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Contents
1. ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS ................................................................................................................ 2
1.1 Client ....................................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Company Code ........................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 Edit, Copy, Delete, Check Company Code............................................................................... 2
1.4 Business Area ........................................................................................................................ 10
1.4.1 Define Business area ..................................................................................................... 10
2. FISCAL YEAR VARIANT ................................................................................................................... 12
2.1 Maintain Fiscal Year Variant ....................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1 Calendar Year ................................................................................................................ 15
2.1.2 Non-Calendar Year ........................................................................................................ 16
2.1.3 Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant ................................................................ 18
3. CURRENCIES .................................................................................................................................. 19
3.1 Currencies and Exchange Rate Types ................................................................................... 19
3.1.1 Enter Exchange Rates .................................................................................................... 19
3.1.2 Direct Quotation ........................................................................................................... 20
3.1.3 Indirect Quotation......................................................................................................... 20
3.2 Translation Ratios ................................................................................................................. 21
3.3 Maintaining Exchange Rates ................................................................................................. 21
3.4 Exchange Rate Spreads ......................................................................................................... 21
3.5 Base Currency ....................................................................................................................... 21
3.6 Direct/Indirect Quotation of Exchange Rates ....................................................................... 21
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SAP FI (Financials) Notes Email: info@softtechno.co.uk
Website: www.softtechno.co.uk
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1. ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS
Business Example
Your client's company is a medium-sized enterprise based in the course country. The
enterprise is a single legal entity.
1.1 Client
The client is the highest level in the mySAP system hierarchy.
Execute
Double click on
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Enter „From Company Code: 2000 and „To Company Code‟: XXXX „Choose 4-digit or 4 4-
digit alphanumeric code for as a new Company Code e.g. 1600.
“To create a company code, copy an existing company code using the “Copy Company
Code” function. This copies the following data:
Definition
Global parameters
Customizing tables
General ledger accounts (if desired)
Account determination
After this, all you have to do is make the required changes to the new company code.”
Choose Continue
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Choose
Choose Continue
Choose Continue
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Choose Continue
When the „Prompt for Customizing request‟ dialogue box appears, click Create request
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Enter the text „Customizing for 1600‟ in „Short Description‟ and Save
Choose Continue
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Choose Continue
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Go back
Double click on
Change the „Company Name‟, „City‟, „Country‟, „Currency‟ and „Language for your
Company Code 1600.
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Click on „Address‟
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1.4 Business Area
Business area is an Organizational unit of financial accounting that represents a separate area
of operations or responsibilities within an organization. Business area can be a geographical
area of operation or an individual product line of a company. Data can be assigned to the
business area while recording transactions, which produce business area financial statements
for internal purposes. They are primarily used to facilitate external segmental reporting across
company codes covering different business segments. In a Client you can create number of
business areas to which you can assign the accounting transactions of various company
codes.
1.4.1 Define Business area
IMG: Enterprise Structure→Definition→ Financial Accounting → Define Business Area
Execute
Choose
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Save
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2. FISCAL YEAR VARIANT
Business Example
Your customer has been informed by an experienced consultant that there is a principle in
mySAP ERP that appears in several configuration tables and that simplifies the system for
him.
The variant principle is a three-step method used in the SAP system to assign particular
properties to one or more objects. The steps are:
Define the variant
Determine values for the variant
Assign the variant to the objects
The following example should explain this principle: Create a fiscal year variant
Define the variant: K4 is your fiscal year variant.
Determine values for the variant K4: Define the properties of fiscal year K4.
Assign the variant to mySAP ERP objects: Assign K4 to various company codes that use
this fiscal year.
The main advantage for using variants is that it is easier to maintain properties which are
common among several business objects.
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2.1 Maintain Fiscal Year Variant
Business Example
The company's fiscal year corresponds to the calendar year. The Accounting Manager wants
four special periods for postings for year-end closing.
The fiscal year variant contains the definition of posting periods and special periods.
Special periods are used for postings that are not assigned to time periods, but to the business
process of “year-end closing”. In total, you can define 16 periods.
The system derives the posting period from the posting date. If the posting date falls within
the last normal posting period, you can post the transaction in one of the special periods.
The fiscal year variant does not specify whether a period is open or closed. This data is
managed in another table related to „Posting Period Variant‟. The fiscal year variant only
defines the number of periods and their start and finish dates.
If each fiscal year of a fiscal year variant uses the same number of periods, and the posting
periods always start and end on the same day of the year, the variant is year-independent. A
year-independent fiscal year variant can be defined as:
Calendar year
Non-calendar year
If the fiscal year is defined as the calendar year, the posting periods are equal to the months
of the year. Therefore, a fiscal year that is a calendar year must have 12 posting periods.
If the fiscal year is defined as a non-calendar year, you have to define the posting periods by
assigning end dates to each period. A non-calendar year can have between 1 and 16 posting
periods. If the non-calendar year does not start on January 1st, the periods of the year that
belong to the former or the coming fiscal year must have an indicator -1 or +1.
If one year of a fiscal year variant has less posting periods than the others, it is called a
shortened fiscal year. This could be required, for example, if closing has to be carried out
before the end of the normal fiscal year; (for example, if the beginning of the fiscal year
should be changed or if the company was sold). You have to define the shortened fiscal year
and its number of posting periods before you can define the period dates. For this year, you
can only assign a lower number of posting periods.
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IMG: Financial Accounting → Financial Accounting Global Settings → Fiscal Year →
Maintain Fiscal Year Variant (Maintain Shortened Fisc. Year)
Execute
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2.1.1 Calendar Year
Save
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2.1.2 Non-Calendar Year
Save
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Save
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2.1.3 Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant
IMG: Financial Accounting → Financial Accounting Global Settings → Fiscal Year →
Assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year Variant
Execute
Go to and search for your Company Code: „1600‟ and assign this to
the fiscal year variant „21‟ which is Calendar fiscal year variant or assign fiscal year variant
„22‟ if you want to use non-Calendar fiscal year for your Company code.
Save
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3. CURRENCIES
Business Example
The company has customers and vendors in several foreign countries. The head accountant is
worried that keeping the exchange rates up to date in the system will involve a substantial
amount of work. You need to convince him that it is much less work than expected if the
tools mySAP ERP offers are used.
Execute
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Choose
Save
Save
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3.2 Translation Ratios
The relationship between currencies must be maintained per exchange rate type and currency
pair using translation ratios. This usually has to be performed only once. Because inflation
can heavily influence the relationship between currencies, translation ratios can be
maintained on a time period basis.
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