Michelle Wilcock

The goal of this assignment is to try and find out the average percent of colored skittles that one
can find in an average 2.17 oz bag of skittles. We will use statistical information collected for
this project, such as the average amount of colors in the entire sample and percentages of each
color. We will also represent this information in two different graphs; the pie chart and the pareto
chart.

Purple 19% Red 20%

Green 20% Orange

20%

Yellow 21%

Red, 425 Orange, 430 Yellow, 456 Green, 439 Purple, 413

Based off the pie chart, we can say that out of any bag of skittles 33% are going to be purple,
18% are going to be yellow, 17% are going to be red and green, and 15% will be orange.

Based off the pareto chart we get about the opposite results from the pie chart. Which are, about
90% of skittles will be yellow, 70% will be green, 50% will be orange, 40% will be red, and 20%
will be purple.
Michelle Wilcock

Entire sample data:

Color of Skittles Total
Red 425
Yellow 456
Green 439
Purple 413
Orange 430

My sample data: (single bag of skittles)

Color of Skittles Total
Red 11
Yellow 7
Green 11
Purple 12
Orange 13

My bag of skittles data compared to the entire sample size is: 20% red and green, 13% yellow,
22% purple, and 24% orange. Which are relatively similar figures to the pie chart of the entire
sample.
5 number summary of entire sample data with mean and standard deviation.
Min 54
Q1 59
Median 60
Q3 62
Max 64
Mean 60.1
Standard Deviation 2.03
Michelle Wilcock

Total candies in each bag

48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66

Total number of bags in Sample Number of skittles in my bag

36 54

There are some major differences between categorical and quantitative data. For quantitative
data the values can be measured or counted. Such as the number of skittles in a bag. As for
categorical data they are either numbers with no mathematical meaning or they are observations,
such as red, green skittles. Graphs that make sense with categorical data would be the pareto
chat, bar graph, and pie chart. And graphs that make sense for quantitative data would be
scatterplot, stem-and-leaf, and dot plot. Because with the quantitative data you can manipulate is
mathematically and the data in the graph will still make sense. Which wouldn’t be the case for
categorical data, because you can’t divide the color red by a number and have it make sense.
Michelle Wilcock

Confidence Interval Estimates

Confidence intervals are a range of values with a specified probability that the parameter is
within that range. They are used in statistics to estimate the parameter, the range of value gives a
margin of error, because we cannot be absolutely certain.
Construct a 99% confidence interval estimate for the true proportion of yellow candies
n= 2163 c.v.= 2.575
x= 456 x/n= 0.211

E= 2.575 √0.211(1 − 0.211)/2163 = 0.023

.211-0.023<p<.211+.023

0.188<p<0.234

Construct a 95% confidence interval estimate for the true mean number of candies per bag.
n= 36 c.v.= 1.96
s= 2.03
μ= 60.1

E= 1.96(2.03/ √36)= 0.663

60.1-0.663<µ<60.1+0.663
59.437<μ<60.763
Hypothesis Tests
A hypothesis test determines if the hypothesis, a claim about a population, is false or possibly
valid. You can never prove a hypothesis, you can only fail to reject it.
Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that 20% of all Skittles candies are red.
Hₒ: p=.20 α=0.05
H1: p≠.20 p-hat= 0.196
n=36
.2−.196
z= = 0.06
.2(1−.2)
√
36

Our z is less than our critical value of 1.96 at 5%. So, we conclude that 20% of all Skittles
candies are red in the entire data set.
Michelle Wilcock

Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the mean number of candies in a bag of
Skittles is 55.
Ho: μ=55 s= 2.03 ẍ=60
H1: μ≠55 n= 36
60−55
t= 2.03 = 14.78
√36

Our t is greater than the critical value of 2.845 at 1%. So, we conclude that the mean number of
skittles in a bag is not 55.

Reflection
I think some possible errors that could have been made using this data are that; someone may
have miscounted that actual number of skittles in their bag or a calculation could have been done
incorrectly, or someone getting the wrong size of skittle bag. The sampling method could be
improved by insuring that everyone only gets the 2.17 oz bag of skittles instead of possibly
getting a different size.