Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
LTD
A
Summer Training Report
At
“Sunil Fibres Pvt.Ltd”
Submitted By,
Gautam Vikashsingh (62)
Submitted To,
Shri Shambhubhai V. Patel College of Computer Science
and Business Management, Surat
Affiliated to VNSGU, Surat
Academic Year 2017-2018.
INDEX
PREFACE
As a B.B.A. student, we have to undergo for two months Summer Training programme in any of
the Renowned Company and we had got a chance to undergo Summer Training programme in
Sunil fibers Pvt.Ltd. We are here to take industrial training experience which introduced us new
aspect and practical knowledge about different departments of Sunil fibers Pvt.Ltd. Company &
to prepare a project on it. Our Project covers all the Divisions of the company.
All the executive members of the company Co-operated us throughout our project by guiding us
with their valuable advices. We are sure that this project will feed us the different dimensions of
all the departments of management which includes:
Production Department.
Marketing and Sales Department.
Human Resource and Development Department.
Finance Department.
We have collected all required information related to our project to our level best. It was a great
experience to prepare the Summer Training project at SUNIL FIBRES PVT.LTD. Because till
now we just got theoretical knowledge about different-different departments, but here we had
practical base knowledge.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are highly obliged about the experience and the support given by all of the executive
members of “Sunil fibers Pvt.Ltd.” We would like to thank to our institute “Shree Shambhubhai
v.Patel College of Computer Science and Business Management, Surat.” for giving us the
opportunity to undergo Summer Internship. We are highly thankful to our institute professors &
mostly our project guide “The entire faculty” for giving us such a guidelines regarding the summer
Internship.
We would like to thank “Sunil fibres Pvt.Ltd.”, for giving us an opportunity to take an industrial
experience about textile industry and about their processing management which includes Production
department, Finance Department, Marketing and Sales Department and Human Resources &
Development Department. We are very grateful to Finance Manager of Marketing and Sales
Department for their co-operation and guidance in our Summer Internship and providing us such a
valuable experience which will help us to develop in our future career as well as for our skills and
knowledge .We are very much thankful to our guide Mr.Pradeep mishra of Human Resource
Department who helped us for providing us time-to-time guidance in our training and we are also
thankful to plant manager Mr.Prashant shahoo for sharing their valuable practical knowledge with
us.
We would like to thank all the executive members of Sunil Fibres Company, who directly or
indirectly contributed in once or other ways in making this training more valuable with their
information & suggestions.
Date: ____________.
-Gautam vikashsingh(62)
EXECUTIVE SUMMERY
In today’s era textile industries are one of the largest industries in India and this textile
industries are emerging highest growth in the market textile industries making good profit.
In Indian economy textile industries play a vital part and there is large and earn also. So to
understand this I wanted to make a project report in any leading company in this industry.
Clothes are a necessity in the day to day life of a person. It has its importance in all age from
infants to adults to old ages. Because it holds such an important position we decided to take our
Grand training project on Sunil Fibres Pvt.Ltd.
The company deals with the production of POY chips, yarns & dress materials. The project
highlighting is the important of Working Capital Management. Various departments were
studied in the course of the project which include in order taking system, the standardization
processes, the purchase department, finance department.
From the study conducted & analysed so far, it can be conclude that, organization provides
various facilities to their employees. They treat their employees as a family member that results
in success of the company. The company believes that employees are the main property for
them, so they have to take care of them by various programs. This study report is prepared to
encovers with every aspects of management done at Sunil fibres Pvt.Ltd. By the study of various
department we observed that the entire department are managed, arranged, scheduled properly,
so that the employees cannot feel difficulties in working. During this vocational training we had
a very good experience that increases our knowledge.
It was a great honour to get training under this company and we also found that the Sunil Fibers
Pvt.Ltd. has a good reputation in the market about their quality of product.
INTRODUCTION
India Textile Industry is one of the leading textile industries in the world. Though was
predominantly unorganized industry even a few years back, but the scenario started
changing after the economic liberalization of Indian economy in 1991. The opening up of
economy gave the much-needed thrust to the Indian textile industry, which has now
successfully become one of the largest in the world.
India textile industry largely depends upon the textile manufacturing and export. It also
plays a major role in the economy of the country. India earns about 27% of its total foreign
exchange through textile exports. Further, the textile industry of India also contributes
nearly 14% of the total industrial production of the country. It also contributes around 3%
to the GDP of the country. India textile industry is also the largest in the country in terms
of employment generation. It not only generates jobs in its own industry, but also opens up
scopes for the other ancillary sectors. India textile industry currently generates employment
to more than 35 million people. It is also estimated that, the industry will generate 12
million new jobs by the year 2010.
Various Categories under which Indian textile industry can be divided into several
segments are as follows:-
Indian Industries
Silk
Organized Decentralize
Sector
Sector
Cotton Mills
(Private Public
Power loom Hand loom
& co-
(Cloth) (Cloth)
operative)
India textile industry is one of the leading in the world. Currently it is estimated to be around
US $120 billion and is also projected to be around US$ 230 billion by the year 2020. The
government of India has set target to achieving value around $45 billion for 2017-18 in this
sector. India enjoys second largest exporter of textile product in the world.
Strengths
Vast textile production capacity.
Large pool of skilled and cheap work force.
Entrepreneurial skills.
Efficient multi-fibre raw material manufacturing capacity.
Large domestic market.
Enormous export potential.
Very low import content.
Flexible textile manufacturing systems.
Weaknesses
Increased global competition in the post 2005 trade regime under WTO.
Imports of cheap textiles from other Asian neighbours.
Use of outdated manufacturing technology.
Poor supply chain management.
Huge unorganized and decentralized sector.
High production cost with respect to other Asian competitors.
Sunil Fibres Private Limited is Private incorporated on 26th September 2001. It is classified as Non-
govt Company and is registered at registrar of companies, Ahmadabad. It’s involved in spinning,
weaving, and finishing of textiles.
SUNIL FIBRES PVT. LTD is engaged in manufacturing and wholesaling of a wide range of
MULTIPLY TWISTED POLYESTER FILAMENT YARN. We are having a capacity to
produce150 Tons of MULTIPLY TWISTED POLYESTER FILAMENT YARN every month. We
mainly export our products to countries like Egypt, Turkey and Jordan; Gulf Region ET The
Company started introducing its own designs and supplied these designs in the market. Prior to this,
the designs produced had been a function of customer demand and from this point onwards, the
emphasis changed the design impetus coming from manufacturers.
Sunil fibers is one of the leading grey processor companies in Surat, Gujarat, India. We supply and
process a wide range of high quality cotton. Polyester, Viscose & Nylon grey in India. We offer
innovative textile solutions in pre-treatment, dyeing, finished and printing. We use the latest
technology and innovative production technique for grey processing. We can offer requested
services to our clients in the ever changing grey market. We have well experience allowing us to
carefully grey process and provide the best services to our customer.
Head Office
5001 to 5005, 5th floor Shree Mahavir Textile Market
Near Landmark Magob, Surat Kadodara Road
Surat - 395010
Gujarat - India
Phone: +91 9374539302
Fax : info@sunilfibers.com
Factory /plant
FO
JUGAN SHARMA
GENERAL MANAGER-CORE TEAM
MAHAVIR BANSAL
GENERAL MANAGER SALES &
MARKETING-CORE TEAM
SHIVJI KOKATE
TECHNICAL INCHARGE –CORE
TEAM
BRIJESH SHAH
COMPUTER OPERATORS-CORE
TEAM
INTRODUCTION
Marketing is a societal process by which individual and group obtain what they need and want
through correcting, offering, exchanging products and service of value with others.
The aim of marketing is to know the customers who want who want to buy the product and up to
what extent he is interested in the product. The marketing Dept. however should convince the
customer to buy the product.
Without efficient marketing no company can survive. The product should be sold as fast as
possible compare to the production. Otherwise it may cause some financial problem which may lead
to certain loss. More and more amount of money get blocked in the stock of a finished product. So
the marketing should be strong to achieve the organizational ultimate goal.
MARKETING PROCESS:-
The Marketing Process has mainly two Fashions of the Products are as Follows:-
(a) New Design:-
Some Variety of Design is launched in the Market. The Designs are Developed According to the
Trends in the Market and Prevailing Season. The Developed Design is sent to the Prevailing Season
and also the members of the Distribution Channel.
GENERAL
MANAGER
ASSISTANT
MANAGER
PROGRAMMER DISPATCH
MANAGER MANAGER
RESPONSIBILITY: -
They are responsible to satisfy the customer requirement by adopting better quality of product.
They are directly responsible to the general manager and the proprietor in-charge.
They are responsible to increase the volume of sales.
They are responsible from inquiry of goods & it’s delivery to their customer.
They are responsible for the proportion of discount policy.
They are responsible for checking the account of customer.
They are responsible for attracting new customer for their product.
Functions of Marketing
There are two types of functions in marketing Department:-
1) Routine Function
Receiving inquiry from the customer
Sending quotation to the customer
Receiving order from the customer
Concern production Dept. for special requirement
Prepare schedule for production Dept.
Receiving the final goods as per requirements
Dispatching goods to the customer
Receiving payment & maintaining payment details
Writing circular to the customer whenever needed
Sending reminder to the customer
2) Specific Function
This Dept. gives suggestions to make improvement in system to Mgt. whenever required.
They perform personal follow up to production Dept. for preparing best to satisfy them.
They understand the special requirement of the customer & try their level best to satisfy them.
They establish personal contact with their customer.
They always try to provide better service to the customer.
Product Mix
“A product mix is the set of all products and items a particular seller offers for sales.”
The SUNIL FIBER have also many kind of product related to POY. But the main product is the
POY. This company produces all the type of different goods according to the demand of those
goods. The list of some product of the company is as follow:-
1. POY (partially Oriented Yarn).
2. Textured Yarn.
3. Draw Tex Yarn.
4. Full Draw Yarn.
5. Draw winder.
The SUNIL FIBERS also has to produce many of Products in fabrics. We show the product mix of
the company, Hear show the company’s product width, Length & Depth of the product mix.
Width:- The width of product mix refers to how many different product lines the company carries.
The Sunil fibres Company carried four product widths.
Length:- The length of product mix refers to the total number of items in the mix. The Sunil
Company Carried 10 Lengths.
Depth: - The Depth of a product mix refers to how many variants are offered of each product in the
line.
The Sunil Fibres Company has Five Depths for each product length, which are as following:
POLY MONO CHK-1
RAIN DROP
BRASSO
U.SWED(DARK)
TASPA SHEER
PRODUCT/SERVICE(WE SELL)
Cotton yarn
Polyester yarn
Spun yarn
Blend yarn
Polyester filament yarn
All fancy yarn
Dyed yarn
Pc yarn
Pv yarn
A company’s positioning and strategy must change as the product, market, and competitors
change over the product life cycle. To say that a product has a life cycle is to assert four things.
1. Products have a limited life.
2. Product sales pass through distinct stages, each posing different challenges, opportunities, and
problems to the seller.
3. Profits rise and fall at different stages of the product life cycle.
Product requires different marketing, financial, manufacturing, purchasing, and human recourse
strategies in each life- cycle stage.
There are four stages of Product life cycle like:~
1) Introduction Stage: - the stage where company introduce itself in the market.
2) Growth Stage:-In this stage, a product of rapid market acceptance and substantial profit
improvement.
3) Maturity Stage: - In this stage, sales growth of product is slowdown, the product has achieved
acceptance by most potential buyers. Profits stabilize or Decline because of increased competition.
4) Decline Stage: - sales show a downward drift and profit erode.
PACKAGING
“Packaging is the buyer’s first encounter with the product & is capable of turning the buyer on or
off”.
While packaging the cloth, the company uses quality-packaging materials like polythene sheets
and others. This assists in ensuring the safely of the end products during the transits period. Our
entire packaging process is conducted under the supervision of our experienced packaging
personnel, Further; the company has association with various transportation and logistic agents,
which helps us in smooth and prompt delivery of the range to the final destinations. This ensures
the timely delivery of our consignments to the clients.
LABELLING
“Label is a part of product, which carries verbal information about the product or the seller.
It may be a part of package, or it may be a tag attached directly to the product.” Label may be
a small slip or it may be a attached to the product. It conveys verbal information about the product
and seller. The producer gives necessary information to the consumer through the label. The act of
attaching or tagging the label is known as labelling. Label is of three types:-
BRAND LABEL:-It is simply popularizing the brand name of the product. It gives only the brand
names.
GRADE LABEL:-It identifies or emphasizes the quality standards or grades, as A, B, C OR 1, 2, 3
etc. In another word it, identifies the quality.
DESCRIPTIVE LABEL:-It gives written or illustrative objective information about the use, care,
performance and other features of the product.
Brand name.
Address of the product.
Gross & net quantity of the content.
Ingredients in the product.
Direction for the use.
Precautionary measures.
Nature of the product.
Date of packing.
Retail price.
BRAND
The word “BRAND” has its origin in the Norwegian work “BRAND”, which means to burn.
In ancient, framers used to put burn marks as identification on livestock to distinguish their
positions.
A brand is a “name, term, symbol or design to identify the goods or services and to
differentiate them from those of the competitors”.
PRICE
Price shows the value of the company’s product. The Co. itself decides its product price
considering various factors.
Pricing Strategies
Price shows the value of the company’s product. The company itself decides its product price
considering various factors. The price of SUNIL FIBERS Company is less than the KUBER
TEXTILE and which is the second highest price in the market. These two competitors play a major
role in the market according to their price of the products.
“Pricing is just not a number on a tag or an item. It represents the product in a very large way.”
Pricing policy of the company usually stable, it does not keep on fluctuating with time and the price
is decided after taking into consideration the price of its competitors.
According to the company the price of the finished product is decided on the basis of the price of its
raw material. Say for example if the demand of petroleum is increased or decreased then it
consequently affects the price of the raw material and also the price at times depends on the demand
of the product also.
The price of the company changes, when the yarn market is in boom period the price tend to be high
and vice-versa.
CUSTOMER SEGMENTATION
TARGET MARKET
A target market or target audience is a group of customers that the business has decided to aim its
marketing efforts and ultimately its merchandise. A well-defined target market is the first element to
a marketing strategy. The target market and the marketing mix variables of product, place
(distribution), promotion and price are the two elements of a marketing mix strategy that determine
the success of a product in the marketplace.
The target market for the SUNIL FIBERS is the SURAT at maximum. They
sell their product in SURAT more. Then they sell at other city of GUJARAT. But here sell is not so
more as in SURAT. The next they sell their goods in some city of MAHARASTRA also. And also
they sell some product in other state of INDIA. They also export their goods but at a very little scale.
PROMOTION MIX
“promotion mix means a set of elements or tool like advertising, public relation and publicity,
sales promotion, personal selling and direct marketing used by the marketer for promoting sales by
stimulating demand through persuasive communication.”
PROMOTIN POLICY:-
Sales promotion is termed as, “The Promotional Activities other than personal-salesmanship,
advertising, publicity, which stimulate consumer purchasing & dealer effectiveness such as
displays, exhibitions, demonstrations, contest & various other non-recurrent selling effort not in the
ordinary routine.” The difference between sales promotion and advertisement is that advertising
offers the reason to buy while sales promotion offers an impulse to buy. In SUNIL FIBERS, there is
long term planning for the sale of its product. SUNIL FIBERS has slogans “You fascinate
me”.
Samples: -
Samples are offered to its retailers, i.e. in terms of returning the cloths with its particular design not
liked by the retailer or wholesaler. This is in the case of marketing of cloths only.
Free goods: -
To pace with volatile taste and preference of the consumer the company has to know the current
consumer market. Hence, a questionnaire is prepared including the customers’ choices and market
demand with options for answers. If the questionnaire is completely filled up and submitted by the
customer, she will get one scarf free. On the basis of response and analysis of the data, the
management decides to change its product.
Buyback Guarantee: -
The company also gives full buyback guarantee to its retailers or wholesalers, i.e. defected
goods are purchased back by the company.
Price Off: -
The company often has to offer price off to its retailers or wholesalers to carry a particular
brand. The company offers price off in terms of discount on the basis of amount of sales of retailer’s
sale in more than current month then management give more discount to retailer or wholesaler.
EXPORT MARKETING
CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
There is usually a Large Channel of Distribution. Which Includes from Manufacture the
Product? The Manufacturer sells it to Wholesalers and the Wholesalers give it to the
Retailers and finally Retailers is selling it to the Consumer. It’s also described in this way.
DEPOTS
MANUFACTURER (COMPANY'S DEALERS
WHOLESALER)
CONSUMERS RETAILERS
The main Product of the Company is GREY FABRIC. Which are the Industrial Product and the
Distribution Network of the Company is not Complex. In this Network each stage has Involve only
one Person who is known as “DEALER”. DEALER is between the Manufacturer and Wholesalers,
also between the Wholesalers and Retailer, also between the Retailers and Customers.
“DEALER” has Play a very important role in this Distribution Network. Generally, so many
Companies are Deals with the Dealer .The Dealers sales the Product to the Industrial Customers and he
mainly acts as a Guarantee on behalf of the Customers for the Payment of the Company. The Dealer
also has the Information about the Customers needs, New Fashions, Variety etc. is providing to the
Company.
Products
Product is a main part of the Company. The Product must satisfy the needs of its Consumer.sunil
fibres Produce Polyester Yarn which is an Industrial Product. The Company makes the Product as
per the needs of its Consumer. So many Competitors in the market but the Strong Competitor of the
“SUNIL FIBRES” is “KUBER TEXTILES “, which Produces the same Product.
Price
Price Shows the Value of the Company’s Product. Every Company’s Product Price is Depends on
the Consumer Demand. When We Compare to the both Company in a Pricing level then we can say
that Price of the SUNIL Company is less than then the KUBER Company. These Two Competitors
Play a Significant Role in the Market According to their Price of Their Price of Products.
PLACE
Physically Distribution is the Delivery Products at the Right Time and at the Right Place. The
company has Selected Different -Different Place for the Different- Different Department to sell its
products like The Marketing Department is in “SURAT”, because there is a High Demand of Yarn
in “SURAT” as it is known as “TEXTILE CITY”. The Production Department is in pipodara and
The Sales Department is in surat, Mumbai etc. The Company also sells its Product to the Foreign
Countries.
PROMOTION
The Firm also must undertake Promotion Work likes Advertising, Publicity and Personal Selling
etc. The SUNIL FIBERS manufactures Synthetic Yarn and Fabric which is the Industrial Product.
The Company does Promotional Activities through Electronic media, Print media, Hoarding, FM
radio, etc. They Sell Their Product through a very strong network of Dealers across the country
which Play very significant role between Manufacturer and Customers.
In that way the Sunil fibers have also its competitors. So, they have to be very careful about their
competitors. On the one side there are seven lacks small and big competitors of the company in
industry for different activities purpose situated in Surat but on the other side there are no any
competitors of the company for whole activates purpose of the company because the company
passes maturity stage in the product life cycle, in which one of the king is the company. One of the
biggest competitors is the RELINCE. There are also other competitors, but they are small.
The SUNIL FIBRES Company has two types of competitors, which are following hear: ~
INTRODUCTION
Production is the process of converting the raw material & other inputs into the products
for further production or finished goods or services so that the utility of inputs is created or
enhanced & needs of the customers are satisfied.
Management creating & maintaining an environment in which individuals
working together in groups willingly contribute their best to produce the specified good by
optimum utilization of raw-materials & other inputs so as to timely satisfy the needs of the
customer.
Detailed organization structure of production department:-
(HOD)SPG
Sr. manager/dy.
manager
production packing
Asst. manager/
sr. officer
engineer
sr. technician/
technical worker
worker
Product.
Workers.
Machinery.
Types of Machinery.
Location.
Plant Layout
“Plant layout is physical arrangement of various buildings, production department,
technical utilities and location of various machines with in each production department. The
process of preparing plant-layout for new manufacturing or service setup is called layout
design.”
In company decision one of the most important decisions is the decision related to Plant
Layout of the company. When the company starts its new production unit at new site they
must have to consider about the various factors. Those factors are known as the factor
affecting plant layout decision.
For the company selection of best plant location is the very important decision, because
it affects the cost of production and also the profitability of the company. which are as
follows:-
1. Land cost.
2. Transportations.
3. Government regulations.
4. Availability of manpower.
There are many types of plant layout but Company follows the process layout, which shows
below:-
A. Process layout.
B. Product layout.
C. Cellular Manufacturing Layout.
D. Fixed Position Layout.
A. Process layout
Definition:-
Plant layout in which machines and equipment integral to a workflow are grouped
together by function.(CONTINUOUS POLYMERISATION PLANT).
PARKING ADMINISTRATION
FOR TWO & DEPARTMENS
FOUR INVENTORIES
VEHICAL OF SEMI, RAW
MATERIALS
FINISHED
GOODS SPACE FOR THE
WAREHOUSE TRANSPORATION
PRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT
QUALITY CANTEEN
DEPARTMENT
B. Product Layout:-
Definition:-
The organization of a factory or office so that the position of the workstations is optimized to suit the
Product. Product layout ensures that products follow an assembly line where the different operations
are undertaken in a logical sequence.
C. Cellular Manufacturing Layout:-
Definition:-
In cellular manufacturing machines are grouped into cells and the cells function somewhat like a product
layout within a larger shop or process layout.
D.Fixed Position Layout:-
Definition:-
In this type of layout the material or major product remains constant and the machines and men move to that
location.
Material handling equipment
“It may be defined as the equipment which controls internal movement of material, from receipt,
through storage and production and up to the shipment of finished product.”
In Sunil fibres they also use this type of equipments, which are helpful to them in the safe movement
of their material.
Some equipment are as follows:-
Trolleys.
Fork Lifts.
Pallets.
Hydraulic Machines.
Boxes
1. TROLLEYS
2. FORK LIFTS
3.PALLETS
4. Hydraulic Machine
5. Boxes
Process of Manufacturing:-
Different techniques, such as weaving, printing, dying, shrouding, packing etc. are used
in the production process. Yarn is chief raw material of the company. It is not
manufactured at the plant of tempo gali. It is manufacturer in Pipodara G.I.D.C.
Process of production can be described as below:-
Obtaining the raw material.
Storing raw material.
Twisting the yarn.
Texturizing or crimping the yarn.
Draw Warping.
Sizing.
Weaving.
Dying and printing.
TEXTURING SPINNING
YARN
DEYING
WEAVING KNITTING
DYEING
PRINTING
FINISHING
The raw material consumed by the company is Partially Oriented Yarn (POY). The yarn is procured
from both internal and external sources.
Internal sources:-
Internal sources of the company comprise the manufacturing plant of Sunil fibres and material
purchase from “Surat Textile Mills” (STM), which is under Group of Company.
External sources:-
In the peak season, if the internal sources are unable to meet the demand, the company also procures
material from external sources like Modern, Indo-Rama, and Reliance etc.
Twisting the yarn:-
Parcel oriented yarn is either twisted, according to the requirements of material consumed in
production.
Process of twisting:-
a. Winding on bobbins: firstly POY is wound on bobbins, which are twisted on the twisting machine. The
winding of yarn is done on the winding machine.
b. Twisting machine: the POY wound on the bobbins is then titled on the twisting machine. On which the
yarn is twisted. In this process, first the yarn is passed through spindles on which the yarn is twisted in
both the opposite directions
Process of Crimping:-
Firstly, POY is put on machine in a specific amount. The place is called CRILL where it is put. After
the first delivery, the yarn is heated. Then it is passed through cooling plate. After that, the yarn is
passed through spindle assembly. Thereafter, it is passed through boiler and at all it is taken up. This is
what the crimping to Texturizing process is. There are two ways for punching the yarn.
Raito-punched or bound.
Crime-not punched.
DRAW WARPING:-
The POY is put directly on the Machine from the dump stove to draw warped process.
It’s the fully automatic system from the warping system. The process of drawing heat setting and
intermingling is carried out. It is given tension and then wound on beam.
SIZING:-
Sizing is a process of saving of yarn. The raw material for sizing is accessed either from dump store,
warp raw section or from Texturizing department. A beam is made at the beginning in the process on
this department. Warp yarn i.e. Vertical threads are made.
A. Warping.
B. Chemical processes.
C. Waxing.
D. Beaming.
Weaving:-
After making the process of twisting camping, sizing or drawing warp, the yarn is rent to the
weaving department. In grey cloth is manufactured through the process of weaving in this process one
thread is horizontal and other is vertical. Horizontal thread is called Weft and the vertical thread is
called Warp.
Aggregate Plan
Inventory control
(3) To Maintain Continuity in Production: The supplies of materials spare parts, consumable stores
etc. must be stocked to the optimum level, so that continuity of operations is maintained. The
inventory control system should ensure that production is completed as per schedule.
(4) Minimize the Cost of Purchasing and Storage: It is essential that there is economy in cost of
purchasing, cost of receiving and inspection, storage and issue of materials etc. The expenses to be
reduced to minimum are interest oh capital locked, insurance, maintenance, and inspection and
transportation costs.
(5) To Minimize the Wastage and Loss: In every manufacturing organization, there is a risk of
wastage and theft of stores, wastage and losses are likely to occur during movements and during the
production processes. Inventory control ensures that the risk of theft, wastage and losses are
minimized.
(6) To Reduce the Risk of Deterioration: If a considerable time elapses in the storage of
goods, there arise two types of risks (i) the deterioration of goods stored and (ii) the goods
becoming obsolete and out dated. Hence, inventory control ensures that such risk is
minimized.
B) CALCULATION OF EOQ
EOQ:-
Economic order quantity (EOQ) is that size of the order which gives maximum economy in
purchasing any material and ultimately contributes towards maintaining the materials at the
optimum level and at the minimum cost.
2*CO*D’
CI
Example:-
Pam runs a mail-order business for gym equipment. Annual demand for the TricoFlexers
is 16,000. The annual holding cost per unit is $2.50 and the cost to place an order is $50.
Quality control
Quality Policy of Sunil fibre. The Company follows the following slogan to show their quality
preference.
“Quality is true basis of viability”
Quality Control For Raw Material & Finished Goods. To make the POY the major R.M is POY
chips and spin-finished oil. In Sunil they always check the quality of this both. If they found any
bad quality then they will keep it aside. They also safely load the material in to the machine.
Once the POY made they also check the quality of it. They check the quality of the entire POY
bobbin. They take the sample from the each and every bobbin and then they make the sample
cloth from it. Then they dyed and print that cloth. And if there is any mistake then they tell to
production manager to solve it. If the quality is good then they put the symbol of OK tested and
then they pack that material. They also check the denier and also the filament of the POY. The
checking of denier is done with the help of the machine called “Rap Reel Machine”. And the
checking of filament is done by computerized system.
INTRODUCTION
Human resource management may be defined as a set of policies, practices and programmes designed
to maximize both personal and organizational goals. It is the process of binding people and
organizations together so that the objectives of each are achieved.
According to Flippo, personnel management or Human resource management is “the planning,
organizing, directing, and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration,
maintenance and reproduction of Human resource to the end that individual, organizational, and
societal objectives are accomplished.”
In any organization, human resource management is very useful to improve and maintain relation
between management and employee, trade union and management. It works as a watch dog on each
and every activity of employees, management, labour union, etc.
In this topic we discuss about how human resource department doing its activity to develop
good relation between employee and management to get success.
Sunil Fibres PVT.LTD has line and staff type of organization structure. Because there is
good relationship between superior and subordinate.
Line position.
Production department.
Selling department.
These departments come under staff position because they get advice from finance department
and human resource department in the matters like, purchasing, recruitment, selection, etc.
In sunil fibres total 150 employees worked and it 2 branches
HRP – Process
HRP - Process
Internal External
Oraganizational Political,Legal,Soci
Decisions al Changes
Forcasting
Techniques
Forecasting refers to the estimates of the future demand of the employee. This can be done by some
analysis. And to do analysis it considers some factors. There are mainly two factors which are as
follows:-
External factors.
Internal factors.
1. EXTERNAL FACTORS:-
A). POLITICAL, LEGAL, SOCIAL AND THE TECHNICAL CHANGES.
The demand for certain categories of employees and skills is also influenced by changes in
political, legal and social structure of an economy. In the Sunil Fibres, it has appointed the technicians
and engineers during the last couple of years by taking into consideration the latest technology in
construction, software etc. the company considers technology as a doubled-edged weapon. So, as a
when the technology changes, the company will also recruit new technicians & engineers to cope with
the technology.
B). COMPETITION.
Sunil Fibres is operating in a field where a large number of players are bent while cutting each
other’s throat. In order to stay in a competitive market, the company has to ‘LEAN’ by reducing their
workforce. The company is planning better workforce as competition has so much increased in the
market. On the other hand, the company is doing well and also progressing smoothly so it will always
look for people with critical skills.
2. INTERNAL FACTORS:-
A). ORGANIZATIONAL DECISIONS.
In planning H.R., the company undertakes the strategic plan; it takes into consideration the sales
and the production forecasts. The company is expecting higher demand of textured yarn and for this,
the company has planned long-term plan. Moreover, the company is in search of people possessing
requisite skills in next couple of years.
RECRUITMENT: -
DEFINITION OF RECRUITMENT: -
“It is process of finding and attracting capable applicants for employment. The process begins
when new recruits are sought and end when their applicants are admitted.
The result is pool of applications from which new employee are selected”
Recruitment is an important part of an organization’s human resource planning and their
competitive strength. Competent human resources at the right positions in the organization are a
vital resource and can be a core competency or a strategic advantage for it.
The objective of the recruitment process is to obtain the number and quality of employees that
can be selected in order to help the organization to achieve its goals and objectives. With the
same objective, recruitment helps to create a pool of prospective employees for the organization
In this is competitive global world and increasing flexibility in the Labour market, recruitment is
becoming more and more important in every business. Therefore, recruitment serves as the first
step in fulfilling the needs of organizations for a competitive, motivated and flexible human
resource that can help achieve its objectives
INTERNAL FACTORS: -
Requirement policy.
HRP strategic.
Size of the organization and number of employees.
Cost involve in recruiting employee.
Growth and expansion plan of the organization.
EXTERNAL FACTOR: -
Supply and demand of specific skills in the Labour market.
Political and legal consideration such as reservation of jobs for SC’s, and so on.
HRP and job analysis determine requirement and selection needs.
Recruitment Process:-
Recruitment
Planning
* Contact
*Type of
Contact
Strategy
Devlopment
*Internal
* External
Searching
* Source
Activation
* Selling
Screening
Evaluation &
Control
RECRUITMENT PROCESS
Recruitment Planning: -
SHREE SHAMBHUBHAI V.PATEL COLLEGE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 42
SUNIL FIBRES PVT.LTD
Number of contact.
Type of contact.
Strategy Devolvement: -
Make or buy.
Make (hire less skilled worker).
Buy (hire skilled labours and professional).
Technological sophistication or method used to reduce in recruitment.
Where to look or reduce costs.
How to look or source of recruitment.
INTERNAL RECRUITMENT: -
Present employee’s promotion.
Employee referrals or employee families and friends.
Former employees or some retired employees.
EXTERNAL RECRUITMENT: -
Professional or tread association.
Employment expanse.
Campus recruitment.
Consultancy.
Searching: -
Source activation.
Selling
SELECTION
After completing recruitment, selection process can be start on the basis of recruitment
application. First of all temporary job can be offer then after training given to employees during
these induction program can be bone through this new employee introduce with company and
other detail of company given to new employee then training given and then after probation basis
job offer i.e. part of temporary job with some condition can be offered.
Definition:-
“It is the process of differentiate between company applicants in order to identify (and hire) those
with a greater like hood of success in a job.”
Selection process
Preliminary Interview
Selection test
Employment Interview
Selection decision
Physical Examination
Job offer
Employment contract
Evaluation
Sources of Recruitment:-
Sources of Recruitment
Internal Methods
-- Promorions & Trnsfers
Direct Methods
-- Campus Recruitment
Indirect Methods
SOURCES OF RECRUITMENT:-
Recruitment is positive in nature because it attracts as many as possible applicants. The Garden
Company is recruiting people by using three methods. They are as follows:-
A. Internal Methods.
B. Direct Methods.
C. Indirect Methods.
A. INTERNAL METHODS:-
Internal methods means to recruit the employee from with in the company, some internal
methods are as follows:-
PROMOTIONS AND TRANSFERS.
JOB POSTING.
JOB POSTING: -
This is the way used by Sunil fibres to hire people from within the organization. Under this, the
company publishes job openings on bulletins, boards, electronic media and other similar
outlets. The main aim of the company is to use this method because it offers a change to highly
qualified applicants working within the company to look for growth opportunities within the
company without looking for green pastures outside.
B. DIRECT METHODS:-
CAMPUS RECRUITMENT:-
The company is not much using this method of recruitment. Under this method, the managers
of the company visit the college campus and their placement centers. This method is not used by the
company because there are more disadvantages rather than the advantages. The main disadvantage
is that campus recruitment can be costly for the company. The reason behind this is that the
expenses of welfare boarding and lodging expense of recruits.
C. INDIRECT METHODS:
The indirect method consists of the advertisements in the newspapers, information written on the
notice board of the required employee etc.
SUNIL FIBRES follows these two methods for recruitment:-
Internal Methods.
Indirect Methods.
The Sunil fibres gives training to the employees who needs after their work have been examined.
And also the training is given to those who are new in the organization. So the company gives
training not to all but the few of its employees. The company gives the training for about 1 year. The
employees are observed by the senior officers.
As per the rule of the government a person has to undergo training at the Indian Institute of Training.
Here he is supposed to do training for 2 years and then with the company apprentice for 1 year.
INDUCTION TRAINING
Induction means “ to receive and welcome the new employee when he first join the company and also
give some basic information of the company to the employee, so he starts his work soon and he also
aware about the company’s environment as soon as possible”.
SUNIL FIBRES too provides Induction. Some reasons for that are as follows:-
Workers become aware of company’s environment.`
The fear can be removed.
Workers become aware about the company’s rules and regulations.
He came to know about the location of various plant and machinery.
TYPES OF PROMOTION: -
HORIZONTAL PROMOTION
It increases the responsibilities and pay with a change in designation but the person does not
transgress job classification. For eg; head-clerk from clerk
VERTICAL PROMOTION
It results in greater responsibility, prestige, along with the increase in pay and a change in the
nature of the job.
DRY PROMOTION
Dry promotion means sometimes increase in remuneration or better designation but the
responsibilities is not changed. The promoted sometimes may be given increments annually or
semi- annually.
DEMOTION
A demotion is a reduction in rank, often accompanied with a lower pay status. There are many
situations in which a demotion might occur; any kind of ranked system like a police department or
military, for example, uses demotions as a disciplinary tool, while some employees are at risk of
demotion due to reorganization or substandard work. Most people view a demotion as a
punishment, since it implies that the individual was incapable of performing at a higher rank, and
the opposite of a demotion is a promotion, an elevation in rank or status.
Most commonly, a demotion occurs when someone fails to perform as expected. This failure
may not be severe enough to be punished with employment termination, but it does require a
rethinking of the employee's job responsibilities and functions. When someone is demoted, he or
she may be demoted within a department or outside it, depending on company needs. Being
demoted in a department can be awkward, as the employee's co-workers will be well aware of his or
her fall from grace
INCREMENTS
In Sunil fibres increment is given on the basis of Performance Appraisal. Staff is given 4 Grades:
A, B, C, D and on the basis of grades increments are given.
For eg; For Grade A maximum increment is given, B is given lesser than A, C is given lesser than
A-B and D is given the least increment.
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
Performance appraisal can be defined as the process of systematic, periodic and impartial
estimating the value excellence, qualities and thereby evaluating the performance of a person in
terms of requirement of the job for which he is employed.The management uses the performance
appraisal results for promotion and transfer, identifying training and development needs.
Management has established some performance standards upon which the appraisal is done.
Discussing Results
The most difficult part of the Performance appraisal process is measuring the actual performance of the
employees that is the work done by the employees during the specified period of time. It is a
continuous process which involves monitoring the performance throughout the year. This stage
requires the careful selection of the appropriate techniques of measurement, taking care that personal
bias does not affect the outcome of the process and providing assistance rather than interfering in an
employees work.
COMPARING THE ACTUAL WITH THE DESIRE PERFORMANCE:-
The actual performance is compared with the desired or the standard performance. The comparison
tells the deviations in the performance of the employees from the standards set. The result can show
the actual performance being more than the desired performance or, the actual performance being less
than the desired performance depicting a negative deviation in the organizational performance. It
includes recalling, evaluating and analysis of data related to the employees’ performance.
DISCUSSING RESULTS: -
The result of the appraisal is communicated and discussed with the employees on one-to-one basis.
The focus of this discussion is on communication and listening. The results, the problems and the
possible solutions are discussed with the aim of problem solving and reaching consensus. The
feedback should be given with a positive attitude as this can have an effect on the employees’ future
performance. The purpose of the meeting should be to solve the problems faced and motivate the
employees to perform better.
DECISION MAKING: -
The last step of the process is to take decisions which can be taken either to improve the performance
of the employees, take the required corrective actions, or the related HR decisions like rewards,
promotions, demotions, transfers etc.
The government decides the minimum wage payment and as per the law all the companies has to pay
the above mentioned minimum wage to its employees.
INTRODUCTION
In the Sunil fibres Company, there are separate department of Accounting Department &
Financial Department. The Company‘s financial position in the textile industry is very strong
so that we said that the company’s finance department is very strong. Hear show “the
structure of finance department”.
Whole
time
Director
General
Executive Company Legal Tax
Manager
Manager Secretary Matters Consultant
(Finance)
Junior
Executive
INTRODUCTION:-
Working capital is one of the most fundamental measures of company’s financial strength. If company
possesses a significant value of liquid assets, it can easily fund its day-to-day business obligation. Working
capital also provides insight on how efficiently a company’s management able to oversee the company
operation. The speed at which the company is able to manage its short term assets and short term liabilities is
also crucial to its business success. Keeping working capital level to the minimum required for efficient
operation keeps cost down. This means controlling buying, handling, storing, and managing stock property.
In simple terms, working capital refers to the cash a company Requires in order to finance its
Day-to-day business operation or in other words, working capital refers to the amount of capital which is
readily available to an organization. The term working capital is more an accounting term a management
concept. There are two concept of working capital for the purpose of definition – Gross Concept and Net
Concept. Gross Concept refers to firm’s current assets. The firm’s total current assets are termed as gross
working capital. Net Concept refers to current assets less current liabilities. That means, working capital
is difference between resources in cash or readily convertible into cash (current assets) and organizational
commitment for which cash will soon be required (current liabilities).
Working Capital = Current Assets – Current Liabilities.
a. CASH MANAGEMENT
Cash management refers to the practices and techniques designed to accelerate and control collections,
ensure promote deposits of receipts, improve control over disbursement methods, and eliminate idle
cash balances. The objective of cash management is to “keep the investment in cash as low as possible
while still operating the firm’s activities efficiently and effectively”.
Reasons For Holding Cash:-
Cash is maintained for compensating balances. Compensating balances are the bank balances that a firm
must maintain to compensate the bank for services rendered or for granting a loan. A minimum required
compensating balance at bank providing credit service to the firm may impose a lower limit on the level
of cash a firm holds.
Cash is desirable because it offers more liquidity then other interest bearing securities provide.
B.RECEIVABLE MANAGEMENT
The accounts receivables are generated which are collected at a future date only when the firm grants
credit against an ordinary sale of goods or services without receiving cash. Credit sale is an essential part
of the present competitive economic system. It is granted in order to increase the volume of sales. As
such receivables which are created out of credit sales are considered as a marketing tool for increasing
sales. But extension of credit involves cost of risk. Therefore, management should weigh the benefits
against cost. As such, the objective of receivables management is to promote sales and profit until
optimum point is reached.
Receivables are created out of trade credit and which are collected in the near future. The debtors have got
the three distinct characteristics:-
(I) it involves risk which should carefully be studied since cash sales are risk less whereas at the time of
credit sales, cash is yet to be received.
(II) It is based on present economic value of goods passes immediately, whereas, the seller expects an
equivalent benefit at a later date.
(III) It implies futurity. The value of goods or services received by the buyer will be payable by him at a
future date.
No doubt, receivables play a significant role in the total current assets composition since their position is
next to inventories. In India, they form about one third of total current assets.
CREDIT POLICY
A firm’s investment in accounts receivable depends on the volume of credit sales and the collection
period. There is one way in which the financial manager can affect the volume of credit sales and
collection period and consequently, investment in account receivables. That is through the changes in
credit policy. The term credit policy is used to refer to the combination of three decision variables:-
(i) Credit Standards.
(ii) Credit Terms.
(iii) Collection efforts, on which the financial manager has influence.
Credit Standards are criteria to decide the types of customers to whom goods could be sold on
credit. If a firm has more slow-paying customers, its investment in accounts receivables will increase.
The firm will also be exposed to higher risk of default.
Credit Terms specify duration of credit and terms of payment by customers. Investment in
account receivables will be high if customers are allowed extended time period for making payments.
Collection Efforts determine the actual collection period. The lower the collection period, the lower
the investment in accounts receivable and vice versa.
It refers to the debtors converted into receivables. Debtor turnover ratio indicates the number of
times debtors turnover each year. Generally, the higher the value of debtors’ turnover, the more
efficient is the management of credit.
D. INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
For many business firms, inventory is one of the visible and tangible of doing business. Raw materials,
work in process and finished goods all represent various form of inventory. In simple words, inventory
refers to stocks of good necessary to do business.
In fact, for a business firm, inventory is both an assets and a liability. Too much inventory
consumes physical space, causes of financial burden, and increasing the possibility of damage,
spoilage and loss. On the other hand, too little inventory disrupts manufacturing operations, engenders
chaos on the shop floor, poor customer service.
TYPES OF INVENTORY
Raw Material Inventory:-
These are goods which have not yet been committed to production in a manufacturing firm. They
may consist of basic raw material.
Work-In-Process:-
This includes those materials which have been committed to production process but have not yet
been completed.
Finished goods:-
These are completed products awaiting sale. They are the final output of the production process in
manufacturing firms.
Supplies:-
A fourth kind of inventory, Supplies or what is called consumable -stores are also maintained by
the firms. These materials are of low value & they do not enter the production process, for
example oil, fuel, bulbs, soaps etc.
Scrap:-
The waste of materials arising during manufacturing process is also a part of the inventory. Even
defective pieces to be disposed off are a part of in inventory.
Inventory
Holding Days
Year Total Sales Inventory Turnover
of Inventory
Ratio
2014-2015 1384.75 217.55 6.36 56.60
2015-2016 2662.34 365.36 7.47 48.193
2016-2017 3667.41 641.09 5.72 62.94
Interpretation:-
From the above table it can be seen that the total assets and total liabilities are taken as a base
year 100%. The inventory is more in the year 2017 i.e.641.09 as compared to 2016 and 2015i.e.
365.36 & 217.55. The cash and bank balance is more in the year 2015 i.e.12.50 as compared to
2016 and 2017i.e. 10.04 & 5.38. The current assets is more in the year 2017 i.e.806.01 as
compared to 2016 and 2015 i.e.502.27 & 297.52. The currents Liabilities is more in the year
2017 i.e.548.73 as compared to 2016 and 2015 i.e.451.14 & 263.80. The total assets is more in
the year 2017 i.e.1868.27 as compared to 2016 and 2015 i.e.1518.22 & 1339.09. The totals
Liabilities is more in the year 2017 i.e.1868.27 as compared to 2016 and 2015 i.e.1518.22 &
1339.09.
Financial Ratios
Manufacture sector
(A)Revenue Statement Ratios:-
Net sales
X 100
Interpretation:- Here we can see that the gross profit ratio in 2016 decreased by 0.353%. It
shows the efficiency of the firm but in 2017 the gross profit ratio is increased by 0.904% so we
can conclude that in this year the company has the ability of controlling the cost of its inventory
and manufacturing the product.
Interpretation: In the year 2015, a company is having net profit of 3.58 % that means
company is able to pay all the expenses of the firm but in the next year decreasing trend of net
profit also shows that it is able to pay all the expenses of the firm including taxes, interest and
depreciation.
Net sales
× 100
Sales 1384.75 2662.34 3667.41
Operating profit ratio 90.25961% 88.8767% 87.898%
Interpretation: The operating ratio is decrease by approx. 2.5 %. It shows that a company has
good overall operating efficiency incorporating all the expenses of ordinary daily business
activity so it is more profitable.
d) Expense ratio:-
Average stock
Interpretation:- higher inventory turnover ratio is better than a lower inventory turnover ratio. A higher
ratio implies good inventory management and an indication of under investment lower inventory
turnover ratio indication of excessive inventory and over investment in inventory.
A) Current ratio:-
The current ratio is a measure of the firm’s short-term solvency. It indicates the availability of current
assets in rupees for every one rupee of current liability. A ratio of greater than one means that the
firm .have more current assets than current liability to meet short-term requirement. The current ratio
2:1 is considered satisfactory.
Interpretation: Current ratio indicates the working capital position. The satisfactory ratio is
2:1 but company is showing declining working capital position as their current ratio in 2015
and 2016 approx. 1.32:1 & 1.27:1. In 2017 the ratio is 1.598:1 showing more ratios then
previous 2 years, company should take corrective action to increase it.
Interpretation: The satisfactory ratio is 1:1. According to this we can conclude that Sunil industry
is having average liquidity position.
Interpretation: The satisfactory ratio is 1:1. According to this we can conclude that SUNIL
industry is having poor liquidity position.
D)Proprietary Ratio: -
Interpretation: The increasing rate of proprietary ratio shows that the financial position of
the Sunil industry is stronger, as it signifies that the proprietors have provided larger funds to
purchase the assets.
Owner fund
Interpretation: An increasing ratio indicates that outside creditors have a larger claim than
the owners of the business.
Interpretation: A increasing rate shows that fixed interest is also increasing in comparison to
fixed Equity shares. The reason behind this increase rate is that company is having good amount
of profit
Long term funds to fixed assets ratio= Total long run fund
Interpretation: A increasing rate shows that fixed capital is also increasing in comparison to
fixed assets. The reason behind this increase rate is that company is using short term forms in
purchasing assets.
C) Composite ratios:-
Interpretation: The profitability increased from 2015 to 2016 by approx. 2.50 % but in 20117the
return on capital employed was more in comparison to 2015.
Interpretation: The profitability increased from 2015 to 2016 by 1.50 % but in 2017 the
shareholders got more return in comparison to 2015.
c) Debtors ratio:-
Interpretation:- As from the above table we can see that year by year the debtors
ratio is reducing which shows that the company has less chance of debts and the liquidity
position is also good.
Debtor ratio
Interpretation:- higher debtors turnover ratio is better than for company to have a good liquity
position against short term.
E) Creditor’s ratio:-
Interpretation:-. As from the above table we can see that year by year the Creditors ratio is
reducing which shows that the company has good liquidity fund which helps to pay to the
creditors before due date to reduce the burden of liabilities of the company.
Interpretation:- higher creditor turnover ratio is better than for company to have a
good liquidity position against short term liabilities.
Interpretation: The increasing rate of total assets turnover ratios shows that company has a
capacity to sell more and as such its profitability is more.
Conclusion
DEPARTMENT
Marketing Management-
(By MAHAVIR BANASAL)
Human resource Management
Production Management –
Finance Management-
(By SHIVDAS KUMAR VERMA)
o Website
http://www.sunilfibers.com
https://www.infodriveindia.com
https://www.google.com
https://www.corporateinformation.com
https://www.zaubacorp.com/company/SUNIL-FIBERS-
PRIVATE-LIMITED/U17116GJ2001PTC040047