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2 SOLUTIONS NUMERICALS
A.1. Mass of benzene = 22 gms.
Mass of carbon tetrachloride = 122 gm
Total mass = 22 + 122 = 144 gms.
Mass of benzene
Mass % of benzene = 100 22 100 15.28 %
totalmass 144
Mass % of Carbon Tetrachloride = (100 - 15.28) % = 84.72%
A.2. Mass of first solution = 300 gms
25
Mass of solute in it = 25% 300 75 gms
100
Mass of second solution = 400 gms
40
65 A
Mass of solute in it = 40% 400 160 gms
100
8 4 LR
Mass of resulting solution after mixing = (300 + 400) gms = 700 gms
Mass of solute in the resulting solution = (75 + 160) gms = 235 gms
24 A
Now,
12 I K
Mass of Solute
Mass % of solute 100 235 100 33.57 %
Total Mass of Solution 700
93 T
Mass of aspirin
100 6.5 100 1.424 %
S
given mass 70
No. of moles of carbon tetrachloride 0.454
molar mass 154
no. of moles of benzene
Now, mole fraction of benzene =
65 A
total no. of moles
8 4 LR
0.385 0.385
0.459
0.385 0.454 0.839
24 A
mole fraction of carbon tetrachloride = 1- 0.459 = 0.541
12 I K
given mass 5 1
K
A.7.
(a) Given mass of solute = w B 30 gms
Molar mass of solute = 58.9 + (62) 2 + 18 (6) = 290.9 gm/mol.
given mass 30
No. of moles of solute, n B molar mass 290.9 moles
WB 1000
Molarity
M B Volume of Solution (in ml)
WB 1000
0.15
122 250
65 A
0.15 122 250
WB 4.575 gms
8 4 LR
1000
A.9. Let total mass of solution = 100 gms
24 A
68
Mass of solute (nitric acid) present in it = 68% 100 gms 68 gms
12 I K
100
Density of solution = 1.504 gm/ml.
Mass of Solution 100
93 T
Volume of Solution ml
Density 1.504
K
A
given mass 68
No. of moles of solute = molar mass 63 moles
H
S
68
1000 68 1000 680 1.504
63
1.504 16.23 M
100 63 100 63
1.504
Molarity = 16.23 M
A.10. Let the maximum molarity i.e. solubility of CuS in water at the given temperature
be ‘x’ M.
Now, according to the reaction,
Cu 2 (aq) S2 (aq)
CuS (Solid) H 2 O
6 1016 x 2
or x 6 108 2.45 108 M
CBSE CHEMISTRY (12.2) 3
12.2 SOLUTIONS NUMERICALS
A.11. Given mass of solute, w B 2.5 gms
Molar mass of solute i.e. CH 3COOH 60 gms / mole
given mass 2.5
no. of moles of solute = molar mass 60 moles
65 A
Mass of solvent = Mass of solution = 2500 gms.
Let mass of solute = x gms
8 4 LR
Molar mass of solute (urea) = 60 gms / mole
24 A
given mass x
no. of moles of solute
12 I K
molar mass 60
no. of moles of solute 1000
Now, Molality
mass of solvent (in gms)
93 T
K
60 2500 1000
H
given mass 92
no. of moles of solute = molar mass 23 4 moles
65 A
(i)
Volume of Solution (in ml) 83.195
8 4 LR
n B 1000 0.12 1000
(ii) Molality 1.5 m
w A (in gms) 80
24 A
12 I K
nB 0.12 0.12
(iii) Mole fraction of KI, B n n 4.444 0.12 4.564 0.0263
A B
w B 10 1
No. of moles of solute, B M 180 18 moles
n
H
B
S
w A 90
No. of moles of solvent, n A M 18 5 moles
#
1 91
Total no. of moles = n A n B 5 moles
18 18
Mass of Solution 100
Volume of Solution 83.33 ml
Density 12
n B 1000 1 1000
(i) Molarity Volume of solution (in ml) 18 83.33 0.67 M
n B 1000 1 1000
(ii) Molarity = w (in gms) 18 90 0.617 m
A
nB 1 / 18 1
(iii) Mole fraction of solute , B n n 91 / 18 91 0.01
A B
65 A
Na 2 CO3 2HCl
2 NaCl H2 O CO2
8 4 LR
NaHCO3 HCl
NaCl H 2 O CO 2
24 A
12 I K
3 1000 3000
S
0.1 x 157.89 ml
190 x 19
#
65 A
m p
m2 P2
8 4 LR
P1m 2 1 bar 5.00 102 gm
P2 7.62 bar
24 A
m1 6.56 103 gm
12 I K
PN 2 n N2 0.987
PN 2 K H N 2 N2
KH n N 2 n H 2O 76480
0.987 55.55
76480 n N 2 0.987 n N 2 0.987 n H 2O n N2
76479.013
Now,
Millimoles of N 2 1000 moles of N 2
1000 0.987 55.55 987 55.55
76479.013 76479.013
987 55.55
Let x
76479.013
log x 2.9943 1.7447 4.8835 0.1445 1.8555
x 7.169 10 1 0.7169 millimoles
65 A
A.23. Henry’s law constant for CO2, KH = 1.67×108 Pa
8 4 LR
K H 1.67 108 Pa 1.67 103 bar 1670 bar 1670 0.987 atm 1648.29 atm
Partial pressure of CO2, PCO2 = 2.5 atm
24 A
Volume of soda water = 500 ml
12 I K
molar mass 18
A
PCO2 = KH . x CO 2
S
KH n CO 2 n H 2O 1648.29
1644.79
w CO2 2.5 27.78 27.78 44 2.5
1.86 gms
44 1644.79 1644.79
A.24. Henry’s law constant for CH4 = 4.27 × 105 mm Hg
Partial pressure of CH4 = 760 mm Hg
Now, according to Henry’s law
PCH4 760
PCH4 K H . x CH4 x CH4 5
1.78 10 3
KH 4.27 10
A.25. Step I : Calculation of Partial pressures :
20
Partial pressure of oxygen 10 atm 2 atm 2 760 mm Hg
100
79
Partial pressure of nitrogen = 10 atm 7.9 atm 7.9 760 mm Hg
100
65 A
PAO 200 mm Hg , PBO 415 mm Hg
8 4 LR
w A 25.5 gm , w B 40 gm
24 A
M A 119.5 , M B 85
12 I K
wA 255 w B 40
nA 0.213 , nB 0.470
M A 119.5 M B 85
93 T
nA 0.213
xA 0.312 , x 1 x 1 0.312 0.688
K
n A n B 0.213 0.470 B A
A
65 A
Conc. after dissociation C (1 ) C C
8 4 LR
Observed no. of moles n (1 ) n n
i 1
normal no. of moles n
24 A
i 1 i 1 1.0753 1 0.0753
12 I K
5 (7.53) 2
Ka 103 3.07 103
A
9.247
H
69
mass of HNO3 present in it = 69% = 1.41x gm
100
According to question,
69 23 100
1.41 x 23 x 23.64 ml
100 69 1.41
A.57. Let water = component A, ethanol = component B & acetic acid = component C
and total mass of the solution = 100 gms, so that
25
(i) w A 25 gm, M A 18 gm / mol, n A 1.389
18
25
(ii) w B 25 gm, M B 46 gm / mol, n B 0.543
46
50
(iii) w C 50 gm, M B 60 gm / mol, n C 0.833
60
n A n B n C 1.89 0.543 0.833 2.765
65 A
108
(ii) w B 108 gm, M B 60, nB 1.8
8 4 LR
60
92
24 A
(iii) w C 92 gm, M C 46, nC 2
46
12 I K
n A n B n c 4.47 n A n B n c 4.47
K
80
#
A.T.Q.
300 x 6.9 56
6.9 x 1.288 gm / ml
56 300
A.61. Let volume of water = 1000 ml
Density of water = 1 gm / ml
Mass of water = Volume ×density = 1000 × 1 = 1000 gms
given mass 1000
Moles of water molar mass 18 55.55 moles
65 A
no. of moles of Solute 1000 55.55 1000
Now, Molarity 55.55 M
8 4 LR
Volume of Solution (in ml) 1000
A.62. w B 18 gm, M B 180 gm / mol, Vsolution = 500 ml,
24 A
w B 18 1
12 I K
nB moles
M B 180 10
n B 1000 1 1000
Molarity 0.2 M
93 T
1.505 1023 1
S
Moles of Cl ions =
6.22 1023 4
#
1 1 1 1
Moles of CaCl 2 moles of Cl ions
2 2 4 8
Volume of solution = 500 ml
no. of moles of solute 1000 1 1000
Molarity 0.25 M
Volume of solution (in ml) 8 500
A.64. Volume of 1st solution = 100 ml
5 1
Moles of NaOH in it
40 8
n B 1000 1 1000
Molarity of 1st solution 1.25 M
Vsolution (in ml) 8 100
Now, using molarity equation for mixing of solution, we have
M1V1 M 2 V2 M 3 V3
(1.25) (100) (0.2) (200) x (100 200)
Molality of solution = 2m
2 moles of solute (M.M. = 32) are dessolved in 1000 gm of solvent
or 2 mole (= 2 × 32 gms) of solute are dissolved in 1000 gm of solvent
or 2 moles (= 64 gms) of solute are present in 1064 gm of solution
Now,
1064 gm of solution contains CH3OH = 2 moles
65 A
2 4905
4905 gm of solution will contains CH3OH 9.22 moles
8 4 LR
1064
A.66. w B 5.6 gm, w A 100 gm, M B 137 (17) 2 8(18) 315 gm / mol
24 A
wB 1000 5.6 1000
12 I K
Molality
M B w A (in gms) 315 100
0.178 m
w B 20.7
S
nB
M B 138
#
wB 1000
A.68. Molality
M B w A (in gms)
x 1000
1.55 x 1.55 92 142.6 gm
46 2000
A.69. Molarity of solution = 2.05 M
nB = 2.05 moles, Vsolution = 1000 ml
Mass of solution = Volume × density = 1000 × 1.02 = 1020 gm
Mass of solute = number of moles × molar mass = 2.05 × 60 = 123 gm
Mass of solvent , wA = 1020 - 123 = 897 gm
n B 1000 2.05 1000
Now, molality = w (in gms) 2.29 m
A 897
nB 0.1 0.1
xB 0.0099
65 A
(ii) n A n B 10 0.1 10.1
8 4 LR
A.71. Molality of solution = 2.5 m = 2.5 moles / kg
n B 2.5 moles, w A 1 kg 1000 gm
24 A
w A 1000
12 I K
nA 55.55 moles
MA 18
nB 2.5 2.5
93 T
A B
A.72. Let benzene = component ‘A’, Toluene = component ‘B’ and n A n B 100
A
nA nA
0.5 0.5 n A 50
nA nB
#
100
n B 100 50 50
Mass of benzene, w A n A M A 50 78 gm
Mass of toluene, w B n B M B 50 92 gm
Total mass of solution = (50 × 78 + 50 × 92) = 50 × 170 gm
50 78
Mass % of benzene 50 170 100 45.9%
wB 4 1
A.74. wB = 4 gm, MB = 40 nB moles
M B 40 10
1
Volume of solution = 1 decilitre = L 100 ml
10
Density of solution = 1.038 gm/ml
Therefore, mass of solution = 100 × 1.038 = 103.8 gm
Mass of solvent, w A 10.38 4 99.8 gm
99.8
Moles of solvent, n A 5.54 moles
65 A
18
8 4 LR
nB 0.1 0.1
(i) xB 0.018
n A n B 5.54 0.1 5.64
24 A
12 I K
2 80.575 1
A.76. w B 8.0575 10 kg 80.575 gm, n B moles
323 4
Volume of solution = 1 dm3 = 1 L
Density of solution = 1072.2 kg/m3 = 1.0772 kg/litre
Mass of solution = V × d = 1 × 1.0772 Kg = 1077.2 gm
Mass of solvent, wA = 1077.2 - 80.575 = 996.626 gm
65 A
Partial pressumre of the gas, Pgas = 0.2 atm
8 4 LR
Let volume of water = 1000 ml = 1 L
Density of water = 1 gm/ml
Mass of water = v × d = 1000 × 1 = 1000 gm
24 A
1000
12 I K
PO2 n O2 PO 2
x O2
A
KH n O2 n H 2 O KH
H
n O2 0.2 n O2 1
S
n O2 n H 2 O 43400 n O2 n H 2 O 217000
#
n H 2O 55.55
n O2
216999 216999
log n O2 1.747 5 3365 3.5918 4.4082 n O2 2.55 104 moles
65 A
8 4 LR
Let mass of CO 2 x gms
x
moles of CO2, n CO2 moles
24 A
44
12 I K
KH n CO 2 n H 2O 1670
K
x
1665.947 4.053 55.55
S
44
#
4.053 55.55 44
x 5.95 gms
1665.947
A.80. For a mixture of non reacting gases only, the mole fraction of gases is the same as
is their volume percentage.
x N 2 79% 0.79, x O 2 21% 0.21
According to Dalton’s law of partial pressures ,
PO2 x O2 Ptotal 0.21 1 atm 0.21 atm
PN 2 x N 2 Ptotal 0.79 1 atm 0.79 atm
Now, According to Henry’s law
Pgas x gas or Pgas K H x gas
PN 2 K H( N 2 ) x N 2
PO 2 K H(O2 ) x O 2
x N 2 : x O2 2 :1
A.81. Let
Benzene = component ‘A’ Toluene = Component ‘B’ & w A w B 78 92 gms
w A 78 92
nA 92 moles
MA 78
w B 78 92
nB 78 moles
MB 92
65 A
nA 92 92
xA 0.541
8 4 LR
n A n B 92 78 170
x B 1 x A 1 0.541 0.459
24 A
Now, Psolution = PA PB PAO x A PBO x B
12 I K
x A 1 x B 1 0.6 0.4
A