SEMINAR SKOR A SPM

2014
PHYSICS
 ANALYSIS OF THE SPM PHYSICS PAPER
2011-2013
NUMBER OF QUESTIONS
PAPER 2 PAPER 3
PAPER 1
CHAPTER Structure Essay Structure Essay
Objective Section A Section B Section C Section A Section B
11 12 13 11 12 13 11 12 13 11 12 13 11 12 13 11 12 13
1 Introduction to Physics 1 3 2 - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - -
2 Forces and Motion 11 8 8 1 1 1 1 - 1 - - 1 1 - 1 - 1 -
3 Forces and Pressure 6 6 8 1 1 1 - 1 - - - - - - - 1 - -
4 Heat 5 6 5 1 1 1 - - - - 1 - - - - - - 1
5 Light 5 5 5 1 1 1 - - - 1 - - - - - - - 1
6 Wave 6 6 6 1 1 1 - - - 1 - 1 - 1 - - - -
7 Electricity 4 4 4 1 - 1 - - - - 1 - - - 1 - - -
8 Electromagnetism 5 5 5 1 2 1 - - - - - - - - - 1 1 -
9 Electronics 4 4 4 1 1 - - - 1 - - - - - - - - -
10 Radioactivity 3 3 3 - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -

No Concepts Magnitude Explanation

Small/low Slow increase of velocity

1 Acceleration
High/big Quick increase of velocity
2 Small/low Lighter/less compact
Density
High/large Heavier/more compact
Small/low Spring is soft/easy to stretch
3 Spring Constant
Large/big Spring is stiff/difficult to stretch
Easily heated up, short time to heat up
Small/low
The temperature will rise faster
Specific Heat
4 Capacity
More difficult to heat up, takes more time to heat
High/large up
The temperature will rise slowly
Need less heat to melt/vapourise
Small/low
5 Specific Latent Time to melt /time to vapourise - shorter
Heat Need more heat to melt/vapourise
High/large
Time to melt/time to vapourise - longer
Low Melts/freezes at low temperature
6 Melting point/ Freezing point
High Melts/freezes at higher temperature

7 Low Easy to boil/Fast to boil

 High Difficult to boil/Slow to boil
Boiling Point
Low Substance that refracts less light
8 Refractive Index
High Substance that refracts more light
Small Easier for total internal reflection to occur
9 Critical Angle
Big/Large Difficult for total internal reflection to occur
Low Refract less light
10 Power (lens)
High Refract more light

11 Short Higher power

Focal Length
Large/long Lower power
Hard Difficult to break
12 Material Properties
Soft Easier to break
High Short wavelength
13 Frequency (sound)
Low Long wavelength

Low/small High electric current flow

14 Resistance
High/big Small electric current flow
Big Can measure higher current/voltage
15 Range (ammeter/ voltmeter)
Small Can measure low current/voltage
Decays faster
Short
Reactivity decreases slowly
16 Half-life Decays slowly
Long Reactivity decreases slowly
Radioactivity last longer
Low Change shape easily
17 Rigidity
High Does not change shape easily
Low Wet surface easily
18 Surface tension
High Does not wet surface easily
Low Does not wet surface easily
19 Rate of rusting
High Rust easily
THE LIST OF CONSTRUCTS IN PHYSICS
Construct 1 : Knowledge
Construct 2 : Understanding
Construct 3 : Application of Knowledge
Construct 4 : Problem Solving qualitative quantitative through scientific investigation
Construct 5 : Conceptualizing
Construct 6 : Making Decisions
Construct 7 : Attitudes and Values

FORMAT OF EVALUATION INSTRUMENTS FOR SPM PHYSICS

Paper 1 (4531/1) Objective Test
Paper 2 (4531/2) Subjective Test
Paper 3 (4531/3) Written Practical Test
Paper 4 (4531/4) Pentaksiran Kerja Amali PEKA

PAPER 1 (4531/1)
Type of Instrument : Objective Test
Type of Item : Objective Items : Multiple Choice
: Each item has 3 , 4 or 5 options
Number of Questions : 50 (answer all)
Total Marks : 50 ONLY 8 Question base on calculation
Duration of Test : 1 hour 15 minutes
Elements assessed : Knowledge 28%
: Comprehension 40%
: Application 32%
Level of Difficulty : Low 60%, Moderate 24%, High 16%
Things to Bring : Scientific Calculator
PAPER 2 (4531/2)
Type of Instrument : Subjective Test
Type of Item : Subjective Items
Number of Questions : Section A : 8 structured questions (answer all)
: Section B : 2 (choose one)
: Section C : 2 (choose one)
Total Marks : 100
Duration of Test : 2 hour 30 minutes
Elements Assessed : Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Problem Solving
(Qualitative, Quantitative), Conceptualization, Making
Decisions
Things to Bring : Scientific Calculator

Section Question Full Marks Element evaluated

Knowledge,
1 4
Comprehension
A Knowledge,
2 5 Comprehension,
Application
3 6 Application
4 7 Application
5 8 Conceptualizing
6 8 Conceptualizing
7 10 Problem Solving
8 12 Decision Making
Conceptualizing,
1 20 Problem Solving
B
Conceptualizing,
2 20
Problem Solving
3
20 Decision making
C
4 20 Decision making
Total 100

PAPER 3 (4531/3)
Type of Instrument : Written Practical Test
Number of Questions : Section A : 2 (answer both)
: Section B : 2 (Choose 1)
Total marks : 40
Duration of Tests : 1 hour 30 minutes
Elements Assessed : Problem solving through scientific investigation
(Experimentation)
Things to Bring : Scientific Calculator
PAPER 1
KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND
APPLICATION KNOWLEDGE SKILL

-1
1. Diagram 1 shows speed limit 50 kmh ?
-1
What is speed limit in ms ?

Diagram 1

A 833.33
B 13.89
C 1.389
D 0.014

2. Diagram 2 shows a displacement, s - time, t graph of an object.

Diagram 2

Which of the following is true to describe the motion of the object?

Displacement Velocity

A Increases uniformly Zero

B Increases uniformly Uniform
C Uniform Increase uniformly
D Increases uniformly Increase uniformly
3. Diagram 3 shows a force 30 N is pulling an object of mass 2 kg through a smooth pulley.

Diagram 3

What is the net force applied to the object?

A 10 N
B 28 N
C 30 N
D 50 N

4. Diagram 4 shows a F-x graph of two springs, K and L.

Diagram 4

Which of the following statements is true?

A K is stiffer than L
B K is thicker than L
C K has bigger elastic potential energy
D K will extend more when an equal force is exerted
5. Diagram 5 shows a simple mercury barometer. The barometer reading is h cm of mercury.

Diagram 5
SULIT 13 4531/1

What is the physical quantity measured by h?

A Gas pressure
B Mercury pressure
C Atmospheric pressure

6. Diagram 6 shows two identical containers containing liquid R and liquid S.

The horizontal distance of the spurts for both liquids is the same.

Diagram 6
Which of the following is the correct comparison between the density of liquid R and
liquid S?

A Density of liquid R = density of liquid S

B Density of liquid R > density of liquid S
C Density of liquid R < density of liquid S

7. Diagram 7 shows three cuboids P, Q and R floating on water surface.

Diagram 7

Which of the following is the descending order for the density of object P, Q and R?
SULIT 13 4531/1
A Q=R=P
B P>Q>R
C R>P>Q
D P>R>Q

8. Which diagram shows the correct liquid level in the U-tube?

A B
SULIT 13 4531/1
Air flow Air flow

C D
Air flow Air flow
9. Diagrams 9 shows a lead block, an iron block and aluminium block. All the blocks has the
same mass and same initial temperature and let to be cold. All the blocks have different
specific heat capacity. After 15 minutes the temperature of the blocks are recorded.

Diagram 9

Which comparison is correct about the temperature of lead block, θP , iron block, θ Q , and
aluminium block, θ R is correct?

A θP > θ Q > θ R
B θQ>θP>θR
C θ R> θ P > θ Q
D θ R> θ Q > θ P

10. Diagram 10 shows the heating curve of a substance.

 Diagram 10
Which statement is correct about the heat absorbed by the substance?

Stages Statement

A PQ It strengthen the bonds between the substance molecules

B QR It breaks the bonds between the substance molecules

C RS It decreases the kinetic energy of the substance molecules

D ST It weakens the forces between the substance molecules

11. Which pair of lenses can be used to construct a telescope?

A Two concave lenses with focal lengths of 6 cm and 9 cm

B Two convex lenses with focal lengths of 10 cm and 80 cm
C Two concave lenses with focal lengths of 10 cm and 80 cm
D A convex lens with focal lengths of 6 cm and a concave with focal length 9 cm

12. Diagram 12 shows water waves change direction when they move from shallow water
region to deep water region.
 Diagram 12

What is the name of this phenomena?

A refraction
B reflection
C diffraction
D interference

13. Radio waves, visible light and X- rays are all part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
What is the correct order of wavelength in ascending order?

Shortest longest

A Radio waves Visible light X-ray

B Radio waves X-rays Visible light

C X- rays Radio waves Visible light

D X- rays Visible light Radio waves

14. Diagram 14 is a graph which shows the relationship between the potential difference with
current of four different conductor, J, K, L and M.
 Diagram 14

Which conductor has the highest resistance?

A J
B K
C L
D M
15. What is the direction of motion of the copper rod when the current flows in the circuit in
Diagram 15?

Diagram 15
PAPER 2
KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING AND
APPLICATION KNOWLEDGE SKILL
1. Diagram 1.1 shows a vernier callipers.

Diagram 1.1

(a) Name the physical quantity measured by the vernier callipers.

...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Name the part labelled X.

...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(c) State the function of X.

...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(d) What is the reading of a vernier callipers shown in Diagram 1.2?

Diagram 1.2

...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

2. Diagram 2 shows a worker lifting a load of mass 10 kg using a smooth pulley system.
The worker applies a force of 110 N to pull up the load at a distance of 0.5 m.
 Diagram 2
(a) What is meant by work?

…………………………………………………………………………….......…
[1 mark]

(b) Calculate
(i) the work done by the worker

[2 marks]

(ii) the acceleration of the load

[2 marks]

0
3. Diagram 3.1 shows a metal block of mass 1 kg at initial temperature 30 C is heated by 12 V,
48 W immersion heater for 15 minutes.

Diagram 3.1
(a) What is meant by specific heat capacity?

...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

0
(b) If the final temperature is 90 C, calculate the specific heat capacity of metal
block.
 [2 marks]

(c) Diagram 3.2 shows a phenomenon which occur in our daily life.

Diagram 3.2
(i) Using the physics concept, explain how the phenomenon occurs.

…………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………...
[3 marks]

(ii) Name the phenomenon that occurs

…………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
CONCEPTUAL SKILL

4. Diagram 4.1, Diagram 4.2 and Diagram 4.3 show identical metal blocks of mass 40 g which
are in three different situations.

Diagram 4.1 Diagram 4.2 Diagram 4.3

(a) Based on Diagram 4.1 and Diagram 4.2:

(i) Compare the reading of the spring balances.

………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]

(ii) State the physical quantity that causes the difference in the spring balance
reading.

………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 4.2 and Diagram 4.3:

(i) Compare the reading of the spring balances.

………………………………………………………………………………....
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the density of the water to the density of the cooking oil.

………………………………………………………………………………....
[1 mark]
 (iii) State the relationship between the density of liquid and the physical quantity
stated in your answer in 4(a)(ii).

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(c) (i) Compare the pressure at point X and point Y in Diagram 4.2.
Explain your answer.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(ii) Write an equation involving difference in pressure, P, surface area of the

object, A and the physical quantity stated in 5a(ii).

…………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
5. Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two arrangements of the apparatus in the
laboratory to study the interference of sound waves.

Diagram 5.1

Diagram 5.2

(a) What type of wave is the sound wave?

…………………………………………………………………………….......…
[1 mark]

(b) Explain how loud sound and soft sound occurs.

……………………………………………………………………………….......

……………………………………………………………………………...........
[2 marks]
(c) Observe Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2.

(i) Compare the distance between the two loud speakers, a.

………………………………………………………………...................
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the distance between two consecutive loud sounds, x.

………………………………………………………………...................
[1 mark]
(iii) Relate a and x.

………………………………………………………………...................
[1 mark]

(d) State two physical quantities that should be remain constant throughout the
experiment.

(i) …………………………………………………………......................….

(ii) …………………………………………………………….......................
[2 marks]
PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL
6. Diagram 6.1 shows an image is formed by a curved mirror.

Diagram 6.1

(a) Name the light phenomenon occurs.

................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Complete the ray diagram in Diagram 7.2 to show the formation of image.
 Diagram 6.2

[3 marks]

(ii) State one characteristic of the image formed.

...................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Explain how to use a concave mirror to heat up water in a container using solar
energy.

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 6.3 shows a microscope. You are given two convex lenses P and Q,
with focal lengths of 7 cm and 5 cm respectively . Both of the lenses are used
to build a microscope.

Diagram 6.3

(i) Based on the two lenses given, state which is suitable to be used as objective
lens.

...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
Reason:

..............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Name one additional component that can be used at the microscope to get a
clearer image.

...............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
7. Diagram 7.1 (a) and Diagram 7.2 (a) show two identical springs are compressed by two
identical trolleys at different compression distance.

Diagram 7.1 (b) and Diagram 7.2 (b) show the position of the trolleys after the compression
force is released due to the elasticity of the spring.

Diagram 7.1 (a) Diagram 7.1 (b)

Diagram 7.2 (a) Diagram 7.2 (b)

(a) (i) What is the meaning of elasticity?

[1 mark]
 (ii) Using Diagram 7.1 and Diagram 7.2, compare the compression distance of
the springs, the distance moved by the trolley and the elastic potential energy
stored in the spring.
Relate the compression distance of the spring with the distance moved by
the trolley to make a deduction regarding the relationship between the
compression distance of the spring and the elastic potential energy stored in
the spring.
[5 marks]

(b) When the spring is compressed, its length decreases and returns back to its
original length after compressive force is removed due to elasticity property of a
material. Based on the forces between atoms, explain why the spring is elastic.
[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 7.3 shows a trampoline. It uses the elastic property of a material to
rebounce a person upwards.

Diagram 7.3

You are required to give some suggestions to improve the design of the trampoline so
that it can be used by the children safely and can jump higher.

Explain the suggestions based on the following aspects :

(i) The number of spring used

(ii) Spring constant
(iii) The material used for frame
(iv) The material used for fabric
(v) Extra fitting or design of the trampoline to ensure safety
[10 marks]
DECISION MAKING SKILL

8. Diagram 8.1 shows a Bunsen burner which produces a blue flame.

Diagram 8.1

(a) Name the principle involved in producing the blue flame of the Bunsen burner.
[1 mark]
(b) Explain how the Bunsen burner produces the blue flame.

[4 marks]
 (c) Table 8 shows the characteristics of a Formula One car to be used in a race.

Type of
Type of racing Shape of the material used
car body Mass of the car Shape of spoiler for body

A Aerodynamic Inverted aerofoil Carbon Fibre and

642 kg duralumin

Oval Aerofoil Steel and

B 1028 kg
aluminium

Aerodynamic Aerofoil Carbon Fibre and

C 879 kg steel

Oval Inverted aerofoil Duralumin and

D 700 kg
aluminium

Table 8

You are requested to choose the most suitable Formula One car to be used as a racing
car with excellent performance. Based on the information given in the Table 8,
explain the suitability of each characteristics and suggest the most suitable racing car
with the highest possibility to win the race.
[10 marks]

(d) An aeroplane’s wing has a mass of 1000 kg.

(i) Determine the weight
of the the aeroplane’s wing.
[1
mark]
(ii) If the air pressure below the wing is more than the air pressure above
-2 2
the wing by 300 Nm and the area is 45 m , calculate the uplift force
acting on the aeroplane’s wing.
[2 marks]

(iii) Determine the resultant force and the direction exerted to the wing
of the aeroplane.
[2 marks]
PAPER 3
DESIGN EXPERIMENT

1. The lamp of the bicycle lights up when the magnet in the dynamo is rotated by
turning the wheel.
Diagram 1.1 shows a lady cycles her bicycle with moderate velocity.
Diagram 1.2 shows a bicycle cyclist cycles his bicycle with high velocity. It is found
that his bicycle’s lamp lights up brighter.

Magnet

Dynamo

Diagram 1.1 Diagram 1.2

Based on the observation above and your knowledge of electromagnet;

(a) State one suitable inference. [1 mark]

(b) State one suitable hypothesis. [1 mark]

(c) With the use of apparatus such as a bar magnet, a coil of a copper wire
and others describe one experiment framework to investigate the
hypothesis stated in 1(b).
In your description state clearly the following:
(i) Aim of the experiment.
(ii) Variables in the experiment.
(iii) List of apparatus and materials.
(iv) Arrangement of the apparatus.
(v) The procedure of the experiment which include one method of
controlling the manipulated variable and one method of
 measuring the responding variable.
(vi) The way you would tabulate the data.
(vii) The way you would analyse the data.

[10 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

MARKING SCHEME

PAPER 2

No Answer Marks Total

1 (a) length 1 1
(b) Tail 1 1
(c) to measure depth 1 1
(d) 0.42 cm 1 1
Total 4

No Answer Marks Total

Product of an applied force and displacement / distance
2 (a) 1 1
//Force x distance
W=FxS
1
(b) M1 = 110 x 0.5 2
1
M2 = 55 J / Nm

F = ma
M1 110 – 100 = 10a
(c) 2
M2 10 = 10a
a = 1 ms-2 1
1
Total 5

No Answer Marks Total

The amount of heat energy required to increase the the
3 (a) 1 1
temperature of 1kg mass by 10 C.

Pt = mcӨ
c = 48(900)
(b) 2 2
60
= 720 J kg-1 0C-1
 M1 Land has a smaller specific heat capacity than sea 1
// Land faster increase in temperature // Land is
warmer than the sea
M2 Air above the land is heated up and rises 1
M3 Cooler air from the sea moves towards the land 1

Or diagram

(c) 3

M1 Label Sea(cold), Land (Hot)

M2 Show Hot air on land rises up
M3 Show Cold air moves towards the sea
(d) Sea breeze 1 1

Total 7

No Answer Marks Total

4 (a)(i) Spring balance reading: diagram 4.1 > 4.2 1

(ii) Buoyant force / Upthrust 1 2

(b)(i) Spring balance reading: diagram 4.3 > 4.2 1

(ii) Density of water > density of oil 1

(iii) As density of liquid increases, buoyant force increases 1 3

pressure at Y > pressure at X // vice versa // Y is at 1
(c)(i) greater depth than X // pressure is directly proportional to
depth. 1
(ii) Buoyant force = (Difference in pressure) x A 1 3

Total 8

No Answer Marks Total

5 (a) Longitudinal waves // Mechanical wave 1 1
 1. Loud sound - when antinodes/crest/trough
1
overlapped/meet/encounter another
antinodes/crest/trough, a constructive interference
(b) occur 2
2. Soft sound – when nodes/crest/trough
overlapped/meet/encounter another nodes/ trough,
1
a destructive interference occur

(c) (i) Diagram 5.1 > Diagram 5.2 // vice-versa 1

(ii) Diagram 5.1 < Diagram 5.2 // vice-versa 1

1
(iii) a α 1 3
x
M1 frequency// wavelength
M2 amplitude 1
(d) 2
M3 Distance between loud speaker and observer 1
(Any two)
Total 8

No Answer Marks Total

6 (a) Reflection 1 1

(b)(i) 1 3

(ii) Virtual // Upright // Diminished 1 1

1. Aim the concave mirror to the sun
2. parallel ray from sun reflected and focus to F 1
(c) 2
3. amount of heat increases as all rays focus at F 1
Max : 2 points

1. lens Q 1
(d)(i) 2
2. f is smaller 1
(ii) Use concave mirror 1 1
Total 10
No Answer Marks Total
Property of material that enable it to return to its original
7 (a)(i) shape and size after an external force that acting on it is 1 1
removed

Compression of the spring in Diagram 7.2(a) is higher 1

than 7.1 (a)

Distance moved by the trolley in Diagram 7.2 (b) is further 1

than 7.1 (a)

Elastic potential energy of the spring Diagram 7.2(a) is

(ii) 1 5
higher than 7.1 (a)

The higher the compression, the further the distance moved

by the trolley 1

The bhigher the compression, the higher the elastic

potential energy 1

The forces between atom are attractive force and 1

repulsive force

When the force is applied , the distance between atoms

decreases
(b) 4
1
The repulsive force is acted on the atoms
1
When applied force is removed, repulsive force pushes the
atoms back to original 1
(c) 10
Design Reasons

Many springs
High elasticity 2
(arranged in parallel)

Strong material for Not break easily //

2
frame // steel Not rust easily
2
Low spring constant To get more extension
Nylon// polyethene//
Does not tear easily
strong fabric 2
 Has net around / /
Prevent children from
bigger diameter of
slipping to the floor
trampoline

2
Total 20

No Answer Marks Total

8 (a) Bernoulli’s Principle 1 1

- Gas flow through the jet/ nozzle with high

velocity/high speed 1
- region at nozzle becomes low in pressure
(b) - higher atmospheric pressure forces air to flow into 1 4
lower pressure region/ hole 1
-air which contains oxygen combines with gas which 1
produces complete combustion.

Characteristics Explanation
Shape of the body : Decrease air resistance 2
Aerodynamic
Low mass / Small mass / Greater acceleration / 2
light higher speed
Inverted aerofoil for the To create downforce that
spoiler can stabilize the car during 2
(c)
a turn
10
Carbon fibre and Does not break easily / 2
duralumin strong / long lasting
Car A is chosen Aerodynamic, small mass,
inverted aerofoil spoiler 2
and made of carbon fibre
and duralumin

(d) (i) 1000 x 10 = 10,000 N 1 1

 (ii) F = PA
= 300 (45) 1
= 13,500 N 1
4
(iii) Resultant force = uplift – weight 1
= 13,500 N – 10,000 N 1
= 3,500 n upwards

Total 20

PAPER 3

1(a) State the suitable inference

The brightness of the lamp increases when the speed of the magnet in the 1
coils(solenoid) increases// Induced current depend on the speed of
magnet

(b) State a relevant hypothesis

The magnitude of the induced current increases when the speed of the 1
magnet increases.

(c) State the aim of experiment

To study the relationship between the speed of a magnet in a coil and the 1
magnitude of the induced current.

State the suitable manipulated variables and responding variable

(Quantity that can be measured) 1
Manipulated variables : the height of the magnet fall
Responding variables : Deflection/ reading of the galvanometer

State the constant variable

strength of the magnet / number of the turns in the coils. 1

State the complete list of apparatus and materials

Bar magnet, cardboard tube, galvanometer, insulated copper wire, retort 1
stand and metre rule.
Draw the functional arrangement of the apparatus

State the method to control the manipulated variable

1. Make a solenoid of 50 turns by winding an insulated copper wire
round a cardboard tube. Connect the ends of the wire to a 1
galvanometer.
2. Hold a small bar magnet at a height of h = 5 cm above the top end
of the solenoid.
State the method to measure the responding variable
3. Drop the magnet into the solenoid into the solenoid and record the
deflection of the galvanometer as the induced current. 1

Repeat the experiment at least 4 times with the values

4. Repeat the eksperiment by changing the height h to 10 cm, 15 cm, 1
20 cm , 25 cm and 30 cm.
State how the data tabulated with the title MV and RV
Height of the magnet,h Induced current I
5
10.
.0 1
15
.0
20
.0
25
.0
30
.0
State how the data is analysed, plot a graph RV against MV

TOTAL MARK 12