Hands-on-Workshop

Basic switch configuration

Table of contents
 Exploration
» Initial connection
» Start-up
» Default parameters

 Explore operating system

» CLI syntax
» System commands
» Files and updates
 Managing ports
 Troubleshooting
Hands-on-Workshop

Initial connection
The various connection methods

► One of the following methods must be used for connection in order

to configure or supervise the switches:
– Via DB9 terminal port
• Terminal emulator (e.g. Hyperterminal under Windows)
– Via the network on an IP network
• Telnet / SSH
• By SNMP
• By GUI (HTTP/Java)

► These two latter methods need an IP address to be assigned to the

switch. A terminal emulator via the serial port is therefore the only
possible method initially.
Connection via DB9 serial port

► Connect one of the serial ports

(Com ports) from the PC to the
switch's serial port using the
cable supplied.
► Run PuTTY.

2 - Select the Com port used

Connection via DB9 serial port

3 - Serial port parameters: 9600, 8, N, 1 4 - Change properties:

No flow control VT100 terminal, terminal keys
Connection via DB9 serial port

login:

► Default account:
– Login: manager
– Password: friend
Hands-on-Workshop

Start-up
Start-up: bootloader

 The AlliedWare Plus™ Bootloader allows a number of

operations to be performed before loading the operating system.

 The user can access the bootloader when the following

message appears:
Bootloader 1.0.9 loaded
Press <Ctrl+B> for the Boot Menu
Start-up: bootloader
 The Bootloader menu:
Boot Menu:
0. Restart
------------------------------------------------------
1. Perform one-off boot from alternate source
2. Change the default boot source (for advanced users)
3. Update Bootloader
4. Adjust the console baud rate
5. Special boot options
6. System information
7. Restore Bootloader factory settings
------------------------------------------------------
9. Quit and continue booting

Enter selection ==>

Loading AlliedWare Plus™
Bootloader 1.0.9 loaded
Press <Ctrl+B> for the Boot Menu
Reading filesystem...
Loading flash:r6-5.3.3-0.4.rel...
Verifying release... OK
Booting...
______________ ____
/\ \ / /______\
/ \ \_ __/ /| ______ |
/ \ | | / | ______ |
/ \ \ / / \ ____ /
/______/\____\ \/ /____________/

Allied Telesis Inc.

AlliedWare Plus (TM) v5.2.1
Original release filename: r6-5.3.3-0.4.rel
Built: Tue Mar 11 13:58:20 NZDT 2008 by: maker@awpmaker04-dl

Mounting virtual filesystems... [ OK ]

Mounting static filesystems... [ OK ]
Mounting flash... [ OK ]
Checking NVS filesystem... [ OK ]
………
Loading AlliedWare Plus™

 Each module is loaded and sends a status message to the screen:

» OK: Shows that the module is correctly loaded

» INFO: Displays an error that doesn't affect the operation

» ERROR: Displays an error that affects the operation of the module

Default parameters
Default parameters

► Passwords are encrypted.

► Logs are activated.
► Support for jumbo frames is activated on all ports.
► Telnet access is activated.
► Rapid Spanning Tree (RSTP) is activated (ports are not in
Portfast mode).
► All ports are untagged in the VLAN 1.
► All RJ45 ports support auto-negotiation and auto MDI/X.
The Command line modes (CLI)
The Command line modes

► AlliedWare™ Plus is a hierarchical command line operating

system, with three levels (User, Privilege & Configuration)
► The following commands are used to switch from one mode to
another: Interface
Configuration
mode
Enable Configure Terminal
Global Other Functions
User mode Privilege mode configuration Configuration
mode mode
Disable End
Ctrl + C Router
Ctrl + Z Configuration
Mode
The Command line modes

► User Mode

– In this mode, the user has access to a restricted set of commands that
do not affect the operation of the switch, but are used to perform some
diagnostic tests.
– The prompt appears on screen as follows:

awplus>
The Command line modes

► Privileged Mode

– In this mode, all system commands are accessible, including file system
management, protocol function display, reboot in factory configuration,
etc.
– Enter the command " enable" from user mode to activate this mode.
– Use "disable" to quit this mode.
– The prompt appears on screen as follows:

awplus#
The Command line modes

► Global Configuration Mode

– This mode gives access to all configuration commands for the equipment.
– Enter the command "configure terminal" from privilege mode to activate
this mode.
– Use "end" to quit this mode.
– The prompt appears on screen as follows:
awplus(config)#
– Privilege mode commands can be executed from this mode by prefixing
them with "do":
awplus(config)# do show ip interface brief
The Help system
Help system

► Help is available from all 3 operating modes using:

?

► To display the options for a command, enter the command + ?

show ?

► The system has a command completion module:

– Enter the start of the command then <TAB> to use this
sh + <TAB> = show

► The up/down arrow keys recall the last commands used.

Remote administration
Remote administration

► The switch needs an IP address to be assigned on a VLAN that

becomes the administration VLAN1 so that it can be administered
remotely:
– It is the VLAN 1 (default) that is used here
awplus> enable
awplus# configure terminal
awplus(config)# interface vlan1
awplus(config-if)# ip address <address/mask>
awplus(config-if)# end
awplus# show ip interface
Interface IP-Address Status Protocol
vlan1 x.x.x.x admin up down
Remote administration

► Add the default gateway

– To connect to the administration IP network from another network, a
default route must be defined (or an explicit route to the remote IP
network).
awplus(config)# ip route X.X.X.X/A Y.Y.Y.Y

X.X.X.X = Destination network

A = Sub-network mask
Y.Y.Y.Y = Address of the router

– Default route to 192.168.1.254

ip route 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.254
Remote administration

► Removal
– To remove an IP address:
awplus(config)# interface vlan1
awplus(config-if)# no ip address
Managing users
Managing users

► Creating/modifying users
– You have to be in configuration mode:
awplus> enable
awplus# configure terminal
– Creation/Modification:
awplus(config)# username <name> privilege <1-15>
password <password>
– Only users with privilege 15 have access to privilege and configuration
modes.
– The command 'no' removes a user:
awplus(config)# no username <name>
Configuration management
Configuration management

► Input commands from the command line interface are

recognised dynamically.
► Commands entered are stored in the running configuration.
► The running configuration is not saved automatically.
► The running configuration has to be saved so it can be used
when the switch boots up.
► Several configuration files can be stored in the switch's flash
memory.
Running configuration management
► Display the running configuration (from the memory)
– You have to be in privilege mode:
awplus> enable

– Display configuration:
awplus# show running-config <module>
module=access-list, interface, stack, etc..
(full list with show running-config ?)

– Partial display of configuration containing a particular word:

awplus# show running-config|include <word>

– Partial display of configuration from particular word:

awplus# show running-config|begin <word>
Managing start-up configuration
► Display the start-up configuration (from flash)
– You have to be in privilege mode:
awplus> enable

– Display configuration:
awplus# show startup-config <module>
module=access-list, interface, stack, etc..
(full list with show running-config ?)

– Partial display of configuration containing a particular word:

awplus# show startup-config|include <word>

– Partial display of configuration from particular word:

awplus# show startup-config|begin <word>
Managing start-up configuration

► Save configuration (Privilege mode):

– Save in default start-up file:
awplus# copy running-config startup-config

– The start-up configuration is stored in the flash memory by default in the

default.cfg file with the alias startup-config.

– Save to another file:

awplus# copy running-config ulis.cfg
awplus# dir (Display flash)
Managing start-up configuration

► Display of start-up file (Privilege mode):

– The default alias startup-config is associated with the default.cfg file
– Display:
awplus# show boot
Boot configuration
----------------------------------------------------
Current software : r6-5.3.3-0.1.rel
Current boot image : flash:/r6-5.3.3-0.1.rel
Backup boot image : Not set
Default boot config: flash:/default.cfg
Current boot config: flash:/default.cfg (file
exists)
Managing start-up configuration
► Allocation of start-up file (Configuration mode):
– The file associated with the alias startup-config can be change via:
awplus(config)# boot config-file ulis.cfg
awplus(config)# end
awplus#show boot
Boot configuration
----------------------------------------------------
Current software : r6-5.3.3-0.1.rel
Current boot image : flash:/r6-5.3.3-0.1.rel
Backup boot image : Not set
Default boot config: flash:/default.cfg
Current boot config: flash:/ulis.cfg (file exists)
– From this point, the command:
awplus# copy running-config startup-config
will save to the file ulis.cfg
Managing start-up configuration
► Restore to factory configuration
– Reset the startup-config alias to its default value default.cfg (Mode
Config):
awplus(config)# no boot config-file
awplus(config)# do sh boot

– Remove start-up file (Privilege mode):

awplus# erase startup-config

– Reboot (Privilege mode):

awplus# reload
System parameters
System parameters (Display)
► Display of global parameters (Privilege mode):
– Modules installed & hardware review
– State of memory
– Software version
awplus# show system

► Display of power & ventilation parameters:

– Status
– Voltage
– Temperatures
awplus# show system environment

► Display of serial number:

awplus# show system serialnumber

► Display of SFPs:
awplus# show system pluggable
System parameters (Modify)

► Add/remove a name to the switch (Config mode):

awplus(config)# hostname RepCentral
RepCentral(config)# no hostname
awplus(config)#

► Apply a banner (Config mode):

– Apply a banner:
awplus(config)#banner motd Welcome to Main Distributor

– Removal of banner
awplus(config)#no banner motd
Managing clock
Managing clock
► Display:
awplus# show clock
UTC Time: Thu, 17 Jan 2008 14:09:04 +0000
Timezone: UTC
Timezone Offset: +00:00
Summer time zone: None

► Configure time zone:

awplus(config)# clock timezone PARIS plus 1:00

► Configuration:
awplus# clock set <hh:mm:ss> <day> <month> <year>

► NTP configuration:
awplus(config)# ntp server <NTP IP address>
awplus(config)# no ntp server
"Summer time" configuration

► The switch can apply summer time and winter time automatically.
► You have to define a geographical zone, giving the times and dates
of the changeover.
awplus(config)# clock summer-time ZONENAME recurring START-WEEK
START-DAY START-MONTH START-TIME END-WEEK END-DAY END-MONTH END-
TIME <1-180>
awplus(config)# clock summer-time PARIS recurring 5 Sun Mar 02:00 5
Sun Oct 03:00 60
Managing file system
Managing file system
► Display Files (Privilege mode):
awplus# dir
-rw- 12539254 Nov 9 2007 15:21:57 r6-5.3.3-0.1.rel
-rw- 12534263 Oct 5 1977 12:49:45 r6-5.3.3.rel

► Display Files (including hidden files) (Privilege mode):

awplus# dir all
drwx 0 Jan 17 2008 13:54:07 .configs/
drwx 0 Jan 17 2008 11:16:58 ./
-rw- 2849 Nov 20 2007 18:43:01 fallback-config.cfg
-rw- 17 Nov 9 2007 15:23:45 .release
-rw- 12539254 Nov 9 2007 15:21:57 r6-5.3.3-0.1.rel
drwx 227 Oct 28 2007 23:44:27 ../
-rw- 12534263 Oct 5 1977 12:49:45 r6-5.3.3.rel
drwx 0 Oct 5 1977 12:48:12 .home/
Managing file system
► Managing directories
– Create a directory mkdir <url>
– Remove a directory rmdir <url>
– Change a directory cd <url> ou cd..
– Display running directory pwd
– Change media cd flash:/ ou cd card:/

► Managing files
– Copy a file copy <Src-url> <Dest-url>
– Delete a file del <url>
Types of URL permitted:
filename
tftp://10.0.0.1/filename to or from 10.0.0.1 in tftp
sftp:// 10.0.0.1/filename to or from 10.0.0.1 in sftp scp://
10.0.0.1/filename to or from 10.0.0.1 in scp
flash:/filename to or from Flash
card:/filename to or from SD position
Managing file system
► Copy assistant
– A copy assistant has been included to simplify file transfer between switch
and other equipment.
– To use it, you define the source medium and destination medium, then
answer the assistant's questions.
Examples:
copy tftp flash copy from a tftp server to flash
copy flash tftp copy from flash to tftp server
– Back up a test.cfg file to a tftp server at address 10.0.0.1
awplus# copy flash tftp
Enter source file name []:test.cfg
Enter destination host name []:10.0.0.1
Enter destination file name [test.cfg]:test.cfg
Copying..
Update operating system
Update
► Transfer the image to the flash
– Use the transfer assistant (Privilege mode):
awplus# copy tftp flash
awplus# enter source host name[]:192.168.1.254
awplus# enter source file name[]:r6-5.3.3-0.4.rel
awplus# enter source file name[r6-5.3.3-0.4.rel]:r6-
5.3.3-0.4.rel

– Check the file is in the flash (Privilege mode):

awplus# dir

– Define the release file as start-up image (Config mode):

awplus(config)# boot system r6-5.3.3-0.4.rel
awplus(config)# do show boot
Update
► It is possible to set a second software image
– This image will be used to reboot the switch if the first one cannot be loaded into the memory
(missing, corrupted, etc.).
– This image may be the same version as the main image.
– This image may be a different version of the main image.

► Example: Use of the same version of main image and back-up

awplus# copy r6-5.3.3-0.4.rel r6-5.3.3-0.4.back.rel
awplus# configure terminal
awplus(config)# boot backup r6-5.3.3-0.4.back.rel
awplus(config)# do show boot
Managing ports
Numbering ports

► In AlliedWare Plus the physical switch ports are designated by

portx.y.z (e.g.: port1.0.1)
– x indicates the switch number in a stack
(x=1 if the switch is not stacked).
– y indicates the XEM number.
(y=0 for native ports of an x600 or x900 switch).
– z indicates the port number in the module.

N° of XEM for AT-x900 N° of XEM for AT-SBx908

Numbering ports

► Definition of a "Range" of ports:

– Continuous range of ports:
portx.y.z-portx.y.z
or
portx.y.z-x.y.z

– Selected ports:
portx.y.z,portx.y.z

► Example: to perform actions on port 1 to 3 and 5 (Mode Config)

awplus(config)# interface port1.0.1-1.0.3,port1.0.5
Configuring ports
► Activation/deactivation (Config mode):
– Deactivation
awplus(config)# interface port1.0.1
awplus(config-if)# shutdown

– Activation
awplus(config)# interface port1.0.1
awplus(config-if)# no shutdown

► Configuring speed
awplus(config-if)# speed <value>
10 set 10 Mbps link speed
100 set 100 Mbps link speed
1000 set 1000 Mbps link speed
auto set link speed autonegotiation
Configuring ports

► Configuring duplex mode (Config Mode):

awplus(config-if)# duplex <value>
auto set auto-negotiate
full set full-duplex
half set half-duplex

► To assign a name to the port:

awplus(config-if)# description <value>
Troubleshooting
All together with one command

► Together with the usual elements (configuration files, network

diagram, etc.), other information is required:
– On the AlliedWare Plus™ equipment:

show tech-support

► The show tech-support command gathers certain necessary

information and creates a tech-support.txt.gz file (gzip) in the
Flash memory root.
► This file must be sent to the technical support if there are
problems.
Other debug commands

► Switch tables
– The various equipment tables can be displayed using the command:
show platform table <table-name>

► The names of the most commonly used tables are:

– fdb – the table of MAC addresses in summary form
– ip – the ARP table
– ipmulti – the multicast IP table
– l2mc – the multicast L2 table
– port counters

► The connectivity test tools (ping, traceroute) are also available.

 ?
?

Questions
?
? ?
 Thank You!

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