Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
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1 Plaintiff Spyderco, Inc. ("Spyderco") files this Complaint against Defendants iOffer, Inc.
3 I. THE PARTIES
4 1. Spyderco is a Colorado corporation, having its principal place of business at 820
6 2. Upon information and belief, iOffer, Inc. is a California corporation in good standing
7 that owns and operates the website www.ioffer.com, an online retail store and marketplace. iOffer
8 Corporation is a Nevada corporation in good standing that owns and operates the website
9 www.ioffer.com (collectively, “iOffer”). The President and Chief Executive Officer of iOffer is
10 Ryan Boyce. iOffer’s principal place of business is 82 South Park Street, San Francisco, California
11 94107.
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12 3. iOffer is subject to process by serving its Registered Agent, Alan Korn, who is
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13 located at the Law Office of Alan Korn, 1840 Woolsey Street, Berkeley, California 94703. iOffer
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15 4. iOffer operates an interactive website which functions as an online retail store and
16 marketplace. That website has a domain of www.ioffer.com, is owned by iOffer and was first
17 established in 1998. Information listed on the website and its interactive functionality is
22 trademarks (15 U.S.C. § 1051, et seq.), violation of California Business and Professions Code (§
23 17200, et seq.), civil conspiracy, and infringement of Spyderco's federally-issued U.S. design patent
25 6. This Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter of this action pursuant to 15 U.S.C.
26 § 1121 and 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1338. The Court has supplemental jurisdiction over Spyderco's
27 state law claims under 28 U.S.C. § 1367, as they are so related to the federal claims that they form
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COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
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1 7. iOffer has general minimum contacts with this judicial district by having its principal
2 place of business in this judicial district, by being a California corporation, by transacting business
3 within California, and by placing infringing products into the stream of commerce with the
4 knowledge or understanding that such products are sold in the State of California, including in this
6 8. Venue over this action is proper in this Court under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1391(b) and (c) and
7 under 28 U.S.C. § 1400(b) because iOffer resides in this judicial district, iOffer has committed acts
8 of infringement in this judicial district, and iOffer has a regular and established place of business in
12 9. Spyderco is engaged in the business of, among other things, designing, developing,
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13 manufacturing and distributing knives and knife accessories. Many of these products are
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14 manufactured at Spyderco's Golden, Colorado facility, and all its business operations occur out of
15 that facility. Spyderco and its products are recognized by the knife industry as being among the
16 very best in quality and distinctiveness in the world. (See Ex. A, which is incorporated herein by
17 this reference.) Spyderco's business and product reputation are among its most prized business
18 assets.
19 10. One of Spyderco's most recognized and iconic knives is known as the Military and
20 that product name is included on packaging and marketing collateral for the product. Information
23 herein by this reference. These knives come in a variety of styles and have been sold for more than
24 a decade. Example photographs of Spyderco’s Military model knives are set forth below:
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7 Many of the Military model knives are shipped in Spyderco’s Product Packaging with a
8 promotional insert letter from Spyderco explaining the history and background of the Military
9 knife model. An image of the packaging and a copy of the promotional insert letter accompanying
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1 11. A second popular Spyderco knife sold by Spyderco is known as the Domino and that
2 product name is included on packaging and marketing collateral for the product. Information about
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17 Many of the Domino model knives are shipped in Spyderco’s Product Packaging with a promotional
18 insert letter from Spyderco explaining the history and background of the Domino knife model. A
19 copy of the promotional insert letter accompanying the Domino model knives is set forth below:
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15 12. Another popular Spyderco knife sold by Spyderco is known as the Matriarch and that
16 product name is included on packaging and marketing collateral for the product. Information about
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1 Many of the Matriarch model knives are shipped in Spyderco’s Product Packaging with a
2 promotional insert letter from Spyderco explaining the history and background of the Matriarch
3 knife model. Copies of the promotional insert and letter accompanying Matriarch knives are set
4 forth below:
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19 13. Another knife sold by Spyderco is known as the Jot Singh Khalsa and that product
20 name is included on packaging and marketing collateral for the product. Information about the Jot
22 catalog/details/C40G/840 and that information is incorporated herein by this reference. The Jot
23 Singh Khalsa knife is a limited-edition knife designed in collaboration with knifemaker, Jot Singh
24 Khalsa in 2000. A photograph of the Jot Singh Khalsa knife is set forth below:
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12 The Jot Singh Khalsa knife is shipped in Spyderco’s Product Packaging with a promotional insert
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13 letter from Spyderco explaining the history and background of the Jot Singh Khalsa knife. A copy
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14 of the promotional insert letter accompanying Jot Singh Khalsa knives is set forth below:
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23 14. The blade of an authentic Spyderco Matriarch knife is made of a specific type of
24 steel: VG-10. “Its SpyderEdge VG-10 stainless steel blade is scientifically designed to maximize
26 authentic Matriarch knives are manufactured in Seki City, Japan. The blade of an authentic
27 Matriarch knife says “SEKI-CITY JAPAN” on one side and “SPYDERCO VG-10” on the other
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11 15. The blade of an authentic Spyderco Domino knife is made of a specific type of steel:
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12 CTS-XHP®. “Its full-flat-ground blade is machined from premium CTS XHP steel . . . .”
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13 (https://www.spyderco.com/catalog/details/C172CFTI/839).
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14 manufactured in Taiwan. The blade of an authentic Domino knife says “TAICHUNG TAWAIN”
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25 16. Spyderco also, for some years, has packaged and shipped all its knives in boxes
26 bearing its federally registered trade dress, detailed below in Paragraph 21. Photographs of the
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17 17. The manufacturer's suggested retail price ("MSRP") for authentic Spyderco Military
18 branded knives is between $259.95 and $399.95; the MSRP for an authentic Domino branded knife
19 is $339.95; the MSRP for an authentic Matriarch branded knife is between $139.95 and $172.95;
20 and the MSRP for an authentic Jot Singh Khalsa knife is $299.95.
23 1,965,458 for “SPYDERCO” in International Class 8 (U.S. Classes 23, 28 and 44) for folding knives
24 (the "Spyderco Mark"). A true and accurate copy of the Spyderco Mark registration is attached
25 hereto as Ex. B, which is incorporated herein by this reference. Based upon Spyderco's continuous
26 non-interrupted use of that trademark for years in interstate commerce, relevant consumers have
27 come to associate it exclusively with Spyderco, who thus also acquired strong common law
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COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
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1 trademark rights in and to the Spyderco Mark long before iOffer, who, without authorization, used
3 19. Spyderco is also the owner of now incontestable U.S. Trademark Registration No.
6 1,957,810 for in International Class 8 (U.S. Classes 23, 28 and 44) for knives (the
7 "Bug Mark"). A true and accurate copy of the Bug Mark registration is attached hereto as Ex. C,
8 which is incorporated herein by this reference. Based upon Spyderco's continuous non-interrupted
9 use of that trademark for years in interstate commerce, relevant consumers have come to associate
10 it exclusively with Spyderco, who thus acquired strong common law trademark rights in and to the
11 Bug Mark long before iOffer, who, without authorization, used the identical mark on visually nearly
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12 identical knives.
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13 20. Spyderco is the owner of now incontestable U.S. Trademark Registration No.
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17 2,033,317 for in International Class 8 (U.S. Classes 23, 28 and 44) for folding
18 knives (the "Round Hole Mark"). A true and accurate copy of the Round Hole Mark registration is
19 attached hereto as Ex. D, which is incorporated herein by this reference. Based upon Spyderco's
20 continuous non-interrupted use of that trademark for years in interstate commerce, relevant
21 consumers have come to associate it exclusively with Spyderco, who thus acquired strong common
22 law trademark rights in and to the Round Hole Mark long before iOffer, who, without authorization,
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25 21. Spyderco is the owner of U.S. Trademark Registration No. 4,884,288 for
26 in International Class 8 (U.S. Classes, 23, 28 and 44) for knife sharpeners; knives; sharpening stones
27 (the “Product Packaging Mark”). A true and accurate copy of the Product Packaging Mark
28 registration is attached hereto as Ex. E, which is incorporated herein by this reference. Based upon
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Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 16 of 37
1 Spyderco’s continuous non-interrupted use of that trademark for years in interstate commerce,
2 relevant consumers have come to associate it exclusively with Spyderco, who thus acquired strong
3 common law trademark rights in and to the Product Packaging Mark long before iOffer, who,
4 without authorization, used the identical mark on visually identical product packaging for visually
7 22. Spyderco is the owner of U.S. Trademark Registration No. 5,236,430 for
8 in International Class 8 (U.S. Classes 23, 28 and 44) for knives (the “Eric Signature Tag Mark”). A
9 true and accurate copy of the Eric Signature Tag Mark registration is attached hereto as Ex. F, which
10 is incorporated herein by this reference. Based upon Spyderco’s continuous non-interrupted use of
11 that trademark for years in interstate commerce, relevant consumers have come to associate it
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12 exclusively with Spyderco, who thus acquired strong common law trademark rights in and to the
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13 Eric Signature Tag Mark long before iOffer, who, without authorization, used a nearly identical
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15 23. The Spyderco Mark, the Bug Mark, the Round Hole Mark, the Product Packaging
16 Mark, and the Eric Signature Tag Mark will collectively be referred to below as the "MARKS."
20 with significant commercial success and consumer recognition. Because of this success and years
21 of superior product development and customer service, Spyderco has developed substantial and
22 significant consumer recognition, trust, loyalty, and goodwill in and to its successful MILITARY
23 trademark. Based upon Spyderco's continuous, non-interrupted use of that designation for more
24 than a decade in interstate commerce, relevant consumers have come to associate it exclusively with
25 Spyderco, who acquired strong common law trademark rights in and to MILITARY long before
26 iOffer.
27 25. Spyderco has marketed and sold a variety of unique folding knife products for at least
28 four years under and in connection with the designation “DOMINO.” These knives have been met
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Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 17 of 37
1 with commercial success and consumer recognition. Because of this success and years of superior
2 product development and customer service, Spyderco has developed substantial and significant
3 consumer recognition, trust, loyalty, and goodwill in and to its successful DOMINO brand. Based
4 upon Spyderco's continuous, non-interrupted use of that brand for more than a decade in interstate
5 commerce, relevant consumers have come to associate it exclusively with Spyderco, who has thus
6 acquired strong common law trademark rights in and to DOMINO long before iOffer.
7 26. Spyderco has marketed and sold a variety of unique folding knife products for at least
8 a decade under and in connection with the designation “MATRIARCH.” These knives have been
9 met with commercial success and consumer recognition. Because of this success and years of
10 superior product development and customer service, Spyderco has developed substantial and
11 significant consumer recognition, trust, loyalty, and goodwill in and to its successful MATRIARCH
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12 brand. Based upon Spyderco's continuous, non-interrupted use of that brand for more than a decade
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13 in interstate commerce, relevant consumers have come to associate it exclusively with Spyderco,
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14 who has thus acquired strong common law trademark rights in and to MATRIARCH long before
15 iOffer.
16 27. The trademarks discussed in paragraphs 24-26 hereof will collectively be referred to
20 D753,459 entitled “Folding Knife” (“the 'D459 Patent”) to Spyderco. A true and correct copy of the
21 'D459 Patent is attached hereto as Exhibit K and incorporated herein by this reference. Spyderco is
22 the owner of all right, title, and interest in and to the 'D459 Patent, including the right to sue and
26 internationally. Included in the products for sale on the iOffer website at www.ioffer.com are a
27 number of different model “Spyderco” knives, which are herein incorporated by reference.
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COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
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1 30. Spyderco purchased two knives from the iOffer website at www.ioffer.com. One of
2 the knives was named and listed by iOffer on its website as “SPYDERCO C41CTS TACTICAL
3 HUNTING FOLDING KNIVES.” A copy of the product listing for this knife from www.ioffer.com
4 is attached hereto as Ex. G, which is incorporated herein by this reference. The other knife was
5 named and listed by iOffer on its website as “SPYDERCO KNIVES TACTICAL FOLDING
6 MULTI NAVAJAS CAMPING.” A copy of the product listing for this knife from www.ioffer.com
7 is attached hereto as Ex. H, which is incorporated herein by this reference. Screenshots of the
8 product listings showing the purchased knives are provided below in addition to images of the
9 purchased knives.
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1 31. Based upon the sale prices, Spyderco believed that the knives purchased from the
2 iOffer website were not authentic. The “SPYDERCO C41CTS TACTICAL HUNTING FOLDING
3 KNIVES” knife offered by iOffer has a sale of price $30.00. The corresponding Spyderco Domino
4 knife has an MSRP of $339.95. The “SPYDERCO KNIVES TACTICAL FOLDING MULTI
5 NAVAJAS CAMPING” knife offered by iOffer has a sale of price $23.62. The corresponding
7 32. Upon information and belief, the knives being offered for sale by and being sold by
8 iOffer as Spyderco knives are made of inferior materials and have an inferior build quality. These
9 knives will not perform as advertised and will fail in use much more quickly than an authentic
10 Spyderco Matriarch or Domino knife. When they fail early and/or do not perform as expected, the
11 original purchaser and/or a subsequent purchaser, another acquirer or just a person viewing
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12 unflattering use of the knives, will think less of Spyderco and the quality of Spyderco products.
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13 Spyderco's reputation is a prized business asset, and the reputational loss visited upon Spyderco by
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14 iOffer’s sale of the knives, which is completely out of Spyderco's control, could result in significant
16 33. 35 U.S.C. §1116(d)(1)(B)(i) & (ii) defines a counterfeit designation as any symbol
17 used on a good sold in interstate commerce that is identical to or substantially indistinguishable from
18 a symbol that is registered on the Principle Register of the United States. Knowledge of the
19 registration is irrelevant. The “SPYDERCO C41CTS TACTICAL HUNTING FOLDING” knife
20 and the “SPYDERCO KNIVES TACTICAL FOLDING MULTI NAVAJAS CAMPING” knife
21 sold by iOffer include the identical Spyderco Mark, Bug Mark, Round Hole Mark, and Product
22 Packaging Mark, all of which are registered on the Principle Trademark Register of the United
23 States. The “SPYDERCO C41CTS TACTICAL HUNTING FOLDING” knife sold by iOffer also
24 includes a mark substantially indistinguishable from the Eric Signature Tag Mark, which is
25 registered on the Principle Trademark Register of the United States. iOffer’s unauthorized
26 advertisement, offer for sale and sale of those knives thus constitutes distribution in interstate
27 commerce of counterfeit goods under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(c). Those knives will hereafter be referred
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1 34. iOffer imports, uses, offers to sell, and sells the “SPYDERCO C41CTS TACTICAL
2 HUNTING FOLDING KNIVES” that infringe Spyderco's 'D459 Patent. Table 1 illustrates iOffer's
3 infringement by comparing figures from the 'D459 Patent with exemplary images of the
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9 Patent and Spyderco's Domino knife. The designs are so similar as to be nearly identical such that
10 an ordinary observer, giving such attention as a purchaser usually gives, would be so deceived by
11 the substantial similarity between the designs to be induced to purchase iOffer's products believing
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12 them to be substantially the same as the design protected by the 'D459 Patent.
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13 36. Spyderco is not the source of the “SPYDERCO C41CTS TACTICAL HUNTING
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14 FOLDING KNIVES” and Spyderco has never licensed iOffer to use or allowed the use of the 'D459
16 37. The Counterfeit Knives have been offered for sale and sold since at least between
17 June 2017 and the present and look nearly identical to authentic Spyderco Matriarch and Domino
18 knives, but they were not manufactured or distributed by Spyderco. Rather, and upon information
19 and belief, the Counterfeit Knives, and more like them, were likely acquired by iOffer from a
20 Chinese distributer at a low price. iOffer has been and continues to generate a large profit from the
21 illegal and unauthorized sale of the Counterfeit Knives, and others like them. The only reason iOffer
22 can generate this profit is because Spyderco spent decades generating a strong product offering,
23 demand for its high-quality goods and a near-cult following for its knives. iOffer is free riding on
24 Spyderco's corporate and product reputations to generate unbridled corporate gain and is severely
25 undercutting the MSRP of authentic Spyderco Matriarch and Domino knives to achieve its goal.
26 38. Under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(c), iOffer’s advertising, offer for sale and sale of the
27 Counterfeit Knives is willful. iOffer labels the knives as “SPYDERCO” knives in the product
28 listings and uses copied Spyderco Product Packaging to ship the Counterfeit Knives. However, as
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1 shown in Ex. G and Ex. H, iOffer lists the “brand” for the Counterfeit Knives as “HX OUTDOORS”
2 and includes the technical specifications and blade steel of the Counterfeit Knives, which is different
3 from authentic Spyderco Matriarch and Domino knives. Further, the promotional inserts
4 accompanying the Counterfeit Knives in the shipping packaging include references to the Spyderco
5 Military knife and the Spyderco Jot Singh Khalsa knife, which were not the knives purchased from
6 or shipped by iOffer. Below, and attached as Ex. I, which is incorporated herein by this reference,
8 HUNTING FOLDING KNIVES” knife, which corresponds to the Jot Singh Khalsa knife:
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1 The Spyderco Jot Singh Khalsa knife, pictured on the left below, is not the knife sold and shipped
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Below, and attached as Ex. J, which is incorporated herein by this reference, is a copy of the
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promotional insert accompanying the “SPYDERCO KNIVES TACTICAL FOLDING MULTI
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NAVAJAS CAMPING” knife, which corresponds to the Military knife:
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COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 28 of 37
10
11
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
12
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
13
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24 Spyderco’s Military model knife, pictured on the left below, is not the knife sold and shipped by
26
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-28-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 29 of 37
10 iOffer was thus aware of exactly what it was doing when it chose to offer for sale through its store
11 the Counterfeit Knives. In short, iOffer knowingly and wantonly chose to offer and sell the
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
12 Counterfeit Knives and to damage, perhaps irreparably, Spyderco's superior, perendinate and
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
13 valuable reputational rights reflected in the MARKS, the Common-Law Trademarks, and the 'D459
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
14 Patent.
17 used in an authentic Spyderco Matriarch knife. The blade of the “SPYDERCO C41CTS
18 TACTICAL HUNTING FOLDING KNIVES” knife purchased from iOffer says “CTS-XHP,”
19 which is a specific type of steel used in authentic Domino knives. To confirm that the knives
20 purchased from iOffer were not authentic, Spyderco had an independent metallurgist test the blade
21 of each knife to determine if they were, as indicated on the knife blades, made of VG-10 or CTS-
22 XHP® steel. (See Ex. L, Declaration of Josh Belt, incorporated by reference herein.) The results of
23 that testing confirmed that the knives advertised and sold by iOffer were not manufactured by
25 40. iOffer’s willful counterfeiting and infringement make this an exceptional case,
26 entitling Spyderco to: (1) an award of treble actual damages in the form of Spyderco's lost profits
27 and iOffer’s gross profits due to infringement of Spyderco's Common-Law Trademarks under 15
28 U.S.C. § 1117(a); (2) an award of attorneys' fees and costs (including any expert costs) under 15
-29-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 30 of 37
1 U.S.C. § 1117(a) for infringement of Spyderco's MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks; (3) an
2 award of compensatory damages to cover a national corrective advertising campaign that Spyderco
3 must undertake to advise the purchasing public about the hazards of acquiring a counterfeit
4 Matriarch or Domino knife, under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(a); (4) an award of prejudgment and post
5 judgement interest under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(a) and (b) for infringement of Spyderco's federally
6 registered MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks; and, perhaps most significantly, (5) an award
7 from this Court of statutory damages for willful counterfeiting under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(c)(2) of not
8 less than $200,000 or more than $2,000,000 per counterfeited mark (five in total), or a total award
10 41. iOffer's infringement of the 'D459 Patent has been and continues to be willful and
11 intentional and with full knowledge of the existence and validity thereof. The willful and intentional
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
13 U.S.C. § 284, and to an award of its attorneys' fees pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 285.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
14
18 43. Without Spyderco's consent, iOffer has used, on and in connection with the sale,
19 offering for sale, distribution, and advertising of its Counterfeit Knives, Spyderco's MARKS. iOffer
20 is promoting and advertising, selling, offering for sale, and distributing counterfeit and infringing
22 44. These acts are likely to cause confusion in the trade and among the general public as
24 45. With actual or constructive notice of Spyderco’s federal registration rights under 15
25 U.S.C. § 1072, and long after Spyderco commenced use of the MARKS, iOffer made unauthorized
27 46. These illegal acts constitute counterfeiting and trademark infringement of the
28 MARKS in violation of Spyderco’s rights under § 32 of the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1114.
-30-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 31 of 37
2 intentional, entitling Spyderco to treble the amount of its damages and iOffer’s profits, and to an
4 48. Spyderco has suffered and will continue to suffer irreparable injury due to iOffer’s
5 actions if iOffer is not preliminarily and permanently enjoined. Spyderco is entitled to injunctive
11 50. Without Spyderco's consent, iOffer has used, on and in connection with the sale,
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
12 offering for sale, distribution, and advertising of its Counterfeit Knives, Spyderco's MARKS and
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
13 Common-Law Trademarks. The Counterfeit Knives bearing Spyderco's MARKS and Common-
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
14 Law Trademarks are nearly identical in appearance to Spyderco’s respective genuine goods but are
15 inferior in quality.
16 51. These acts are likely to cause confusion in the trade and among the general public as
17 to at least the origin or sponsorship of the Counterfeit Knives. These acts also constitute trademark
18 infringement and have been committed with the intent to cause confusion, mistake, or deception,
19 and are in violation of 15 U.S.C. § 1125(a).
20 52. As a direct and proximate result of iOffer’s infringing activities, Spyderco is entitled
21 to recover iOffer’s unlawful profits and Spyderco's damages under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(a).
23 exceptional and intentional, entitling Spyderco to treble the amount of its damages and iOffer’s
24 profits, and to an award of attorneys' fees and costs under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(a).
25 54. Spyderco has suffered and will continue to suffer irreparable injury due to iOffer’s
26 actions if iOffer is not preliminarily and permanently enjoined. Spyderco is entitled to injunctive
28
-31-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 32 of 37
4 56. Without Spyderco's consent, iOffer has used, on and in connection with the sale,
5 offering for sale, distribution, and advertising of its Counterfeit Knives, designations that are
9 58. As a direct and proximate result of iOffer’s activities, Spyderco is entitled to recover,
11 59. iOffer’s counterfeiting renders this case exceptional and intentional, entitling
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
12 Spyderco to, among other things, an award of attorneys' fees under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(a).
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
13 60. Pursuant to California statute, when compensatory damages are assessed by the jury,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
14 the jury may, in addition, award reasonable exemplary damages against a defendant “where it is
15 proven by clear and convincing evidence that the defendant has been guilty of oppression, fraud or
16 malice." When awarded, exemplary damages are intended to punish a wrongdoer and to set an
17 example for others, not to compensate the victim for the harm done to him or her. Cal. Civil Code
18 § 3294. iOffer has here acted with malice, willfully, wantonly, and fraudulently. Accordingly,
19 Spyderco is entitled to an award of punitive damages
20 61. Spyderco has suffered and will continue to suffer irreparable injury due to iOffer’s
21 actions if iOffer is not preliminarily and permanently enjoined. Spyderco is entitled to injunctive
23
26 62. Spyderco incorporates paragraphs 1 through 61 as though fully set forth herein.
27
28
-32-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 33 of 37
1 63. The acts complained of herein constitute unlawful and unfair business practices that
2 have injured Spyderco in its business and property in violation of California Business & Professions
4 64. iOffer’s illegal acts were and are likely to cause confusion, cause mistake, or deceive
7 65. The complained of acts significantly impact the public who purchased the
8 Counterfeit Knives in that they or those acquiring the products from them acquired inferior products
9 under false pretenses that could cause grave bodily harm to those individuals or others. While the
10 total number of consumers who may be affected by the inferior Counterfeit Knives may be low
11 when compared to the total number of authentic Spyderco knives that have been sold, the damage
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
12 that could be caused by a failure of a Counterfeit Knife could be very significant (perhaps including
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
13 death), and this is the type of impact for which California’s deceptive trade practices laws are
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
14 designed to address.
15 66. Spyderco has suffered actual and reputational injury due to iOffer’s fraudulent and
16 deceitful conduct as outlined herein, and iOffer has intentionally and willfully caused that injury.
17 67. Spyderco has suffered and will continue to suffer irreparable injury due to iOffer’s
18 actions if iOffer is not preliminarily and permanently enjoined. Spyderco is entitled to injunctive
19 relief and all other remedies set forth in California Business & Professions Code § 17203.
20
23 68. Spyderco incorporates paragraphs 1 through 67 as though fully set forth herein.
24 69. Spyderco has expended significant resources, including skill, time, effort, and money
25 in acquiring and developing the MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks and the goodwill
26 associated therewith.
27 70. Spyderco has acquired substantial business values in the MARKS and Common-Law
28 Trademarks.
-33-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 34 of 37
1 71. Through its blatant counterfeiting of the MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks
2 and products, iOffer has wrongfully appropriated the skill, time, effort, and money that Spyderco
3 has invested in its products and the MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks and the goodwill
4 associated therewith.
5 72. With full knowledge of the MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks, iOffer has
6 traded, and continues to trade, on the goodwill associated with the MARKS and Common-Law
7 Trademarks, and to cause confusion or mistake or to deceive consumers and therefore infringe the
9 73. iOffer’s acts have resulted in the “passing off” of iOffer’s products as those of
11 iOffer’s conduct constitutes trademark infringement and unfair competition under California
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
12 common law.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
13 74. Because of iOffer’s wrongful conduct, Spyderco has suffered significant injury.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
14 75. As a direct result of iOffer’s actions, Spyderco has been and will continue to be
15 irreparably injured because it no longer has complete control of its reputation and the goodwill that
16 has been painstakingly developed in the products and the MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks.
17 Spyderco will be forced to correct confusion in the marketplace resulting from iOffer’s
20 77. iOffer’s wrongful use of the MARKS and Common-Law Trademarks is deliberate,
21 willful, and in reckless disregard of Spyderco’s trademark rights, entitling Spyderco to the recovery
22 of punitive damages.
23
24
25
26
27
28
-34-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 35 of 37
3 78. Spyderco incorporates paragraphs 1 through 77 as though fully set forth herein.
4 79. iOffer conspired with its employees, officers, and directors and with the individual
5 or entity from which it acquired the Counterfeit Knives to resale the Counterfeit Knives at a
6 significant profit.
7 80. At least two of those individuals and/or entities agreed to that course of conduct,
8 through the placement of the MARKS upon the Counterfeit Knives and the subsequent advertising
10 81. iOffer and its co-conspirators actions have caused damage to Spyderco, as outlined
11 herein.
PAYNE & FEARS LLP
12
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
14
15 82. Spyderco incorporates paragraphs 1 through 81 as though fully set forth herein.
16 83. By importing, using, offering for sale, and selling knife products in the United States
17 that infringe the 'D459 Patent, without authorization or license from Spyderco, iOffer has been and
21 85. iOffer's infringement of the 'D459 Patent has been and continues to be willful and
22 intentional and with full knowledge of the existence and validity thereof.
23 86. The willful and intentional nature of iOffer's infringement entitles Spyderco to an
24 award of treble damages pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 284, and to an award of its attorneys' fees pursuant
25 to 35 U.S.C. § 285.
26 87. Spyderco will continue to suffer damages and irreparable harm unless iOffer is
27 restrained and enjoined by this Court, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 283, from further infringement of the
28 'D459 Patent.
-35-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 36 of 37
3 A. That Spyderco’s 'D459 Patent, MARKS, and Common-Law Trademarks are valid
4 and enforceable and are the exclusive property of Spyderco;
12 F. That iOffer, and its respective agents, servants, officers, directors, employees, and
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94104
ONE POST STREET, SUITE 1000
13 all persons acting in concert with it, directly or indirectly, be permanently enjoined from infringing,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
(415) 398-7860
15 G. That iOffer, and its respective agents, servants, officers, directors, employees, and
16 all persons acting in concert with it, directly or indirectly, be ordered to deliver up to Spyderco for
17 destruction, or certify destruction of, all products that counterfeit and/or infringe the MARKS,
22 I. That iOffer pay to Spyderco statutory damages to the full extent permitted by law;
23 J. That Spyderco be awarded its costs and attorneys' fees in accordance with 15 U.S.C.
24 § 1117(a), 35 U.S.C. § 285, and any other appropriate statute or on the Court's own power;
28
-36-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 37 of 37
3 Procedure.
kpearson@sheridanross.com
13 SHERIDAN ROSS P.C.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
17
18 4840-5845-3357.1
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
-37-
COMPLAINT WITH JURY DEMAND
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 1 of 47
EXHIBIT A
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 2 of 47
•~ KNIFENEW.
'~ Tod.>y 's News for Knifo Pcop:C
)i
11011 I F' Jrc I Top 25 Pocket Knives that are Indispensable #1 Spyderco Param1lrtary 2
• P.: T .CT
In June, we took a suNey to team which pocket knives our readers believe should never be
discontinued Respondents were asked to name as many or as few pocket knife models as
they wanted, and no brands or blades were off-limits 404 respondents named a total of 268 Cold Steel Axe Gang Hatchet Plays Leading
models and the average respondent named 4 1 pocket knives , 94 out of 404 respondents said Role in The Walking Dead
the Spyderco Paramilitary 2 should never be discontinued. No11emb<!rli,2CJ1B
How did the Spyderco Para1rnlitary 2 top a survey of knives that should never be discontinued?
It's a blade that crosses the usual boundaries of taste and preference. Most knife people fit into
one of two categories. The first group includes the people who already own the Paramilitary 2,
but still want it lo stick around so they can acquire back-ups and future versions. The second
group includes the knife knuls who don't yet own the knife, but plan to buy one.
The Spyderco Paramilitary 2 bears the maker's marks of both Spyderco founder Sal Glesser
and his son Eric. Both designers have contributed amazing designs to the Spyderco catalog
and its filling that the company's most heralded design is a collaboration between the two
generations. The Paramilitary 2 is made at Spyderco's headquarters and the Glesser's adopted Oregon Knife Companies Strengthening
home town of Golden, Colorado, USA. Earth. American Manufacturing
http:l/knifenews.com Aop-25-pockel-knives-spyderce>-param ilitary-2/?ulm_source= KnifeNews+ List&utm_campaign= 114eab0514-Param i lilary2_18_7_201 S&ut.•. 113
EX. A, p.1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 3 of 47
1117/2016 Top 25 Pocket Knives that are Indispensable: #1 Spyderco Paramilitary 2 ))
November 5, 2016
Spyderco's Compression Lock has found the perfect host in the Paramilitary 2. Sal Glesser and
his team designed the Compression Lock on demand, but the result is a truly innovative lock
and on the Paramilitary 2 it is a masterstroke: strong, sure, and dead easy to operate. The
Paramilitary 2 delivers cutting performance that is matched by few other knives of its size. The
- %
blade can handle a range of cutting tasks owing to a combination of its thick stock and full flat
grind. The smooth curves of the oversized handle make for a comfortable grip, even with gloves
on. The forward choil confers complete control over the large blade. Add the company's Introducing the KnifeNews Dealers' Choice
trademarked SpyderHole, and what more could you ask for in a large EDC? Awards for the Best of 2016
Nov ember 3, 201 6
There are four standard models of the Paramilitary 2. Users have a choice of black or Digicam
G-10 scales. with either black-coated or satin blades. No serrated models exist. A fourth model,
with "blurple" handle scales and S110V steel, is occasionally available. There are many sprint
runs with different handle scale and steel options available through secondary market channels.
A scaled down version of the Paramilitary 2, previously called the Minuteman but now known
simply as the Paramilitary 3, is in the works , although there are no immediate plans for its
release.
This concludes the KnifeNews countdown of the Top 25 Pocket Knives that are Indispensable.
Thanks to all our readers for following the countdown and participating in the survey and
promotions . Hope you enjoyed it! A special thank you to KnifeCenter.com for making our in-
Kizer Puts New Product Strategy in Motion
depth coverage of these 25 awesome blades possible. with Discontinued for 2017 List
November 2, 2016
Knife featured in image: Spyderco Parami litary 2
Your Email
Top 25 Pocket Knives that are Collector Shares his First Full
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KnifeNews delivers today's news for knife people November 6, 2016 FEATURED SURVEY SPYDERCO l<MIFECENTER.COM
like us. We report the latest news on new and Cold Steel Axe Gang Hatchet
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custom makers , innovations , and cover topics that Walking Dead
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are of interest to the knife carrying community
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EX. A, p. 3
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 5 of 47
EXHIBITB
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 6 of 47
Int. Cl.: 8
Prior U.S. Cls.: 23, 28 and 44
Reg. No. 1,965,458
United States Patent and Trademark Office Registered Apr. 2. 1996
TRADEMARK
PRINCIPAL REGISTER
SPYI)ERCO
EX. B, p. 1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 7 of 47
EXHIBITC
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 8 of 47
Int. Cl.: 8
Prior U.S. Cls.: 23, 28 and 44
Reg. No. 1,957,810
United States Patent and Trademark Office Registered Feb. zo, t996
TRADEMARK
PRINCIPAL REGISTER
EX. C, p. 1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 9 of 47
EXHIBIT D
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 10 of 47
Int. Cl.: 8
Prior U.S. Cls.: 23, 28 and 44
Reg. No. 2,033,317
United States Patent and Trademark Office Registered Jpn, 28, 1997
TRADEMARK
PRINCIPAL REGISTER
EX. D, p.1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 11 of 47
EXHIBITE
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 12 of 47
Int. Cl.: 8 FOR: KNIFE SHARPENERS; KNIVES; SHARPENING STONES, IN CLASS 8 (C.S . CLS 23 ,
28AND 44) .
PRINCIPAL REGISTER THE MARK CONSISTS OF A DESIGN COMPRISING A GRAY TAPERED ARC FLANKED
BY THE COLORS RED ON A FIRST SIDE AND BLACK ON AN OPPOSING SIDE BROKEN
LINES REPRESENT OUTLINE OF PRODUCT PACKAGING TO SllOW !IOW TllE MARK
rs DEPICTED ON TllE PACKAGING AND IS NOT PART OF TllE MARK TllE SllAPE OF
THE PACKAGING rs NOT PART OF THE MARK
T!IE COLOR{S) BLACK, RED, AND GRAY IS/ARE CLAIMED AS A FEATllRE OF Tl!E
MARK.
SEC. 2(F).
EX. E, p.1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 13 of 47
EXHIBITF
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 14 of 47
CLASS 8: Knives
Int. Cl.: 8
FIRST USE 00-00-2004; IN COMMERCE 00-00-2004
Trademark
The mark consists of the letter "E" in stylized form with an arrowhead on the tail of the "E".
Principal Register
SER. NO. 87-252,274, FILED 11-30-2016
DANIELS STRINGER, EXAMINING ATTORNEY
EX. F, p.1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 15 of 47
EXHIBITG
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 16 of 47
6/30/2017 Spyderco C41 CTS tactical hunting folding knives for sale
S porting Goods ;, Ou 1clo or Spoil s > Hu 111111g ::- Knives ;> Fo lding Bl acle
VISA
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Estimated Shipping 1 - 3 Oay'S
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EX. G, p.1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 17 of 47
EXHIBITH
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 18 of 47
6/30/2017 spyderco knives tactical folding multi navajas camping for sale
Sporting Goods
v/SA
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EXHIBIT I
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 20 of 47
Across the United States, Europe and Japan, cutlery buyers collect Jot Singh
Khalsa knives. Jot's first collaboration with Spyderco was the C40 Jot Singh
Khalsa Folder, released in 1997, and later discontinued. Spyderco is
revitalizing the C40 for a short time in a Sprint Run. featuring many of the
original 's unique characteristics.
Jot Singh Khalsa began m'aking knives in 1977 and has been designing and
making knives and jewelry full-time since 1978. His first knife was an ornate
Kirpan, one of the five sym bols of the Sikh religion which he adopted in the
early ?O's. He is well-known for his decorative knives, swords and Kirpans with
gemstone handles, engraved fittings and Damascus blades, as well as for his
prized folder designs. He attributes his steadiness of character and the
creative and innovative insights that guide his knife and sword-making to a
daily practice of Kundalini Yoga and meditation, a discipline which he has
studied since 1972.
The Sprint Run Jot Singh Khalsa folde r has black G-1 O scales offering
exceptional ergonomics with a curving handle and unique design flair that fit
the hand like a giove. The ergonomic scales encompass a fully-lined
Linerlock® and are manufactured using screw together con struction. Like the
original Khalsa Folder, the design has exceptional eye-appeal with a ·
pronounced hump in the blade to accommodate the Spyderco Trademark
Round Hole TM and the hump also functions as a cross-guard.
The saber-ground VG-10 blade has a weight-reducing swedge grind along the
spine and is emblazoned with the Spyderco bug on the front and Khalsa's logo
on the back.
The Khalsa Folder is a unique collaboration reflecting both Jot Singh Khalsa:s
flair for designing visually appealing knives but also showcases Spyderco's
attentiveness to quality an\l functionality.
Thanx Much,
T: 303.279.8383 T: 800.525 7770 F: 303.278 2229 820 Spydorco Woy Goldon , CO USA 60403 www.spydorcQ.com
EX. J , p.1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 21 of 47
EXHIBIT J
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 22 of 47
Edge-U-Catlon®
Qur first Military Model. or M1Wie. came about when someone asked
Sal - "What knife would you send with your son or daughter if they
were deployed?" I had three criteria. 1. ) The blade had to be
ferocious in cutting potential and edge life. 2. ) Its weight and
ergonomics both lightweight and comfortable . 3. ) I wanted it
manufactured as failsafe, indestructible and maintenance -free as
humanly possible.
The Ti-Mi is a traditional Military Model meeting Sal's requirements in
everywaY but bas a tilanium handle and a R I L ·Reeve tnlegral
lock. We applaud knilemaker Chris Reeve for modifying the original
Walker linerlocke design. He morphed it so the handle scale acts as
the lock's liner and the back portion of the handle doubles as both
handle spring and lock. In doing this he eliminated the need for
additional internal liners and we can manufacture the knife lighter.
slimmer and stronger.
Our Millie has become one of the most enduring designs we've ever
made. We' II keep on applying our C. a. I. processes to it, but will
ensure it rema ins uncomplicated, functional and fietd ..·ready.
We thank you ror your appreciation of our knives and our efforts.
Thanx Much,
The Spyderco Crew
( 800 525 7770 t 303. 271J 6:J8J I 303.278.2229 Spydotco, Ille. 820 Sp)"do1co Way Golden, CO 8040) U,S.A WWW.!PV<'81co.com Spyderco.
Knives & M:cesioN1
EX. K, p.1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 23 of 47
EXHIBITK
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 24 of 47
(73) Assignee: SPYDERCO, INC., Golden, CO (US) Grant Notification (with English translation) for Chinese Patent
Application No. 201430220144.9, dated Oct. 10, 2014, 4 pages.
(**) Term: 14 Years (Continued)
US D753,459 S
Page 2
•
~
u..
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 27 of 47
N•
-C.9
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 28 of 47
o- ....
.... --
-
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 29 of 47
FIG.4
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FIG.5
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 30 of 47
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Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 31 of 47
FIG.8
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 32 of 47
FIG.9
FIG.10
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 33 of 47
,i...
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Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 34 of 47
i
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Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 35 of 47
EXHIBITL
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 36 of 47
SPYDERCO, INC.,
a Colorado corporation,
Plaintiff,
V.
IOFFER INC.,
a California Corporation, and
I OFFER CORPORATION,
A Nevada Corporation,
Defendants
1. I am over the age of 18. I have personal knowledge of the facts set forth below and,
Services, located at 10605 East 25th A venue, Aurora, Colorado 800 I 0, and having a website
3. On July 2, 2018, I received two folding knives from Kendria Pearson of Sheridan
Ross P.C. She asked that Colorado Metallurgical Services test the composition of the metal of the
4. I agreed to and did conduct the tests requested. The certified results of that testing
5. Ms. Pearson then asked that I compare the metal composition of the knife 1 blade
to the VG-10 standard set forth in Spyderco's Steel Chart. (See Ex. 3.) The comparison is provided
below:
2
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 38 of 47
6. Ms. Pearson also asked that I compare the metal composition of the knife 2 blade
to the CTS-XHP® alloy standard set forth in the Carpenter Alloy Data (see Ex. 4) and in
Spyderco's Steel Chart (see Ex. 3). The comparison is provided below:
Dated: July I 7, 20 I 8
Materials Engineer
3
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 39 of 47
EXHIBIT 1
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 40 of 47
Acceptance of this certification indicates customer acknowledgment of invoice terms. All reports are submitted as the confidential property of clients . Authorization
for publication of our reports, conclusions or extracts from or regarding them, is res erved pending our written approval as a mutual protection to clients, the public
and ourselves. Upon written request, applicable uncertainty or measurement determinations will be made readily available to client(s) .
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 41 of 47
EXHIBIT2
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 42 of 47
Acceptance of this certificalion Indicates customer acknowledgment of invoice terms. All reports are submitted as the confidential property of clients . Authorization
for publ icati on of our reports . conclus ions or extracts from or regarding lhem, is reserved pending our written approval as a mutual protection to clients, the public
and ourselves. Upon wrillen request, applicable uncertainty of measurement determinations will be made readily available to client(s).
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 43 of 47
EXHIBIT3
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 44 of 47
•Spyderco 1-:
.- -1
STEEL CHART
2016 Steel Chart
1095
154CM
3Cr
.., . ..
1.os
..
0.2(;.0,35
---IEIBBI -- . . .
14.00
110M4.00.
' ..
..
l.00
I I
. ..
4.00
"
mlllll' . . . . . . .. .
0.035
'
1.00
II ...
El
"
.·- -2
4~5
42DJ2
Modified
.
O.lS
·:
0.4<>-0.54
ll.00-14.00
13.50-15.00
1.00
0.50 0.60.1.00
0.04
0.04
1.00
o~
; <i.o:i
O.D3 0.10
s-
440A 0.65.0.75 16 0[).18.00 1.00 0.75 0.04 1.00 0.03
· ·• :
6-
440C J.llO 17.SO o.so o.so 0.1).1 0.30
440XH a.so 0.3S 0.45
.
1.50
', , ,
16.0D
It I
0 .80 0 :40
1.-:._
52100 0.98·1.10 130 ·1.GO 0.25-0.45 0.03 0.15·0.30 0.03
:- -3 8Cr13MoV 0.80 13.00 DAO 0.15 0-20 0,02 a.so 0.01 0.10
t :1 8-
..
A·Z l.llO s. z~ O.,S!i I.IO 0,35 0.25
ATS·34 1.us 1~ .00 U.40 4.00 O.D3 0.35 0.02
l.00
O.!O O.GO '400
4.ao 13_:
7..00 3.00
• I • • I
l.Oa 9.00
.oo 0.40 2.2.5 0.60 a.2a gjo 14-
1.60 1.15 2.40
0.25-0.45 O.JS-0,30
--1 ,,
0.50 3.BIM.20 0.30 1.00·1.50
i
a.60 0.30 0.37 0.10 16__:,
•I
a.so 2.00 o.30 ''
..,
4.00
·- '
CTS 20CP
.. ·' ...
n.oo
a.30
0.50
1.00
I.JO
0.60
a.90
0.65 4.00
9.30
.- ·-7 m40CP lG.00·18.00 1.00 0 .15 LOO
18__:,
Elm ox l.10 1&00 0.30
'
1.00
'
0.80
t:I
3.00
GIN·l
HAP40
0.90
LlO
15,50
4.00 a.co
0.60
"
0,30
5.00
t: , .
0.02 D.37
.
0 .03
'
6.00 J.00
Super Slue S1eol 1 .~1).1 . SO 0,31).0.50 0-2().(1,30 O.Jl).0.50 0.03 2.00-2.so o.so
. ,,
.-·-8
LC 200 N ~ . JO IS,00 UIO 0.95 0.50 o.sa
Maxumet• 2. 15 ~ . 75 10.00 0.30 0.2S 0.<11 13.00 G.00
27__:,
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 45 of 47
EXHIBIT4
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 46 of 47
Data
CTS·XHP® Alloy
Patent
Number 5,370,750
Type
Analysis Carbon 1.60% Chromium 16.00%
Silicon 0.40% Molybdenum 0.60%
Nlckel 0.35% Vanadium 0.45%
Manganese 0.50% Iron Balance
Description CTS-XHP® alloy is an air-hardening, high carbon, high chromium, corrosion resistant alloy.
It can be considered either a high hardness stainless steel or a corrosion-resistant tool steel.
The alloy is manufactured using powder metallurgy and controlled metal working processes.
CTS-XHP alloy possesses corrosion resistance equivalent to high chromium stainless steels
but can attain a maximum hardness of 62 HRC, approaching that of 02 tool steel. In
addition, the composition of CTS-XHP alloy has been balanced so that it can attain a
minimum bardness of 60 HRC when air cooled from hardening temperatures of 1850 to
2000°F. CTS-XHP alloy is thus more forgiving during heat treatment than slmllar alloys.
Applications Applications that may be considered for CTS-XHP alloy include all the applications for
stain less steels that may require higher hardness, such as bearing assemblies, needle
valves, ball check valves, valve seats, pump parts, ball studs, bushings and wear resistant
textile components. CTS-XHP can be used for specialty knives where its fine carbide
distribution can be used to produce a keenly sharp cutting edge.
Because of the hardness of CTS-XHP alloy, it may also be considered for use in 02
applications requiring greater corrosion resistance, such as blanking dies, forming dies,
extrusion dies, drawing dies, forming rolls, edging rolls, beading rolls, master tools,
heading tools, long punches, Intricate punches and slitting cutters.
Corrosion CTS-XHP alloy possesses corrosion resistance equivalent to Type 440C stainless. CTS-
Resistance XH P alloy resists corrosion in normal domestic environments and very mild industrial
environments, including many petroleum products and organic materials.
For optimum corrosion resistance, surfaces must be free of scale and foreign particles and
finished parts should be passivated.
The Information and data presented herein are typical or average values and are not a guarantee of STAINLESS STEELS 88
maxJmum or minimum va lues. Applica tions speclfically suggested for material described herein are Edition Date; 10/11/02
made solely for the purpose of illustration to enable the reader to make his own evaluation and are not
Intended as warranties, either express or impfled, of fitness for these or other purposes. There is no
representeliori that the recipient of this literature will receive updated editions as they become available.
Case 3:18-cv-04485 Document 1-1 Filed 07/24/18 Page 47 of 47
>.\
CTS-XHP® Alloy 2
Important Note: The following 5-level rating scale is intended for comparative purposes only.
Corrosion testing is recommended; factors which affect corrosion resistance include
temperature, concentratfon. pH, Impurities, aeration, velocity, crevices, deposits, metallurgical
condition, stress, surface finish and dissimilar metal contact.
Nitric Acid Moderate Sulfuric Acid Restricted
Phosphoric Acid Restricted Acetic Acid Restricted
Sodium Hydroxide Moderate Salt Spray (NaCl) Restricted
Sea Water Sour Oil/Gas
Humidity Good
Physical
Properties Specific Gravity 7.62
Density 0.275 lb/in
3
7625 kg/m 3
Mean coefficient of thermal expansion-CTS-XHP® Alloy
Annealed condition
Room Temperature Average Coefficient
77af to 25°C to 10"" I °F 10.01 ac
212 100 5.65 10.17
392 200 6.02 10.83
572 300 6.24 11.23
752 400 6.40 11.52
932 500 6.53 11.76
1112 600 6.63 11.93
1292 700 6.71 12.13
1472 800 6.87 12.37
-
Isothermal transformation (1-T) diagram-CTS-XHP® Alloy
Austenitize at 1925°F (1052°C) for 25 mins., quenched to 1-Ttemperature, then brine
quenched to room temperature.
•c 'F
871 1600
B16 11500
760 -j- 1400
·lI' rjI i,----. -·. 1-- ,- I r"--·n
·
' ' ' ·
--n .
""7i ,,
1 • !
-r·n
1:
,__ Ii~ .-
·<,_·rnf . -.- ~ If .
104 ·' 1300
649 · -1200 IL - · - •
.
-.
; I
- . . ..
- 1-- -·- ·tt
':
--~ """ t i
1• •~ -- -- -__; il rl- -
I- - ,; I -
1 - - ;
-· :
- . i - ... 1
371 -· 700 --
1-:--- ;I (. 1
1
il1 - l
10 30 1 h 4 h eh 20
mlns. mll'\3
10 100 1000 IODOO 100000
Tlme (&1cond1)
II. BASIS OF JURISDICTION (Place an")(" in One Rox Only) Ill. CITIZENSHIP OF PRINCIPAL PARTIES (Place an "X" mOneRoxforPlamtiff
(For Diversity Ca.<e.< Only) and One Rox.for IJ~fendant)
PTF DEF PTF DEF
U.S. Government Plaintiff Federal Question Citizen of This State I I lncorporaled or Principal Place
(U.S'. Government Not a Party)
of Business In This Stak
Cilizen of Another State Incorporated and Principal Place
U.S. Government Defendant Diversity
(Indicate Citizenship of Partie.1· in Item Ill) of Business In Another State
Citizen or Subject of a Foreign Nation
Foreign Country
VI. CAUSE OF Ci le the U.S. Civil Statute under which you are filing (D11 not cite iurisdictio11a/ statutes unless diven·itv) :
15 U.S.C. §§ 1114 , 1117, 1125; 35 U.S.C. §IOI, et seq.
ACTION
Brief descrintion of cause:
Trademark Infringement; Patent Infringement; Violation of California Business and Professions Code; among others
VII. REQUESTED IN CHECK IF THIS IS A CLASS ACTION DEMAND$ CHECK YES only ifdemanded in complaint:
COMPLAINT: UNDER RULE 23, Fed. R. Civ. P JURY DEMAND: X Yes No