OUTLINE IN CIVIL LAW REVIEW I

SY 2018-2019
-------------------

Reading Material: Tolentino, Vol. 1

I. INTRODUCTION - CHANGES IN NEW CIVIL CODE

PRELIMINARY TITLE

II. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS

Arts. 1 to 13, pp. 1-52 of Tolentino

NCC 1 - 18

A. When law takes effect

NCC 2
Revised Administrative Code (RAC) Secs. 18-24
Exec. Order 200, Sec. 2
Tañada v. Tuvera 136 SCRA 27

B. Ignorance of the law

NCC 3
KASILAG VS. RODRIGUEZ, 69 PHIL 217

C. Retroactivity of laws

NCC 4, cf. NCC 2252 - 2269

Revised Penal Code (RPC) 22
Family Code (FC) 256
David v Agbay, G.R. No. 199113, March 18, 2015

D. Mandatory or Prohibitory Laws

1
 NCC Art. 5 with NCC Art. 17 (3)

I. Waiver of rights

NCC Art. 6
NCC Art. 2035
DM Consunji vs. CA, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001
Dela Cruz v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 192383, December 4, 2013.
Dona Adela v Tidcorp, G.R. No. 201931, February 11, 2015

F. Repeal of laws

NCC 7
cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XVIII Sec. 3
FC 254
Thornton vs. Thornton, Aug. 16, 2004

G. Judicial Decisions

NCC 8
Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001
De Castro v JBC, G. R. No. 191002, April 20, 2010
UCPB v Uy, GR 204039, Jan. 10, 2018

H. Duty to render judgment

NCC 9, 10
RPC 5

I. Presumption and Applicability of Custom

NCC 11 - 12
cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XII Sec. 5
Rules of Court Rule 129 (2), (3)
Martinez v. Van Buskirk, 18 Phil. 79

2
 J. Legal periods

NCC 13
cf. Rules of Court (ROC) Rule 22
EO 292, RAC Sec. 31
Commr. v. Aichi Forging, G.R. No. 184823, October 6, 2010

III. CONFLICT OF LAWS

NCC 14
Art. 2, Revised Penal Code

NCC 15 cf. FC 26 par. 2

Tenchavez v. Escaño 15 SCRA 355
Board of Commissioners vs. de la Rosa, 197 SCRA 853
Yao Kee v Gonzales, 167 SCRA 736 (1988)

NCC 16
Aznar v Garcia, 7 SCRA 95 (1963)
Amos v Bellis, 20 SCRA 358 (1967)
Tayag v Benguet Consolidated, GR L-23145, Nov. 29, 1968
Del Socorro v Van Wilsem, GR 193707, Dec. 10, 2014

NCC 17
Kazuhiro Hasegawa vs. Kitamura, G.R. No. 149177, November 23,
2007
Raytheon v Rouzie, GR 162894, February 26, 2008

NCC 18

IV. HUMAN RELATIONS

NCC 19 – 22, vis-à-vis Breach of Promise to Marry

Wassmer v. Velez 12 SCRA 648
Tanjanco v. CA 18 SCRA 994
Baksh v. CA, 219 SCRA 115
Abanag v Mabute, AM P-11-2922, April 4, 2011

3
 PERSONS

V. CAPACITY TO ACT

NCC 37 - 39

1. Presumption of capacity

Catalan vs. Basa, G.R. No. 159567, July 31, 2007

2. Restrictions on capacity to act

NCC 38 - 39, cf. NCC 1327

(a) Minority, R.A. 6809, FC 5; 45 (1); cf. R.A. 6809, NCC

1327, NCC 1390 (par. 1), 1403 (par. 3), NCC 1397,
1399, NCC 1489, NCC 1426 - 1427

Mercado v. Espiritu 37 Phil 215

(b) Insanity, FC 45 (2), NCC 1327 (1), 1328

(c) Deaf-Mutism, NCC 1327 (2), 807 & 820
(d) Prodigality, ROC Rule 92 Sec. 2
(e) Civil Interdiction, RPC 31, 34, 41
(f) Family Relations, FC 150-151; cf. FC 87, NCC 1490,
NCC 2035, cf. NCC 963-967
(g) Alienage, cf. Art. IV, Secs. 1-5, 1987 Constitution
(h) Absence, NCC 381 – 396, FC 41
(i) Insolvency and Trusteeship, NCC 1381, 1491, 2236
(j) Gender, Art. II, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution; cf. NCC 403
See also: Rule 3 Section 4, 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure
(k) Physical Incapacity/Disease, FC 45(5), 45(6), 46, NCC
820

Heirs of Favis, Sr. v Gonzales, et al., GR. No. 185922, Jan. 15,
2014

4
A. NATURAL PERSONS

NCC 40 - 41
De Jesus v Syquia, G.R. No. L-39110, Nov. 28, 1933
Geluz v. CA 2 SCRA 801
Continental Steel vs. Montano, GR 182836, October 13, 2009
Quimiging v Icao, 34 SCRA 134

NCC 42
Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante 80 Phil 776
Dumlao v. Quality Plastics 70 SCRA 472
Eugenio v. Velez 185 SCRA 425
Berot v. Siapno, G.R. No. 188944, July 09, 2014
Valino v Adriano, GR 182894, April 22, 2014

NCC 43, Rule 131, Sec. 33, ROC

Joaquin v. Navarro 93 Phil 257

B. Juridical Persons excluded from Bar coverage

II. CITIZENSHIP AND DOMICILE

Art. IV, Sec. 1, 1987 Constitution

NCC 50
FC 68-69, cf. NCC 110, cf. FC 55, 101, 152
Romualdez-Marcos vs COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300
Llamanzares vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 221697etc., April 5,
2016

III. SURNAMES

NCC 364-380, RA 9255, FC 176

Naldoza v Republic, G.R. No. L-55538 March 15, 1982

Yasin v. Hon. Judge Shari’a Court G.R. No. 94986 (1995)

5
 In re: Stephanie Garcia, G.R. No. 148311, March 31, 2005.
Remo v DFA, March 5, 2010
Grande v Antonio, G.R. No. 206248, February 18, 2014

IV. EMANCIPATION

RA 6809

A. Cause of emancipation, FC 234 as amended

B. Effect of emancipation, FC 236 as amended

cf. FC 15, NCC 2180, FC 221

V. RULES GOVERNING PERSONS WHO ARE ABSENT

NCC 381-383, 384-389, FC 96, 101, 124, NCC 390-396, FC 41

Reyes v. Alejandro, 141 SCRA 65
Eastern Shipping v. Lucero, 124 SCRA 425
Manuel vs. People, G.R. No. 165842, Nov. 29, 2005
Pantollano v Korphil, GR 169575, March 30, 2011
Rep. vs Granada, GR 187512, June 13, 2012
Rep. vs Narceda, GR 192760, April 10, 2013
Republic v Hon. Estrada, G.R. No. 214792, March 18, 2015

VI. FUNERALS

NCC 305-310, FC 195

VII. ENTRIES IN THE CIVIL REGISTER

NCC 407-413
RA 9048, as amended by Rep. Act No. 101752
Rule 108, Rules of Court

Dela Cruz v Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009

Braza v Registrar, G.R. No. 181174, December 4, 2009
Corpus v Sto. Tomas, GR 18671, Aug. 11, 2010
Iwasawa vs Gangan, G.R. No. 204169, SEP 11, 2013
Republic v Olaybar, G.R. No. 189538, February 10, 2014

6
 Barcelote v Republic, G.R. No. 222095, August 7, 2017

FAMILY RELATIONS

Reading Material: Legarda, Mawis and Vargas, “Family Law in the

Philippines” [2017]

I. MARRIAGE

A. The concept of and nature of marriage, FC 1 cf. NCC 52, FC 149

Goitia vs Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252

Silverio vs Republic, October 22, 2007
People v De La Cruz, G.R. No.187683, February 11, 2010
Espinosa v Omana, AC No. 9081, October 12, 2011
Avenido v Avenido, G.R. No. 173540, Jan 22, 2014
Tambuyat v. Tambuyat, G.R. No. 202805, March 23, 2015
Calimag v Heirs of Macapaz, GR No. 191936, June 1, 2016

B. Requisites, FC 2-3; FC 5; FC 45 cf. NCC 53

.
1. Essential Requisites

2. Formal Requisites

DISCUSSION:

A. Difference in Sex – FC 2 (1), 4 (1), 39.

Silverio vs Republic, G.R. No. 174689, October 22, 2007

B. Some Form of Ceremony – FC 3 (3), 4 (1), 6, 8

Martinez v. Tan 12 Phil 731

COMPARE TO: Morigo v People, 422 SCRA

C. Legal Capacity – Art. 2(1)

7
1. Age (Articles 5, 35(1), 39, 45(1), 37(1))

2. Relationship (Articles 37, 38 (1-8), 39)

3. Prior Marriage (Articles 35 (4), 35 (6), 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 52, 53 &
39, NCC 390-391, FC 55 (9), FC 101, )

Republic v Nolasco, 220 SCRA 20

Garcia vs. Recio, 365 SCRA 437
Te vs. Choa, G.R. No. 126746, Nov. 29, 2000
Nollora v People, GR 191425, September 7, 2011
SSS vs Jarque vda. De Bailon, G.R. No. 165545, March 24, 2006
Republic vs. Sareñogon, G.R. No. 199194, Feb. 10, 2016
Republic v Tampus, GR 214243, March 16, 2016
Matias v Republic, GR 230751, April 25, 2018

Wiegel v. Sempio-Diy, 143 SCRA 499 (1986)

Terre v. Terre, 211 SCRA 6
Bobis v Bobis, GR 139509, July 31, 2000
Mercado vs Tan, 337 SCRA 122
Morigo vs Morigo, 422 SCRA
Tenebro vs. CA, G.R. No. 150758. February 18, 2004
Montanez vs Cipriano, GR 181089, October 22, 2012
Capili v People, GR 183805, July 3, 2013
See: Abbas vs Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January 30, 2013
People v Odtuhan, GR 191566, July 17, 2013
Iwasawa vs Gangan, G.R. No. 204169, Sept. 11, 2013
Republic v Cantor, G.R. No. 184621, December 10, 2013[en banc]
Lasanas v People, G.R. No. 15903, June 23, 2014
SSS v. Azote, G.R. No. 209741, April 15, 2015
Republic v Hon. Estrada, G.R. No. 214792, March 18, 2015
Republic v. Villanueva, G.R. No. 210929, July 29, 2015
Santiago vs. Phils, G.R. No. 200233, July 15, 2015
Misalucha v People, GR 206284, Feb. 28, 2018. Article 53, 52

4. Crime – FC 38 (9)

5. Physical Incapacity – FC 45 (5), 47 (5)

8
 Jimenez v. Cañizares 109 Phil 27
Alcazar v Alcazar, G.R. No. 174451, October 13, 2009

6. Psychological Incapacity - FC 36, 68-73

Santos v. CA 240 SCRA 20

Chi Ming Tsoi v. CA G.R. No. 119190, Jan. 16, 1997
Republic v. Olaviano Molina (1997)
Antonio vs. Reyes, G.R. No. 155800, Mar. 10,2005
Te vs Te, GR No. 161793, Feb. 13, 2009
Azcueta vs RP, G.R. No. 180668, May 26, 2009
Halili v Halili, GR 165424, June 9, 2009 (Motion for
Recon)
Najera v Najera, July 3, 2009
Camacho v Reyes, G.R. No. 185286, August 18, 2010
Kalaw v. Fernandez, G.R. NO. 166357, 14 Jan. 2015
Vinas v Vinas, G. R. No. 208790, January 21, 2015
Mallilin v Jamesolamin, G.R. No. 192718, 18 Feb. 2015
Republic vs. Romero, February 24, 2016
Castillo vs. Castillo, G.R. No. 189607, Apr. 18, 2016
Castillo v Republic, G.R. No. 214064. Feb. 6, 2017
Del Rosario vs. Del Rosario, GR 222541, Feb 15, 2017
De la Fuente v De la Fuente, G.R. No. 188400, March 8,
2017
Bakunawa v Bakunawa, G.R. No. 217993, August 9,
2017
Garlet v Garlet, G.R. No. 193544, August 2, 2017
Republic v Tionglico, GR 218630, Jan. 11, 2018
Singson v Singson, GR 210766, Jan. 8, 2018

D. Consent - FC 45, 35 (5), 39

a. Insanity (Articles 45(2), 47(2))

b. Fraud (Articles 45 (3), 46)

Buccat v. Buccat 72 Phil 49

9
 Anaya vs Palaroan, Nov. 26, 1970
Villanueva vs CA, 505 SCRA 564
Almelor v RTC, Aug. 26, 2008

c. Duress – force, intimidation or undue influence (Articles 45

(4), 47 (4))

Villanueva vs CA, 505 Scra 564

d. Mistake as to Identity (Articles 35 (5), 39)

e. Disease – FC 45 (6), 47 (5)

f. No Consent

Republic v Albios, G.R. No. 198780, October 16, 2013

E. Authority of the Solemnizing Officer (Articles 3 (1), 4 (1), 7, 10, 31, 32,
35 (2), R.A. 7160 (1991 Local Government Code), Secs. 444(b)(1)(xviii),
445 (b)(1)(xviii)

Aranes vs Occiano, 380 SCRA 402

Navarro v. Domagtoy S.C. A.M. MTJ-96-1088,
July 19, 1996
Beso v Daguman, 323 SCRA 566 (2000)
Ronulo vs. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 182438, July 2,
2014
Office of the Court Administrator vs. Former Judge Tormis,
A.C. No. 9920, August 30, 2016

F. Marriage License (Articles 3 (2), 4 (1), 4 (3), 35 (3), 9 – 21[refers to the

administrative requirements], 27 – 34)

Niñal vs. Bayadog, G.R. 133778, Mar. 14, 2000

De Castro v De Castro, G.R. No. 160172, February 13,
2008
Republic v Dayot, G.R. No. 175581, March 28, 2008
Abbas vs Abbas, G.R. No. 183896, January 30, 2013
Sy vs. CA, G.R. No. 127263, April 12, 2000
Alcantara vs. Alcantara, G.R. No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007

10
 Kho v Republic, GR No. 187462, June 1, 2016

II. EFFECT OF DEFECTIVE MARRIAGES ON THE STATUS OF

CHILDREN

A. If marriage is voidable – FC 164, 178

B. If marriage is terminated – FC 143

C. If marriage is void – FC 165, 54

(i) Exceptions: FC 36, 53

III. MARRIAGE CERTIFICATE (ARTICLES 22 AND 23)

IV. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ANNULMENT OR

DECLARATION OF NULLITY

FC48, 53
Enrico vs. Medinaceli, G.R. No. 173614, September 28,
2007
Carlos v Sandoval, GR 179922, December 16, 2008
Ablaza v Republic, G.R. No. 158298, August 11, 2010
Aurelio v Aurelio, GR 175367, June 6, 2011
Republic v CA, G.R. No. 159594, November 12, 2012
Mendoza v Republic, GR 157854, November 12, 2012

V. FOREIGN MARRIAGES AND FOREIGN DIVORCES

(a) As to form, NCC 17 (1) and (2)

(b) As to substantive requirements, NCC 15 & 17 (3)
FC 26; FC 21, FC 10, FC 35(1), 35(4), 35(5), 36, 37 &
38

RP vs. Orbecido, G.R. No. 154380, Oct. 5, 2005

Arca vs Javier, July 31, 1954

11
 Tenchavez v. Escaño, 15 SCRA 355
Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139
Somera v. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663
Quita vs CA, 300 SCRA 406
Llorente vs CA, 345 SCRA 592
Garcia vs. Recio, 366 SCRA 437
Corpus v Sto Tomas, G.R. No. 186571, August 11, 2010
Llave v Republic, GR 169766, March 30, 2011
Fujiki v Marinay, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014
Edelina T. Ando v DFA, G. R. No. 195432, August. 27, 2014
Medina vs. Koike, G.R. No. 215723, July 27, 2016
Misalucha v People, GR 206284, Feb. 28, 2018
Republic v Manalo, GR 221029, April 24, 2018

VI. EFFECTS OF DEFECTIVE MARRIAGE ON PROPERTY

RELATIONS

FC 43, 52, 53, 50, 147, 148, 63

Ocampo v. Ocampo, G.R. No. 198908, August 03, 2015

VII. RULES ON FORFEITURE OF THE SHARE OF THE GUILTY

SPOUSE

FC 43 (2), 50 (1), 63 (2), 147, 148

Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

VIII. WHEN THERE IS DELIVERY OF PRESUMTPIVE

LEGITIMES

FC 102 (5), 43 (2), 50 (2), 51, 102 (5), 63 (2), 102, 129,
135
Dino v Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011
Yu v Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011

12
IX. LEGAL SEPARATION

1. Grounds for legal separation – Art. 55 FC, RA 9262

Kalaw v Fernandez, GR 166357, September 19, 2011

BBB v AAA, G.R. No. 193225, February 9, 2015
AAA v BBB, G.R. No. 212448, Jan. 11, 2018

2. Defenses in actions for legal separation – FC 56, 60

Lapuz v. Eufemio 43 SCRA 177

Matubis v. Praxedes 109 Phil 789

(a) Consent

FC 56(2); NCC 100

Matubis v. Praxedes, supra

People v. Sansano 50 Phil 73
People v. Schneckenberger 73 Phil 413

(b) Condonation

FC 56(1)
Ginez v. Bugayong 100 Phil 616

(c) Recrimination

FC 56(4)
Brown v. Yambao 102 Phil 168

(d) Collusion/Mutual Consent

FC 60
FC 56(3), (5), compare with NCC 101 and 221(3)
Brown v. Yambao, supra

13
 Ocampo v. Florenciano 107 Phil 35
Mendoza v Republic, GR 157854, November 12, 2012

3. Court procedure in legal separation

FC 58-60;
Sec 19, RA 9262
No confession of judgment, FC 48; cf. NCC 2035

4. Effect of pendency of the petition

(a) cooling-off period, FC 58

(b) right of consortium, FC 61 par. 1
(c) administration of property, FC 61 par. 2
(d) Support and custody pendente lite

5. Effects of decree of legal separation

(a) On personal relations, FC 63

(b) On the custody of children, FC 63(3); FC 213
(c) On property relations, FC 63(2), FC 64, FC Art. 102 (4),
129 (7)

Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August
20, 2014

d. On support, FC 198
e. On the use of surname, NCC 372
f. On hereditary rights, FC 63(4)

8. Reconciliation, FC 65

9. Effects of reconciliation, FC 65, 66, 67

14
X. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF SPOUSES

1. General rule and exceptions - FC 68 – 71; FC 72, 100;

127; 101, NCC 921 (4)

Goitia v. Campos-Rueda, supra

Arroyo v. Vasques-Arroyo 42 Phil 54
Ilusorio vs. Bildner, G.R. No. 139789. May 12, 2000.

2. Designation of domicile - FC 69

3. Joint management of family life - FC 70, 94 (last par.),

122, 146

4. Joint Obligation to Support - FC 70,194, 94 (1), 122,

146

5. The right to exercise a profession or calling, FC 73 as

amended by RA 10572 (May 24, 2013)

6. Related rights/obligations

Rep. v Molina, G.R. No. 108763 February 13, 1997

XI. PROPERTY RELATIONS OF THE SPOUSES

A. Marriage settlements, FC 74, 75, 130 (3); 103 (3)

1. Form & registration requirement, FC 77, NCC 1357, 1358,

NCC 709

Valencia v Loquiao, GR 122134, October 3, 2003

2. Donations propter nuptias, FC 81 cf. Art. 86 (1), FC 82 –

87, NCC Arts. 748-749, NCC 761, NCC 765; FC
Art. 50; 43 (3), FC 48; 44; 61

Solis vs Solis, 53 Phil 912 [1928]

15
 Mateo vs Lagua, 29 SCRA 864

3. Parties to a marriage settlement - FC 78, NCC Art. 38, 39,

FC 79, RPC 34, FC 135 (1)

4. Which law governs property relations - FC 80, NCC 16 and

17.

5. Void donations by the spouses, FC 87

Matabuena v. Cervantes 38 SCRA 284

Arcaba vs. Tabancura, G.R. No. 146683. Nov. 22, 2001

B. Absolute community of property (ACP) – FC 88, 91, 92, 93

1. When applicable, FC 75, 103 (3); 130 (3); 92 (3)

2. Commencement, FC 88

3. Waiver during marriage, FC 89

4. Waiver after marriage, FC 89 par. 2 cf NCC Art. 168

5. Suppletory rules:

Co-ownership, FC 90; of NCC 484-501

6. What constitutes ACP, FC 91

Memorize!

(a) All property at time of marriage

(b) Property acquired subsequently
(c) Winnings from gambling, FC as of NCC 164
(d) Presumption of ACP, FC 93 of NCC 160

Muller v Muller, G.R. NO. 149615, August 29, 2006

Beumer v Amores, GR 195670, December 3, 2012

16
7. What is excluded from ACP, FC 92; FC 95

Abrenica v Abrenica, G.R. No. 180572, June 18, 2012

8. Charges upon ACP, FC 94

(a) Family expenses cf. FC 100 (3), FC 121(5) and FC

94 (4), (5)

(b) Debts of spouses, Art. 94 (2) and (3)

(c) Subsidiary liabilities, Art. 94 (9)

Buado vs. CA, G.R. No. 145222, April 24, 2009

(d) Sole obligations of a spouse, Art. 94

(e) Gambling losses, FC 95
(f) Other charges, Art. 94

10. Administration and enjoyment of ACP

(a) Joint administration, FC 96; FC 90

Dar v Legasto, G.R. No. 143016, August 30, 2000

Cotoner vs. Revilla, G.R. No. 190901, November 12, 2014

(b) Sole administration

(1) incapacity, FC 96 (2) – no court order

(2) separation in fact FC 100 (3) – with court
order
(3) abandonment, FC 101 – with court order
(5) pendency of legal separation proceeding, FC
61 – with court order

(c) Disposition and encumbrance, FC 96-98

Matthews vs. Taylor, GR 164584, June 22, 2009

17
11. Effect of separation de facto, FC 100; 101; cf. FC 239 –
summary proceedings for court authority to
dispose

12. Effect of abandonment, FC 101, FC 72 – damages,

rescission/nullity of a contract

13. Dissolution of ACP, FC 99, 102, 43 (2); FC 63(2), 104

(a) Death, FC 103 cf. Rule 73 Sec. 12 ROC

Heirs of Go v Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7,

2011
Domingo vs. Molina, G.R. No. 200274, April
20, 2016
Uy v Estate of Fernandez, G.R. No. 200612, April
5, 2017

(b) Legal separation, FC 63(2); FC 66

(c) Annulment and declaration of nullity, FC 50 in rel. to
FC 43 (2)
(d) Judicial separation of property, FC 134-138

Ugalde v Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008

Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23,
2014
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

14. Effects of dissolution

(a) Liquidation procedure, FC 102 (cf 106, 129[7])

Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

(b) For cause other than death, FC 43 (2); FC 63(2); 147;

148
(c) Termination due to death, FC 104

18
 Dino v Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011
Yu v Reyes-Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011

C. Conjugal partnership of gains

Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012

Orpiano vs Tomas, G.R. No. 178611, Jan. 14, 2013

1. When CPG commences and applies

(a) Marriages under FC, FC 107 cf. FC 88, FC 89

(b) Marriages before FC, FC 105(2) of FC 256

(c) Suppletory rules, FC 108 cf. NCC 1767-1768

2. What is included in the CPG, FC Art. 106

a. Presumption of CPG, FC 116

Titan v David, G.R. No. 169548, March 15, 2010

Imani vs. Metrobank, G.R. No. 187023,
November 17, 2010.
Dewara v Lamela, GR 179010, April 11, 2011
Lim v. Equitable PCI Bank, G.R. No. 183918. January
15, 2014.

b. What are included in CPG, FC 106, 117, 115, 118,

119, 120

Villanueva vs CA, 427 SCRA 439

Mendoza v. Reyes 124 SCRA 154
De La Pena v Avila, Feb. 2012

3. What is excluded from CPG, FC 109

Laperal v. Katigbak, 10 SCRA 493

19
 Francisco v CA, 1998
Tan v Andrade, GR 171904, Aug 7, 2013
Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil 255
Berciles v. GSIS,128 SCRA 53, cf. FC 115
Plata v. Yatco, 12 SCRA 718

4. Administration of exclusive property

(a) By the spouse-owner, FC 110

(b) By the other spouse, FC 110 2nd par; FC 142, 75, 227

Veloso v. Martinez, supra

Manotok Realty v. CA, 149 SCRA 372
Ong vs CA, 204 SCRA 297

5. Encumbrance/disposition of exclusive property, FC 111 as

amended by RA 10572, FC 112,

Wong et al. v. IAC 200 SCRA 792

6. If property bought by installments, FC Art. 118, 119

Jovellanos v CA, G.R. No. 100728 June 18, 1992

Tarrosa vs. De Leon, GR 185063, July 23, 2009

7. Improvements on CPG property, FC 120

Munoz, Jr. v Ramirez, GR 156125, August 25, 2010

Padilla v Padilla, October 4, 1943
Padilla v Paterno, December 26, 1961
Coungco v Flores, 82 Phil. 284

8. Charges upon and obligations of CPG, FC 121, 122, 123

Mariano vs CA, 174 SCRA 59

Ayala vs CA, 286 SCRA 272
Ching vs CA, 423 SCRA 356

20
 Homeowners vs. Dailo, G.R. 153802, Mar.11, 2005
Ando v Campo, GR 184007, February 16, 2011
Security Bank vs. Mar Tiera Corp., G.R. No.
143382, Nov. 29, 2006
Ravina v Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, Oct. 16, 2009
Hernandez v Mingoa, G.R. No. 146548, Dec. 18, 2009
Fuentes v Roca, GR No. 178902, April 21, 2010
Aguete v PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011
Pana vs. Heirs of Juanite, Sr., G.R. No. 164201,
December 10, 2012
Borlongan v BDO, G.R. No. 217617, G. R. No.
April 5, 2017

9. Ownership, administration and enjoyment

(a) Joint administration, FC 124 cf. FC 96, 142

Homeowners vs. Dailo, G.R. No. 153802, Mar. 11, 2005

Alinas vs Alinas, GR No. 158040, April 14, 2008
Docena vs. Lapesura, 355 SCRA 658
Aggabao vs. Parulan, G.R. No. 165803, Sept. 1, 2010

(b) Sole administration

(1) Incapacity, FC 124, 253

Uy vs. CA, 346 SCRA 246

(2) Separation in fact, FC 100 (3), 127(3), 253

(3) Abandonment, FC 101, 128, 253
(4) Pendency of legal separation proceedings, FC 61

10. Disposition and encumbrance, FC 124-125; FC 97, 121,

122

Cheeseman v. IAC 193 SCRA 93

Jader-Manalo v Camaisa, G.R. No. 147978, January 23,
2002
Frenzel vs. Catito, G.R. No. 143958, July 11, 2003

21
 Alinas vs. Alinas, G.R. No. 158040, April 14, 2008
Siochi v Gozon, G.R. No. 169900, March 18, 2010
Aguete v PNB, GR 170166, April 6, 2011
Flores v Lindo, GR 183984, April 13, 2011
Ko v Aramburo, G. R. No. 190995, August 9, 2017

11. Effect of separation de facto, FC 127, FC 100 cf. FC 239

Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

12. Effect of abandonment, FC 128 cf. FC 101

Partosa-Jo v. CA 216 SCRA 693

Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20,
2014

13. Dissolution of CPG, FC 126, 129

Cabreza v Cabreza, GR 171260, September 11, 2009

Heirs of Go v Servacio, GR 157537, Sept. 7, 2011
Ugalde v Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008
Dino v Dino, GR 178044, January 19, 2011
Yu v Carpio, GR 189207, June 15, 2011
Quiao v Quiao, G. R. No. 183622, July 4, 2012
Barrido v. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014
Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014
Uy v Estate of Fernandez, G.R. No. 200612, April 5,
2017

D. Regime of separation of property

(a) In the marriage settlements, FC 143-146

(b) When mandatory, FC 103 & FC 130
(c) Reconciliation in legal separation, FC 66(2)
(d) Judicial separation of property, 134 - 146

Ugalde v Ysasi, GR 130623, February 29, 2008

22
 Noveras v. Noveras, G.R. No. 188289, August 20, 2014

E. Property regime of unions without marriage

1. Unions under FC 147, 6, 35, 36, 53

Valdes v. QC RTC, G.R. No. 122749, July 31, 1996

Carino vs. Carino, GR 132539, February 3, 2001
Gonzales vs Gonzales, 478 SCRA 327
Diño v Diño, GR 178004, January 19, 2011
Barrido v. Nonato, G.R. No. 176492, October 20, 2014

2. Unions under FC 148, 35, 37, 38

Belcodero v. CA 227 SCRA 303

Agapay vs Agapay, 276 SCRA 340
Tumlos vs. Sps. Fernandez, G.R. No. 137650, Apr 12, 2000
Atienza vs.de Castro,G.R. No. 1695698, Nov. 29, 2006
Signey v SSS, GR No. 173582, Jan. 28, 2008
Borromeo vs Descallar, GR No. 159310, Feb. 24, 2009
Heirs of Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009
Lacbayan v Samoy, GR 165427, March 21, 2011
Go- Bangayan v Bangayan, G.R. No. 201061, July 3, 2013

Lavadia vs. Heirs of Luna, G.R. No. 171914, July 23, 2014
Tambuyat v. Tambuyat, G.R. No. 202805, March 23, 2015
Fullido v Grilli, G.R. No. 215014, February 29, 2016

XII. THE FAMILY, FC 149- 151, NCC 2035

Tribiana vs. Tribiana, G.R. No. 137359, Sept. 13, 2004

Hiyas Savings vs. Acuña, G.R. NO. 154132, August 31, 2006

XIII. FAMILY HOME, FC 152-162 [exclude FC 157, 161, 162]

Patricio vs. Dario, G.R. No. 170829, November 20, 2006

Arriola v Arriola, GR 177703, January 28, 2008

23
 Modequillo v. Breva, 185 SCRA 766
Cabang vs Basay, GR No. 180587, March 20, 2009
Ramos v Pangilinan, GR 185920, July 20, 2010
Equitable v OJ Mark, G.R. No. 165950, August 11, 2010
De Mesa v Acero, Jan. 16, 2011
Fortaleza v Lapitan, GR 178288, August 15, 2012
Eulogio v. Bell, G.R. No. 186322, July 08, 2015

XIV. PATERNITY AND FILIATION

A. Concept of paternity, filiation and legitimacy, FC 163

B. LEGITIMATE CHILDREN, FC 164,

Angeles vs Maglaya, 469 SCRA 363

SSS vs. Aguas, G.R. 165546, Feb. 27, 2006
Basbas v Basbas, G.R. No. 188773, September 10, 2014

1. Who are considered legitimate children

A. LEGITIMATE PROPER, FC 164

(a) Conceived during marriage

cf. ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3(dd)
FC Art. 168

Arbolario v CA, G.R. No. 129163, April 22, 2003

1. valid marriage
2. terminated marriage under FC 42 in rel. to FC
43(1)
3. void marriages under FC 53, 36
4. voidable marriages, FC 45

Suntay v Suntay, GR 132524, Dec. 29, 1998

(b) Born during marriage

24
 (c) Conceived by artificial insemination cf. NCC 40,
FC 164

2. Proof of Filiation Of legitimate children, FC 172-173

Trinidad vs. Court of Appeals, 289 SCRA 188, April 20, 1998
De Jesus vs. Estate of Juan Gamboa Dizon, 366 SCRA 499
Ong vs. Diaz, December 17, 2007
Tison vs. Court of Appeals, 276 SCRA 582, July 31, 1997
Aguilar v Siasat, G.R. No. 200169, Jan. 28, 2015

3. Rights of legitimate children, FC 173-174, NCC 364, 374, 376,

NCC 888, NCC 979

4. Grounds to impugn legitimacy, FC 166

(a) Physical impossibility of access

Andal v. Macaraig, 89 Phil 165

Concepcion vs. CA, G.R. No. 123450, Aug. 31,
2005

(b) Biological or other scientific grounds, FC 170, 171

Estate of Rogelio Ong v. Minor Joanne
Diaz, G.R. No. 171713, Dec. 17, 2007
Lucas v Lucas, GR No. 190710, June 6, 2011

(c.) FC 166(3)

5. Action to impugn legitimacy

Reyes vs. Mauricio, G.R. No. 175080, November 24, 2010

Republic v Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011
Geronimo v. Santos, G.R. No. 197099, September 28, 2015

6. Effect of a mother’s declaration, FC 167

25
 7. In subsequent marriages, FC 168, 169

8. Presumptions, FC 170, 171

4. ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN

1. Who are considered illegitimate, FC 165

Joanie Surposa Uy v Jose Ngo Chua, G.R. No.

183965, September 18, 2009

2. Rights of illegitimate children, FC 173, 172, 175-176

Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009

De la Cruz vs Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Gotardo v Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Grande v Antonio, G.R. No. 206248, February 18, 2014

3. Proof of filiation, FC 175

Jison vs. CA, 286 SCRA 495

Rivero v CA, G.R. NO. 141273, May 17, 2005
Heirs of Gabatan vs CA, GR 150206, March 13, 2009
Dela Cruz vs. Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Lucas v Lucas, G.R. No. 190710, June 6, 2011
Gotardo v Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Perla v Baring, GR 172471, November 12, 2012
Calimag vs. Heirs of Macapaz, G.R.191936, June 27,
2016
San Agustin vs. Sales, G.R. N0. 189289, August 31,
2016
Barcelota v Republic, G.R. No. 222095, August 7, 2017

4. Compulsory recognition, cf. RPC 345

People vs. Magtibay, G.R. No. 142985. Aug. 6, 2002

People v Abella, G.R. No. 177295, January 6, 2010
People v. Gersamio, G.R. No. 207098, July 08, 2015

26
5. LEGITIMATED CHILDREN

1. Who may be legitimated, FC 177, RA 9858

Abadilla vs Tabiliran, 249 SCRA 447

2. How legitimation takes place, FC 178, FC 180

3. Retroactivity and effects, FC 180-181

4. Action to impugn legitimation, FC 182

5. Rights of legitimated children, FC 179

6. ADOPTED CHILDREN

Lazatin v. Campos, 92 SCRA 250

Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575
R.A. 8552 (Domestic Adoption Law)
R.A. 8043 (Inter-Country Adoption Law)
Bartolome vs. SSS, G.R. No. 19253, November 12, 2014
Oribello v CA, G.R. No. 163504, Aug. 5, 2015

1. Who may adopt – Sec. 7, 8552

Michelle Lim, GR 168992, May 21, 2009

Republic v. Toledano, 233 SCRA 9

2. Who may be adopted – Sec. 8

3. Need for consent – Sec. 9

Landingin vs. RP, G.R. No. 164948, June 27, 2006

4. Effects of a decree of adoption, Secs. 13, 16, 17 and 18, FC

Arts. 189-190

Tamargo v. CA, 209 SCRA 518

27
 Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575
Stephanie Garcia, 454 SCRA 541
Bagayas vs Bagayas, G.R. Nos. 187308, Sept. 18, 2013

5. Rescission of adoption, Sec. 19, 20

Lahom vs. Sibulo, G.R. No. 143989, July 14, 2003

XV. SUPPORT

A. What comprises support, FC 194

B. Who are obliged to provide support, FC 195, 196, 199

Pelayo v. Lauron, 12 Phil 453

Sanchez v. Zulueta, 68 Phil 110
De Asis vs. CA, G.R. No. 127578, Feb. 15, 1999
Rondina v People, GR 179059, June 13, 2012
Gotardo v Buling, GR 165166, August 15, 2012
Perla v Baring, GR 172471, November 12, 2012

C. Source of support, FC 197-198, cf. FC 49, 70, 94, 121, 122

Lerma v. CA, 61 SCRA 440

Reyes vs Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803

D. Order of support, FC 199, 200, 204

Mangonon vs. CA, G.R. No. 125041, June 30, 2006

Spouses Lim v Lim, G.R. No. 163209, October 30, 2009

E. Manner and time of payment, FC 200-208

F. Renunciation and Termination, NCC 2035; FC 194

G. Support pendente lite, FC 198

28
XVI. PARENTAL AUTHORITY & CUSTODY OF CHILDREN

A. Concept of parental authority, FC 209, 211

Medina vs. Makabali, 27 SCRA 502, March 28, 1969

Unson vs. Navarro, 101 SCRA 183, November 17, 1980
In the Matter of the Petition for Habeas Corpus Of Minor Shang
Ko Vingson v Cabcaban, UDK No. 14817, January 13, 2014
Caram v Segui, GR 193652, Aug. 5, 2014 [en banc]
Mendez vs. Shari’a District Court, G.R. No. 201614, January
12, 2016

B. Transfer of PA, FC 210 cf. FC 223-224, FC 234

Eslao vs CA, 266 SCRA 317

C. Who exercises PA, FC 211-213 cf. FC 49, 102(6). 129 (9) and
63(2), Art. 176

Unson v. Navarro 101 SCRA 183

Espiritu & Layug v. CA, G.R. No. 115640 (1995)
Santos Sr. v. C.A., G.R. No. 113054 (1995)
David vs. Court of Appeals, 250 SCRA 82, November 16, 1995
Briones vs. Miguel, G.R. No. 156343, October 18, 2004
Gualberto vs. Gualberto, G.R. No. 154994. June 28, 2005
Salientes vs Salientes, 500 SCRA 128
Grande v Antonio, G.R. No. 206248, February 18, 2014
BBB -versus -AAA, G.R. No. 193225, February 9, 2015
Bucal v Bucal, G.R. No. 206957, June 17, 2015,

D. Substitute PA, FC 212-214, 216, FC 233

Vancil vs Belmes, 358 SCRA 707

E. Special PA, FC 218-219, FC 233, cf. FC 221 in rel. to NCC 2180

29
 St. Mary’s vs. Carpitanos, G.R. No. 143363, February 6, 2002
Child Learning Centre vs. Tagario, GR 150920, Nov. 25, 2005
Holy Spirit vs. Taguiam, GR 165565, July 14, 2008
Aquinas School v Inton, GR 184202, January 26, 2011

F. Effects of PA over the child’s person, FC 220-222, FC 223-224

Cuadra v. Monfort, 35 SCRA 160

Rosales vs. People, G.R. No. 173988, October 8, 2014

G. Filial privilege, FC 215

H. Effects of PA over the child’s property, FC 225-227

RA 9231, Secs. 12-B and 12-C

Hebron vs. Loyola, G.R. No. 168960, July 5, 2010

Neri v Heirs, GR 194366, October 10, 2012

I. Suspension or termination of PA, FC 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, cf

193 cf. RA 6809

XV. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS, FC 356 – 363

XVI. SUMMARY JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS, FC 238-252

PROPERTY

Reading Material: Tolentino, Vol. II

I. Classification of property, NCC 414

A. Immovable or real, 415

B. Movable, 416, 417

Lopez v Orosa, 103 Phil. 98

30
 Associated Insurance v Iya, 103 SCRA
Tumalad v Vicencio, 41 SCRA 143
Board of Assessments v Meralco, 10 SCRA 68
Berkenkotter c Cu Unjieng, 61 Phil 663
Davao Sawmill v Castillo, 61 Phil. 709

II. Character of Ownership, NCC 419-425

A. Public domain

Government v Cabangis, 53 Phil. 112

MIAA v City of Pasay, April 2, 2009, G.R. No. 163072
MIAA v CA, et al., July 20, 2006, G.R. No. 155650
Republic v Vega, GR 177790, January 17, 2011
Victoria v Republic, G.R. No. 179673, June 8, 2011
Land Bank v Cacayurin, GR No. 191667, April 17, 2013
Dream Village v. BCDA, G.R. No.192896, July 24, 2013
Republic v. Cortez, G.R. No. 186639. February 5, 2014.
Fortuna v. Republic, G.R. No. 173423, March 5, 2014
Talayan Holdings, Inc. v Homeowners Association of Talayan
Village, Inc., G.R. NO. 203883, Nov. 10, 2015.
Reyes v Asuncion, G.R. No. 196083, Nov. 11, 2015

B. Patrimonial property of the State

Laurel v Garcia, 187 SCRA 797

Rep. v Rizalvo, GR 172011, March 7, 2011
Republic v. Cortez, G.R. No. 186639. February 5, 2014.
Republic v Rovency Realty, GR 190817, Jan. 10, 2018

C. Private ownership, NCC 421

Tan Toco v Muni. Of Iloilo, GR 24950, 25 March 1926

Zamboanga v Zamboanga, G.R. No. L-24440, June 30, 1969
Casimiro v Mateo, GR 175845, July 27, 2011
Gatchalian v Flores, G.R. No. 225176, Jan. 19, 2018

III. Essential Form

31
IV. Designation

V. Susceptibility to Substitution

VI. Aptitude for repeated use, NCC 418

VII. Susceptibility to Division

VIII. Existence in Time

IX. Dependence

Arriola v Arriola, GR 177703, January 28, 2008

BUNDLE OF RIGHTS

A. Ownership, NCC 427 - 439

Lunod v Meneses, G.R. No. 4223, August 19, 1908

NAPOCOR v Ibrahim, GR No. 168732, June 29, 2007
Aneco Realty v Landex, 560 SCRA 182
Padilla v Velasco, et al, GR No. 169956, January 19, 2009
Heirs Of Domingo Valientes v Ramas, G.R. No. 157852,
December 15, 2010
Datu v Lantud, GR 162551, July 18, 2011
Corpuz v Agustin, GR 183822, Jan. 18, 2012
Edralin v PVB, 2011
Ermitano v Paglas, GR 174436, Jan. 2013
Isip v Quintos, G.R. No. 172008, AUG-2012-
Villondo v Quijano, C.R No. 173606, December 3, 2012
Top Management v Fajardo, June 15, 2011
Mananquil v Moico, G.R. No. 180076, Nov, 21, 2012
Chung v Mondragon, 179754, Nov. 21, 2012
Paraguya v. Crucillo, G.R. No. 200265, December 2, 2013.
Okabe v Saturnino, G.R. No. 196040, August 26, 2014 [en
banc]
Jose Yulo Agricultural Corporation v. Davis, G.R. No. 197709,
August 03, 2015

32
B. Right of Accession, NCC 440 – 474

Bachrach v Siefert, 87 Phil. 117

Bachrach v Talisay-Silay, 56 Phil. 117
Depra vs. Dumlao, G.R. No. L-57348 May 16, 1985
Tuatis v Escol, GR No. 175399, Oct. 27, 2009
Vda. De Roxas v Our Lady’s Foundation, GR 182378, March
2013
Ortiz v Kayanan, 92 SCRA 146
Narvaez v Alciso, July 27, 2009, GR No. 165907
New Regent v Tanjautco, April 16, 2009, GR No. 168800
Fernando v Acuna, Sept. 14, 2011
Galang vs. Reyes, G.R. No. 184746, August 8, 2012.
Republic v Santos, November 12, 2012
Greenacres v Cabral, G.R. No. 175542, June 5, 2013
PNB v. Sps. Marañon, G.R. No. 189316, July 1, 2013.
Heirs of Sarili, et al v Lagrosa, G.R. No. 193517, Jan. I5 2014
Heirs of Pocido v. Avila, G.R. No. 199146, March 19, 2014.
Narvasa v. Imbornal, G.R. No. 182908, August 06, 2014
Spouses Aquino v. Spouses Aguilar, G.R. No. 182754, June 29,
2015
Bliss Development Corp v Diaz, G.R. No. 213233, August 05,
2015
Homeowners v J.M. Tuason, GR 203833, November 10, 2015
De Los Santos v Abejon, G.R. No. 215820, March 20, 2017
NOTE: Leviste v. Legaspi Towers, GR 199353, April 4, 2018

C. Quieting of Title. NCC 476-481

Oo v Lim, GR 154270, March 9, 2010

Naguiat v Quiazon, G.R. No. 201248, March 11, 2015
De Guzman v Tabangao Realty, G.R. No. 154262, February 11,
2015
Caldito v Obado, G.R. No. 181596, Jan. 30, 2017

D. Co-Ownership, NCC 484 – 494

33
 NOTE: Condominium Law, RA 4762 as amended by RA 7899.
EXCLUDED

Pardell v Bartolome, G.R. No. L-4656, November 18, 1912

Dailisan v CA, 560 SCRA 351
Cruz v Catapang, GR No. 164110, Feb. 12, 2008
Plasabas v CA, March 31, 2009, GR No. 168139
Republic v Heirs, 549 SCRA 58
Monteroso v CA, 533 SCRA 66 (2008)
Quimpo v Abad, 545 SCRA 174 (2008)
Lacbayan v Samoy, GR 165427, March 21, 2011
Tecson v Francisco, GR 180683, June 1, 2011
Angeles v Pascual, GR 157150, Sept. 21, 2011 []
Ampil v Manahan, 11 October 2012
Figuracion v Gerilla, February 13, 2013
Ining v Vega, G.R. No. 174727, August 12, 2013
Recio v Altamirano, G.R. No. 182349, July 24, 2013
Teodoro v Espino, et al, G.R. No. 189248, Feb. 5, 2014
Arambulo v. Nolasco, G.R. No. 189420, March 26, 2014
Extraordinary Development Corporation v. BICO, G.R. No.
191090, October 13, 2014
Apique v. Apique Fahnenstich, GR. No. 205705, Nov. 2, 2015
Tabasondra v Constantino, G.R. No.196403, Dec. 7, 2016
Bautista v Bautista, G.R. No. 202088, March 8, 2017
Uy v Estate of Fernandez, G.R. No. 200612, April 5, 2017

E. Possession

1. Possession in the concept of a holder, NCC 525, 554, 561, 552, 1128,
526

Aranda v Republic, GR 172331, August 24, 2011

2. Concept of Owner, NCC 540

Decaleng v Bishop, G.R. No. 171209, June 27, 2012

Abobon v Abobon, GR 155830, August 12, 2012
[]
Locsin v. Hizon, G.R. No. 204369, September 17, 2014

34
 a. Presumption of just title, NCC 541

Casimiro Development v Mateo, GR 175485, July 27,

2011

b. Good Faith, NCC 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 1132, 1134, 552

Cabigas v Limbaco, GR 175291, July 27, 2011

Trazona, et al. v. Cañada, et al., G.R. No. 175874, December
11, 2013.
Vilbar v Opinion, G.R. No. 176043, Jan. 15, 2014
Homeowners Savings v. Felonia, G.R. No. 189477. February
26, 2014.
Rotairo v. Alcantara, G.R. No. 173632, September 29, 2014

c. Bad faith, NCC 549, 1132, 1137, 552

Tiu v Jangas, G.R. No. 200285, March 20, 2017

d. Applicable presumptions, NCC 541, 527, 559, 1505, 1132,

1518, 528, 529, 554, 561, 542, 426

Luga v Arciaga, GR 175343, July 27, 2011

3. Acquisition and loss of possession, NCC 531, 532, 555, 1125, 1189,
1120-1124

Republic v Aldana, 175578, August 11, 2010

VSD Realty v Uniwide, GR No. 170677, Oct. 24, 2012
Aldover vs. CA, G.R. No. 167174, September 23, 2013
Nenita Quality Foods Corporation vs. Galabo, et al., G.R. No.
174191. January 30, 2013
Republic v. Remman, G.R. No. 199310. February 19, 2014
Suarez v. Emboy, Jr., G.R. No. 187944, March 12, 2014
Ocampo v. Dionisio, G.R. No. 191101, October 01, 2014

35
 Novecio v Hon. Lim, G.R. No. 193809, March 23, 2015
Fullido v Grilli, GR 215014, February 29, 2016

F. Usufruct

1. Objects of Usufruct

2. Elements in a Usufruct

3. Classes of Usufruct - NCC 563, 563, FC 226, NCC 564, 756, 863,
869, 564, 574, 573, 564, 598-599, 758-759

4. Rights of Usufructuary – NCC 566-569, 438, 570, 571-572, 590, 578-

579, 594, 580

5. As to the Legal Right of Usufruct Itself – NCC 580, 572

6. Obligations of the Usufructuary – NCC 583, 586, 599, 585, 584, 587,
FC 226, NCC 584

7. During the Usufruct – NCC 589, 610, 590, 591, 592, 593,594, 595,
596-597, 610, 602

8. At the Time of the Termination of the Usufruct – NCC 612

9. Special Cases of Usufruct – NCC 570, 582, 591, 575-576, 578, 600,
598, 573, 574

Fabie v David, 75 Phil. 536

Baluran v Navarro, 79 SCRA 309
Gaboya v Cui, 38 SCRA 85

10.Rights of the Naked Owner – NCC 574, 581

11. Extinguishment of the usufruct, NCC 603, 611, 606, 605, 607, 608,
1381, 709

Calingasan v Rivera, GR 171555, April 17, 2013

36
 12.Conditions Not Affecting Usufruct – NCC 609, 610, 607, 608

Albar v Carandang, 106 Phil. 855

G. Easements

1. Characteristics, NCC 613, 617, 618

Privatization v Legaspi Towers, July 22, 2009, GR No. 174957

Velasco v Cui, 105 SCRA 616
Valisno v Adriano, 161 SCRA 398

2. Kinds of easements, NCC 613, 615, 616, 619

La Vista v CA, 278 SCRA 498

Liwag v Happy Glen, July 4, 2012
North Greenhills v Morales, G.R. No. 222821, August 9, 2017

3. Modes of acquiring easements, NCC 623, 624

Andres v. Sta. Lucia, G.R. No. 201405, August 24, 2015

4. Effects of Easement, NCC 625, 641, 626, 627, 628

Valderrama v North Negros, G.R. No. L-23810, December 18, 1925

Goldcrest v Cypress, GR No. 171072, April 7, 2009
NPC v Heirs of Makabangit, GR 165828, August 24, 2011
Cabahug v Napocor, January 30, 2013

5. Legal Easements - Water Code, Arts. 31-52, NCC 640-641, 642-646,

647, 649-657, 658-666, 667-673

Valdez v Tabisula, 560 SCRA 332 92008

St. Michael v Masaito, GR 166301, Feb. 29, 2008
Quintanilla v Abangan, 544 SCRA 494
Obra v Sps Badua, GR 149125, Aug. 9, 2007
Dichoso v Marcos, GR 180282, April 11, 2011
Regala v Carin, GR 188715, April 6, 2011

37
 Fabie v Lichauco, 11 Phil. 15
Williams v Zerda, G.R. No. 207146, March 15, 2017

6. Other easements – NCC 674-676, 677-681, 682-683, 667-673

Calma v CA, 176 SCRA 556

Gancayco v QC, GR 177807, October 11, 2011
Unisource Commercial v Chung, July 17, 2009, GR No. 73252
Vergara v. Sonkin, G.R. No. 193659, June 15, 2015

7. Extinguishment of Easements – NCC 631, 655

DIFFERENT MODES OF ACQUIRING OWNERSHIP

A. In general, NCC 712

Acap v CA, 251 SCRA 30

B. Modes of Acquiring Ownership

1. Intellectual Creation

* Now governed by the Intellectual Property Code and the

TRIPS Agreement.

2. Occupation, NCC 713-720

Palero-Tan v Urdaneta, A.M. P-07-2399, June 18, 2008

3. Law, NCC 681, 1434, 1456

4. Tradition, NCC 1496-1501

5. Donation, NCC 725 – 769

a. Features

Seventh Day Adventist v. Northeastern Mindanao, 496 SCRA 215

38
Talayan Holdings, Inc. v Homeowners Association of Talayan
Village, Inc., G.R. NO. 203883, Nov. 10, 2015.

b. Classifications

Del Rosario v Ferrer, 630 SCRA 683

Meralco v Martonito, GR No. 192893, June 5, 2013

c. Form

Pajarillo v IAC, 176 SCRA 340

Echavez v Dozen, GR 192916, October 11, 2010

d. Distinctions between inter vivos and mortis causa

Del Rosario v Ferrer, 630 SCRA 683

e. Limitations

a. Who may donate, NCC 735, 41, 1390 (1)

b. Who may be a donee, NCC 738

c. Void donations, 739 (1), 736, 1409, FC 87/

Insular Life v Ebrado, L-44059, Oct. 28, 1977

Republic v AFP, Jan. 16, 2013

d. Others, NCC 740, 1027, 1028, 1027 (ex par. 4), 741 –
744, 1544, 745, 746

Lavarez v Guevarra, G.R. No. 206103, March 29, 2017

6. Reduction and revocation, NCC 760-773

Central Philippines University v CA, 246 SCRA 511

Lazaro v CA, 287 SCRA 18
Imperial v CA, GR 112483, October 8, 1999

39
 7. Prescription

NCC 1106-1155
Solis v CA, 176 SCRA 678
Republic v Rizalvo, GR 172011, March 7, 2011

(a) Distinctions between Acquisitive and Extinctive

Prescription
Rule 9, Sec. 1 (1997)
Sunga v De Guzman, June 19, 1979
Overseas Bank v Geraldez, December 28, 1979
Ledesma v CA, 224 SCRA 174
Tanyag v Gabriel, April 11, 2012
Mercado v Espenocilla, February 1, 2012
Fudalan v Ocial, G.R. No. 194516, June 17, 2015

(b) Distinctions between Extinctive Prescription and Laches

Miguel v Catalino, November 29, 1968
Lola v CA, 145 SCRA 439
Borromeo v. Almazora, G.R. No. 200558, July 01, 2015

(c ) Special Cases
Espiritu v CFI, October 31, 1972
Solidarios v Alampay, January 28, 1975
Jalandoni v PNB, October 9, 1981
Republic v CFI, January 27, 1983

8. Succession

C. Modes of Extinguishing Ownership

40
 SUCCESSION

Reading Material: Sebastian [2015]; Balane [any edition]

I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

A. Definition and Concept, NCC 774, 776, 712, 1311

Butte v Manuel Uy & Sons, Inc., No. L-15499, 18 February 1962

National Housing Authority v Almeida, 525 SCRA 383
Estate of Hemady v Luzon Surety, G.R. No. L-8437, November 28, 1956.
Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante 80 Phil 776
Cabalu v Tabu, G.R. No. 188417, September 24, 2012

B. Subjects of Succession, NCC 775, 902, 782, 887, 1003

1. Who are the subjects? – NCC 775, 782

2. Relationship, NCC 963-969
3. Capacity to succeed

a. Determination, NCC 1034, 1039, 16 (2)

Cayetano v Leonides, 129 SCRA 522

b. Who may succeed? NCC 1024-26, 1029-30

Parish Priest of Victoria v Rigor, 89 SCRA 493

c. Who are incapable of succeeding? NCC 1027-28,

1031-33
d. Effect of alienations by the excluded heir, NCC 1038
e. Prescription of Action, NCC 1040

C. Object of Succession, NCC 776, 781, 1311, 1429, 1178, 1347

Art. 108, RPC

Recto v Harden, 100 Phil. 427

Reyes v Dimagiba, L-5620, July 31, 1954

41
 Estate of Hemady v Luzon Surety, G.R. No. L-8437.
November 28, 1956.
Guinto v Medina, 50 O.G., #1
Nazareno v CA, October 18, 2000
Heirs of Ureta v Ureta, September 14, 2011
Natividad v Natividad, GR 198434, February 29, 2016

D. Opening of Succession and Its Effects

NCC 777, 781, 2263, 2253, 533, 1347, 1461, 130, 132, 390,
391, FC 84, 86

Bonilla v Barcena, No. L-41715, 18 June 1976

Salvador v Sta. Maria, No. L-25952, 30 June 1967
Puno v Puno, G.R. No. 177066, 11 September 2009
Reyes v RTC, G.R. No. 165744, 11 August 2008
De Borja v Vda. de Borja, No. L-28040, 18 August 1972
Lee v. RTC, G. R. No. 146006, 23 February 2004
Sandejas v Lina, G.R. No. 141634, 5 February 2001
Santos v Lumbao, G.R. No. 169129, 28 March 2007

Requisites for the transmission of successional rights

1. Express will of the testator or provision of law

2. Death of the person whose property is the subject of
succession
3. Acceptance of the inheritance – NCC 1041-1057

Uson v del Rosario, No. L-4693, 29 January 1953

Pacio v Billon, No. L-15088, 31 January 1961
Reganon v Imperial, No. L-24434, 17 January 1968
Ramirez v Baltazar, No. L-25049, 30 August 1968
Go Ong v Court of Appeals, No. L-75884, 24 September 1987

E. Kinds of succession, NCC 778

1. Testamentary, NCC 779

2. Legal or intestate, NCC 960

42
 3. Mixed, NCC 780
4. Contractual, NCC 130, 1347, 752, FC 84

TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION

II. WILLS

A. Definition, NCC 783

Vitug v CA, G.R. No. 82027 March 29, 1990

B. Characteristics, NCC 783, 839 (3) and (4), 828, 796-798, 777, 818, 784 -
787.

Seangio v Reyes, G.R. No. 140372-72, 27 November 2006

Baltazar v Laxa, G.R. No. 174489, April 11, 2012
Pascual v de la Cruz, 28 SCRA 421
Ozaeta v Cuartero, No. L-5597, 31 May 1956
Coso v Fernandez Deza, No. 16763, 22 December 1921
Ortega v Valmonte, G.R. No. 157451, 16 December 2005
De Guzman v. Intestate Estate of Francisco Benitez, G.R. Nos. 61167-
68, 20 January 1989
Vda. De Perez v. Tolete, G.R. No. 76714, 2 June 1994
Dela Cerna v Potot, 12 SCRA 576

C. Interpretation of Wills, NCC 788, 789, 790-794, 930

De Roma v CA, 152 SCRA 205

Dizon-Rivera v Dizon, No. L-24561, 30 June 1970
Vda. De Villaflor v Juico, No. L-15737, 28 February 1962
Solla v Ascueta, 49 Phil. 333
Balanay v Martinez, 64 SCRA 452

D. Law governing form

1. Time of execution, NCC 795

2. Place of execution, NCC 17, 810, 815-819

In re Will of Rev. Abadia, 50 O.G. #9, p. 4185

43
 Fleumer v Hix, 54 Phil 610
Estate of Giberson, 48 O.G. #7, 2657
Dela Cerna v Potot, 12 SCRA 576
Bellis v. Bellis, No. L-23678, 6 June 1967

E. Law governing content

1. Time – NC 2263
2. Successional rights, etc – NCC 16

Estate of Christensen, 61 O.G. #46, p. 7302

Bellis v. Bellis, No. L-23678, 6 June 1967
Cayetano v Leonides, 129 SCRA 524

III. TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY AND INTENT

A. Who may make a will? - NCC 796-803

B. Supervening incapacity – NCC 801

Torres v Lopez, 48 Phil., 77

Baltazar v Laxa, G.R. No. 174489, April 11, 2012
See also: Heirs of Favis, Sr. v Gonzales, et al., GR. No. 185922, Jan.
15, 2014

IV SOLEMNITIES OF WILLS

A. Kinds of Wills – NCC 804, 810

B. Notarial Wills

1. General requirements – NCC 804

Suroza v Honrado, 110 SCRA 388

Reyes v Vda. De Vidal, No. L-2867, 21 April 1952
Abangan v Abangan, G.R. No. L-13431, November 12, 1919
Lopez v Liboro, No. L-1787, 27 August 1948

44
2. Specific requirements – NCC 805, 806

Echavez v Dozen, G.R. No. 192916, October 11, 2010

Taboada v Rosal, 118 SCRA 195
Payad v Tolentino, G.R. No. L-42258, January 15, 1936
Matias v Salud, GR L-10907, Jan. 29, 1957
Balonan v Abellana, 109 Phil. 358
Icasiano v Icasiano, 11 SCRA 422
Nera v Rimando, 18 Phil. 450
Lopez v Liboro, No. L-1787, 27 August 1948
Samaniego v Abena, G. R. No. 145545, 30 June 2008
Lopez v Lopez, G.R. No. 189984, Nov. 12, 2012
Estate Of Abada v Abaja, G.R. No. 147145, 31 January 2005
Garcia v Lacuesta, 90 Phil. 489
Cagro v Cagro, G.R. No, L-5826, April 29, 1953
Azuela v CA, G.R. No. 122880, 12 April 2006
Vda. De Ramos v CA, No. L-40804, 31 January 1978
Garcia v Gatchalian, No. L-20357, 25 November 1967
Guerrero v. Bihis, G.R. No. 174144, 17 April 2007
Cruz v Villasor, 54 SCRA 31
Barut v Cabacungan, G.R. No. L-6285, February 15, 1912
Lee v Tambago, A.C. No. 5281, 12 February 2008
Fernandez v Vergel de Dios, G.R. No. L-2115, February 25, 1924
Villaflor v Tobias, G.R. No. L-27440, December 24, 1927
Javellana v Ledesma, 97 Phil. 258
Gabucan v Manta, 95 SCRA 752

a. Witnesses to a will

(i) Who are competent? – NCC 820, 821, 824

Gonzales v CA, 90 SCRA 183

(ii) Supervening incompetency – NCC 822

(iii) Competency of interested witnesses – 823

3. Special requirements for deaf, etc. – NCC 807-808

Garcia v Vasquez, 32 SCRA 489

45
 Alvarado v Gaviola, G.R. No. 74695 September 14, 1993

4. Substantial compliance – NCC 809

Gil v Murciano, No. L-3362, 1 March 1951

Caneda v CA, G.R. No. 103554, 28 May 1993

C. Holographic Wills

1. General requirements – NCC 804

2. Specific requirements – NCC 810, 812, 813

Roxas v De Jesus, 134 SCRA 245

Labrador v CA, L-83843, April 15, 1990

3. Probate – NCC 811, 814

Azaola v Singson, G.R. No. L-14003, August 5, 1960

Codoy v Calugay, G.R. No. 123486. August 12, 1999
Rivera v IAC, No. L-75005-06, 15 February 1990
Gan v Yap, 104 Phil 509
Rodelas v Aranza, 119 SCRA 16
Kalaw v Relova, 132 SCRA 237
Ajero v CA, No. 106720, 15 September 1994

V. INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE – NCC 827

VI. CODICILS

A, Definition – NCC 825

B. Solemnities – NCC 826

VII. REVOCATION OF WILLS AND TESTAMENTARY

DISPOSITIONS

A. Definition of revocation
B. When may revocation be effected, NCC 828

46
 C. Law governing revocation, NCC 829
D. Modes of revocation, NCC 830
E. Doctrine of Dependent Relative Revocation

Molo v Molo, 90 Phil. 37

Maloto v. CA, No. L-76464, 29 February 1988
Gago v Mamuyac, 49 Phil. 902
Diaz v de Leon, GR 17714, May 31, 1922

F. Effect of revocation, NCC 831-834

VIII. REPUBLICATION AND REVIVAL OF WILLS – NCC 835-837

IX. ALLOWANCE OF WILLS – NCC 838

A. Concept of probate

Guevara v Guevara, December 29, 1943

De La Cerna v Potot, December 23, 1964
Gallonosa v Arcangel, 83 SCRA 676
Nepomuceno v CA, 139 SCRA 206
Rodriguez v Rodriguez, G.R. No. 175720, 11 September 2007
Heirs Lasam v Umengan, G.R. No. 168156, 6 December 2006
Dorotheo v CA, G.R. No. 108581, 8 December 1999
Pastor, Jr. v CA, No. L-56340, 24 June 1983
Jimenez v IAC, G.R. No. L-75773, 17 April 1990
Agtarap v Agtarap, G.R. No. 177099, June 8, 2011
Maninang v CA, No. L-57848, 19 June 1982

B. Necessity of probate

De Borja v De Borja, 46 SCRA 577

Roberts v Leonides, 129 SCRA 33
Guevara v Guevara, December 29, 1943
Palaganas v Palaganas, GR No. 169144, January 26, 2011

C. Modes of probate

47
 Gan v Yap, 104 Phil 509
Rodelas v Aranza, 119 SCRA 16

D. Requirements for probate of a holographic will – NCC 811

Azaola v Singson, 109 Phil 102

Codoy v Calugay, 312 SCRA 333
`
E. Effect of allowance of wills

Gallonosa v Arcangel, 83 SCRA 676

X. DISALLOWANCE OF WILLS – NCC 839, 1335, 1337, 1338

Baltazar v Laxa, G.R. No. 174489, April 11, 2012

Pascual v de la Cruz, 28 SCRA 421
Ozaeta v Cuartero, No. L-5597, 31 May 1956
Coso v Fernandez Deza, No. 16763, 22 December 1921
Ortega v Valmonte, G.R. No. 157451, 16 December 2005

XI. LEGITIME

A. Concept - NCC 886

Francisco vs Francisco-Alfonso, G.R. No. 138774, March 8, 2001

Spouses Joaquin v CA, G.R. No. 126376. November 20, 2003
Maononsong v Estimo, G. R. No. 136773. June 25, 2003

B. Who are entitled to legitimes: Compulsory heirs – NCC 782, 887,

902

Rosales v Rosales, 148 SCRA 69

Ining v Vega, G.R. No. 174727, August 12, 2013
Uson v del Rosario, No. L-4693, 29 January 1953

48
 Castro v CA, G.R. Nos. 50974-75, 31 May 1989
Tayag v CA, G.R. No. 95229, 9 June 1992

C. Concurrence of compulsory heirs and their corresponding

legitimes.
NCC 888-890, 892-901, 903, Article 39, P.D. 603, Sec. 18,
Rep. Act 8552, FC 189-190

Sayson v CA, G.R. Nos. 89224-25 January 23, 1992

In the Matter of the Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 148311,
March 31, 2005
Reyes v Sotero, G.R. No. 167405, February 16, 2006
In re Petition for Adoption of Michelle Lim, 1689921, May 21,
2009
In the Matter of the Intestate Estate of Suntay, 183053, June 16,
2010
Suntay vs. Suntay, GR 183053, October 10, 2012
Bartolome vs. SSS, G.R. No. 19253, November 12, 2014

D. Restrictions regarding the legitime – NCC 904, 872, 905-907, 1347

E. Determination or computation – NCC 908-913

Vda. De Tupas v RTC, 144 SCRA 622

Mateo vs Lagua, 29 SCRA 864
Natcher v. CA, G.R. No. 133000, 2 October 2001

COLLATION – NCC 1061-1077

De Roma v CA, 152 SCRA 205

Vizconde v CA, 118449, Feb. 11, 1998
Imperial v CA, GR 112483, October 8, 1999
Arellano v Pascual, 189776, Dec. 15, 2010

F. Freedom to dispose free portion – NCC 914

49
 Principles Affecting Legitime

XII. PRETERITION – NCC 854, 906, 855, 918

Seangio v Reyes, G.R. No. 140372-72, 27 November 2006

Ureta v Ureta, Sept. 14, 2011
Reyes v Barreto-Datu, 19 SCRA 85
Aznar v Duncan, 17 SCRA 590
Balanay v Martinez, 64 SCRA 452
Acain v CA, 155 SCRA 100
Nuguid v Nuguid, 17 SCRA 449
Cayetano v Leonides, 129 SCRA 522
Escuin v Escuin, 11 Phil 332

XIII. RESERVA TRONCAL – NCC 891

Mendoza v De los Santos, GR 176422, March 20, 2013

Chua v CFI, 78 SCRA 406
Solivio v CA, G.R. No. 83484 February 12, 1990
Laserna v Vda de Corsino, L-14603, 29 April 1961
Edroso v Sablan, 25 Phil 295
Sienes v Esparcia, 1 SCRA 750
Florentino v Florentino, 40 Phil 480
Nieva vs. Alcala, No. 13386, 27 October 1920
De Papa v Camacho, 144 SCRA 281
Padura v Baldovino, 104 Phil 1065
Gonzales v CFI, 104 SCRA 161
Carillo v De Paz, No. L-22601, 28 October 1966

XIV. DISINHERITANCE – NCC 915-923

Ching v Hon. Rodriguez, Nov. 28, 2011

Principles Affecting the Freely Disposable Portion

XV. INSTITUTION OF HEIRS

50
A. In General

1. Definition, NCC 840

2. Requisites for valid institution of heirs. See NCC 785, 787
3. Effect if will institutes no heir, NCC 841
4. Freedom of disposition, NCC 842

Ureta v Ureta, Sept. 14, 2011

5. Manner of designating an heir, NCC 843-844 in rel to 789

6. Disposition in favor of an unknown person, NCC 845
7. Disposition in favor of a definite class, NCC 845 in rel to 786
8. Equality of heirs, NCC 846, 848

Dizon-Rivera v Dizon, No. L-24561, 30 June 1970

9. Individuality of institution, NCC 847

10. Simultaneity of institution, NCC 849
11. Institution based on a false cause, NCC 850

Austria v Reyes, 31 SCRA 754

12. Shares in the institution, NCC 851-853

13. Predecease of heirs, NCC 856

B. Kinds of Institution

1. Simple or Pure, NCC 777

2. Conditional, NCC 871

a. Kinds

Vda de Kilayko v Tengco, 207 SCRA 600

b. Inoperative Conditions, NCC 872-874, rel to 1183

c. Disposition Captatoria, NCC 875
d. Compliance, NCC 876-877, 2nd par.
e. Effect, NCC 1034 3rd par., 879, 880, 881, 884

51
 3. Institution with a Term

a. Kinds – NCC 885 1st par.

b. Effect – NCC 878, 885 2nd par. in rel 880

4. Modal Institution, NCC 882-883

XVI. SUBSTITUTION OF HEIRS

A. Concept – NCC 857

B. Kinds – NCC 858

1. Simple or common – 859

2. Brief or compendious – 860
3. Reciprocal – 860
4. Fideicommisary – 863-869

Vda. De Mapa v. CA, No. L-38972, 28 September 1987

Palacios v Ramirez, 111 SCRA 704
Crisologo v Singson, 49 SCRA 491
Rodriguez v. CA, No. L-287334, 28 March 1969
PCIB v Escolin, G.R. No. L-27860, March 29, 1974

C. Time-limitation on inalienability – NCC 870

XVII. LEGACIES AND DEVISES – NCC 924-959

Fernandez v Dimagiba, 21 SCRA 428

Belen v BPI, L-14474, Oct. 31, 1960
Villanueva v Branoco, GR 172804, January 24, 2011

LEGAL OR INTESTATE SUCCESSION

XVIII. GENERAL PROVISIONS

A. In general

52
 1. When does it take place? NCC 960
2. Who are the intestate heirs? NCC 961

Rodriguez et al. v. Borja, et al., No. L-21993, 21 June 1966

De Los Santos v. De La Cruz, No. L-29192, 22 February 1971
Bagunu v. Piedad, G.R. No. 140975, 8 December 2000
Heirs of Pascasio Uriarte v. CA, G.R. No 116775, 22 January 1998
Calimag v Heirs of Macapaz, GR No. 191936, June 1, 2016

3. Order and share in the intestate succession – 962

B. Right of representation – 970-977, 982, 902, 992, 1005-8

Abellana v Ferraris-Borromeo, 14 SCRA 986

Diaz v IAC, 150 SCRA 645
De La Puerta v. CA, G.R. No. 77867, 6 February 1990
Teotico vs. Del Val, G.R. No. L-18753, March 26, 1965
Sayson v. CA, G.R. Nos. 89224-25, 23 January 1992
Delgado v Rustia, 480 SCRA 334
Ang v. Pacunio, G.R. No. 208928, July 08, 2015

XIX. ORDER OF INTESTATE SUCCESSION

A. Descending Direct Line, Arts. 978-984

Bolanos v Bernarte, G.R. No. 180997, Nov. 17, 2010

B. Ascending Direct Line, Arts. 985-987

C. Illegitimate Children, Arts. 988-994

Del Prado v. SantoS, No. L-20946, 23 September 1966

Vda. De Crisologo V. CA, No. L-44051, 27 June 1985
Cacho v. Udan, No. L-19996, 30 April 1965
Corpus v. Corpus, No. L-22469, 23 October 1978
Manuel v. Ferrer, G.R. No. 117246, 21 August 1995
Leonardo v CA, 120 SCRA 890

53
 Diaz v IAC, No. L-66574, 17 June 1987 and G.R. No. 66574,
21 February 1990
Suntay v Cojuangco, 621 SCRA 142

D. Surviving Spouse, Arts. 995-1002

Santillon v Miranda, 14 SCRA 563

E. Collateral line, Arts. 1003-1010

Bicomong v Almanza, 80 SCRA 421

Abellana v Borromeo, 14 SCRA 986

F. The State, Arts. 1011-1014

PROVISIONS COMMON TO TESTATE AND INTESTATE SUCCESSION

XX. Right of Accretion

A. Concept - 1015-1017, 1019-1020

Heirs of Soliva v Cenon, G.R. No. 159611, April 22, 2015

B. In legal succession – 1018

C. Testamentary - 1022-1023

XXI. PARTITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ESTATE

A. Partition – 1078-1090 [exclude NCC 1058-1060]

Quasha v. Lcn Construction, G.R. No. 174873, 26 August 2008

Dimayuga v. Court of Appeals, L-48433, 30 April 1984
Raquel Chavez v IAC, L-68282, Nov. 8, 1990
Fajardov Fajardo, G.R. No. L-32195, August 19, 1930
Legasto v Verzosa, G.R. No. L-32344, March 31, 1930

54
 Tuason v Tuason, GR L-3404, April 2, 1951
Alonzo v IAC, 150 SCRA 517
Doromal v CA, L-36083, Sept. 2, 1975
Bautista v. Bautista, G.R. No. 160556. 3 August 2007
Non v. Ca, G.R. No. 137287, 15 February 2000
Bautista v Griño-Aquino, 166 SCRA 760
De los Santos v De la Cruz, 37 SCRA 555
Alsua Betts v CA, 92 SCRA 332
Ureta v Ureta, Sept. 14, 2011
Notarte v Notarte, G.R. No. 180614, Aug. 9, 2012
Casilang v Casilang-Dizon, GR 180269, Feb. 20, 2013
Marcos v. Heirs of Isidro Bangi, G.R. No. 185745, October 15, 2014
Marcelo v Marcelo, GR 209651, Nov. 26, 2014
Spouses Villafria v. Plazo, G.R. No. 187524, August 05, 2015
Oribello v CA, G.R. No. 163504, Aug. 5, 2015

*Exclude: Executors and administrators (Arts. 1058-1060, Civil Code), which will be covered
under Remedial Law

55