Technicolor Saadia (British) —
others Color by Technicolor. Saracen Blade, The — M-G-M
— Columbia
all
Saskatchewan Univ.-lnt'l
Scarlet Spear (British) — United Artists
CURRENTLY RELEASED Secret of the Incas — Paramount
Siege of Red River — Panoram 20th Century-Fox
All the Brothers
Annapurna
Were Valiant
(British) — Mayer-Kingsley -M-G-M Silver Lode —Bogeaus, RKO
— RKO
Susan Slept Here
Apache — Linden, United Artists Tanganyika — Univ.-lnt'l
Arrow in the Dust •
H. Goetz, Allied Artists
— Columbia Taza, Son of Cochise — Univ.-lnt'l
Battle of
Beachhead
Rogue River
— Schenck, United Artists
Tennessee Champ — M-G-M
— 20th
Black Horse Canyon — Univ.-lnt'l
Three Coins in the Fountain
— Warner Century-Fox
Dangerous Mission
—
— RKO Valley of the Kings
A.B.P.C., Stratford
— M-G-M
Demetrius and the Gladiators
Dial M for Murder
20th Century-Fox
Bros.— Warner Yankee Pasha — Univ.-lnt'l
"DEMETRIUS AND THE GLADIATORS" Drums Across the River Univ.-lnt'l — TO BE RELEASED
Twentieth Century-Fox Drums of Tahiti — Columbia
Elephant Walk — Paramount Adam And Athena
Barefoot Contessa (British)
M-G-M
Flame and the Flesh, The (British)
— M-G-M British Studios Ltd.
— Figaro, Inc. (Rome), United Artists
French Line — RKO Beachcomber, The (British)
—
London Independent Producers Ltd., United Artists
Gambler from Natchez
— Bengal Brigade Univ.-lnt'l—
Garden of Evil
Panoramic, 20th Century-Fox
— Big Rainbow, The RKO —
20th Century-Fox
— Black Dakotas, The Columbia —
Glenn Miller Story, The Univ.-lnt'l
Black Knight, The (British) —
Warwick, Columbia
Golden Coach, The (British)
— Black Shield of Falworth — Univ.-lnt'l
Panaria, United Artists
-— Panoramic, 20th Century-Fox Bridges of Toko-Ri, The — Paramount
Gorilla at Large
— M-G-M Is Waiting, A —
— RKO Welsch,
Gypsy Colt Bullet
Helland Water
High — 20th Century-Fox Chief Crazy Horse
— Cinerama Univ.-lnt'l
Univ.-lnt'l
Law
(British)
— Columbia
Kid, The Far Country, The — Univ.-lnt'l
Living
vs. Billy the
Desert, The— Buena — Disney, Father's Doing Fine (British) — A.B.P.C., Stratford
“JIVARO" Paramount
— Paramount
Vista
Over Africa —
Living UpIt
Magnificent Obsession —
York, Fire
Four Guns to the Border
(British)
— Columbia Univ.-lnt'l
Men Lady
of the Fighting — M-G-M Univ.-lnt'l
Golden Mistress — R-K Prods., Inc. United Artists
Naked Jungle, The — Paramount Green Fire — M-G-M
,
Son of Sinbad
Is
— RKO Boy and the Bull, The
— Documento Rome King Bros.
——
Vanishing Prairie, The Disney, Buena Vista •
Allied Artists
Violent Men
We're No Angels
Columbia
Paramount — Lewis and Clark — Cinerama
Lorenzo the Magnificent (British) Copa, Columbia -
West of Zanzibar (British)
— Madame — Gallone
Butterfly (British) (Rome)
G.F.D, Ealing, Univ.-lnt'l
— Paramount Man —
White Christmas
—
Laramie
from
Purple Mask, The — Columbia Univ.-lnt'l
Woman's World 20th Century-Fox
— Red Blizzard — Montgomery
Wyoming Outlaws
— Columbia Robin Hood, Outlaw — Columbia
Yellow Mountain Univ.-lnt'l Rose Tattoo — Paramount Wallis,
You Know What Sailors Are
— (British) Safari (British) — Warwick, Columbia
G.F.D., United Artists Bad Men —
Seven
SiluriUmani (British) — NatRome Titanus,
Holt
Short Subjects
Log Rollers — 20th-Fox
Terrytoons, Rugged Bear —
Disney, RKO
— Runaway Mouse —
— W.B. M-G-M
Looking at Lisbon Terrytoons, 20th-Fox
Lumber Jack Rabbit
FitzPatrick,
Cartoons Satisfied Customers — Terrytoons, 20th-Fox
Magoo Goes Skiing — United Prods., Col. Seapreme Court — Famous, Par.
Magoo Slept Here — United Prods., Col. Sea Sports of Tahiti — Warner Bros.
No Barking — W.B. Cartoons Seeing Spain — M-G-M
FitzPatrick,
No Parking Hare — W.B. Cartoons Shaving Muggs — Famous, Par.
"RHAPSODY" M-G-M
— SEVEN —
M.G.M. PRESENTS RHAPSODY
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RKO Pan — Minneapolis - — RKO Theatres — — Loew's State Cleveland Loews Inc. Indiana — Indianapolis — Greater Indianapolis Theatres
Karl Thiede
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Media History Digital Library
www.mediahistoryproject.org